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Can Manitoba hit 3 Million acres of Soybeans and do we
want to ?
Dennis LangeIndustry Development Specialist– Pulse CropsManitoba Agriculture
Question What is your best guess on 2017 soybeans acres? (Currently 1.6 million in 2016)
A: 1.6 million acresB: 1.7 million acresC: 2.0 million acresD: 1.4 million acresE: 2.2 million acres
3 million Soybean acres What to keep in Mind
• Competition for acres from other crops • Will we have tighter rotations –
Soybeans –Snow- Soybeans ?• Volunteer control –Canola ?• Fertility issues-Phosphate, ?• Weed resistance issues from tighter rotations ?• Weather- Fall frost- Dry conditions in August ?
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Year
Assuming 353,479 acres Increase in 2017
Crystal Ball Projections for 3 million acres of soybeans
Seed
ed A
cres
Based on 200,000 acre per year growth
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Yiel
d (b
u/ac
re)
Year
Manitoba Historic soybean production
Source: MASC “Harvest Production Report” Marketshare 2016 Yield Estimated
ManitobaSoybean Yield and acres 2000-2016
Seed
ed A
cres
10 year Average
5 year Average
33 bu/ac 35 bu/acre
Red Spring Wheat Acres & Yields(2011-2015)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Yiel
d (b
u/ac
re)
Har
vest
ed A
cres
Year
Source: MASC “Seeded Acreage Report”, “Harvest Production Report”
Grain Corn Acres & Yields(2011-2015)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Yiel
d (b
u/ac
re)
Har
vest
ed A
cres
Year
Source: MASC “Seeded Acreage Report”, “Harvest Production Report”
*
Canola Acres & Yields (2012-2016)
Source: MASC “Seeded Acreage Report”, “Harvest Production Report”
5 year ACRES = 3.25 million, YIELDS = 37 bu/ac
Seed
ed A
cres
Yiel
d (b
u/ac
)
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
0
10
20
30
40
50
Manitoba Crop land acres
Manitoba Crop land acres
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Total crop land Acres 9,118,226 9,609,485 8,861,048 9,521,993 9,522,445
How many acres of crop land are planted each year ?
Which crops have seen biggest change in acres since 2012 ?
Crop Increase in Acres from 2012-2016
Soybeans 736,019 Feed Wheat 328,195 Field Peas 115,321 Grain Corn 65,908 Prairie Spring Wheat 54,957 Red Spring Wheat 48,141
Crop Drop in Acres from 2012-
2016Winter Wheat -422,854 Argentine Canola -332,423 Barley -113,198 Oats -98,168 Flax -53,317
Top 20 Crops Grown in ManitobaCrop 2016 acres Crop 2016 acresCanola Argentine 3,173,535 Corn Silage 96,229
Wheat Spring 2,194,479 Flax 62,059
Soybeans 1,646,521 Wheat PrarieSpring 59,461
Wheat Feed 374,131 Wheat Ped Red Spring 54,162
Barley 352,348 Beans, Pinto 48,292
Oats 336,427 PROCESS POTATOES IRR 43,346
Corn Grain 328,087 Sunflowers, Oil 36,752
Field Peas 162,078 Sunflowers, Non Oil 31,170
Wheat Winter 134,307 Perennial Ryegrass 25,701 Fall Rye 112,383 Beans, White Pea 24,226
Source MASC
How Soybean acreshave changed?
Variety 2000Acres
2000 Yield bu/ac
8 Rm’sover500 acres
2015 Acres Yield bu/ac
Total MB acres 2000 18,419
Variety/ P9007
Total MBacres 2015 1.38 million
827 34 Emerson-Franklin
40,278 35
1752 36 Montcalm 28,159 39
1823 31 Rhineland 34,893
948 32 Roland 25,996 40595 27 Thompson 11,299 35
Variety/Gentleman606 30 MacDonald 64,913 43
849 19.5 Rosser 15,880 43
Soybeans Provincial Marketshare-2016
-------------------Early Maturity
Variety Selection has been and will continue to be a key to expanding acres
---------Early Maturity
------------Early Maturity
--------------------------------Late Maturity
----------------------Mid Maturity
---------Mid Maturity----------------Mid Maturity
--------------------------Mid Maturity
------------------------Mid Maturity
2015 ManitobaSoybeans by RM
Traditional Area 2015 61% of Soybean acres
Non Traditional Area 201539% of Soybean acres
Year % acres Traditional
% AcresNon Traditional
2015 61 % 39 %
2014 71 % 29 %
2013 76 % 24 %
2012 86 % 13%
2011 95% 5 %
What has been driving soybean acres ?• Price of commodity $11-12 beans make
sense to growers.• Earlier maturing varieties suited for
Manitoba conditions• Advent of Roundup Ready soybean-
weed control made easy• Soybeans ability to tolerant excess
moisture compared to other crops
September 23, 2013 Roblin
September 8, 2013
Dauphin, Manitoba
Based on Data from 1981-2010
• 67 RR lines Tested in 2016
• Very Early Season,
• Early Season,
• Mid Season• Long
Season
Maturity
Long term Yield, IDC Scores, SCN & PRR Resistance
Western Manitoba Growers
Maturity
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis (IDC) Challenge for all growers
IDCSoil PH and
Excess Moisture
Carbonate levels
Soluble Salts
IDC
MPSG Soil Fertility Fact Sheet
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis (IDC)
• The plant cannot make chlorophyll due to a shortage of iron.
• When you have wet soils with high soil pH that also have high levels of carbonates and soluble salts, the Fe gets tied up and the plant cannot take up the iron it needs
• Fields with a carbonate level >5% and a salt level >1.0 mmhos/cm have a high risk of iron chlorosis.
The Soil Test
Olsen Phosphorus
8 PPM
Olsen Potassium320 PPM
Soybeans
Carbonates levels 5.9%
High
Sol. Salts 0.87 mmhos/cm
Spring Wheat
Soil PH 7.9
IDC-Trial- Data from site near WPG prone to IDC
Early Season Lines-Long TermVariety
IDC ratings IDC Grouping
NSC Reston 2.7 S
LS Northwester 2.0 STBishop R2 2.3 S23-11RY 1.7 TNotus R2 1.7 T
Mahony R2 2.9 SS001-B1 1.9 ST
McLeod R2 1.8 STS007-Y4 2.0 STTorro R2 2.4 S23-60RY 1.7 TS003-L3 2.2 ST
P006T78R 2.2 STPS 0035 NR2 1.9 STNSC Austin 2.2 ST
TH 32004R2Y 1.9 ST
Mid Season VarietiesVariety
IDC ratings IDC Grouping Variety IDC ratings IDC Grouping
PS 0055 R2 1.8 ST P008T70R 1.9 ST
TH 34006R2Y 2.1 ST
Akras R2 1.7 T HS 007RY32 1.9 ST
NSC Gladstone 2.1 ST Gray R2 1.9 ST
TH 35002R2Y 2.3 S LS Maidan 2.2 ST
LS 002R24N 2.0 ST NSC Tilston 1.8 ST
P006T46R 2.1 ST HS 006RYS24 1.7 T
Chadburn R2 1.7 T Hero R2 2.2 ST
S006-W5 2.6 S P008T22R2 1.6 T
LS 003R24N 1.9 ST Kosmo R2 2.1 ST
Lono R2 2.0 ST TH 33003R2Y 2.1 ST
P005T13R 1.8 ST PRO 2525R2 1.7 T
TH 33005R2Y 1.9 ST NSC Richer 1.6 T
24-10RY 1.9 ST 24-12RY 2.0 ST
Long Season Lines-Long Term
Variety
IDC ratings IDC Grouping
TAMULA R2 2.6 S
LS 005R22 1.8 ST
Currie R2 1.8 ST
DS0067Z1 1.7 T
LS Eclipse 2.2 ST
PS 0074 R2 1.7 T
Podaga R2 2.0 ST
HYDRA R2 2.1 ST
Astro R2 1.7 T
TH 36007R2Y 2.4 S
PRO 2535R2 1.8 ST
LS SOLAIRE 2.4 S
LS MISTRAL 1.6 T
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rotation
Table 1: Relative Yields (2000 - 2012) Relative yield response (percent of average) of Manitoba crops sown on previous crops (stubble >120 acre)
Previous Crop
Crop Planted
Spring Wheat Barley Oats Canola Flax
Soybeans
Sunflowers
Grain Corn
Winter Wheat 83 102 101 95 106 103 98 84
Spring Wheat 88 100 101 104 103 102 100 96
Barley 90 87 93 100 98 95 99 87Oats 89 87 84 92 95 104 101 97Canola 103 105 104 84 88 102 84 97Flax 96 106 99 100 77 89 101 NSDSoybeans 105 107 102 87 99 104 86 98
Sunflowers 97 102 94 NSD NSD 97 95 100
Grain Corn NSD 102 108 104 NSD 98 103 89
Source Management Plus Program MASC
Table 2: Relative Yields (2008 - 2012) Relative yield response (percent of average) of Manitoba crops sown on previous crops (stubble >120 acre)
Previous Crop
Crop Planted
Spring Wheat Barley Oats Canola Flax Soybeans
Sunflowers
Grain Corn
Winter Wheat 74 106 100 97 107 101 97 87
Spring Wheat 85 98 101 104 104 103 101 100
Barley 89 84 93 100 96 100 97 99
Oats 90 86 82 92 95 99 100 93
Canola 102 103 104 85 88 101 95 95
Flax 98 110 97 104 73 96 98 NSD
Soybeans 106 106 105 98 100 95 92 103
Sunflowers 99 102 96 NSD NSD 99 88 99
Grain Corn NSD 101 106 104 NSD 107 112 87
Source Management Plus Program MASC
Crop on Crop Frequency
Previous Crop
Crop Planted 2000-2012
frequency and average acres
Crop Planted 2008-2012
frequency and average acres
Soybeans Soybeans
Soybeans 13 % 15 %
Average Acres over Time Period 310,000 555,000
Fertility
Soil Test P Trends in Manitoba:% Testing <10 ppm Olsen STP
• P fertilization regardless of soil test P, P rate and Pplacement did not increase seed yield for soybean
• The probability of reduced stand from typicalagronomic rates of seed-placed P is small and therisk of reduced seed yields is even smaller
• Overall, seedrow placement of P for soybeans is asmall risk, with little, if any reward
Summary and Conclusions Short term effects of P fertilizer rate & placement
Gustavo Bardella, Don Flaten, and John Heard
Phosphorus should be managed through the rotation … not just on a single crop basis • What is the current soil P
level?– If excess, can draw down by
using only starter P– If near optimum, can balance
input and removal– If low, may want to build by
applying fertilizer or manure P in excess of crop removal
Soil P
Inoculants-Choices
• Liquid • Peat• Granular• Cheap insurance• Soybeans need 150-200 lbs/acre of N to
produce a 30 bushel/acre crop• What about fields that have had several
double inoculated soybean crops? Can I move to single inoculation?......stay tuned!!
What’s Missing from RootsSoybean fields with no history still need to be double inoculated
Southern NDRichland County
Ingrid Kristjanson MAFRD
Weed Control• Control weeds early - soybeans are poor
competitors with weeds when small.• Registered at first trifoliate but don’t wait if
weeds are a problem• Scout your fields before
and after spraying • Watch for weeds
not controlled by firstapplication.
Challenges to expansion- Rotation
Volunteer Canola Control in SoybeansPreplant/Preemergence Group TimingAuthority Charge 14 Pre-plant/pre-emergeBlackhawk 4 & 14 Pre-plantFlumioxazin (Valtera) 14 Pre-plant/pre-emergeFlexstar GT ** RRV 9 &14 Pre-plant/pre-emerge
Focus ( Aim, Pyroxasulfone) 14 & 15 Pre-plant/pre-emerge
Glyphosate Plus 9• Aim (CleanStart) 14 & 9 Pre-plant
• Tribenuron (Express SG) 2 & 9 Pre-plant
• Heat 14 & 9 Pre-plant/pre-emerge
Treflan, EC Rival & Metribuzin 3 & 5 Pre-plant/pre-emerge
Volunteer Canola Control in Soybeans
Post Emergence Group Timing
Basagran/Basagran Forte
6 After 1st trifoliate
Flexstar GT *Only inRRV
9 & 14 1st to 2nd trifoliate
Imazethapyr 2 Up to and including 3rd trifoliate
Odyssey 2 1st to 3rd trifoliate
Reflex*RRV & Basagran
14 & 6 1st to 2nd trifoliate
Viper ADV 2 & 6 Up to 3rd trifoliate
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diseases
Root Rot/Seedling Blight
• 4 major pathogens
• Management: Crop rotation, seed treatment, resistant cultivars
Pathogen Environment Notes
Pythium spp. Cold, wet soil Resistance not available
Phytophthora sojae Warm, wet soil Unique to soybeans, resistanceavailable, attack any stage
Rhizoctonia solani Warm, moist/wet Brick red colouration, resistance not available
Fusarium spp. Warm, dry/moist Partial resistance identified,current work by Deb McLaren (AAFC)
Kristen Podolsky MPGA
PhytophthoraRoot rot
• See PRR section of Variety Description Table in SEED MB, MPSG Pulse Evaluation Guide
• Matching up of GeneticResistance of Pathogen Strain
PredominateRACE
PRR
4* 1k
25 1c28 1c3 1c*Most Predominate
One of these Plants is not like the other
Roundup Ready-Sprayed with Glyphosate
Roundup Ready Soybeans-Sprayed with Dicamba
A soybean is no longer soybean• Extend
(Dicamba Tolerant)
• Liberty Link• Conventional• Roundup
Ready• Future 2-4D
Tolerant
Extend Soybeans 2017• Maturity/Yield- Has not been tested in MB
Provincial trials –Tested in company demo plots
• Pay close attention to droplet size, Large droplet size to reduce drift
• Triple rinse after spraying Dicamba Tolerant Beans
• Know your surroundings- Avoid drift to non target crops
SCN-Soybean Cyst Nematode
SCN Varieties-Seed Manitoba 2017
Imidacloprid Proposed Re-evaluation • Health Canada has published a Proposed Re-evaluation Decision for
imidacloprid for a 90-day consultation period.
• In some aquatic environments in Canada, imidacloprid is being measured at levels that are harmful to certain insect populations.
• Health Canada’s proposed risk management plan includes transitioning the agriculture industry away from using imidacloprid within three years, for most products.
• In some cases, where there are no alternative pest control products available, a longer phase-out period of five years is being proposed to allow for the development of new alternatives.
• Based on the findings of this re-evaluation, the Department is initiating special reviews for two other neonicotinoid pesticides, clothianidin and thiamethoxam, which are also being detected frequently in aquatic environments.
Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments in Field Crops in Canada
• Helix (T),* Gaucho (I), Prosper (C)----------------Canola, mustard
• Cruiser (T)--------------------------Corn, soybeans, cereals, pulse crops, sunflowers, potatoes
• Stress Shield (I)------------------- Cereals, soybeans, pulse crops
• Poncho (C) -----------------------Corn
• Alias (I)------------------------------ Cereals, soybeans, potatoes
• Titan (C), Actara (T), Admire (I), Grapple (I)----------Potatoes
* T=Thiamethoxam I=Imidacloprid C=Clothianidin
Summary-Can we hit 3 million Acres ?• Rotation, Rotation, Rotation• Monitor for field fertility not just soybean fertility• Weather- Temperature and moisture will play role in
expansion• Watch for resistance weed issue, catch it earlier• Other crops and commodity prices will a role in
soybean expansion• Soybeans are a profitable crop, lets keep it profitable
through management.
Not the only One .
Manitoba Crop land acresManitoba Crop land acres
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Changefrom 2015-2016
Totalcrop land 9,118,226 9,609,485 8,861,048 9,521,993 9,522,445RedSpring Wheat 2,146,338 2,625,703 2,173,514 2,497,375 2,194,479 ‐302,896 Argentine Canola 3,505,958 3,262,419 3,040,491 3,160,998 3,173,535 12,537 Soybeans 831,902 1,056,652 1,298,688 1,346,349 1,567,921 221,572
