CoolAutomation · · 2017-10-02INVERTER TECHNOLOGY GAINING MARKET SHARE © CoolAutomation. 2017 19 Integration of ... Wiring difference –5 vs 2, forcing use of logic-conflicting

1© CoolAutomation. 2017 1© CoolAutomation. 2017

+ CoolAutomation

TRAINING SESSION

HVAC Integration with Home Automation

September 7-9SAN DIEGO CONVENTION CENTER

2© CoolAutomation. 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Traditional HVAC

InverterHVAC

Integration with Inverter HVAC

Our Solutions

01 02 03 04


+ HVAC SYSTEM Types IntroductionTraditional HVAC

01A brief explanation about the different HVAC system types


TRADITIONAL HVAC SYSTEMSOVERVIEW

Small ScaleResidential Sector

Medium ScaleCommercial Sector

Large ScaleLarge-Commercial Sector

Chillers

Fan Coils (FCU)

Rooftops + VAV

Packaged / Self-Contained + VAV

Window

PTAC


HOW AN AIR CONDITIONER WORKS


Heat System

Fan Relay

Cool System

HOW TRADITIONAL HVAC THINKS ?

Y

G

W

Power Supply

Rc

Rh

The “Brains”Traditional HVAC 24v AC Control

& User Input


Traditional Thermostats

Non-Programmable 24v AC ControlR, C, Y1, Y2, W1, W2, P/O, G1, G2, G3Honeywell, AprilaireRaywallMarleyKingEtc...

TRADITIONAL HVAC WORLDCONTROLS

Smart Thermostats

Programmableand Smart with or without wifi

Honeywell, Nest, EcoBee,AprilaireEtc…

Controllers with BACNET

BMS integration


Inverter HVAC

02






ChillersMulti-Split (Inverter / Non-Inverter)

VRV/VRF (Inverter)Mini-Split (Inverter)

Fan Coils (FCU)

Rooftops + VAV


Window

PTAC


Multi-zoneOperation

Multiple air handlers Usually one Unit per zone

INVERTER HVAC - INTRO

Inverter Motor Technology

Variable speed of the compressor motor instead of the traditional On/Off HVAC operation

And Refrigerant based coolant

Internal Communication

Each Brand has it’s proprietary built-in communication system

Variety of indoor unit types

Wall mounted, Ducted, Cassettes, in–wall, Standing, etc’


Inverter Compressor

Allows lowering power consumption with partial cooling/heating loads.

SPLIT (MINISPLIT)SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Communication

Remote Control Line (RC) (For original wired remote)

IR (Infra Red)(no 2 way integration available (no feedback! )

High Voltage Communication (outdoor – indoors)

Single Air Handlers

Multiple Air Handlers (indoor units) on the same refrigerant loop / circuit.

Cooling & Heating

Both air-conditioning modes available, “Cooling Only” and “Heat Pump”

Wall Mounted

IR Remote

Indoor Units

Outdoor Unit(Up to 1 Indoor Unit)

Refrigerant Pipe

Remote Control

Communication


Inverter Compressor


MULTI-SPLIT SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Refrigerant only

— Where refrigerant is the only coolant material in the system (in contrary to the chilled water systems, where refrigerant is used for cooling/heating the water that is circulated throughout the whole system).

Cooling & Heating

Multiple Air Handlers


ModularExpandability

Especially good for large projects, that can grow in stages

Cassette

Ducted

Ceiling

Wall Mounted

Floor Standing

Wired Thermostat

IR Remote

Indoor UnitsOutdoor Unit

(Up to 10 Indoor Units)

Refrigerant Pipe

Remote Control

Communication


Refrigerant Pipe

Remote Control

Communication

Inverter Compressor


VRV/VRFSYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Refrigerant only

— Where refrigerant is the only coolant material in the system (in contrary to the chilled water systems, where refrigerant is used for cooling/heating the water that is circulated throughout the whole system).

Multiple Air Handlers


ModularExpandability

Especially good for large projects, that can grow in stages

Cassette

Ducted

Ceiling

Wall Mounted

Floor Standing

Ancillary Units

Wired Thermostat

IR Remote

Outdoor Unit(Up to 64 Indoor Units)


VRV/VRFSYSTEM TYPES

Heat Recovery systems

The most sophisticated ones, where cooling and heating may be available by each indoor unit, independently, at the same time.

Heat Pump systems(most popular)

All the indoor units can either heat, or cool (not at the same time). Fan and Dry modes are available for each indoor unit independently.

Cooling only systems

Heating is not available. Fan and Dry modes are available for each indoor unit independently.


Local Controls

Wired Remote ControlIR Remote Control

VRFCONTROLS

Centralized Controllers

Gateways

BMS integration

BACnetLONMODBus

PC Software


HOW INVERTER HVAC THINKS ?

Inverter HVAC User InputThe “Brains”


BETTER, FASTER, CHEAPER!

70%

Non Inverter (Traditional

HVAC)

Inverter

Energy ConsumptionSaves up to30%

Longer lifespan

Constant operation, no on-off operation, lower wear & tear

Temperature Comfort

Room temperature fluctuation is minimal, +/-0.5 deg.

Lower Noise Levels

The noisy outdoor unit is outside the house

Lower Power Consumption

Due to continuous operation can work in partial loads.No startup peaks .



INVERTER TECHNOLOGY GAINING MARKET SHARE


Integration ofInverter HVAC

03


THE DIFFERENCES IN THINKING

Traditional HVAC Logic

Logic is Inside the Smart ThermostatInverter HVAC Logic

Logic is Inside the Smart Indoor & Outdoor

User Input

Logic “Smarts”

User Input

Logic “Smarts”

User defines his targets and analyses the results of the operation

User indicates his targets and the system responds by the cool/heat operation, in the process analyzing own performance.


THE VRF CHALLENGE FOR SMART THERMOSTATS

“So, hey, why don’t I use those nice looking and “smart thermostats” with these “smart” air-conditioning systems?!”

The system is already “smart”, not designed to accept a non-native additional “brain”

Operation logic fundamental difference by design - no Modulation algorithm, just On/Off

Feature set is a subset of the system’s features and functions

One-way “mis”-communication – no feedback, hence, no real control loop

Wiring difference – 5 vs 2, forcing use of logic-conflicting solutions, hence, degradation (digital I/O’s vs communication protocols


THE IMPORTANCE OF FEEDBACK IN HVAC INTEGRATION

“One-way” communication Two-way communication

One-way communication is a basic “send & forget” control method:- Open control loop due to lack of feedback- No real-time monitoring - Inability to handle events & errors

As a result – insufficient to implement an integrated and automated system

Two-way communication is fundamental for control systems:- Commands are acknowledged, can repeat upon failure- System status (on demand or periodic): state (on/off), set point temperature, mode (cool/heat/fan/auto), fan speed, etc.- Events or errors notified - malfunction codes, filter reset sign, room temperature, etc.

The VRF air-conditioning system is open of integration with an automated system


Unit 101

Unit 102

Unit 103

Unit 104

Unit 105

Unit 106

CENTRALIZED CONTROL REQUIRES ADDRESS LOGIC

The VRF HVAC system appears as a “closed-loop” communication network, where all indoors can be considered as “clients”.


Central Control Module

Uniquely addressed Indoor Units (“clients”)

Setting units’ addresses is part of the HVAC installation.

Prior to beginning of the integration process, the integrator should obtain a list of addresses of the Indoor units and the corresponding room (space).


Unit 101

Unit 104

AMBIENT TEMPERATURE SENSING

Ambient Temperature can be measured from the Indoor unit or from the local wired thermostat controller.

Quite frequently, the facility owner prefers clean walls, no thermostats – remote sensors will need to be used, their readings fed into the integrated system – even by removing the Wired Remote Control with its sensor, the indoor unit still has its own sensor.

Important for precise and fastest way to reach the desired comfort temperature.


THE DIFFERENCES IN CONTROLS – THE REAL CHALLENGE

Traditional HVAC

Predominantly one-way commandsInverter HVACA communication exchange between external devices and HVAC systems components

User Input

Logic “Smarts”

User Input

External Systems

PLC, Computer

Multiple options:

ModbusBACnetLONKNX


Monitoring & Control

Those are the parameters that can be controlled and monitored for each indoor unit independently:

Control Parameters Monitoring parameters (feedback)

Operation state (on/off) Operation State (on/off)

Operation mode (Cool/Heat/Fan/Dry/Auto)*Auto mode is only available for heat recovery systems

Operation mode (Cool/Heat/Fan/Dry/Auto)*Auto mode is only available for heat recovery systems

Set point temperature Set point temperature

Fan speed (high/medium/low/auto)

Fan speed (high/medium/low/auto)

Room temperature

Error code (if any)

Filter sign notification

TIPS FOR HVAC INTEGRATION


Changing HVAC mode

Heat/Cool/Fan/Dry/Auto

TIPS FOR HVAC INTEGRATION (CONT’D)

Consideration Action)

There is a difference between the various manufacturers on how the modes are changed. In order to make a common procedure, there is a set of actions to be carried out:

All indoor units should be turned off

Mode change command should be sent to all the indoors in the defined VRF system.


Support Malfunction Codes

Be aware when a malfunction code appears in the VRF system

TIPS FOR HVAC INTEGRATION (CONT’D)

Consideration Action

When an error code notification appears on the HVAC wired remote, it should show via Home Automation as well (so that the HVAC installer may handle and resolve the issue).

The indoor unit can still be turned on/off, the fan speed might work, but the led on the wired remote will blink, and the whole HVAC system will not function properly (won’t cool or heat). At this point system may not accept any command from Home Automation


CoolAutomationSolutions

04






ChillersMulti-Split (Inverter / Non-Inverter)

VRV/VRF (Inverter)Mini-Split (Inverter)

Fan Coils (FCU)

Rooftops + VAV


Window

PTAC


WE GOT YOU COVERED

Multi-Split & Mini-Split

CoolPlug + CooLinkHUB

VRV / VRF

CoolMasterNet

Chillers & Packaged

CooLinkBridge


3rd party Apps & APIsweb API to connect with great services providers & Apps.

COOLAUTOMATION SOLUTIONS INTEGRATED VIEW

Multi—HVAC systemsConnect, monitor and control multiple HVAC system types.

Multi-device supportCoolMasterNet, CooLinkNet and OEM bridges, provide realtimetwo-way data link to HVAC systems via the Cloud.

CoolRemote cloudAccess to HVAC data, analytics from thousands of devices. All communications are secure and respectful to end-customer privacy.

CoolRemote AppCoolRemote, a simple cross-platform App to control and monitor Air Conditioning systems remotely.

HVAC


NEST WORKS WITH VRF!

VRF system

CoolMasterNet

VRF support:NEST thermostats wired to 24V power supply and connected to Nest cloud via WiFi.Nest’s send commands thru Nest cloud to CoolRemote cloud and on via the CoolMasterNet to the VRF units.

NEST API


Hospitality, Multi-Dwelling

Main controls and service

Remote Control

NestBMSHome Automation

BRIDGING FOR INTEGRATION BETWEEN ADVANCED SYSTEMS


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Documents

CoolAutomation · · 2017-10-02INVERTER TECHNOLOGY GAINING MARKET SHARE © CoolAutomation. 2017 19 Integration of ... Wiring difference –5 vs 2, forcing use of logic-conflicting