Catalog of Technical Courses and Resources · Risk Management – S3040 ... Aviation Blvd. at 2401 E. El Segundo Blvd. Enter from the east side of the building and take the elevator

Catalog of Technical

Courses and Resources

The Aerospace Institute serves as the key learning and knowledge-sharing resource of The

Aerospace Corporation. It coordinates education, training, and staff development activities

at the corporation. The Institute operates the Charles E. Lauritsen Library, which is

responsible for information research and archive resources of the corporation. It also

manages The Aerospace Press, which publishes Aerospace-developed educational

materials. The Institute fosters an environment that promotes continuing learning--

knowledge acquisition--for all. By making learning an integral, ongoing part of everyone's

career, we help employees deliver maximum value to our customers and help to ensure

space mission success.

The Institute supports the corporate vision to be the leading architect of the country's

national-security space program and a principal technical resource for programs of

national significance. The Institute's charter and accountabilities provide a foundation for

the corporate values of Dedication to Mission Success, Commitment to Our People,

Technical Excellence, Objectivity, and Integrity. In particular, the Institute's primary role is

to support the corporation's commitment to maintain and improve our world-class

workforce. We provide a great variety of learning opportunities and a broad curriculum of technical education, training, and personal

development courses and programs. We also manage a full range of electronic and print-based information resources, including our own

library and press.

I encourage you to browse this catalog to learn more about the Institute, the role it plays within the corporation, and the specific products and

services it offers. Visit us often and be a life-long learner.

Marilee J. WheatonExecutive Director

The Aerospace Institute

From the Executive Director…

Catalog of Technical Courses and Resources

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Table of Contents

About the Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Directory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Classroom Maps and Loctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Space/Technical Education Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Participation and Registration Guidelines for Customers of The Aerospace Corporation . . . . . . . . .9Participation and Registration Guidelines for Space Professional Public . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Space Systems Orientations and Overviews

Defense and Intelligence Systems Acquisition Overview – S1030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Ground Systems Overview – S4000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Launch Systems Overview – S4120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Space Systems Overview – T7240 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Space Systems Architecting/Engineering/Acquisition Management

Systems Architecture and NetworkingArchitecture Design and Evaluation – S4625 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Architecture Frameworks – S4620 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Art and Science of Systems Architecting – S4600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Boltzmann Brains, Turing Machines, and Other Kinds of Thinkers – S4850. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Decision Analysis and Decision Making – S4835 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Denial, Deception, and Disinformation in Modern Warfare – S4650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Dynamics of Aggregated Systems – S4825 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Envisioning Potential Futures: Forecasts, Scenarios, and Visions – S4641 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17Introduction to Systems Architecting – S4605 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Net-Centricity Introduction – S4670 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Protecting the Space Lanes – S4910 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Robotics on the Battlefield: UAS, AGV, and Terminators – S4635 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Space Protection Awareness – S4905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Survey of Space Policy – S4700. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Theories of Conflict and Combat Effectiveness – S4645 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Theory of Games and Conflict Analysis – S4642. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Systems EngineeringBasics of Systems Engineering – S2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Concept Development – S2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Space Systems Design – S2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Space Systems Development, Integration, and Test – S2030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Space Systems Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis – S3038 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Space Systems Operations – S2040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Systems Acquisition Management and ProgrammaticsCost Analysis – S4325 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Earned Value Management – S4340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Program Measurement Workshop – T8200. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Program Office Data and Controls Introduction – S3020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Program Office Roles and Processes Introduction – S3010. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Requirements and Modeling – S3035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27Requirements Engineering Management – S3030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Risk Management – S3040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

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Smarter Buyer 1: Industry Perspective – S4350 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Smarter Buyer 2: Knowledge-Based Technical Management – S4351. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Space Systems Test Management – S3060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Space Systems Testing – S3065 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Space Vehicle Reliability – S3045. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise

Communication Systems and TechnologyDigital Communications and Spread Spectrum – T2030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Modern Communications Introduction – T2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Principles of Space Communications – T2040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Spectrum Management Principles Introduction – T2050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33Spread Spectrum Systems – T2035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Computer and Software Systems and TechnologyCapability Maturity Model® Integration for Development (CMMI-DEV), V1.2 – S4452 . . . . . . . . . 35Software Architecture and Application to Space Systems – S4440. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35Space Systems Software Acquisition Management – S4460 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Space Systems Software Product Development – S4470 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Space Systems Software Project Management – S4430 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Navigation Systems and TechnologyGlobal Positioning System Introduction – S4210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Science, Engineering, and Technology SpecialtiesAdaptive Signal Processing – T2135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Applied Orbit Perturbations and Maintenance – T7200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39Collocation and Collision Avoidance Strategies for Geostationary Satellites – T1050. . . . . . . . . . . 40Electromagnetic Effects of Natural Lightning on Ground and Space Launch Operations – T1170 . . . 40Evolutionary Computation for Design, Innovation, and Problem Solving – S4660 . . . . . . . . . . . . 41Key Enabling Space Technologies – T1060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Orbital Mechanics: Principles and Applications – T7211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42Parts, Materials, and Processes (PMP) – T8210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Quality for Space Applications – T5000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Space Environment and Spacecraft Environmental Hazards – T1160 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption Introduction – T6050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44Why Satellites Fail – Lessons for Mission Success – T7300. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Security Systems and TechnologyCryptography: Theory and Practice – T4220. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Information Assurance for Space System Acquisition – T4230 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Information Assurance Technology – T4231 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Sensing Systems and TechnologyIR Systems and Technology – T3120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Technical Education Resources

Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51Crosslink Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Educational Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Advisory Services and Curriculum Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Professional Papers and Technical Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Directory

Classroom Maps and Locations

A B O U T T H E I N S T I T U T E

About the Institute

The Aerospace Institute promotes employee learning and knowledge sharing that enhances the capabilities of the corporation in its role as a national center for space technology, systems architecture, acquisition, and engineering. As part of this effort, the Institute operates the Learning Systems Center, the Library and Information Resources Center, Leadership and Business Skills Development Center, Space Professional Development support, Business Operations Center, and The Aerospace Press. In an addition to its technical courses and knowledge resources, the Institute also contributes to technical knowledge sharing for custom-ers and the broader community through participation in national space, science, and engineering confer-ences and by the publication of engineering and scientific information through The Aerospace Press.

The Institute also contributes to the development of technical awareness and business acumen in the cus-tomer population and the broader space community through its other organizations: the Business Operations Center and The Aerospace Press.

The Business Operations Center oversees Institute internal operations and supports externally focused educational activities and outreach programs. The center administers corporate educational assis-tance programs and manages corporate affiliations and educational outreach activities with major universi-ties across the United States.

The Leadership and Business Skills Development Center provides courses that orient employees to the corporate culture and business functions of Aerospace, with programs, courses and career develop-ment guides, to develop critical skills in the areas of business professional effectiveness, management and leadership.

The Learning Systems Center offers programs, courses, and supporting resources that meet numerous corporate objectives for workforce professional development, knowledge capture/dissemination, and techni-cal/functional job support for Aerospace employees and key national security space customers. Technical programs and courses address many subjects associated with fundamental principles and state-of-the-art developments in systems architecting, space systems acquisition management, space systems engineering, and space-related technologies/engineering disciplines. Augmenting the center's diverse curriculum of in-house, instructor led courses is a wide range of educational resources that include self-paced computer-based training courses, downloadable tutorials and study guides, computing and information technology, special learning events.

The Library and Information Resources Center includes the Charles C. Lauritsen Library, the Chantilly Technical Library, the Technical Intelligence Research Center and Corporate Memory Resources. The center offers a full range of information services to employees at all Aerospace locations. Its collections provide a wide range of electronic and print resources including more than 100,000 books, 200,000 techni-cal reports, 600 journals and an array of full text and bibliographic electronic resources focused on aero-space technology, physical and applied sciences, systems engineering, and business management. The center maintains a Professional Papers Database that is available to the general space community at https://aeroweb.aero.org/p_dir/propaprscat.nsf/title?openview&Check=Next&count=10&Start=1. The database is a bibliography of journal articles and conference papers authored by Aerospace employees and available to the public.

The Aerospace Press is the corporation’s publishing arm and publishes technical and historical informa-tion in book, magazine, and Web formats. In partnership with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), the Press publishes books that showcase Aerospace technical expertise. Recent publi-cations include Spacecraft Collision Probability; Communication Satellites, 5th edition; International Launch Site Guide, 2nd edition; and the Spacecraft Thermal Control Handbook series. The Aerospace Press also administers the corporate oral history program and produces Crosslink, an award-winning magazine that highlights Aerospace technical achievements. All Press publications are written by the corporation’s technical staff.

Access the Institute’s Web site at:www.aero.org/education/tai/

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Directory

The Aerospace Institute

Executive Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.1220

Learning Systems

Principal Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.1220

Customer Space Professional Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.0472

Technical Education, Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.5665

Technical Learning Operations, Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.5665

Washington Operations, Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571.307.7320

Library and Information Resources

Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.6093

General Information / Reference Desk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.6736

Institute Business Operations Center

University Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.1972

The Aerospace Press

Crosslink Magazine, Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.2109

Customer Courses

Space and Missile Systems Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.653.1355

National Reconnaissance Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571.307.7320

Air Force Space Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719.375.6163

Public Courses

Course Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.5665

Registration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310.336.2953

For general information, call 310.336.5213

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Classroom Maps and Locations

On-site courses are offered in El Segundo, CA; Colorado Springs, CO; and Chantilly, VA.

El Segundo, CA

Most courses are taught on the fifth floor of building D9, located on the northeast corner of El Segundo Blvd. and Aviation Blvd. at 2401 E. El Segundo Blvd. Enter from the east side of the building and take the elevator to the fifth floor. Maps showing the location of specific classrooms are posted on walls just inside doors from the elevator lobby. Visitors should use directory information and phones pro-vided near badge readers for access.

Use phone and refer to posted list in 5th floor elevator lobby

Colorado Springs, CO

Courses taught in Colorado Springs are offered in the Aerospace regional office, located at 7250 Getting Heights, Colorado Springs, CO 80916-4931.

Phone: 719.375.6163

Chantilly, VA

Most Institute courses offered in Chantilly, VA, are held in room 6A (Room 6149) on the sixth floor of Greens I, located at 15049 Conference Center Dr. Take the elevator to the sixth floor. The classroom is located right next to the elevators.

Phone: 571.307.7320

El Segundo Blvd.Av

iati

on B

lvd.

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S p a c e / Te c h n i c a l E d u c a t i o n C o u r s e s

Participation and Registration Guidelines




S p a c e / Te c h n i c a l E d u c a t i o n C o u r s e s

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Space/Technical Education Courses

The Aerospace Institute offers a wide range of space-related courses for customers of The Aerospace Corporation and members of the space professional community to provide knowledge and capabilities vital to the development and performance of U.S. space missions. In addition, courses present technical and relevant nontechnical perspectives to allow government and contractor professionals to deal effectively with the rapidly changing space-acquisition environment. Taught by Aerospace Corporation technical experts, courses provide instruction in the fundamentals of space technologies and engineering in 10 specific categories, in three major groupings.


Courses at this level are especially beneficial to newcomers —those with little or no background in space systems. They provide an overview of the workings and management of space systems.

Systems Orientations and Overviews


Each of these three disciplines addresses space systems at a high level. There are a series of courses in each of them, combined to give a full understanding of the overall discipline. The courses in these categories are intended for those who need to look across several technologies. They go into some depth of the discipline without being technology specific.

Systems Architecture and NetworkingSystems Engineering

Systems Acquisition Management and Programmatics


These courses are beneficial to generalists as well as subject-matter experts. Courses in this category enhance critical technical knowledge and skills. They address state-of-the-art issues in space and space-related missions and systems, and they provide detailed information and specific competencies. Sequences of technical specialty courses may be planned to develop specific career paths.

Communication Systems and TechnologyComputer and Software Systems and Technology

Navigation Systems and TechnologyScience, Engineering, and Technology Specialties

Security Systems and TechnologySensing Systems and Technology

Course descriptions indicate those courses that have been cleared for external release and are open to the general space professional community. Please review carefully the specific guidelines that pertain to either customer or space professional public attendees.

For current schedule of courses see: http://www.aero.org/education/tai/customercourses.html

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PARTICIPATIONThe Aerospace Institute courses are primarily designed to meet the learn-ing and professional development needs of Aerospace employees. Eligible Aerospace customers, including active duty military and government civilians, may participate in any of the courses listed in this catalog, but their attendance is limited to 20 percent of class capacity unless arranged otherwise. Non Aerospace Corporation customers interested in attending Institute courses should consult the Participation and Registration Guidelines for the Space Professional Public. For further details regarding eligibility please call: 310.336.5665 (West Coast) or 571.307.7320 (East Coast).

REGISTRATION/ENROLLMENT PROCESSTo register for courses, obtain a copy of the registration form on The Aerospace Corporation Web site at http://www.aero.org/education/tai/cus-tomercourses.html. Provide all requested information and mail or fax to the appropriate office.

SMC Customer Registration:Completed forms may be mailed to the SMC Systems Acquisition Training Office, Attn: Training Administrator, M/S: SMC/PIO, 483 North Aviation Blvd., EI Segundo, CA 90245-2808. Registration forms may also be faxed to the Systems Acquisition Training Office, Attn: Training Administrator, SMC/PIO at 310.653.1370.

Non-SMC Customer Registration:Completed forms may be mailed or faxed to:Washington D.C. area:Mail: The Aerospace Corporation,15049 Conference Center Drive, M/S: CH1/630, Chantilly, VA 20151Fax: 571.307.1734EI Segundo and all other Aerospace regional sites:Mail: The Aerospace Corporation, P.O. Box 92957, M/S: M3/432 Los Angeles, CA 90009-2957Fax: 310.336.0167

ENROLLMENT CONFIRMATIONEnrollment confirmation (via letter, email, or voicemail) will be sent to all participants. Please call 310.653.1355 (for SMC) or 310.336.5504 (all oth-ers) if you have not received a confirmation and want to check on the sta-tus of your enrollment.

LATE ENROLLMENTSLate enrollments are accepted on a space-available basis.

CLASS SIZE AND ALTERNATESOnce the 20-percent capacity has been reached, customer applicants are designated as alternates. If class capacity allows or the attendance limita-tion is waived, alternates may be moved up to enrolled status. If there is significant interest in a course listed in the catalog, but not currently scheduled, or the 20-percent attendance limitation proves too constrain-ing, a special offering may be negotiated between The Aerospace Institute and Aerospace customer support offices.

SCHEDULE CHANGESThe Aerospace Institute course coordinator or the appropriate government training office (e.g., SMC System Acquisition Training Office) will notify enrolled students of any changes to the published schedule. Occasionally new classes are added during the year. Such additions will be publicized on the Institute's Web site, government training office bulletins or announcements, and/or through email.

COURSE COMPLETION CRITERIAIn order to receive credit for course completion, students are required to attend a minimum of 80 percent of the classroom sessions. In addition, they must meet any other course requirements, e.g., completion of exercis-es, out briefs, case studies, homework, exams, and delivery of a completed course evaluation form. Determination of course completion status is made by The Aerospace Institute and the lead instructor and/or instructor team.

TRANSCRIPTSAn official record of student participation in Institute courses, including title, date, and course hours, will be provided upon request.

Participation and Registration Guidelines for Customers of The Aerospace Corporation

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PARTICIPATIONA selected subset of courses offered to Aerospace staff and customers has been cleared for external release and is open to members of the broader space professional community. Each course has an established attendance fee based on the course length. Requirement for U.S. citizenship is depen-dent upon venue restrictions.

REGISTRATION/ENROLLMENT PROCESSAdvance registration for public attendees is required. U.S. citizens can register as late as the day prior to the course if space is available. Non-U.S. citizens who are permanent residents must contact the registrar as soon as possible to obtain specific registration instructions. To register for courses, obtain a copy of the registration/purchase form from The Aerospace Cor-poration Website at http://www.aero.org/education/tai/publiccourses.html. Each attendee must register on a separate form. Photocopies of the regis-tration form are acceptable. Read the training course terms and conditions carefully, provide all requested enrollment and payment information, and mail or fax to The Aerospace Institute.

Mail: The Aerospace CorporationRegistrarP.O. Box 92957Mail Station: M3/028Los Angeles, CA 90009-2957Fax: 310.563.2587

ENROLLMENT CONFIRMATIONEnrollment confirmation (via letter, email, or voicemail) will be sent to all registrants. If you have not received confirmation at least 10 workdays prior to the first day of class, contact the registrar at 310.336.2953.

LATE ENROLLMENTSLate enrollments are accepted on a space-available basis up to the day prior to the first day of a course.

CLASS LOGISTICSAttendance is typically limited to 30 students. Registration begins one- half hour prior to start time of the course. Course hours are usually 7:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. for courses held in EI Segundo, CA. Normal course hours for classes delivered at regional locations are 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. Picture iden-tification is required for access onto The Aerospace Corporation property. Morning coffee/tea is included. Attendees are responsible for providing their own lunch, accommodations, and transportation.

SCHEDULE CHANGESThe course coordinator or the registrar will notify enrolled students of any changes to the published schedule. Additional offerings or new classes may be added during the year. These will be publicized on The Aerospace Corporation Website.

COURSE COMPLETION CRITERIATo receive credit for course completion, students are required to attend a minimum of 80 percent of the classroom sessions. In addition, they must meet any other course requirements, e.g., completion of exercises, out briefs, case studies, homework, exams, and delivery of a completed course evaluation form. Determination of course completion status is made by The Aerospace Institute and the lead instructor and/or instructor team. Transcripts are available upon request.

REQUESTS FOR SPECIAL SESSIONSIf there is significant interest in a particular course from one organization or contractor, a special offering may be negotiated with The Aerospace Institute. Requests for special sessions of public courses are considered for delivery either at The Aerospace Institute facilities or another selected site. Prices are based on customer needs and requirements. Contact the Aerospace Institute for more information.

CANCELLATIONSubstitutions of attendees (U.S. citizens only) may be made as late as the day of the course. Cancellations received more than 30 days before the course date will receive a full refund; cancellations received between 30 days and 14 days prior to the course date are subject to an administra-tive fee of $50; cancellations received less than 14 days of the course date will receive a 50-percent refund. In the event of insufficient registration or circumstances beyond its control, The Aerospace Corporation reserves the right to cancel any course. Attendees will be notified immediately. Please keep this in mind when making travel arrangements. The Aerospace Corporation is not responsible for expenses incurred because of course cancellation. Upon cancellation by The Aerospace Corporation, a full refund of tuition will be issued.

COURSE MATERIALSCourse participants will receive a complete set of instructor notes and any supplementary material. The Aerospace Corporation owns the copyright to all course materials prepared by The Aerospace Institute, the corpora-tion's educational division. Materials (including instructor notes and any supplemental material received) may not be reproduced, retransmitted, or otherwise redistributed by any person or entity in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of The Aerospace Corporation.

Participation and Registration Guidelines for Space Professional Public

11


SpaceLaunchGround

Space Systems Architecting/ Engineering/Acquisition

ManagementArchitecting and Networking

Engineering Acquisition Management and

Programmatics

Technical Depth and Functional ExpertiseCommunication Systems

Computer and Software Systems

Navigation Systems

Science, Engineering, and Technology Specialties

Security Systems

Sensing Systems

Initial awareness and overview

Addresses spacesystems at a high

level withoutbeing technology

specific

In-depth knowledge and

application

For current schedule of courses see: http://www.aero.org/education/tai/documents/FFRDCSched.pdf

12

Defense and Intelligence Systems Acquisition Overview Course No: S1030

How You Will Benefit:

• Learn the DoD and NRO processes for program planning, budget-ing, architecting, systems engineering, and acquisition

• Learn the DoD and Intelligence Community organizations, authori-ties, and governing documents related to space systems acquisi-tion

• Learn the origin of information and operational needs that drive the architectures and acquisitions

• Identify key trends and issues that shape acquisition and its asso-ciated processes

Overview:

This course provides an overview of the activities and processes used by the DoD and NRO in the acquisition of space systems.

• Defense and Intelligence communities/organizations

• Congressional funding and departmental/agency program plan-ning (budgeting)

• End-users information and operational needs

• Architecture scope and decisions about needed capabilities and systems

• System and capability trades

This course is focused on big-picture concepts of “why things are done” rather than “how things are done.” It is not a “cookbook” course or an acquisition-process. Other courses are available for tighter focus on the acquisition processes.

Topics Include:

• Associated DoD and the intelligence community organizations

• Acquisition management (NSS 03-01; DoD 5000, NRO Directive-7)

• Program and capabilities development

• Budgeting

• Systems engineering

• Architecture development

Target Audience: Newcomers to acquisition and those seeking cur-rent acquisition knowledge about their own customer (DoD or NRO) or preparing themselves to operate in the other environment; mem-bers of program office teams responsible for developing, conducting, or influencing a program or project

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Ground Systems Overview Course No: S4000


• Increase basic knowledge of ground systems, (e.g., terminology, functions, architectures, subsystems, and concepts of operations)

• Develop an awareness of the resources available, at Aerospace, and lessons learned for supporting ground systems acquisition and development

• Become exposed to a variety of current and emerging ground sys-tems architectures and develop an appreciation for the major driv-ers/factors that influence their design, development, and opera-tions

Overview:

This course is a basic overview of the primary elements of satellite ground systems, their major elements, and Aerospace support capa-bilities (discussion of launch systems and operations are not includ-ed).

Topics Include:

• Overview

• Basic functions and concept of operations

• Ground system elements and subsystems

• Architecture drivers, design considerations, and tools

• Trends

Target Audience: Those who seek to understand ground systems who are new to Aerospace, new to space, or unfamiliar with ground systems

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None


13

Launch Systems Overview Course No: S4120


• Increase basic knowledge of launch vehicle principles; subsystem design/trades; and launch base operations

• Become familiar with current and emerging launch systems (EELV) and understand how Aerospace systems engineering support enhances mil-itary access to space

• Obtain corporate knowledge through “lessons-learned” case studies

• Understand corporate tools and staffing

Overview:

This course covers the basics of how launch vehicles work, basic compo-nent functions, reviews alternative launch vehicle families, provides a cat-alog of launch facilities, and reviews more advanced concepts of opera-tions. It also covers the Aerospace role and lessons learned. New launch vehicle developments will be highlighted.

Topics Include:

• Orientation to launch vehicles; missions; components, operations, and supporting systems

• How launch vehicles are used

• Different types of launch vehicles

• Launch facilities

• Launch vehicle as a system and components

• Understanding launch vehicle performance, trades, and issues

• Identify launch vehicle resources: corporate, documents, guides, sites, books, and other courses

Target Audience: Individuals who seek to better understand launch vehicles

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Space Systems Overview Course No: T7240


• Gain a basic understanding of the elements of space systems

• Understand the history of space systems and their applications

• Gain exposure to the key subsystems and their interactions

• Be provided a technical orientation to some of the major space systems supported by Aerospace

Overview:

This course provides a basic overview of the primary elements of space systems, their major elements, and Aerospace support capabilities.

Topics Include:

• Space systems history

• Space environment

• Astrodynamics

• Mission types

• Spacecraft

• Payloads

• Launch systems

• Mission operations and ground systems

• Programmatics

Target Audience: Those who seek to understand space systems and are new to Aerospace, new to space, or unfamiliar with space systems

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None


14

Space Systems Architecting/Engineering/Acquisition Management Systems Architecture and Networking

Architecture Design and Evaluation Course No: S4625


• Understand the application of the Architecture Development Process (ADP) to customer support tasks

• Learn how to utilize common architecting design and evaluation methods in support of National Security Space (NSS) planning and acquisition activities

• Gain an introduction to various tools and methods of ADP appli-cation to space systems and the system-of-systems to which they contribute

Overview:

This course provides program and engineering support analysts with increased awareness and understanding of and facility with architec-ture design and evaluation methods, tools and uses. Emphasis is on high-level System-of-Systems (SoS) design and evaluation including space, air, and ground systems.

Topics Include:

• Architecture terminology and definitions

• An Architecture Design Process

• System-of-systems effectiveness methods and tools

• System and system-of-systems cost analyses

Target Audience: Planners, architects, and system program man-agers and analysts supporting National Security Space customers

Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: None

Architecture Frameworks Course No: S4620


• Understand the Department of Defense (DoD) Architecture Framework (DoDAF) process

• Understand the three basic DoDAF views (operational, system, and technical), view interfaces, and their related processes

• Gain an overview of various tools and means of the framework’s application with respect to space systems and the architectures to which they contribute

Overview:

This course provides program and engineering support analysts with increased awareness and understanding of various customer archi-tecture framework features.

Topics Include:

• Architecture and frameworks terminology

• Principal architecture views

• Architecture description products

• Methods of application involving space systems

• Principal tools and techniques for space systems assessment

Target Audience: Planners, architects, and system program man-agers and analysts supporting National Security Space customers

Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: None

15

Art and Science of Systems Architecting (Public) Course No: S4600


• Learn a range of definitions of architecture and the architect's role

• Know the history of architects in successful systems and methods for integrating soft or heuristic rigorous approaches

• Learn about systems engineering models and their relationship to architecture

• Know the role of architecture and architecting in emerging sys-tems-of-systems

• Learn strategies for managing architecture and architects and apply training

Overview:

This course provides an understanding of the core ideas of systems architecting. It lays out the models and views used in architecting and specifically examines applications to distributed system-of-sys-tems. Case studies demonstrating the architect's role are featured.

Topics Include:

• Definitions and basics: what are architects, architectures, and architecting

• Architecting methods: how to develop an architecture

• Architecture description: representing architectures through models

• Categories of systems and information technology example

• The architect's relationships

Target Audience: Those involved in systems architecting

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Boltzmann Brains, Turing Machines, and Other Kinds of Thinkers Course No: S4850


• Appreciate the nature of artificial intelligence and how it relates to natural intelligence (both human and animal)

• Learn what the future may hold for the development and uses of artificially intelligent “thinking” agents

Overview:

We are surrounded by thinking devices of various sorts and intelli-gence. But what do we actually mean by “thinking” and how does the “thinking” of machines differ from that of humans?

What about the intelligence of animals and how is it related to that of humans? As our engineering efforts to develop artificial intelli-gences move forward, we increasingly find that solutions to prob-lems found by nature in the course of evolutionary history can be useful models for engineered systems.

The simplest forms of artificial digital “thinking” devices are proba-bly logic circuits and Turing machines, both of which form an essen-tial foundation for artificial intelligence and will be discussed. However, analog devices (such as thermostats) demonstrate a rudi-mentary form of thinking also, and they are designed using totally different principles that constitute more representative models of the operation of natural “thinking” systems in animals and humans than do digital systems.

In this course we will examine the development of our understand-ing of both natural and artificial “thinking” and its current status. We will also explore the several different types of “thinkers” that have been engineered or found to exist in nature. Technologies being explored for future “thinking machines” will also be surveyed.

Topics Include:

• Early history and foundations of artificial intelligence

• The simplest “thinkers” known

• Contemporary artificial intelligence efforts

• Biological thinkers: DNA, animal, and human

• Quantum computers and the universe as a computation

• Implications of artificial super-human thinkers

Target Audience: Those interested in the concepts and current state of artificial intelligence

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


16

Decision Analysis and Decision Making Course No: S4835


• Appreciate the theories of Rational Decision Making (RDM), its historical roots, and application in the Air Force Analysis of Alternatives (AOA) process

• Learn the problems encountered in conducting and supporting decision analysis (leading up to decision making employing these rational techniques)

Overview:

Decision-making is one of the basic human skills that we all have to learn to get along successfully in modern society. Beginning in the 1950s and ‘60s a group of investigators began to ask how we can make better decisions, and more importantly, just what we mean by a "good" or "bad" decision. They were concerned with decision-making in business and defense in particular where the outcomes could have substantial impact on the success or failure of large, expensive projects.

The result of this investigation was a framework for decision analy-sis and decision-making called "rational decision making" (RDM) in general, and "rational choice theory" in economics. The RDM framework was implemented in several application areas, in particu-lar in defense decision-making, where it has gone under several names: "systems analysis," "cost-benefit analysis," and most recently “AOA.”

In this one-day course, we provide an overview of the general RDM framework, and examine some of the problems that arise in apply-ing it in real world decision situations, both in our professional and personal lives. The application of the general RDM framework in defense studies (e.g., AOAs) is also discussed. Some of the problems that arise in group decision making and decision analysis in situa-tions where multiple objectives are of interest will also be discussed.

Topics Include:

• Introduction: big decisions/little decisions

• Basic model of rational decision making

• Decision making in system planning: the AOA

• Some extensions of the basic decision making model

• Multicriteria decision analysis

• Group decision making

• Summary

Target Audience: Those interested in the techniques of decision making

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Denial, Deception, and Disinformation in Modern Warfare Course No: S4650


• Gain an appreciation of the nature of deception as practiced in modern warfare, and the logical foundations of the various technical approaches

Overview:

Contemporary applications of deception involve an integrated mix-ture of techniques including denial, disinformation, and planned deceptions. The concepts underlying modern application of decep-tion date back at least to WW II and in many cases have provenance back to Greek and Roman times. The technologies underlying mod-ern applications of deception may be very up-to-date, but the con-cepts themselves (the ideas underlying deceptions) are frequently decades or centuries old.

The course provides an overview of the several elements of modern deceptions, the history of the basic concepts, and the current tech-nologies for implementing the deception approach. Applications in actual combat situations are also discussed.

Topics Include:

• Introduction to Denial, Deception, and Disinformation (D3) operations

• Principles of denial

• Principles of stealth

• Secret communications

• Principles of deception I

• Principles of deception II

• Principles of disinformation

• Tactical applications of D3

• D3 in operational art

• Strategic D3

Target Audience: Those interested in the concepts and techniques of deception that their application in modern warfare

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


17

Dynamics of Aggregated Systems Course No: S4825


• Understand how aggregated systems evolve rather than being planned

• Learn what techniques have been investigated for operation and development of these “system of systems” networks

Overview:

Virtually all of the large-scale public systems we encounter are aggregated systems. These are “system of systems,” aggregations of planned systems that have evolved over many decades, but gen-erally were never planned as the large-scale aggregates that are now operating. Power systems, telecommunication systems, trans-portation systems, food storage and distribution systems, and many other common modern systems have grown rather than being planned ab initio.

This course is an initial survey of some of the issues of aggregated systems (system-of-systems; i.e., systems comprising more than one existing interdependent system, termed “aggregated systems” in this course). As will be discussed in this course, aggregated sys-tems constitute a different kind of organizational and engineering entity from simple systems that deserves its own level of analysis. They are a complex aggregation of existing systems that emerge in response to human needs that cannot be met by existing systems operating in the manner for which they were originally intended.

Topics Include:

• Introduction to aggregated systems

• Finding a paradigm: general systems theories

• Aggregated systems: self-organization and emergence

• Aggregated systems: adaptation, evolution, and devolution

• Aggregated systems: structures, interfaces, and dynamics

• Aggregated systems: management and control

• Aggregated systems: planning, acquisition, and integration

Target Audience: Those interested in extending their understand-ing of systems engineering to address aggregated systems issues

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Envisioning Potential Futures: Forecasts, Scenarios, and Visions Course No: S4641


• Understand the history of attempts to envision the future

• Appreciate how contemporary systems of prognostication work

• Explore several contemporary scenarios (global warming, cata-strophic events, technology singularities) and their implications

Overview:

Attempts to envision future international conditions and possible wars that might arise out of them have long been part of the plan-ning process for future military systems and force structures. The problem is, of course, that it is almost impossible to foresee the future with any confidence. Still, assumptions must be made about what kinds of wars we might confront in future years and decades as a basis for system planning.

A number of techniques, some intuitive, others highly technical, have been developed in the effort to outline possible future events and situations. This course will survey techniques of prognostication as they have developed over human history. From the seers of Delphi in Ancient Greece, to contemporary technological forecasts and sce-nario writing, this course will explore the processes of envisioning the future, and will explore some of the current visions and scenari-os in play looking at future decades.

Topics Include:

• Who invented the future?

• Prognostication in the past

• Where is the future?

• Numerical forecasting approaches

• Model-based forecasting approaches

• Development of scenario techniques

• Visions of the future: the good

• Visions of the future: the bad and ugly

Target Audience: Anyone interested in the techniques of forecast-ing and envisioning the future

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


18

Introduction to Systems Architecting Course No: S4605


• Gain a foundation in methods for systems architecting, focusing on methods for addressing ill-structured problems

• Learn a systematic method for approaching ill-structured problem statements, conducting parallel exploration of problem and solu-tion spaces, and rigorous architecture description methods that can be mapped back to customer-required formats

• Learn application of the methods to both basic and complex architecting scenarios

Overview:

This course examines the community landscape of architecture defi-nitions and projects. The adaptation of systems engineering process to architecting is described. Methods for each major architecting activity (purpose analysis, problem structuring, solution structuring, harmonization, and selection/abstraction) are taught, and implemen-tation within typical acquisition scenarios is discussed and practiced. Adaptations of the basic methods to more complex situations are taught through case studies, with particular attention to software.

Topics Include:

• Fundamental architecting concepts

• The Aerospace Systems Architecting Method (ASAM)

• Toolboxes for the method

– Purpose analysis

– Problem structuring

– Solution structuring

– Harmonization

– Selection/abstraction

• Domains of systems architecting

• Case studies of architectural success and failure

• Software-intensive systems

• A case exercise is wound throughout the course

Target Audience: Engineers and managers supporting or leading an architecture project or projects involving front-end, conceptual design

Length: 10 days

Prerequisite: None

Recommended prior completion of: Art and Science of Systems Architecting – S4600

Net-Centricity Introduction Course No: S4670


• Gain a broad knowledge of net-centricity, as well as the role of net-centricity in the DoD and the Department of Homeland Security, and its affect on SMC, NRO, and Civil and Commercial programs

Overview:

Advances in information technologies have radically altered the modern battlefield. The ability to disseminate information quickly is at the center of a military strategy, which recognizes that informa-tion can be leveraged to enable decision makers at every level to make better decisions faster and act sooner. Ensuring that timely and trusted information is available where and when it is needed is at the heart of network-centric operations. These changes in military strategy have introduced challenges for national security space pro-grams that are wrestling with what it means to be “net-centric,” in terms of compliance with a myriad of new mandates to achieve net-work-centric operations. In this course, the origins of net-centricity in net-centric warfare will be presented, along with the foundational Department of Defense (DoD) programs for network-centric opera-tions. Key enabling technologies will be discussed, as well as net-centric governance, including policies, standards, and requirements. Possible paths to adoption will be explored along with nontechnical barriers to adoption. Finally, the SMC response to net-centricity will be presented.

Topics Include:

• Overview of policy

• Bedrock programs to net-centricity (Horizontal Fusion, GIG, TSAT, NCES, JTRS)

• Enabling information technologies

• Net-centric governance

• Information assurance consortia and standards

• TSAT Pathfinder Program risks and barriers to adoption

Target Audience: Program management and engineering support staff

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None


19

Protecting the Space Lanes Course No: S4910


• Appreciate the range of threats relevant to space operations

• Learn about the technologies and system approaches that have been developed to address them

Overview:

Use of space has become essential for the United States. We employ space systems for economic, intelligence, and military pur-poses. In addition, NASA operates an extensive array of space sys-tems exploring the entire solar system. In the use of space for all purposes, the U.S. enjoys a dominance in systems and technology that is unparalleled.

Potential threats to our ability to access space and to employ it to support national interests have become as important as our ability to use the seal lanes for economic and military activities. Just as the Navy’s mission portfolio includes protecting U.S. access to and use of the sea lanes, the U.S. must now accept responsibility for protecting our uses of space. As long as there is no obvious threat to U.S. employment of space, we have few problems. Unfortunately, there are now demonstrated threats to U.S. space dominance that must be addressed to ensure our future ability to use space for national purposes.

This course reviews the technology, systems, and policy issues involved in protecting U.S. space access and employment of space systems. It also summarizes conclusions from numerous studies conducted over the years concerning the various methods of pro-tecting space systems and operations.

Topics Include:

• Space lanes as an element in national power

• Policy for space lane protection

• Protecting the terrestrial infrastructure of space power

• Protecting space network connectivity

• Astrogeography for space protection

• Antisatellite threats to space systems

• General theory of space systems protection

Target Audience: Those interested in the concepts and technical approaches to space defense

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Robotics on the Battlefield: UAS, AGV, and Terminators Course No: S4635


• Acquire an appreciation of the nature of robots and their current battlefield implementations

• Learn about possible systems and the probable implications of continued pursuit of intelligent and autonomous machines for battlefield use

Overview:

It is not the present we find intimidating; it is the visions we have of the potential future. Robots have already proved their use and effectiveness on the battlefield, both airborne and ground systems. Current systems operate under human control, or with limited and constrained autonomy.

The next step is for completely autonomous systems to begin to take over some subordinate missions, leaving humans free to focus on battlefield problems requiring higher level decision making. Then higher level functions will also yield to artificial intelligence, and the last obstacle to the Terminator vision will be gone. The only thing that seems able to prevent the opening of this pathway to the future is a global ban on pursuit of artificial intelligence develop-ment, a course of action as unlikely as a global ban on planetary warming seems at present.

This course examines how we got to this crossroads where the con-cept of a robotic battlefield seems totally achievable in the next 25 – 50 years. We will examine the development of robots and their cur-rent implementations in Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), and Autonomous Ground Vehicles (AGV). We will discuss both the limi-tations of and capabilities of robots as currently implemented. The possible future developments in these and related systems will also be discussed. We will also examine the concept of the Technological Singularity where machine intelligence may exceed that of humans, and its possible implications for the Robotic Battlefield.

Topics Include:

• The history of robots

• Current robot technology: UAS

• Current robot technology: AGV

• The future of robotic intelligence and technology

• The future of robotic battlefield systems

• Implications of a technological singularity

Target Audience: Those interested in the applications of robots to combat

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


20

Space Protection Awareness Course No: S4905


Key benefit: Understand threats to our space systems in order to diminish an adversary’s ability to surprise

• Increase basic knowledge of Space Protection (e.g., framework and lexicon within which to discuss Space Protection Issues)

• Develop an awareness of space/link/ground segment vulnerabili-ties associated with each weapon system type

• Gain an appreciation for the relationships between Space Protection pursuits and threat technology approaches

Overview:

This is a CLASSIFIED offering. SCI required.

This course addresses a wide range of theoretical threats to space systems, from radio frequency jamming to co-orbital antisatellite attacks. Each type of threat is examined in detail to present the fun-damental physics and engineering of the technology, a brief history of the threat, employment and deployment considerations, and potential countermeasures to the technology. Note: This seminar is not a survey of current intelligence regarding threats to space sys-tems, rather it is a foundational presentation of the technology and underlying physics of these potential threats.

Topics Include:

• Introduction

• Policy, law, and doctrine

• Space Situational Awareness (SSA) – overview

• Space environment

• Nuclear Weapon Systems

• Direct Ascent Anti-Satellite (DA ASAT) weapon

• Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER) weapon

• Electronic Warfare (EW)

• High Power Microwave (HPM) pulse attack

• Co-orbital

• Space Situational Awareness (SSA) - mission threads

• Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (TTP) and Courses of Action (COA) considerations

Target Audience: Space professionals interested in understanding the physics, technology, and history of threats to space systems in order to better inform strategies, plans, and actions that enable the protection of space systems today and in the future.

Length: 1.5 days

Prerequisite: None

Survey of Space Policy Course No: S4700


• Gain a historical perspective that will establish how we got to where we are today and provide the basis for discussion on how current issues are being addressed

• Learn about the major players in U.S. space policy and the pro-cesses – formal and informal – used to develop policies

• Understand the interplay between programmatic, budgetary, tech-nical, and policy decisions

• Understand the implications of international cooperation, compe-tition, and law as applied to space policy

Overview:

The course provides working knowledge of the sources of, and pro-cesses for, policy decisions that will help technical personnel, from entry level through top managers, anticipate changes brought about by policy actions and, when called upon, to engage effectively with policy-makers.

Topics Include:

• Space policy history

• Formal and informal policy-making processes

• Policy players inside and outside the U.S. government

• Similarities, differences, and interactions of the civil, commercial, and national security space sectors

• International cooperation and competition

• Current issues in civil, commercial, and national security space, and Aerospace’s involvement in them

• Corporate resources and services in space policy

Target Audience: Space professionals at all levels and in all disciplines

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


21

Theories of Conflict and Combat Effectiveness Course No: S4645


• Learn about historical roots for current theories of conflict and ideas about success and failure in combat

• Understand critical changes that technology (including space systems) has wrought in modern warfare

Overview:

Contemporary warfare embodies both weapons technologies and concepts for the use of those technologies. This course examines the ideas that have influenced planning for and execution of warfare over the centuries and what is known about the effectiveness of various forms of combat. From the ideas of Sun Tzu, Clauswitz, and Napoleon, to contemporary “fourth generation combat” and the role of technology in changing the nature of the modern battlefield, the course will provide the framework and background to under-stand modern warfare and its techniques.

While acknowledging Clausewitz’ dictum that ‘warfare is a continu-ation of politics by other methods,’ the course is about the means of executing conflict and the theories of how to achieve success in both large- and small-scale combat. Even people who hold political positions we think of as reprehensible may have innovative ideas about how to succeed that need to be understood. The course thus focuses not on the political motivations underlying conflict, but on the concepts for successfully executing conflict, and how the means of achieving success have evolved. The role that space systems (and other technologies) have played in shaping modern combat will be explored.

Topics Include:

• Conflict and combat effectiveness

• Concepts of grand strategy

• Concepts of military strategy

• Concepts of operational art

• Concepts of combat tactics and technology

• Fourth generation warfare and terrorism

Target Audience: Those interested in the concepts and theories underlying contemporary warfare

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Theory of Games and Conflict Analysis Course No: S4642


• Appreciation of the historical development of game theory and its basic theorems

• Awareness of the basic applications of game theory to warfare and conflict analysis

Overview:

Efforts to understand conflict and its extreme forms (war) have a long history. The classic Art of War by Sun Tzu dates back to about 500 B.C.E. and is considered the first text that explicitly seeks to give advice on how to win battles and wars. Since then, many leaders and others (e.g., Napoleon and von Clausewitz) have also sought to capture the essence of warfare success in a small number of ideas.

Beginning in the First World War, and continuing to the present, efforts have been made to develop mathematical models of conflict that would reveal the secrets of success and failure in warfare. Game theory was one of the mathematical frameworks that were thought, after WW II, to hold promise for understanding and predict-ing outcomes of conflict.

This course will explore the foundations of game theory, and the his-tory of its applications to conflict analysis, in the context of the growth of other mathematical approaches to modeling warfare. The basic theorems of game theory will be discussed in the context of their historical development and applications. Applications to a variety of conflict situations, including nuclear warfare, will be exam-ined.

Course handouts include the most extensive collection of unclassi-fied papers and related materials available that deal with the appli-cations of game theory to conflict situations.

Topics Include:

• Mathematical approaches to analysis of conflict

• The history and evolution of game theory

• Basic concepts of game theory

• Basic theorems of game theory

• Concepts of evolutionary game theory

• Theory of pursuit games

• Analysis of conflict using game theory

Target Audience: Those interested in concepts and analysis of modern warfare

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


22

Basics of Systems Engineering (Public) Course No: S2001


• Be introduced to key aspects of systems engineering including environment, rationale, practice, and execution

• Explore widely accepted systems engineering methods

Overview:

The purpose of this course is to introduce the student to key aspects of systems engineering paying particular attention to the environ-ment, rationale, practice, and execution of systems engineering throughout the program or system lifecycle.

The concepts and practices presented are generally applicable to military, civilian, and commercial programs. Integrative, adoptable, and flexible thinking based on widely accepted systems engineering methods are encouraged, and therefore students will explore these methods as a part of in-class exercises, discussion, and via a person-al class objective.

Prework: Students must prepare by submitting a real-world problem (at time of enrollment) that will be examined during the course in light of the material presented. This will provide a framework (refer-ence problem) for interpretation of the principles presented in this course. (A prework questionnaire is available upon request.)

Topics Include:

The course will be divided into three sections:

• System concepts and the system engineering discipline to include the motivation, processes, and models with consideration for DoD, INCOSE, and other relevant guidance

• Key systems engineering life-cycle activities that are associated with the analysis, synthesis, assessment, and delivery of a system, such as, requirements engineering, verification/validation, and technical reviews.

• Management activities such as program measurement, data and controls, risk management, and cost and schedule analysis

Target Audience: Those needing program office experience; those wanting to move beyond their own technical discipline; those inter-ested in leading multidiscipline teams

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Concept Development Course No: S2010


• Understand the process of creating a space systems concept from a mission statement of need

• Learn the tools and analysis methods used to quantify space system requirements

• Understand the analytical linkage and flow from the concept development aspects of the system to the mission level

• Understand the principal elements of a conceptual space systems design

Overview:

This course provides an in-depth look at the methods, tools, organi-zations, and points-of-contact associated with the concept develop-ment process.

Topics Include:

• Architecture alternatives

• Requirements allocation

• Space system concept design

• System cost and risk

Target Audience: System planners, program managers, and ana-lysts supporting National Security Space customers

Length: 4 days

Prerequisite: None

Space Systems Architecting/Engineering/Acquisition Management Systems Engineering

23

Space Systems Design Course No: S2020


• Understand the space systems conceptual design process

• Become familiar with the methods and tools used in the space vehicle conceptual design process

• Gain increased insight into space vehicle subsystems and their interactions

• Understand the flow of requirements between the payload, spacecraft, and ground systems

Overview:

This introductory level course describes the space systems design process, how it fits into the space mission time line, and how requirements flow between the vehicle payload, spacecraft, and ground system. It focuses on interactions and dependencies between subsystems.

Topics Include:

• Conceptual design processes

• Payload, spacecraft, and ground subsystems

• Spacecraft cost estimating in the design phase

• A Concept Design Center (CDC) conceptual design exercise

Target Audience: Space system program managers and engineer-ing analysts who support National Security Space (NSS) design and planning acquisition activities

Length: 4 days

Prerequisite: None

Space Systems Development, Integration, and Test Course No: S2030


• Learn the basic testing baseline approach enabling application of risk management methods

• Increase awareness of the development, integration, and test interface activities at different phases of the acquisition life cycle

• Know how development, integration, and test trades can be made on a cost-benefit basis

Overview:

This course provides an understanding of the basic concepts within the systems development, integration, and test disciplines.

Topics Include:

• Hardware and software development cycles

• Integration and system test perspectives

• Test requirements and guidelines

• Program risks and reliability

• Space Systems Engineering Database (SSED)

Target Audience: System program managers and analysts support-ing National Security Space customers

Length: 5 days

Prerequisite: None


Space Systems Operations Course No: S2040


• Learn the basic functions of space systems operations

• Become familiar with the operational impact of design and devel-opment decisions and Aerospace’s role in space systems opera-tions

• Develop a recognition of changes under way that will have signifi-cant impact on how space systems are designed and developed

• Become familiar with the resources and tools available to assist with operational decisions and analyses

• Gain a top-level understanding of the infrastructure associated with the conduct and support of launch and space operations

Overview:

This course provides an introductory description of space and launch vehicle operations and ground systems.

Topics Include:

• Launch systems and processing at the major launch sites

• Systems operational effectiveness

• Satellite processing/on-orbit activities

• Satellite control network

• Software in operations and maintenance

• On-site tour of Vandenberg Air Force Base

Target Audience: Space system program managers and engineer-ing analysts who support National Security Space (NSS) operational planning and acquisition activities

Length: 4 days

Prerequisite: None

24

Space Systems Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis Course No: S3038


• Understand a basic approach to Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis (MS&A) design and development

• Learn of various MS&A methods and their application to space systems and the architectures to which they contribute

• Become familiar with principal tools and corporate points-of- contact for their usage

Overview:

This introductory level course provides a background in the practice and application of system engineering MS&A to customer support tasks.

Topics Include:

• Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis (MS&A) terminology and definitions

• A modeling process and practice

• The Concept Design Center (CDC)

• Space mission simulations

Target Audience: Space system program managers and engineering analysts who seek to understand, apply, and utilize common MS&A methods and tools in support of National Security Space (NSS) plan-ning and acquisition activities

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None


25

Cost Analysis (Public) Course No: S4325


• Learn the information necessary to become a technical leader for cost analysis efforts

• Learn how to assist our customers in planning when and how to conduct cost analyses

• Be able to assess the quality of government or contractor supplied cost analyses

• Be able to lead an integrated government team cost risk analysis effort or conduct Aerospace independent analysis by understand-ing the level of effort, personnel requirements, necessary expertise and time, and the quality of the product

• Be able to provide specific actionable recommendations from the results of a cost risk analysis

Overview:

This course presents the state-of-the-art in all aspects of cost analysis. In-class computer-based exercises will illustrate these principles and provide practice in applying these techniques to a realistic space sys-tem cost estimate. Participants will assess the result of a cost analy-sis in order to gain practice reviewing others’ work and conduct a cost analysis to simulate a team leadership or independent analysis effort.

Topics Include:

• How acquisition managers, systems engineers, and engineering specialists work with cost risk analysts to develop realistic cost probability distributions

• Identification of the probabilistic nature of each program element of cost in a cost estimate

• Integration of program technical uncertainty and cost modeling variation into a probabilistic cost estimate using state-of-the-art statistical methods

• Organization and display of the probabilistic nature of the cost estimate in a way that is explainable to decision-makers, and por-trays the range of possible costs as well as their likelihoods

Target Audience: Program leaders, program engineers, project offi-cers, systems engineers, risk analysts, cost analysts, acquisition team members, and source selection advisors

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: General familiarity with government and/or commer-cial acquisition processes, and a working knowledge of the theory of probability and statistics is desired.

Earned Value Management Course No: S4340


• Learn how the Earned-Value Management System (EVMS) sup-ports continuing cost management throughout the system acquisi-tion cycle

• Understand the role EVMS plays in risk management, the Aerospace engineer¹s role in EVMS analysis support, and our cus-tomers' perspective

• Learn how to read earned value information reports

• Understand what the numbers mean and how they can be used and misused

• Learn how to use earned-value data to estimate cost-to-complete

• Gain an understanding of historical DoD experience regarding accuracy of Earned-Value-Derived Estimates-to-Complete

Overview:

Earned value management is a program management technique that is required by the Office of Management and Budget on signifi-cant federal acquisition efforts. As such it is a methodology with which government project officers and their supporting Aerospace personnel must be familiar. Knowledge of the methodology is impor-tant in order to understand the contractor plan for and underlying risks in executing the contract, to interpret contract performance reports in support of the government management role, and to be aware of possible process abuses. The course presents a broad over-view of the topic, and it introduces students to techniques and anal-ysis software used to identify possible areas to be discussed with the contractor.

Topics Include:

• How EVMS fits into the entire “cost continuum” of acquisition costing

• How to use EVMS to help manage risk

• Customer perspectives on EVMS

• Traditional EVMS analysis understanding

• Hands-on use of EVMS analysis methods

• EVMS cost and schedule cautions

Target Audience: Those interested in learning about earned value in order to make appropriate and valid program-control decisions

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Space Systems Architecting/Engineering/Acquisition Management Systems Acquisition Management and Programmatics

26

Program Measurement Workshop (Public) Course No: T8200


• Live up to your accountabilities; planning, information assessment, independent analysis, and providing reasoned recommendations

• Become knowledgeable of current measurement frameworks and guidelines (e.g., ISO 9000, PSM) and how they may be used by the government and/or their contractors at various stages in the acquisition lifecycle

• Become familiar with who uses what measurements in the pro-gram office and how they are tied to decision making

• Examine different examples and case studies

• Practice selecting and analyzing measurements

• Be able to select measures that will provide the right information at the right time

• Learn what happens after measurements are selected and imple-mented

– Tips for successful implementation

– What to do with gthe "insight"”

Overview:

This workshop provides reference standards, templates, guides, examples, and case studies.

Topics Include:

• Measurement concepts

• Measurement planning and execution in selected frameworks

• Practical Software and System Measurement (PSM) guidelines: plan measurement, perform measurement, evaluate measurement, establish and sustain measurement

• Measurement in the acquisition lifecycle

Target Audience: Program managers, technical leads, technical and project support staff

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: Some familiarity with measurement concepts is rec-ommended but not required.

Program Office Data and Controls Introduction Course No: S3020


• Enhance your understanding of program contracts, baselines and metrics

• Be aware of program management tools and data needed

• Be able to apply lessons learned by identifying success and failure issues

• Be able to work effectively by providing appropriate feedback and resolving program conflicts

Overview:

This two-day course focuses on the “management” aspects of space systems by providing guidance and insight on the unique aspect of government program office data and controls.

Topics Include:

• Contracts and contract parts every engineer should know

• Contract data: what is it; how to specify and order it

• Constructing the program baselines

• Change management

• Applying lessons learned

• Information to manage the program – designing a program sur-veillance system

• Independent SPO work

• Shared information

• Providing feedback to contractors

Target Audience: Those responsible for developing, influencing, and conducting a program or project

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None


27

Program Office Roles and Processes Introduction Course No: S3010


• Develop an understanding of basic space system program man-agement, government, FFRDC, and contractor roles

• Enhance your awareness of the political and physical environment and impacts on space system acquisition

• Enhance your understanding of critical processes and their interre-lationships, and the impact they may have on work performed in the program office

Overview:

This two-day course focuses on the “management” aspects of space systems by providing guidance and insight on the unique aspect of government program office roles and processes.

Topics Include:

• Space systems program management environment - SMC

• Space systems program management environment - NRO

• Pre/post award strategy and the contracting process

• Space program baselines - managing change via critical processes

• Collaboration in space systems engineering

• Requirements engineering management

• Verification and test management

• Cost and schedule management

• Risk management


Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Requirements and Modeling (Public) Course No: S3035


• Become familiar with different specification development strategies

• Understand how system architecture relates to requirements and how various architecture frameworks can be used to organize the development effort

• Learn about the role of operational requirements that are derived from the needs of users, operators, operating organizations, and other stakeholders

• Understand the nature of a “capstone requirements document” and its relationship to downstream requirements

• Learn about the role of a “concept of operations” that captures system interaction and drives architecture development

• Learn how to plan, execute, and manage system requirements

Overview:

This one-day course consists of an overview of techniques and pro-vides essential principles that will help to develop a structured set of complete and consistent requirements for a system. This course is a condensed version of the 3-day Requirements Engineering Management course – S3030.

Topics Include:

• Systems may be characterized from operational and system requirements, model, or design perspectives.

• System architecture views provide a unifying framework for these perspectives.

• Modeling and evaluation of architectures are key to the proper specification and flowdown of system requirements.

• Supporting documents help ensure the requirements are correct.

Target Audience: Systems engineers and systems engineering managers; program, product, and acquisition managers

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: Technical background and experience in systems engineering


Risk Management Course No: S3040


• Understand program office Risk Management (RM)

• Understand risk relationships (for program success) among perfor-mance, cost, and schedule

• Learn how to examine risk trade space

• Be able to recognize adequate risk management processes and programs

• Be able to analyze risk information

• Enhance your understanding of how risk management relates to influencing customer decision making

• Become familiar with risk management tools

Overview:

This course defines the risk management process, provides case studies from space, launch, and ground systems across the system life cycle, and familiarizes students with risk tools through hands-on exercise. The Risk Reference Card is also provided for use as a field guide.

Topics Include:

• Review of risk management processes

– Program requirements for risk management; U.S. laws and regulations, NSS 03-01, DoD 5000, Directive-7, others

– Determining program RM objectives

– Risk identification and assessment

– Risk management models and resources

– Risk handling

– Risk monitoring

– How to recognize an “effective” risk management process

• Discussion of risk management related events such as: issues with definitions and entry/exit criteria; Pre-Award; Post-Award

• Many space system case studies from space, launch, and ground systems across the system life cycle

• Use of the Aerospace Continuous Aerospace Risk Management Assessment (CARMA) tool


Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: None

28

Requirements Engineering Management Course No: S3030


• Understand the relationship among documented concepts of operations, capability needs, and system requirements

• Familiarization with document purpose, content, format, and responsibility

• Learn how to analyze and transform higher level to lower level requirements and the engineering behind it

• Understand how to align requirements to architectures

• Understand relationships between requirements, models, and design

• Learn document development strategies

• Learn about requirement traceability, why and when it’s impor-tant, what to do, how to do it

Overview:

This 3-day course spans the development of systems requirements from capabilities documents through management of requirements. Instructors from Colorado, Chantilly, Omaha, and El Segundo provide their integrated approach to the engineering necessary to define system requirements for mission success.

Topics Include:

• AF Integrated Planning Process (IPP)

• Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS)

• Concept of Operations (CONOPS)

• Analysis of Alternatives (AoA)

• Intelligence community planning and requirements generation

• Technical Requirements Document (TRD)

• System specifications and interface requirements

• Requirements management tools and techniques

Target Audience: Newcomers to requirements engineering and those that would like to enhance their knowledge

Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: None


29

Smarter Buyer 1: Industry Perspective Course No: S4350


• Learn how government program managers can positively influ-ence industry financials and desired contractor behavior on their programs

• Increase your understanding and awareness of industry metrics and incentives leading to improved relationships and more successful NSS acquisitions

• Be aware of the demands and expectations placed on your indus-try counterparts

• Understand industry’s financial expectations and how the govern-ment can influence them

• Acquire an appreciation for how finances drive industry’s invest-ment decisions, including program day-to-day operations

Overview:

This unique course provides the industry perspective about what government acquirers should know about industry financials to help them make the program successful. Course material is from exten-sive interviews with senior industry and government officials, as well as based on current reports, economic research, and recent financial news. It provides the basics on the ties among international compe-tition and the industrial base, Wall Street, corporate strategic plan-ning, financial management metrics, sector and business develop-ment decision-making, and their influences on contractor program managers. Economic research, news, and recent program examples are used to punctuate specific concepts government program man-agers and their senior staff can use to incentivize contractor perfor-mance.

Topics Include:

• International competition and the industrial base

• Wall Street and CEO demands

• Sector financial metrics

• Business development

• Program manager demands

Target Audience: Government program managers, acquisition executives and their Aerospace counterparts; senior systems engi-neers, program control, contracts, and financial management person-nel are encouraged to participate.

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: Must be a full-time military, government, or Aerospace employee

Smarter Buyer 2: Knowledge-Based Technical Management Course No: S4351


• Using the tutorial information, case examples, and extensive refer-ence appendices, students will become familiar with how to define the acquisition program knowledge points, perform assess-ments for “early knowing,” and have criteria and standards to make sound technical decisions to either proceed with the techni-cal plan or enact contingencies.

• The course book includes appendices provided as an ongoing “field guide” for students to apply to their work. This includes a reference appendix on knowledge points, criteria, standards, nec-essary program information, expected outcomes and potential contingencies. The field guide also provides appendices on pro-posed government accountabilities to ensure knowledge based management is appropriately resourced and conducted, an appen-dix on potential program meetings and forums to follow and close technical issues, and an appendix on recovery planning and recover execution.

Overview:

This unique course provides knowledge-based acquisition concepts for our government space workforce from planning through execu-tion. It is essential for all technical managers to know and use this material as part of their arsenal to keep technical programs on-track. Knowledge-based management defines the technical program accomplishments necessary for mission success. It defines the go/no-go conditions for making critical technical program decisions. This course is based on extensive cross-program research, case examples, and technical data. This material has been synchronized with the leading information for both systems engineering and mis-sion assurance. It may be applied to existing programs to make use of existing data, forums, and controls and may be applied to design-ing new programs.

Topics Include:

• Knowledge-based assessment of the technical program

• Assessment knowledge points for requirements, design, manufac-turing, software production, integration and test, and operational fitness

• Knowledge-based program planning

Target Audience: Government technical managers and their staff, acquisition executives and their Aerospace counterparts, senior sys-tems engineers, program control, contracts, and financial manage-ment personnel are encouraged to participate.

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: Must be a full-time military, government, or Aerospace employee


30

Space Systems Testing (Public) Course No: S3065


• Gain knowledge about the test management process

• Be able to recognize a sound testing process

• Be aware of the value of verification and test

• Gain an ability to evaluate a test program in terms of balancing performance, risk, cost, and schedule

• Become familiar with historical problems discovered in test and the lessons learned

Overview:

This one-day course is a condensed version of the Space Systems Test Management (S3060) course. It covers the entire process of testing space vehicles. It addresses each element of the test pyra-mid, from parts, up to and including system level testing, to provide students with the foundation for understanding how to balance these test elements in today's environment.

Topics Include:

• Testing aspects for study and design phases of acquisition lifecycle (build phase not emphasized)

• Practical aspects of test program management (test planning and verification methods overview)

• The test pyramid, test sequence, and environmental tests

• Issues and drivers associated with testing (e.g., cost schedule, and risk)

• Insight into test strategies and processes for aspects of space sys-tems (e.g., integration, failures, anomaly resolution, and retest)

• The value of test and verification throughout the life cycle of a space system

Target Audience: Newcomers to space system test management, those in the program office, and those who would like to enhance their knowledge

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Space Systems Test Management Course No: S3060


• Gain knowledge about the test management process

• Be able to recognize a sound testing process

• Be aware of the value of verification and test

• Gain an ability to evaluate a test program in terms of balancing performance, risk, cost, and schedule

• Become familiar with historical problems discovered in test and the lessons learned

Overview:

This 3-day course covers the criticality of testing and verification throughout the life cycle of a space program. Instructors provide sound approaches for hardware and software testing based on years of experience.

Topics Include:

• Test planning

• Verification approach

• Cost impact and analysis

• Schedule control

• Software testing activities

• Test failures, anomaly resolution, and retest

• Space systems environmental testing: parts, subassembly, unit, and system

• Ground systems testing

• Software and system life cycle models

• Software and system test metrics

• Space system test integration and flow

• Quality control, engineering change process, and problem reporting

• Initial on-orbit testing and sell-off

Target Audience: Newcomers to space system testing and those who would like to enhance their knowledge

Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: None


31

Space Vehicle Reliability Course No: S3045


• Gain a general understanding of what constitutes a good reliabili-ty engineering process for a space vehicle from ATP (Authority to Proceed) to launch

Overview:

The course will help to understand appropriate reliability engineering activities and improve the probability of mission success during acquisition. Key reliability tasks, examples, and things to look for that improve mission success, are described. The material will review space vehicle reliability requirements, Figures of Merit (FOM) and how they influence systems development. It will also provide a sense of key efforts that minimize failures and disconnects. This course will be an extension of the material in Chapter 21 "Reliability Engineering" of the Space Vehicle Systems Engineering Handbook" (TOR-2006(8506)-4494).

Topics Include:

• Reliability requirements development (numeric and qualitative)

• Reliability theory, redundancy math modeling, and failure rate development

• Failure Modes Effects and Criticality Analysis (FMECA)

• Why satellites fail and Failure Reporting/Corrective Action System (FRACAS) process

Target Audience: Program office and independent review team members checking contractor’s reliability products (reliability predictions, FMECAs, critical item control plans, FRACAS)

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Prework: Read chapter 21 of Space Vehicle Systems Engineering Handbook. (TOR-2006(8506)-4494).


32

Modern Communications Introduction Course No: T2011


• Gain an overview of contemporary communication technologies and their capabilities

Overview:

Modern communications means speed of light communications. Before the telegraph, the means of communication were little better than a man on horseback, and had changed little in centuries. After the inception of the telegraph, it became possible to send messages across thousands of miles in close to zero time.

Since the telegraph, the technologies for communication have grown steadily: the telephone, radio, television, and satellite relay for each type of communications. In fact all of modern communications can be clustered into six general areas (as indicated below in the Course Outline). The course will examine the current implementation of these six communication functions, and briefly trace their history. Current technologies for implementing these functions will be exam-ined, as well as novel concepts and technologies for future telecom-munications.

Topics Include:

• Introduction to modern communications

• Message communications

• Voice communications

• Audio communications

• Data communications

• Imagery communications

• Video communications

• Future communication technologies

Target Audience: Those interested in the concepts of current com-munications technologies and systems

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


Digital Communications and Spread Spectrum Course No: T2030


• Acquire system-level proficiency in making simple trade-off analy-sis involving power, bandwidth, hardware complexity, and design of communication systems

Overview:

This course provides comprehensive coverage of digital communications.

Topics Include:

• Signals and spectra

• Modulation/demodulation

• Coding/decoding

• Multiplexing and multiple access

• Packet switching

• Quantization

• PCM

• Encryption/decryption

• Several trade-offs such as power/bandwidth, modulation/coding, etc.

Textbook: Digital Communications Fundamentals and Applications, by B. Sklar, is provided for class exercises and practice.

Target Audience: Those desiring to deepen existing skill or know-ledge especially technical staff, practicing engineers, and others interested in the area of communications

Length: 24 one-hour sessions (noontime)

Prerequisite: Familiarity with basic communications theory

Communication Systems and Technology

33

Principles of Space Communications Course No: T2040


• Understand space system communication requirements and speci-fications

• Gain familiarity with communication Figures of Merit – their sig-nificance and limitations

• Be able to dialog with customers, contractors, peers, and technolo-gy experts

• Be able to perform top-level trade-offs regarding communication parameters

Overview:

This is an intermediate level course in space communications addressing fundamental parameters and principles. It provides insight into the key drivers for communication.

Topics Include:

• Fundamentals of communications

• Satellite communication architecture

• Frequency spectrum/management

• Networks/switching

• Communication links/propagation

• Modulation/bandwidth

• Coding

• Encryption

• Payloads/ground stations

• VSATs/mobile/broadcast/multicast

• Future of space communications

Target Audience: Those who specify, use, and/or integrate space communication into their projects

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Spectrum Management Principles Introduction Course No: T2050


• Understand the criticality of spectrum management in realizing National Security Space mission satisfaction

• Understand the general principles and disciplines of spectrum management

• Become familiar with the agencies and processes involved in reg-ulation

• Learn the process of acquiring a license to use spectrum

• Understand the methods for conducting link analysis

• Be able to identify spectrum needs for a specific program

• Be able to collaborate with spectrum managers in attaining the requisite spectrum

Overview:

Assured access to spectrum is critical to our space program, and spectrum needs are among the most demanding in the world.

This course examines the policies and major issues associated with spectrum management. It covers the general concepts of spectrum management, the technical work performed by spectrum managers, the economic perspective on spectrum use, the military usage, and the threat to military spectrum bands.

Topics Include:

• Principles of radio communication

• Spectrum regulations

• Spectrum registration

• Interference analysis

• Federal spectrum management

• Future of spectrum management

Target Audience: Those involved in electromagnetic spectrum

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Communication Systems and Technology

34

Spread Spectrum Systems Course No: T2035


• Gain and employ an understanding of the various components of spread spectrum systems

• Be able to make simple performance calculations and system trade-offs

Overview:

The explosive growth of Personal Communication Systems (PCS) has provided a new impetus to the development of spread spectrum techniques for the inherent potential for capacity advantage. These techniques are used in communication and navigation applications because of their antijam low-probability-of-intercept properties, and their potential for allowing very precise position location determina-tion.

Topics Include:

• Overview of spread spectrum systems

– Direct sequence

– Frequency hopped

– Hybrid spread

• Performance of spread spectrum in interfering environments

• Spreading code generation

• Acquisition and tracking

• PCS spread spectrum applications

Textbook: Introduction to Spread Spectrum Communications, by R. Peterson, R. Ziemer, and D. Borth, is provided for class exercises and practice.

Target Audience: Technical individuals


Prerequisite: None

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Communication Systems and Technology

35

Capability Maturity Model® Integration for Development (CMMI-DEV), V1.2 (Public) Course No: S4452


• Learn the fundamentals of model-based process improvement

• Learn the benefits of process improvement

• Become aware of CMMI® model content

Overview:

This three-day course introduces systems, hardware and software engineering managers and practitioners, appraisal team members, and engineering process group (E.g., SEPG, EPG) members to the Capability Maturity Model® Integration (CMMI®) fundamental con-cepts. CMMI® models are tools that help organizations improve their ability to develop and maintain quality products and services. CMMI® models are an integration of best practices from proven dis-cipline-specific process improvement models, including the CMM® for Software, EIA 731, and the Integrated Product Development CMM.

This course has been updated to be part of Version 1.2 of the CMMI® Product Suite and fulfills a prerequisite requirement for any course requiring an official SEI Introduction to CMMI® course.

Participants will receive CMMI®: Guidelines for Process Integration and Product Improvement, Second Edition, and a course notebook with copies of the course slides.

Topics Include:

• Model-based process improvement

• Overview of CMMI components

• Institutionalization

• Process areas of CMMI models

• Structure of the continuous and staged representations

Target Audience: Program managers and contractor monitors; product developers and process implementers; appraisal team mem-bers (assessors or evaluators); anyone else interested in learning about CMMI®

Length: 3 days – The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) requires students to participate and attend all 3 days (100% attendance) to successfully complete the course.

Prerequisite: None

Software Architecture and Application to Space Systems Course No: S4440


• Understand what software architecture is

• Understand the importance of software architecture to program success

• Understand what should be included in a software architecture description, and be exposed to various ways of representing it

• Get exposure to software architecture evaluation techniques and supporting tools

• Understand acquisition considerations for software architecture

• Know where to go for more information and help

Overview:

This course provides an introduction to software architecture and its relevance to NSG programs. It introduces the student to various ways of describing and evaluating software architecture with actual and practical examples from different programs. It also provides acquisition guidance.

Topics Include:

• Relevance of software architecture to program success

• What software architecture is and where it fits in with the rest of the program lifecycle

• Software architecture acquisition considerations

• Describing software architecture – various ways and examples of what we see in our industry

• Integrating software architecture descriptions with DoDAF views for system architecture

• Evaluating software architecture – techniques, tools and case studies

• Software Architecture Style Example - SOA

• Policy and standards considerations

Target Audience: Program, product, and acquisition managers for all space systems; systems and software engineers; engineers accountable for systems that interface with software

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Computer and Software Systems and Technology

36

Space Systems Software Product Development Course No: S4470


• Understand basic principles and best practices that are necessary for successful development of the software products that reside in software-intensive space systems

• Understand the role of Aerospace and customer personnel in monitoring software product development

• Be aware of the key risks and red flags for identifying problems in the development of the software products

• Know how to locate software product development resources both internal and external to Aerospace

Overview:

This course provides an introduction to software product develop-ment for software-intensive space systems. It focuses on what the developers should be doing to develop the software products that reside in space systems and on the role of Aerospace and customer personnel during this software product development. Review criteria for contractor software products will be presented.

Topics Include:

• Interface between software and systems engineering

• Software requirements development

• Software architecture

• Software detailed design/database design

• Software implementation (coding)

• Software testing

• COTS and reuse software

• Software specialty engineering

• Software Technical Performance Measures (TPMS)

• Software reviews

Target Audience: Those responsible for monitoring contractor soft-ware product development

Length: 2.5 days

Prerequisite: Some knowledge of software development


Space Systems Software Acquisition Management Course No: S4460


• Learn to increase your skills in assessing and mitigating software acquisition-related risks by building on prior experience

• Gain insight into software acquisition-related problems and devel-oping possible solutions

• Improve skills in both pre- and post-contract award activities throughout the acquisition lifecycle

Overview:

This course provides an introduction to software acquisition manage-ment throughout the National Security Space (NSS) acquisition life cycle. The term “software acquisition” encompasses all activities performed by the acquisition team (both government and Aerospace) in order to acquire the software portion of SMC and NRO software-intensive space systems, including both pre- and post-contract award activities, throughout all acquisition phases. The course addresses the acquisition of software-intensive space systems from the perspectives of mission assurance and executability. Best practices for each of the NSS acquisition life cycle phases will be dis-cussed, including best practices for Request for Proposal (RFP) devel-opment, source selection, and contract monitoring and management throughout the contract period of performance. Key risks and red flags will be highlighted throughout the course.

Topics Include:

• The acquisition environment

• Software acquisition process improvement

• Acquisition life cycle models

• Software acquisition management planning

• Software acquisition project execution (tracking and control)

• Acquisition metrics and quantitative management

• Software mission assurance-driven RFPs and contracts

• Use of appraisals for source selection and contract monitoring

• Best practices for all NSS acquisition phases, both pre- and post-contract award

Target Audience: Those with software acquisition responsibility

Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: Some knowledge of software development

37

Space Systems Software Project Management Course No: S4430


• Understand basic principles and best practices that are necessary for successful management of software development projects for software-intensive space systems

• Understand the role of Aerospace and customer personnel in monitoring the management of software projects

• Be aware of the key risks and red flags for identifying problems in the management of software development projects

• Know how to locate software project management resources both internal and external to Aerospace

Overview:

This course provides an introduction to software project manage-ment for software-intensive space systems. It focuses on what the developers should be doing to manage their software development projects and on the role of Aerospace and customer personnel in this process. Key risks and red flags will be highlighted throughout the course.

Topics Include:

• Software process improvement and Capability Maturity Model Integration®

• Software project planning

• Software development life cycle models

• Software estimation

• Software project monitoring and control

• Software quality enhancement activities

• Software metrics and quantitative management

• Software risk management

• Software management attributes

Target Audience: Those responsible for software; those providing software support to programs

Length: 3 days

Prerequisite: None


38

Global Positioning System Introduction Course No: S4210


• Gain a basic understanding of the elements of the Global Positioning System (GPS)

• Prepares you for work or further study in one or more aspects of GPS

Overview:

This is an introductory course in Global Positioning System applications and principles.

Topics Include:

• Overview of GPS system

• Orbits, reference frames, and station keeping

• GPS signal description and introduction to GPS receivers

• GPS data message

• GPS navigation (positioning, Dilution of Precision (DOP), availability)

• GPS clocks and time

• GPS applications

Target Audience: Those who desire an awareness or overview of GPS

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Navigation Systems and Technology

Applied Orbit Perturbations and Maintenance Course No: T7200


• Learn the method of orbit averaging and how it can help you to understand and solve the various challenging problems in orbit perturbations and control

• Become familiar with the in-house computer tools that have been developed to analyze orbit perturbations and stationkeeping

• Gain experience by applying the above methods and tools for designing and analyzing various DoD mission orbits and constella-tions (via case studies)

• Understand the advanced concepts/methods of GEO collocation and autonomous onboard stationkeeping, as well as the current policies and guidelines of end-of-life orbit disposal

Overview:

This course will follow closely the material contained in the recently published book, Applied Orbit Perturbation and Maintenance, by the course instructor, Dr. Chia-Chun (George) Chao. The topics of this course will follow the ten chapters in the book. Topics will be taught in two one-hour (noontime) sessions each week. The first session is lecture and the following session is instructor-led case study or homework exercise. Students, by small groups, will be assigned to give a short presentation of the results of the case studies.

Topics Include:

• A review of two-body mechanics

• Equations of motion with perturbations

• Averaged equations of motion

• Resonant tesseral harmonics

• Application of averaged equations

• Orbit maintenance of LEO, MEO, and HEO satellites and constellations

• Stationkeeping of GEO satellites

• Collocation of GEO satellites

• Advanced concepts of orbit control

• End-of-life disposal orbits

Target Audience: Those interested in gaining more in-depth knowl-edge of astrodynamics and orbital mechanics


Prerequisite: Students must have a good background in astrody-namics or orbital mechanics

39

Adaptive Signal Processing Course No: T2135


• Obtain fundamental concepts of adaptive filters and their applications

Overview:

Adaptive signal processing has wide applications in many fields such as communication, radar, and control systems. This class covers some fundamental concepts of adaptive signal processing such as Eigen-analysis, Wiener filtering, least mean square and recursive least square algorithms. Rather than derive the mathematical equations, this class emphasizes the physical interpretations. Typical applica-tions in communication systems, radar systems, and array antenna systems will be discussed in this class.

Topics Include:

• Random processes and Eigen-values

• Wiener – Hopf filtering

• Linear prediction

• Method of steepest descent

• Least mean square filtering

• Spatial processing

• Recursive least square filter

Textbook: Adaptive Filter Theory, by Simon Haykin, is provided for class exercises and practice.

Target Audience: Engineers and scientists with the appropriate mathematical background in random process and matrix computation

Length: 6 two-hour sessions

Prerequisite: Appropriate mathematical background

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Science, Engineering, and Technology Specialties

40

Collocation and Collision Avoidance Strategies for Geostationary Satellites (Public) Course No: T1050


• Gain an understanding of what issues exist in the geosynchronous orbital band

• Familiarize yourself with key equations, tools, and their limitations in exploring viable alternatives

• Learn to identify alternative mitigation strategies, understand their limitations, perform trades, and select a way to proceed

• Understand the capabilities and limitations of GEO use of GPS and terrestrial optical sensors

• Learn from case studies and the most current issues in collision avoidance and end-of-life disposal

Overview:

This course provides an overview of conventional stationkeeping strategies and a detailed assessment of strategies that can be used for efficient management of collocated satellites. Discussion encom-passes an enhanced portion of collision avoidance and end-of-life disposal strategies in response to recent increases in the number of closest approaches between operational GEO satellites.

(This course is a revised version of Collocation of Geostationary Satellites.)

Topics Include:

• North–south and east–west stationkeeping strategies

• Solar radiation pressure effects and the sun-pointing strategy

• Alternative collocation strategies and their implications, including a strategy for collocation of spacecraft belonging to different entities

• Collision avoidance and end-of-life disposal strategies

• Analysis tools

• Requirements for implementation of tools

• GEO use of GPS

Target Audience: Individuals responsible for mission operations, orbit analysis, and control of geostationary satellites; orbit analysts, engineers, and managers who want to learn stationkeeping strate-gies for controlling single and collocated geostationary satellites

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of orbital mechanics is required; technical background and experience in GEO satellite operations and mission design are desirable.

Electromagnetic Effects of Natural Lightning on Ground and Space Launch Operations Course No: T1170


• To provide familiarity with appropriate analytical tools and mea-surement results

• To identify techniques used to protect ground and space launch assets through the use of effective monitoring and Electromagnetic (EM) effects mitigation

• To define realistic lightning requirements for ground and space assets

• To gain practical knowledge of guiding space launch processing during/after major lightning storms to enhance mission assurance

Overview:

The phenomenon of natural lightning, it’s induced EM effects on launch/space vehicles, ground supporting facilities and launch opera-tions and protection/mitigation techniques are addressed in this course. The student will be introduced to various predictive, measure-ment and detection methods in assessing the vulnerability, risks to the space system, and current/future lightning standards. This infor-mation is used to provide some practical familiarity in guiding ground and space launch operations during/after major lightning storms.

Topics Include:

• Background on natural lightning and examples of its impact on space programs

• Learning about lightning-induced EM effects on ground and space assets

– Prediction and detection

– Device susceptibility and system vulnerability

– Comparisons of analyses and measurements

• Dealing with lightning for space launch operations

– Protection and mitigation techniques

– Damage search and retest decisions

– Risk assessment

– Lightning requirements

Target Audience: Program managers and engineers

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


41

Evolutionary Computation for Design, Innovation, and Problem Solving Course No: S4660


• Understand where Evolutionary Computation (EC) fits into the spectrum of creative problem solving and optimization methods and when it is appropriate to apply the technique

• Understand how EC works, in general

• Become familiar with each EA paradigm: GA; GP; MOEA

• Learn when it is appropriate to apply EC paradigms

• Become familiar with current applications of EC for solving Aerospace customer problems.

• Gain hands on experience with The Aerospace Corporation’s Genetic Resources for Innovation and Problem Solving (GRIPS) software

Overview:

Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) are computer-based design and prob-lem solving heuristics that search for superior designs/solutions using a set of processes that are analogous to the genetic mechanisms underlying natural selection. Since their inception in the 1960s, evo-lutionary algorithms have been used in a tremendous array of appli-cations. The growing popularity of EA stems from their ease of implementation and robust performance for difficult engineering and science problems. This two-day course provides an introduction to the field of genetic and evolutionary computation.

The course culminates in two afternoon workshops that are targeted toward two primary audiences: the first, designed for program man-agers and customers and the second for those who will use the GRIPS software in practice. Program managers and customers will learn what products to expect from GRIPS, how they can help their organizations make more informed decisions, and how to frame their questions to get the most out of what EA has to offer.

Topics Include:

• Introduction, context, and conceptual foundations of EC

• Genetic Metaphor, reproduction and natural selection encoded in algorithmic form

• Genetic Algorithms (GA)

• Genetic Programming (GP)

• Multiple-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEA)

• Evolutionary Computation in practice. Examples of where GRIPS is used to solve Aerospace customer problems in the domains of ground-based hyper-spectral imaging and satellite constellation design

• Hands-on Demo of the GRIPS Toolkit (example applications include traveling salesperson problem, synthetic aperture radar auto-focus, and satellite constellation design)

• The GRIPS Application Program Interface (API) allows users to integrate their own source code from any problem domain for use with the multiobjective algorithms. A hands-on / lecture module will introduce API basics.

• Analysts that use GRIPS software in practice will participate in a real-time problem representation and API formulation for prob-lems of interest in their domain.

Target Audience: Program managers and engineers

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


42

Key Enabling Space Technologies Course No: T1060


• Understand technology programs, players, and goals so that pro-gram offices can assess how technology may address program risks/issues and lead to new capabilities and improved missions as well as operational and systems performance

• Comprehend the basic underpinning of the technologies via short tutorials and reference lists

• Become knowledgeable on key enabling space technologies: effort, progress, maturity, trades, and readiness

• Be able to identify principal technology points of contact within the government and The Aerospace Corporation

• Understand and learn how program offices can influence technology/programs

Overview:

This FOUO/proprietary information course provides an overview of the AF technology insertion process focusing on AF, AFSPC, SMC, ARL, and NRO mission partners along with other government tech-nology offices. It includes a collection of key space technology topics with short tutorials, its goals, projects, approaches, and progress; and provides an insight into technology future trends.

Topics Include:

• Overview of the DoD technology program and processes

• Structures and materials

• Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS)

• Radiation hardened microelectronics

• Precision clock/time sources

• Space power

• Propulsion

• Antennas

• Communications

• Electrooptical sensors

• Defensive counterspace technologies

• Space-based radar technologies

Target Audience: Those who desire an awareness or overview and those who have some familiarity but would like further knowledge of new trends in space technology

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Orbital Mechanics: Principles and Applications Course No: T7211


• Gain a basic understanding of the principles of orbital mechanics

• Become aware of practical methods for solving orbital mechanics problems related to mission planning, design, and analysis of orbital systems

• Become more familiar with current issues related to space debris and other topics of interest and strategies to manage them

Overview:

This one-day course provides an overview of the principles and applications of orbital mechanics.

Topics Include:

• Solution of the two-body problem

• Analysis of orbits and orbit changes

• Methods of orbit prediction and determination

• Relative motion in orbit

• Approaches to lunar and interplanetary trajectories

• Applications of orbit perturbations

• Design and establishment of orbital systems

• Orbital coverage and collision hazards associated with space debris

Target Audience: Those responsible for systems engineering and architecting; new system and design engineers; new systems engi-neering managers

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


43

Parts, Materials, and Processes (PMP) (Public) Course No: T8210


• Deep awareness and understanding of the significance of Parts, Materials, and Processes (PMP) in the space environment

• Insight into the methods, means, and resources for specifying and applying PMP

• Insight into the roles and responsibilities in applying PMP, and an understanding of how PMP supports customer needs, processes, documents, milestones, and the acquisition life cycle

• Deep awareness of the key issues in applying PMP

Overview:

This course is a survey of the various parts, materials, and processes as applied to space missions – how they are specified, how they are implemented, and what happens when they go wrong. Lessons learned are presented, as well as examples of the good, bad, and ugly. El Segundo offerings include tours of the analysis labs. Classes held in other locations include video tours of the labs.

Topics Include:

• Space environment demands on PMP

• PMP requirements flowdown

• Passive electronic devices

• Active electronic devices

• Advanced electronic packaging concepts

• Connectors and cabling

• Structural elements (metals, polymers, composites)

• Mechanisms and tribology

• Non-destructive analysis

• Destructive physical analysis

• Manufacturing flow and processes

Target Audience: Those who specify and/or make use of parts, materials, and processes

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None

Quality for Space Applications Course No: T5000


• Be able to evaluate a contractor’s quality system and understand the roles and responsibilities from an oversight perspective, utiliz-ing basic quality concepts, tools, approaches, and implementation

Overview:

This course will explore the quality discipline as it applies to launch and space vehicles. The topics will be presented in a novel way, via a fictional tour through a contractor’s plant that reviews its quality sys-tem. The course is structured around a series of case history sketches that have their origin in the experiences of the trainers.

The basic concepts pertaining to hardware and software quality assurance and the integral role it plays in the contractor’s organiza-tion will be explored, as quality has evolved from a purely manufac-turing endeavor into an overall business excellence discipline. It involves planning, control, and improvement. Quality can only be built into a product. Basic quality concepts such as statistical process control, six sigma, review boards, and inspection will be covered, and the implementation of major quality tools will be demonstrated. Generic quality systems from prime and subcontractors, as culled from the experiences of the trainers, will be discussed.

Topics Include:

• Historical overview

• Hardware and software quality assurance concepts

• Standards and awards

• Statistical process control

• Procurement and subcontract management

• Failure investigations

• Six Sigma

• Auditing and inspection

• Lessons learned

Target Audience: Those who desire a basic understanding of the quality aspects within an organization they are responsible for administering, managing, and/or evaluating

Length: 2 days

Prerequisite: None


44

Space Environment and Spacecraft Environmental Hazards (Public) Course No: T1160


• Acquire an understanding of space hazards, their sources and potential impacts

• Gain an understanding of alternative mitigation strategies and their limitations and trades

Overview:

This in-depth course identifies areas for concentrated effort and pro-vides specific recommendations to combat space environment haz-ards. It covers a range of environments, the impacts of these envi-ronments on satellite operations, and lessons learned by satellite builders and operators. Case studies illustrate hazards and mitiga-tion strategies.

Topics Include:

• Sources of near Earth space radiation environment

• Space hazards, including spacecraft charging, single-event upsets, and total radiation dose

• Mitigation tools and techniques

Target Audience: Individuals responsible for space missions, space systems architecting, engineering, and operations

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: Technical background and experience in satellites, space experiments, and payloads

Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption Introduction Course No: T6050


• Familiarity with the basic technologies and defense measures involving Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) weapons

Overview:

This course is an “executive summary” of the three one-day courses dealing with (NBC) weapons. It consolidates an abbreviated over-view of each of the longer courses as an introduction to the essen-tial technologies and protection issues that involve weapons employing these technologies. Techniques for protection are also discussed.

Topics Include:

• Introduction to Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption (WMD&D)

• Conventional weapons

• Nuclear, radiological, and EMP weapons

• Chemical weapons

• Biological weapons

• Agricultural weapons: chemical and biological

• Surveillance and defense

Target Audience: Those interested in the concepts and technolo-gies involving NBC weapons

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


45

Why Satellites Fail – Lessons for Mission Success Course No: T7300


• Gain knowledge needed to better perform technical reviews

• Become familiar with good engineering practices in systems development and the resources that are specifically designed to help catch engineering mistakes

Overview:

Satellite failures are primarily caused by subtle engineering mistakes occurring during all development stages – from design, analysis, manufacturing, coding, and testing to operations. This course uses lessons learned from past failures to familiarize the student with good engineering practices designed to ensure future mission suc-cess.

Topics Include:

• Overview of failure statistics, lessons learned, and key review questions

• Technical baseline management

• Fault analysis

• Ground operations

• Ground testing

• On-orbit troubleshooting

• Introduction to mission assurance resources

Target Audience: Engineering and technical individuals

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None


46

Cryptography: Theory and Practice Course No: T4220


• Gain basic understanding of cryptography concepts and their appli-cation in Air Force programs

• Obtain references for further information in cryptography

Overview:

This course will introduce the basic concepts of modern cryptogra-phy, present example algorithms and protocols, show how crypto is acquired and used in space programs, and mention some new direc-tions for cryptography.

Topics Include:

• Symmetric and asymmetric (public-key) crypto

• Data protection

• Key management

• Example algorithms (RSA, AES, etc.)

• Uses of cryptography (authentication, digital signature, etc.)

• Applications to commerce and civilian worlds

• Applications of cryptography to space

• Space cryptography policy

• Advanced topics (quantum crypto, steganography, etc.)

Target Audience: Those who deal with the acquisition, develop-ment, and maintenance of systems that use cryptography

Length: 1.5 days

Prerequisite: None

Information Assurance for Space System Acquisition Course No: T4230


• Understand Information Assurance (IA) policies, processes and stan-dards used in DoD information system acquisition

• Increase awareness of the IA requirements applicable to space sys-tems programs

Overview:

This course presents current and emerging IA policies and processes, and offers approaches for integrating them into DoD space system acquisition. The DoD’s approach to IA in the Global Information Grid (GIG) addresses the special concern of its community to protect information systems against the unwarranted disclosure, modifica-tion, or destruction of data. New DoD policy provides a framework and requirements for achieving IA, and supporting publications describing responsibilities and processes for it implementation.

Topics Include:

• Space system acquisition policy (NSS 03-01)

• DoD information assurance policy (DoD 8500)

• Information system security certification and accreditation (DIACAP)

• Cross Domain Solution process

• Cryptographic equipment acquisition and key management

Target Audience: Those responsible for the acquisition, develop-ment, and maintenance of information systems

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: None

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Security Systems and Technology

47

Information Assurance Technology (Public) Course No: T4231


• Be aware of Information Assurance (IA) concept

• Become familiar with IA technologies commonly used to protect ground systems

Overview:

Information Assurance (IA) is an area of growing concern and impor-tance in space systems. IA technologies protect and defend key information that flows through information systems and ultimately is delivered to both decision makers and war fighters. This course will introduce students to an array of IA technologies, which provide pro-tections during data transmissions, storage, and processing.

Topics Include:

• Introduction to security concepts

• Applied cryptography

• Physical and link layer security

• Network security

• Boundary protection

• Enterprise security

Target Audience: Security engineers, systems engineers, systems analysts, engineering managers, program office personnel responsi-ble for Information Assurance

Length: 1 day

Prerequisite: A solid understanding of computer systems and networks

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Security Systems and Technology

IR Systems and Technology Course No: T3120


• Gain a basic understanding of infrared (IR) systems and technology

• Become acquainted with the technical experts who are supporting programs

Overview:

This course offers a serious treatment of infrared systems and tech-nology with a collection of topics, of significant depth, that provide substantial insight.

Topics Include:

• IR phenomenology (targets, backgrounds, and atmospheric effects) system design

• Focal planes

• Active and passive cooling

• Optical system design processes

• IR payload integration and test

• IR system simulation

• Performance analysis

Target Audience: Those who have some familiarity with IR systems and technology but would like further knowledge/skill

Length: 4 days

Prerequisite: Should have a working knowledge of physics of the electromagnetic spectrum

48

Technical Depth and Functional Expertise Sensing Systems and Technology

Books

Crosslink Magazine

Educational Materials

Advisory Services and Curriculum Design

Professional Papers and Technical Reports

TECHNICAL EDUCATION RESOURCES

50

Technical Education Resources

The Aerospace Institute plays a key role in helping The Aerospace Corporation accumulate, generate, and disseminate information to the corporation’s partners, sponsors, and the general space community.

The Aerospace Press, the publishing arm of The Aerospace Institute, copublishes books with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). In addition, the Press publishes the company’s award- winning technical magazine, Crosslink, which highlights the achievements of Aerospace engineers and scientists and documents the company’s long history of developing space systems.

For those who cannot attend live courses, the Learning Systems Center has a selection of educational materials available that have been cleared for external release. The center’s design staff may also provide educational advisory services or special course offerings upon request.

The Library and Information Resources Center organizes and provides access to a variety of technical reports and professional papers. These reports, produced by members of the technical staff of The Aerospace Corporation, document the corporation’s unique contributions to the nation’s space programs.

51

Books

The Aerospace Press publishes information on critical technical topics in aerospace science and technology by

authors from The Aerospace Corporation, who are among the foremost authorities in their fields.

The Press copublishes books with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA). The following

titles are currently available and may be ordered by phone at 800.682.2422 or online at http://www.aiaa.org/.

Advanced Space System Concepts and Technologies: 2010 - 2030+, Ivan Bekey

Applied Orbit Perturbation and Maintenance, Chia-Chun “George” Chao

Civil, Commercial, and International Remote Sensing Systems and Geoprocessing, David L. Glackin and

Gerard R. Peltzer

Communication Satellites, Fifth Edition, Donald H. Martin

Dynamics of Meteor Outbursts and Satellite Mitigation Strategies, Glenn E. Peterson

International Launch Site Guide, Second Edition, Steven R. Strom

ISO 9000: An Aerospace Engineer’s Handbook for Implementing the International Standards for a

Quality Systems, Roy M. Chiulli

Microengineering Aerospace Systems, Henry Helvajian, editor

Nickel-Hydrogen Batteries: Principles and Practice, Albert H. Zimmerman

Nickel-Hydrogen Life Cycle Testing: Review and Analysis, Lawrence H. Thaller and Albert H Zimmerman

Rocket Exhaust Plume Phenomenology, Frederick S. Simmons

Small Satellites: Past, Present, and Future, Henry Helvajian and Siegfried W. Janson, editors

Space Modeling and Simulation, Larry B. Rainey, editor

Spacecraft Collision Probability, F. Kenneth Chan

Spacecraft Thermal Control Handbook, Vol. 1: Fundamental Technologies, David G. Gilmore, editor

Spacecraft Thermal Control Handbook, Vol. 2: Cryogenics, Martin Donabedian, editor

The Aerospace Corporation: A History, 1960–2010

52

Crosslink Magazine

Crosslink, The Aerospace Corporation’s technical magazine, reports on the company’s contributions to aero-

space technology and the technical staff responsible for those advances. This award-winning, semiannual

magazine was first published in 2000. It is written by Aerospace scientists and engineers and includes articles

on the historical, logistical, and technical facets of aerospace, with particular focus on applying space technol-

ogy in support of national security.

Current and past issues of Crosslink can be viewed online at http://www.aero.org/publications/crosslink.

Themes from previous issues include:

45 Years at The Aerospace Corporation

Advancing the Civil Space Mission

Civilian Uses of Military Surveillance Satellites

Developing Responsive and Agile Space Systems

Developing the Technical Workforce

Ground Systems

Launch Vehicles

Mechanisms, Materials, and Structures

Mission Assurance

Observing and Measuring the Atmosphere

Radiation in the Space Environment

Remote Sensing

Rocket Science

Satellite Navigation

Space Communications

Space Experiments

Supporting Missile Defense

Systems Engineering

Testing

Then and Now: 50 Years at The Aerospace Corporation

Weather Satellites

53

Educational Materials

A selection of the educational materials developed within the corporation are provided free of charge for

reference by space professionals. These previously published or presented materials are unbiased analyses on

systems engineering that will provide insight into how The Aerospace Corporation has resolved some basic

systems engineering challenges. More materials will be added as they become available.

Available at no cost

Systems Architecting

The Aerospace Systems Architecting Method

This brochure outlines the Aerospace systems architecting method, which provides a versatile foundational

reference for architecting activities. The method can be applied to evaluating combinations of space, air-

borne, shipboard and ground systems; exploring new space system architectures; identifying alternatives;

defining the merits of selected architectures; and using the architecture description as an engineering and

acquisition reference throughout system life.

The Art and Science of Systems Architecting

This Powerpoint presentation by Dr. Mark W. Maier provides an introduction and definition to systems

architects, architectures and architecting, as well as methods to develop an architecture, architecture

descriptions, categories of systems, architect relationships, and challenges to systems architecting.

Systems Engineering

The Aerospace Systems Engineering Process

This brochure briefly oulines the systems engineering process used by The Aerospace Corporation across

the program life cycle. The process is specific in its steps, but flexible enough to be applied to a breadth

of programs. It can also be scaled to the subsystem, system/segment, and system-of-systems engineering

levels.

Teaming

Team Map Concept

As a trusted partner to our customers for more than 40 years, Aerospace puts a strong emphasis on team

building with mission partners, advisors, and contractors and suppliers. This brochure describes the com-

pany's Team Map Concept, which is used to reinforce an integrated, systems-based team approach for the

complete life cylce of a program or project, ensuring mission success and accomplishment.

Systems Thinking Applied to Teaming

In this paper, Albert C. Hoheb, Elyse Polokoff, and Lindsay Tilney describe the company's team map con-

cept and its impact on space systems engineering.

Public Courses

Space Systems Education for Space Professionals

The brochure outlines the inventory of public courses designed, developed and taught by Aerospace techni-

cal experts. Breadth of topics, venues, special sessions, professional society partnerships, and sample titles

are provided.

Space Systems Education for Space Professionals

Risk Management Quick Reference Card (pdf)

Cost and Cost Risk Quick Reference Card (pdf)

Schedule Risk Quick Reference Card (pdf)

Advisory Services and Curriculum Design

In recent years, The Aerospace Institute has increased efforts to provide educational advisory services

and leverage existing programs to support the development needs of The Aerospace Corporation’s

customers and the broader space professional community. Although these customers may have their

own education and training capabilities, many have found great value in utilizing the Institute’s design

capabilities and course deliveries.

Institute staff may assist by providing curricula and learning program definition, applying project cen-

tered and systematic program and course development approaches, as well as providing specific, high-

quality instruction. The instructional staff consists of highly experienced Aerospace technical experts

with many years of cross-program knowledge and experience.

Institute design and instructional staff are especially effective in addressing customer learning needs

that require advanced education and experience working cross-community issues to define lessons

learned and best practices. Institute staff may be integrated with customer learning offices as chief

technical advisors to provide ongoing continuity.

Previous government customers include:

Air Force Institute of Technology

Air Force Space Command

California Space Authority

Defense Acquisition University

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

National Air and Space Intelligence Center

National Reconnaissance Office

National Security Agency

National Security Space Institute

National Security Space Office

Space and Missile Systems Center

United States Strategic Command

54

55

Professional Papers and Technical Reports

The Library and Information Resources Center manages and provides access to the collections of

technical reports and professional papers produced by members of the technical staff of The Aerospace

Corporation.

The Aerospace Corporation Professional Papers Database is a bibliography of more than 5000 journal

articles and conference papers that have been written by Aerospace employees and are available to the

public. The database is available at https://aeroweb.aero.org/p_dir/propaprscat.nsf/title?openview&Che

ck=Next&count=10&Start=1. Individuals wishing to obtain copies of cited articles should contact the

publishers or check at an academic library. The corporation does not provide copies of the articles or

papers listed in the database.

Learning and sharing of information is critical to the aerospace business. The technical staff of The

Aerospace Corporation produces a variety of technical reports for the Air Force and industry. These

reports document the corporation's unique contributions to the nation's space programs. For copies of

publicly available reports, consult the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) Web site at http://

www.dtic.mil/dtic/stresources/techreports/index.html. For Aerospace Corporation reports unavailable

from DTIC, email the Library and Information Resources Center at [email protected].

56

A

About the Institute . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Adaptive Signal Processing – T2135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Advisory Services and Curriculum Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Applied Orbit Perturbations and Maintenance – T7200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Architecture Design and Evaluation – S4625 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Architecture Frameworks – S4620 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Art and Science of Systems Architecting – S4600 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

B

Basics of Systems Engineering – S2001 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Boltzmann Brains, Turing Machines, and Other Kinds of Thinkers – S4850 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Books . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

C

Capability Maturity Model® Integration for Development (CMMI-DEV), V1.2 – S4452 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Classroom Maps and Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Collocation and Collision Avoidance Strategies for Geostationary Satellites – T1050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Concept Development – S2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Cost Analysis – S4325 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Crosslink Magazine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Cryptography: Theory and Practice – T4220 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

D

Decision Analysis and Decision Making – S4835 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Defense and Intelligence Systems Acquisition Overview – S1030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Denial, Deception, and Disinformation in Modern Warfare – S4650 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Digital Communications and Spread Spectrum – T2030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Directory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Dynamics of Aggregated Systems – S4825 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

E

Earned Value Management – S4340 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Educational Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Electromagnetic Effects of Natural Lightning on Ground and Space Launch Operations – T1170. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

Envisioning Potential Futures: Forecasts, Scenarios, and Visions – S4641. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Evolutionary Computation for Design, Innovation, and Problem Solving – S4660 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

G

Global Positioning System Introduction – S4210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Index

Ground Systems Overview – S4000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

I

Information Assurance for Space System Acquisition – T4230 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Information Assurance Technology – T4231 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Introduction to Systems Architecting – S4605 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

IR Systems and Technology – T3120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

K

Key Enabling Space Technologies – T1060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

L

Launch Systems Overview – S4120 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

M

Modern Communications Introduction – T2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

N

Net-Centricity Introduction – S4670 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

O

Orbital Mechanics: Principles and Applications – T7211 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

P

Participation and Registration Guidelines for Customers of The Aerospace Corporation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Participation and Registration Guidelines for Space Professional Public . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Parts, Materials, and Processes (PMP) – T8210 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Principles of Space Communications – T2040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Professional Papers and Technical Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Program Measurement Workshop – T8200 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Program Office Data and Controls Introduction – S3020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Program Office Roles and Processes Introduction – S3010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Protecting the Space Lanes – S4910 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Q

Quality for Space Applications – T5000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

R

Requirements and Modeling – S3035 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Requirements Engineering Management – S3030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Risk Management – S3040. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Robotics on the Battlefield: UAS, AGV, and Terminators – S4635 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

57

S

Smarter Buyer 1: Industry Perspective – S4350 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Smarter Buyer 2: Knowledge-Based Technical Management – S4351 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Software Architecture and Application to Space Systems – S4440 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Space Environment and Spacecraft Environmental Hazards – T1160. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Space Protection Awareness – S4905 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Space Systems Design – S2020. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Space Systems Development, Integration, and Test – S2030 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Space Systems Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis – S3038 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Space Systems Operations – S2040 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Space Systems Overview – T7240 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Space Systems Software Acquisition Management – S4460 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Space Systems Software Product Development – S4470 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Space Systems Software Project Management – S4430. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Space Systems Test Management – S3060 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Space Systems Testing – S3065 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Space Vehicle Reliability – S3045. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Space/Technical Education Courses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Spectrum Management Principles Introduction – T2050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Spread Spectrum Systems – T2035. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Survey of Space Policy – S4700 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

T

Technical Educational Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Theories of Conflict and Combat Effectiveness – S4645. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Theory of Games and Conflict Analysis – S4642. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

W

Weapons of Mass Destruction and Disruption Introduction – T6050 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Why Satellites Fail – Lessons for Mission Success – T7300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

58

59

60

61

THE AEROSPACE CORPORATIONP.O. Box 92957, Los Angeles, CA 90009-2957

www.aero.org/education/tai/

Printed in the U.S.A./AC/1911/1-10/RI-1401

Documents

Catalog of Technical Courses and Resources · Risk Management – S3040 ... Aviation Blvd. at 2401 E. El Segundo Blvd. Enter from the east side of the building and take the elevator