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ARE WE MITIGATING HIV/AIDS TRANSMISSION IN TRANSPORT PROJECTS?
Gisela GeislerPrincipal Gender Specialist
AfDB
Content of Presentation
HIV/AIDS in Africa AfDBs approach to HIV/AIDS Joint Initiative by Development Agencies to
Mitigate the Spread of HIV/AIDS in the Infrastructure Sectors
HIV/AIDS mitigation in AfDB transport sectors Challenges Questions?
HIV/AIDS in Africa
An estimated 22.5 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa;
Almost 90% of the 16.6 million children orphaned by AIDS live in sub-Saharan Africa;
Infection rates vary between 24.8% (Botswana) and 0.7% (Mauretania);
In SSA around 59% of those living with HIV are female.
AfDB approach to HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS Strategy Paper (2001) Assist RMCs to develop and implement multi-
sector HIV/AIDS control activities; Support UN specialized agencies; Promote political commitment and synergy; Support sector responses which promote
decentralization, community participation and ownership.
AfDB approach to HIV/AIDS (cont.)
Operations applied: stand-alone projects
in health sector, both at country and multinational levels
Mainstreaming mainly in social, agriculture and transport sectors
1. Institutional capacity building;
2. Technical assistance
3. Support to multi-sector responses;
4. Advocacy, partnership and alliances
AfDB approach to HIV/AIDS (cont.)
In 2008 (MTS) strategic shift of AfDB to infrastructure, governance, private and higher education sectors;
Concurrent shift to greater attention to mainstreaming HIV/AIDS in these priority sectors;
In 2010 Guidelines for Mainstreaming HIV/AIDS were developed: The approach includes both external (projects) and
internal (workplace) mainstreaming both in AfDB and in institutions in RMCs;
As the epidemic evolves the responses must remain relevant and effective.
Proposed activities must be time-bound and measurable.
AfDB approach to HIV/AIDS (cont.)
Operations must consider: How the epidemic can affect the success of a
project/program; How the project/program can contribute to the fight
against the epidemic;Principles include: Use of existing frameworks and institutions; Continuous training/advocacy at all levels in the
AfDB and in RMC; Ownership.
Joint Initiative to mitigate HIV/AIDS in the Infrastructure Sectors
Signed in 2006 by WB, ADB, Afdb, DFID,JBIC, and KfW.
Seeks to strengthen inter-agency cooperation in combating HIV/AIDS in Infrastructure Sector;
Advocates mainstreaming approach; Considers prevention and treatment;
Joint Initiative to mitigate HIV/AIDS in the Infrastructure Sectors(cont.) Focuses on large-scale construction projects which mobilize many workers,
service providers and communities; 1. increased transport activity which might facilitate the spread of HIV
infections.
Calls on use of HIV/AIDS mitigation clauses in bidding documents used for large-scale civil works requiring contractors to take appropriate measures;
Proposes1. sharing of good practice;2. up-scaling of initiative to include projects funded by partner
governments and other development partners;3. Joint assessments.
HIV/AIDS Mitigation in AfDB Transport Sectors
Why focus on Transport sector? Often imports large male foreign workforce; Workers have salaries to spend and are away from
home; Local population is poorer and young women are
vulnerable to promises of money and unable to negotiate safe sex;
Long-distance truck drivers have higher HIV/AIDS prevalence rates
Opens previously isolated communities
HIV/AIDS Mitigation in AfDB Transport Sectors
AfDB construction projects increasingly use HIV/AIDS intervention clauses in standard tender documents for civil works include for example provisions for:
sub-contracting HIV/AIDS activities to service providers approved by Road Authorities;
oversight and responsibility for implementation of HIV/AIDS activities with the Road Authority;
HIV/AIDS and STI awareness, prevention activities for workforce, their families and communities in the project area
HIV/AIDS Mitigation in AfDB Transport Sectors
Budget for HIV/AIDS activities; A HIV/AIDS liaison committee including
representatives of district government sector ministries, national AIDS committee, local leaders, women’s and youth leaders, local NGOs and CBOs and FBOs;
Participatory monitoring of project impact; Action and monitoring plans; Link into ongoing activities; Training of peer educators and contractor staff; Provision of care and financial assistance to AIDS
affected staff
HIV/AIDS Mitigation in AfDB Transport Sectors
A number of AfDB road construction projects made provision for the preferential use of local work force and women to reduce risk of foreign workers;
The Arusha-Namanga Road Project in Tanzania carries HIV/AIDS information into the classrooms of nearby schools;
The Nacala Road Corridor Project in Zambia seeks to increase the impact of HIV/AIDS mitigation with gender sensitization and capacity building of community organizations.
The Wacha-Maji Road Projects In Ethiopia calls for a social sector specialist in the contractor management team to dialogue with communities, also regarding HIV/AIDS prevention;
One-stop border posts reduce border-crossing time.
Challenges
Transport sector is not enough – branch out to other infrastructure projects;
HIV/AIDS activities start too late and end too early; Contractors lack sufficient social/health expertise; HIV/AIDS activities are not sufficiently monitored by
supervision consultant; Projects do not address the economic vulnerability of
many women.
Questions?Questions? Can activities start before the workforce
arrives? How can HIV/AIDS activities be sustained
beyond construction phase? How can HIV/AIDS be mainstreamed in other
sectors? Can transport sector projects address
women’s economic empowerment to reduce their vulnerability to transmission?