APUSH Content Review #5

9. Progressives10. Foreign Policy, Overseas

Expansion, & World War I11. 1920s & Great Depression12. World War 2 (part 1)

ProgressivesReview

Progressives supported greater participation in the political process

through all of the following EXCEPT:1. Elections with direct primaries2. initiative and referendum3. direct election of senators4. city manager government

What was Teddy Roosevelt’s attitude toward trusts during the Progressive era?

1. the government should not interfere with the operation of trusts

2. good trusts should be allowed to exist but should be regulated

3. all trusts were bad because they stifled competition

4. the wealth that trusts created justified full government support

Wilson's New Freedom & Roosevelt's New Nationalism were similar because both

1. expanded the rights of states to regulate businesses

2. removed restrictions on the rights of women and minorities

3. expanded the government's role in regulating businesses & monopolies

4. expanded individualism & laissez-faire economic policies

The Federal Reserve improved the national banking system by providing for:

1. greater elasticity of credit & currency2. a national bank under the direct

control of the federal government3. complete control over all U.S. banks4. federal insurance of bank deposits

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act:1. hurt unions & farmers by weakening

the Sherman Antitrust Act2. helped Congress to control interstate

commerce3. legalized strikes & peaceful picketing4. Protected big businesses from work

stoppages or strikes

Progressives

Foreign Policy, Overseas Expansion,

& World War I Review

By 1900, U.S. overseas expansion was encouraged by all of the following

EXCEPT:

1. yellow journalism2. demands for commercial expansion3. naval views of Alfred Thayer Mahan4. a desire to build up a colonial empire

President Grover Cleveland rejected the effort to annex Hawaii because:

1. the islands were not economically productive

2. the U.S. did not have the naval power to protect the islands

3. passage of the McKinley tariff made Hawaiian sugar unprofitable

4. a majority of native Hawaiian opposed annexation to the U.S.

The Spanish-American War resulted in:

1. independence for Cuba but a guerilla war between the U.S. & Filipinos

2. American colonization of Cuba3. Theodore Roosevelt's election as

president in 19004. independence of Puerto Rico

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine established

1. the right of the United States to build and fortify the Panama canal

2. the independence of Panama 3. the right of European nations to

collect debts in Latin America4. the right of the U. S. to act as a police

power in the Western Hemisphere

Which statement best summarizes the Open Door Policy?

1. the United States should have its own sphere of influence in China

2. Japan should be excluded from trading with China

3. all nations should be granted equal trading rights in China

4. the United States should control international trade in the Pacific

Dollar diplomacy (American businessmen should invest in underdeveloped countries

rather than offering U.S. government loans) is associated with

1. Teddy Roosevelt2. William Howard Taft3. Woodrow Wilson4. Alfred Thayer Mahan

Which was most crucial in bringing about U. S. participation in World War I?

1. British propaganda2. German use of submarines against

merchant and passenger ships3. German violation of Belgian

neutrality4. a German proposal to Mexico for a

joint war against the United States

Germany's “Sussex Pledge”

1. promised a temporary halt to submarine warfare

2. apologized for sinking the Lusitania3. warned the U.S. not to send

merchant ships to belligerent nations4. proposed an alliance with Mexico if

the U.S. declared war on Germany.

President Woodrow Wilson viewed America's entry into World War I as an

opportunity for the United States to

1. reestablish the balance of power in European diplomacy

2. expand America's territorial holdings3. rebuild its dangerously small military4. shape a new international order

based on the ideals of democracy

As a result of their work supporting the war effort, women

1. finally received the right to vote2. in large numbers secured a

permanent foothold in the work force3. were allowed to join the Air Force4. proved that rationing and bond sales

were impossibilities in war time

During World War I, thousands of blacks moved north because

1. northern cities were desegregated2. they would be better protected by

northern anti-lynching laws3. the best-paying jobs were located in

the industrialized North 4. Southerners allowed them to leave

The Creel Commission (CPI) during WWI represented the USA’s first successful attempt at large-scale governmental

1. armament manufacture2. war bond sales3. rationing program4. propaganda

Under the Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917-1918

1. criticism of government leaders or war policies was a crime

2. there were 25 prosecutions and 10 convictions

3. speaking and writing against Germany and Italy was a crime

4. the Federalist Party came to an end

The Red Scare of 1919-1920 was most influenced by

1. massive steel strikes in western Pennsylvania

2. the shock of the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia

3. the demobilization of the American army

4. the tremendous growth of the Socialist party during World War I

American foreign policy toward Europe during the 1920s was characterized by a..

1. willingness to forgive WWI debts owed to the U. S. by former allies

2. domination of the League of Nations3. trend toward isolationism, except for

the Kellogg-Briand Act4. refusal to join the League of Nations

but willingness to join the World Court

Woodrow Wilson failed to obtain ratification of the Versailles Treaty because1. most senators opposed the League of

Nations under any circumstances2. he made too many compromises with the

Republican opposition3. he would not compromise on the League

with Senator Henry Cabot Lodge4. he was unwilling to publicly campaign for

the Treaty

American Foreign Acquisitions, 1917

“Big Stick” Diplomacy

“Dollar” Diplomacy

“Moral” Diplomacy

U.S. Losses to the German Submarine Campaign, 1916-1918

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare vs. Freedom of the Seas

Sussex Pledge

Zimmerman Telegram

“To Make the World Safe for Democracy”

Domestic Changes & Total War

Members of the League of Nations

Article X

“Mild Reservationists”

Henry Cabot Lodge & the “Strong Reservationists”

“Irreconcilables”

1920s & Great Depression

Review

Which of the following characterized the economy of the 1920s?

1. an emphasis on heavy industry, such as the production of railroads

2. a drop in the real wages of workers3. a shift to the production of

consumer goods4. increasing wealth in agricultural

By the end of the 1920s, what had become the nation's largest industry?

1. Automobiles2. Steel3. Railroads4. chemicals

Which best describes the administrations of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge?

1. “The trusts must be broken”2. “The taste of empire is in the

mouths of the people”3. “The business of gov’t is business”4. “The world must be made safe for

democracy”

The most important problem faced by the Democratic party in the 1920s was

1. a serious split between urban and rural wings of the party

2. the party was losing its traditional strength in the South

3. the fact that recent immigrants no longer tended to support the party

4. the restriction of immigration reduced the number of recruits to the party

The conclusion of the Sacco and Vanzetti case suggested that

1. the two men were clearly guilty2. many Americans had an unreasonable

fear of radicals and foreigners3. African Americans could not get a fair

trial in most southern states4. the two men needed better legal

representation

The mood of "normalcy" invoked by President Warren G. Harding indicated

1. a return to the Jeffersonian ideal of an agrarian republic

2. strict gov’t regulation of business3. turning away from Europe and from

the Progressive programs4. U. S. leadership in world affairs

The Immigration Acts of 1921 and 19241. limited immigration from Mexico for

the first time2. exclusively targeted Chinese

immigrants 3. set quotas on immigration from parts

of Europe, Asia, and Africa4. restricted all immigration from

Latin America

Which statement is most consistent with the philosophy of Marcus Garvey's Universal

Negro Improvement Association?1. blacks should demand integration in all

areas of American society2. blacks should separate themselves from

corrupt white society3. blacks must elect their own candidates

to political office4. blacks must prove their ability at manual

jobs in order to achieve upward mobility

Which method of fighting the Depression did President Herbert Hoover oppose?

1. federal welfare programs to give relief directly to the poor

2. rugged individualism & volunteerism 3. loans by the gov’t to keep big

businesses from failing4. increased state and local spending

for public works programs

Part of the reason for the stock market crash was

1. the high rate of deflation in the 1920s2. the 1920s tax policies which hurt the

wealthy who bought stocks3. the buying of stock "on margin“4. the low tariff which hurt American

foreign trade

Which was NOT a reason Franklin Roosevelt tried to pack the Supreme Court?1. most justices were interpreting the

Constitution too broadly2. most of the Supreme Court justices

were conservative3. the Court was declaring too many

New Deal programs unconstitutional4. he wanted to ease the work load of

the Court's older members

The Social Security program of 1935 provided all of the following EXCEPT:

1. old age pensions paid for by taxes on employers and workers

2. unemployment insurance administered by the federal gov’t

3. federally administered assistance to the blind and disabled

4. gov’t-created jobs for the elderly

The purpose of the PWA and WPA was1. to provide employment through

federal deficit spending2. to replace private enterprise, which

had failed so dramatically in 19293. to enable industries to plan

production and control prices4. to provide jobs for African

Americans and other minorities

The longest-lasting change that occurred in U.S. banking during the New Deal was

1. regular and repeated use of “bank holidays”

2. federal insurance of bank deposits3. gov’t takeover of the banking

system4. taking the U.S. off the gold standard

All of the following were achieved during the New Deal EXCEPT

1. a balanced budget2. renewed confidence in banks3. a gradual improvement in farm

conditions4. a reduction in unemployment

The Wagner Act protected

1. agricultural workers2. labor unions 3. minimum wage laws4. African-Americans

The “FDR coalition" that helped the Democratic party to dominate politics

included all of the following EXCEPT

1. traditional support in the South2. Big business capitalists 3. urban industrial workers4. immigrants, blacks, & minorities

This New Deal critic suggested a "Share Our Wealth" program that guaranteed an annual income to every American family

1. Dr. Francis Townshend2. Reverend Charles Coughlin 3. John L. Lewis4. Huey Long

Glenwood Stove Ad

1920s consumerism led to luxury living: New appliances like refrigerators, washing

machines, & vacuums

Unemployment, 1929-1942

The New Deal

–ReliefRelief—immediate action to halt the economic deterioration

–RecoveryRecovery—temporary programs to increase consumer purchase power

–ReformReform—permanent programs to avoid another depression

ReliefRelief: Civilian Conservation Corps & Works Projects Act

RecoveryRecovery: Agricultural Adjustment Act & National Industrial Recovery Act

ReformReform: FDIC & Social Security

World War 2 Review

The strategy behind the Lend-Lease program was to?:

1. continue American neutrality at all costs during World War 2

2. support non-Communist nations at the close of World War 2

3. aid American business interests in Latin America

4. support England against Germany without the U.S. entering WW2

The biggest reason for hostility between the U.S. and Japan in 1941 was

1. Japanese control of the natural resources of southeast Asia

2. Japanese occupation of China3. an American the embargo on war

supplies to Japan4. the Japanese alliance with

Germany and Italy

As Italy invaded Ethiopia and Japan invaded China, the U.S.

1. encouraged the League of Nations to impose economic sanctions

2. sent men, money, and material to the invaded countries

3. was outraged but relied on appeasement and non-intervention

4. joined the League of Nations in declaring war

The Battles of the Coral Sea and Midway were significant in

1. saving the Philippines from invasion2. stopping the Japanese army's drive

through Burma3. ending Japanese advances in the

Pacific4. forcing the U.S. to drop the atomic

bomb

American attitudes toward Jews fleeing persecution in Europe were reflected in the

1. refusal to relax immigration restrictions for Jews

2. emotional welcome given the passengers aboard the St. Louis

3. monetary and legal assistance given to Jews for immigration

4. acceptance of Jews in the U.S.

During the WW2, African Americans

1. moved from the North to the South to fill vacated agricultural jobs

2. fought in a segregated military3. received support from FDR for civil

rights legislation4. were not allowed to fight in the army

Which of the following was agreed to at the Yalta Conference (1945)

1. the invasion of Sicily2. the creation of a Council of Foreign

Ministers to draft peace treaties3. an agreement to divide Germany

into four military zones4. the USSR agreed to invade Japan

once Germany was defeated

World War 2 brought about all of the following changes EXCEPT

1. increasing the number of Americans who moved from rural areas to cities

2. war-time industrial production ended the Great Depression

3. sharp decline in the legal migration of Mexicans into the U.S.

4. dramatic changes in the roles and expectations of women

In WW2, the USA & England agreed to a strategy that would

1. concentrate on defeating Japan first before turning to Germany

2. fight only against Japan, leaving the Russians to fight Germany alone

3. divide all resources equally between the war against Japan and Germany

4. concentrate on defeating Germany first before turning on Japan

Issued by President Roosevelt in 1941, Executive Order No. 8802

1. fully integrated the U.S. army2. helped blacks moving from the South3. required defense industries to end

racial discrimination in war-time jobs4. created a commission to study ways

to create federal income tax

In waging war against Japan, the U.S. relied mainly on a strategy of

1. bombing from Chinese air bases2. island hopping in the Pacific to

within striking distance of Japan3. invading Japanese strongholds in

Southeast Asia4. transporting supplies from India

over the Himalayan mountains

Truman used the atom bomb against Japan for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

1. he hoped to keep the Soviet Union from invading Japan

2. his basic motivation was to save American lives

3. he believed it would show the USSR that the USA was more superior

4. he believed it would make a military invasion of Japan unnecessary.

At the end of both World War I and World War II, the United States

1. joined a multinational organization aimed at preserving world peace

2. formed military alliances to guard against invasion by mutual enemies

3. entered a recession that made the transition to peace time difficult

4. Became very anti-communist and persecuted many suspected radicals

Lend-Lease Supply RoutesWashington Naval Conference

& Kellogg-Briand Pact

Neutrality Acts of 1935-1937 created the Cash & Carry Policy

Destroyers for Bases Deal

Lend-Lease Act 1940

Atlantic Charter with England

Office of War Mobilization coordinated the draft, consumer prices, & the labor force

Office of War Information directed press, print, radio, & film propaganda

War Production Board directed U.S. industry

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