Appendices - JICAopen_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11826526_02.pdf · Appendices 1. Member List of Study Team 2. ... Mr. ALEX Karangwa ... Rwamagana 4 Sovu Kabuga 5 Rutonde Gitega

Appendices 1. Member List of Study Team 2. Survey Itinerary 3. List of Parties Concerned 4. Minutes of Discussions 5. Other Relevant Data

Appendix-1 Member List of Study Team

A1-1

Appendix-1：Member List of the Study Team

1. Explanation of Inception Report and Field Survey (September 25, 2005 to November 9, 2005)

Position in Charge Name Affiliation

Leader of the Mission TATSUMI, Iwao Resident Representative, JICA Rwanda Office

Planning Management Officer MATSUMOTO, Shigeyuki

Water Resources Development and Environmental Management Team, Project Management Group III, Grant Aid Management Department, JICA

Chief Consultant/ Water Supply Planner 1 / Operation and Maintenance Planner

YAMAMOTO, Shohei Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Water Supply Planner 2 / Water Supply Facility Designer 1 OGINO, Masayuki Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Water Supply Facility Designer 1 (Work in Japan only) TANABE, Isao Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Hydrologist / Hydrogeologist HIGUCHI, Masao Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Construction Planner / Topographic Surveyor / Cost Estimation Specialist FUJINO, Toru Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Coordinator TSUTA, Hideo Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Interpreter ITO, Atsushi Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

2. Explanation of Draft Final Report (March 20, 2006 to March 31, 2006)

Position in Charge Name Affiliation

Leader of the Mission NARITA, Eita East Africa Team, Regional Department IV (Africa)

Chief Consultant/ Water Supply Planner 1 / Operation and Maintenance Planner

YAMAMOTO, Shohei Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Hydrologist / Hydrogeologist HIGUCHI, Masao Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.

Appendix-2 Survey Itinerary

A2-1

Appendix-2:Survey Itinerary 1. Explanation of Inception Report and Field Survey (September 25, 2005 to November 9, 2005)

No Date Member Station Activities

1 Sep. 25 Sun On board Move (Tokyo – Kansai – Dubai)

2 26 Mon

Matsumoto/Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito

Nairobi Move (Dubai – Nairobi) Courtesy Call to Embassy of Japan / JICA Kenya Office

3 27 Tue Matsumoto/Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kigali

Discussion with JICA Rwanda Office Courtesy Call to MINITERE Discussion with MINITERE / MINALOC

4 28 Wed Matsumoto/Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kigali

Courtesy Call to Kibungo Province Explanation of the Inception report to Kibungo Province and Districts at Kibungo Field Survey

5 29 Thu Matsumoto/Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kigali

Discussion with MINITERE / MINALOC on draft of Minutes of Discussion Signing Minutes of Discussion

Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kigali Field Survey

6 30 Fri Matsumoto On board

Report to Embassy of Japan / JICA Kenya Office Move (Nairobi – Dubai)

Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kigali Field Survey 7 Oct.

1 Sat Matsumoto Move (Dubai-Kansai-Tokyo) Yamamoto/Higuchi/Tsuta/Ito Kibungo 8 2 Sun Ogino/Fujino Kigali

Field Survey

Yamamoto/Higuchi/Tsuta/Ito Kibungo 9・ 16

3 ・ 10

Mon ・

Mon Ogino/Fujino Kigali Field Survey

Yamamoto /Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kibungo 17 ・ 25

11 ・ 19

Tue ・

Wed Ogino Kigali Field Survey

Yamamoto Meeting with EU、MINAFEET Higuchi/Tsuta/Ito 26 20 Thu Ogino

Kibungo Field Survey

Yamamoto/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kibungo 27 ・ 29

21 ・ 23

Fri ・

Sun Ogino Kigali Field Survey

Yamamoto/Higuchi/Tsuta/Ito Kibungo 30 24 Mon Ogino/Fujino Kigali Field Survey

31 ・ 36

25 ・ 30

Tue ・

Sun Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito Kibungo Field Survey

Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi /Tsuta/Ito Kibungo Discussion with Kibungo Province and Districts Field Survey

37・40

31 ・

Nov. 3

Mon ・

Thu Fujino Kigali Field Survey Ogino/Higuchi /Tsuta Kibungo

41 Nov. 4 Fri

Yamamoto/Fujino/Ito Kigali Field Survey

Ogino /Tsuta Kibungo 42 5 Sat

Yamamoto/Higuchi/Fujino/Ito Kigali Field Survey

A2-2

No Date Member Station Activities

43 6 Sun Yamamoto/Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta /Ito Kigali Field Survey

Yamamoto Nairobi Courtesy call to Minister of MINITERE Report to JICA Rwanda Office Move (Kigali – Nairobi) 44 7 Mon

Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito: On board Courtesy call to Minister of MINITERE Report to JICA Rwanda Office Move (Kigali – Nairobi – Dubai))

Yamamoto On board Report to Embassy of Japan / JICA Kenya Office Move (Nairobi – Dubai) 45 8 Tue

Ogino/Higuchi/Fujino/Tsuta/Ito: Move (Dubai – Kansai – Tokyo) 46 9 Wed Yamamoto Move (Dubai – Kansai – Tokyo)

2. Explanation of Draft Final Report (March 20, 2006 to March. 31, 2006) No Date Member Station Activities

1 Mar. 20

Mon Narita/Yamamoto/Higuchi On board Move (Tokyo-Kansai-Dubai)

2 21 Tue Narita/Yamamoto/Higuchi Kigali Move (Dubai-Nairobi-Kigali) Discussion with JICA Rwanda Office

3 22 Wed Narita/Yamamoto/Higuchi Kigali Discussion with JICA Rwanda Office Discussion on Draft Basic Design Study Report with MINITERE

4 23 Thu Narita/Yamamoto/Higuchi Kigali Discussion with AfDB、MINECOFIN Discussion on Draft Basic Design Study Report with MINITERE

5 24 Fri Narita/Yamamoto/Higuchi Kigali

Discussion on Draft Basic Design Study Report with East Province, Districts Discussion with MINITERE on draft of Minutes of Discussion Signing Minutes of Discussion Report to JICA Rwanda Office

6 25 Sat Narita/Yamamoto/Higuchi Kigali Field Survey Narita Kigali Field Survey

7 26 Sun Yamamoto/Higuchi Nairobi Move (Kigali – Nairobi)

Narita Kigali Discussion with concerned parties for the rural development program and Grant Aid / Technical Cooperation for Kibungo province

8 27 Mon

Yamamoto/Higuchi On boardReport to Embassy of Japan / JICA Kenya Office Move (Nairobi – Dubai)

Narita Kigali Discussion with concerned parties for the rural development program and Grant Aid / Technical Cooperation for Kibungo province

9 28 Tue

Yamamoto/Higuchi Move (Dubai – Kansai - Tokyo) 10 29 Wed Narita Nairobi Move (Kigali – Nairobi)

11 30 Thu Narita On boardReport to Embassy of Japan / JICA Kenya Office Move (Nairobi – Dubai)

12 31 Fri Narita Move (Dubai – Kansai – Tokyo)

Appendix-3 List of Parties Concerned

A3-1

Appendix-3: List of Parties Concerned

MINITERE (Ministry of Lands, Environment, Forestry, Water and Mines) Ms. MUGOREWERA Drocella Minister Mr. GATWABUYEGE Vincent Secretary General Mr. MWANAFUNZI Bruno Director, Water and Sanitation Unit

Mr. YARAMBA Albert Head of Rural Water Supply Section, Water and Sanitation Unit (Dupty Director of Water and Sanitation Unit)

Mr. MUKIZA Odillo Water Resource Engineer, Rural Water Supply Section, Water and Sanitation Unit

Mr. NYIRIGIRA Benoit Water Resource Engineer, Urban Water Supply Section, Water and Sanitation Unit

MINECOFIN (Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning)

Mr. ALEX Karangwa External Finance Unit, Multilateral Cooperation Officer

MINALOC (Ministry of Local Government, Community Development and Social Affairs) Mr. MUSHINZIMANA Apolinaire Coordinator of Decentralization Section MINAFEET (Ministry of Foreign Affaires and Cooperation) Mr. NGANGO James Africa, Asia, and Oceania Division EU（Delegation of the European Commission in Rwanda） Mr. NEUBERT Joel Mr. MUGAMBIRA Jules CEPEX (Central Public Investment and External Finance Bureau) Mr. NKURUNZIZA Emmanuel Expert ADB (African Development Bank) Mr. Mohamed El Azizi Infrastructure Department, Water and Sanitation EngineerCEPEX (Central Public Investment and External Finance Bureau） Mr. NKURUNZIZA Emmanuel Expert Eastern Province Mr. THEONESTE Mutsindashyaka Governor of Eastern Province Mr. GASANA Charles Executive Secretary of Eastern Province Mr. MUSONERA Innocent Assistant of Governor of Eastern Province Mr. NTEZIREMBO Valens Mayor of Rwamagana District Mr. MUHORORO Damas Mayor of Kayonza District BANAMWANA Bernard Executive Secretary of Kayonza District Ms. Niyotwagira François Mayor of Ngoma District Mr. Bizimungu Jean Baptiste Executive Secretary of Ngoma District Mr. MUSONERA Gaspard Mayor of Bugesera District Mr. RUSINGIZANDEKWE Antoine Executive Secretary of Bugesera District

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Former Kibungo Province Mr. NTABANA Innocent Governor of Former Kibungo Province

Mr. MULINDABIGWI Raphael General Manager of Local Finance Audit Department, Former Kibungo Province

Dr. HALIMANA Cyprien General Manager of Development, Economics, Emvironment Department, Former Kibungo Province

Mr. RUGINA B. Jean de Dieu Expert of Social Infrastructure and Inhabitancy, Former Kibungo Province

Mr. NGOMIRAKIZA Ephrem Deputy Mayor for Economics, Former Rukira District

Mr. SERUBANZA Faustin Mayor, Former Rwamagana District Ms. UWIMANA Xaverine Deputy Mayor, Former Rwamagana District

Mr. UMUKIZA Jean Water Resource Section, Former Rwamagana District

Mr. NYABYERA Emmanuel Mayor, Former Rusumo District

Mr. BIHOYIKI Leónard Deputy Mayor for Economics, Former Rusumo District

Mr. MBANZABUGABO Philbert Executive Secretary, Former Rusumo District Mr. FASHINGABO Mathieu Planning Section, Former Rusumo District Mr. KARASIRA Antonies Mayor, Former Rukira District Mr. RUPIGA Francis Deputy Mayor, Former Rukira District Mr. MBARUBUKEJE Charles Executive Secretary, Former Rukira District Mr. KAYITEOI Zainaby Deputy Mayor, Former Kigarama District Mr. BAHIRISA JB Executive Secretary, Former Kigarama District Mr. NZIRUMBANJE Alprowal Planner, Former Kigarama District Mr. NSABIMANA Donahen Mayor, Former Kabarondo District

Mr. BIZIMAWA Francis Deputy Mayor for Economics, Former Kabarondo District

Mr. KIWANUKA Musonbra Executive Secretary, Former Kabarondo District

Mr. KAMANZI Beptiste Water Resource Section, Former Kabarondo District

Mr. CYOBURUNGA Jesica Deputy Mayor, Former Muhazi District Mr. BRIMUNGUG Bapt Mayor, Former Mirenge District Mr. MBONYUMUKURA Emmanuel Deputy Mayor, Former Mirenge District

Mr. GASANA Aloys Chief of Water User Association, Former Mirenge District

Mr. NUSAFIRI Idephonse Water Facilities Section, Former Mirenge District Mr. RWABINGABO John Mayor, Former Nyarubuye District Mr. NKAZAMUREGO Faustin Deputy Mayor, Former Nyarubuye District

Mr. RWAKAYIGANBWA Fernando Water Resource Development Section, Former Nyarubuye District

Mr. RWINGAMBA Ainabb Mayor, Former Charubare District Mr. HABYARIMANA Ladislas Deputy Mayor, Former Charubare District

Mr. TWASIRAMUNGU Alexandre Chief of Water User Association, Former Charubare District

Mr. KALISA Ismail Water Resource Development Section, Former Charubare District

A3-3

ELECTROGAZ Mr. KLOTZ Walter Managing Director Mr. ALLAN Brian Director of Power Operations Mr. KANYESHEJA Jean Bosco Section Chief of Planning, Water Department ARDR(Association Rwandaise pour le Développement Rural) Mr. MUNYURANGABO Jean Executive Director ATEDEC (Action Technique pour un Développement Communautaire) Mr. GASUZUGURO Jonathan Executive Director ARAMET (Association de Recherche et d’Appui en Aménagement du territoire a.s.b.l.) Mr. MANIRAHO André Chief Secretary KIST (Kigali Institute of Science, Technology and Management) Dr. BALIGIRA Robert Gakushuin Wemen’s College Yukiko Ito Assistant Professor Embassy of Japan in Kenya Tomoyuki Yamamoto Secretary JICA Kenya Office Yoshiaki Kano Resident Representative Kazuhiko Tokuhashi Deputy Resident Representative Misa Kenmiya Assistant Resident Representative Riko Saito Assistant Resident Representative JICA Rwanda Office Iwao Tatsumi Resident Representative, JICA Rwanda Office

Masayoshi Ono Japanese Aid Advisor (JICA), Africa, Asia & Oceania Division

Naoko Imoto Project Formulation Adviser, JICA Rwanda Office

Appendix-4 Minutes of Discussion

a4900

Ａppendix-4

Appendix-5 Other Relevant Data 5.1 Result of Electrical Distribution Line Route

Survey 5.2 Result of Social Survey 5.3 Summary of Screening and Selection of

Water Supply Schemes 5.4 Change from Original Request by The

Government of Rwanda 5.5 Final Results of Screening and Selection of

Water Supply Schemes 5.6 List of Spring Development Yield 5.7 Condition of Catchment Area 5.8 Result of Water Quality Analysis 5.9 Results of Electrical Soundings and Sounding

Locations 5.10 Evaluation of Groundwater Development

Potential 5.11 Success Rate for Borehole 5.12 Basic Design Drawings

5.1 Result of Electrical Distribution

Line Route Survey

Appendix-5.1

A5.1-1

Electrical Distribution Line Route Survey

1. Objective and Procedure of the Survey

An electrical distribution line route survey (hereinafter referred to as “the Survey”) was carried out in order to study the possibility of supplying power to planned pump houses from the existing electricity grid (the Grid).

The procedure of the Survey was as follows:

1) Data collection from ELECTROGAZ, 2) Mapping of the existing Grid and planned pump station on existing maps 3) Site survey around each planned pump station, 4) Planning of distribution line route along the planned distribution line, and 5) Site survey and study of the planned distribution line route.

GPS was used to conduct the Survey and the surveyed route was plotted on the map.

2. Survey Locations

The Governments requested 17 locations to be surveyed on the original plan. Five of the locations were removed from the plan based on an initial site study. One new location was added to the plan during the study. In total, the 13 locations listed below were surveyed with total length of 85 km.

Survey Locations

District (former Name)

No. Sector (former name) Water Source

1 Ndamira, Sakara, Kibaya Nyamuganda Kibungo

2 Rubona Gasebaya, Nyakagegi 3 Mwuire Rwakibogo 4 Sovu Kabuga Rwamagana 5 Rutonde Gitega

Cyarubare 6 Rwinkwavu Gishanda 7 Ruyonza, Rramira, Nkamba, Rukira Gitoke

Kabarondo 8 Kaduha, Rweru Gatare 9 Kibimba, Matongo, Bare Kagoma

Kigarama 10 Rurenge Gacaca 11 Kitazigurwa Kitazigurwa

Muhaji 12 Mukarange, Nyagatovu Kazabazana

Rukira 13 Murama Rwanyakagezi

Appendix-5.1

A5.1-2

3. Survey Result and Evaluation

As the survey result in the table below show, all except one location were 2-10 km away from the existing Grid. The purpose of the Survey was to study the possibility of connecting distribution line (low voltage: 0.4 kV) from the existing Grid to pump stations; however, ELECTROGAZ insists that all new power supply lines must be medium voltage (30 kV) and a transformer installed near the planned pump station. Therefore, it is obvious that a transmission line shall be applied for all sites.

From the data collection, it was discovered that the construction cost of a general type of transmission line is about US$5.3 million per kilometer and distribution line is about US$2.8 million per kilometer.

Survey Result

District (former Name)

No. Water Source Total Cable Length for Connection

Length of Middle

Voltage Line

Length of Low Voltage

Line 1 Nyamuganda 3,512 2,812 700

Kibungo 2

Gasebaya, Nyakagegi

6,938 6,688 250

3 Rwakibogo 3,062 2,562 500 4 Kabuga Use Line of No. 3 Rwamagana 5 Gitega 2,819 2,119 700

Cyarubare 6 Gishanda 729 229 500 7 Gitoke 5,684 5,184 500

Kabarondo 8 Gatare 6,856 6,356 500 9 Kagoma 9,978 9,728 250

Kigarama 10 Gacaca 2,966 2,466 500 11 Kitazigurwa 1,888 1,638 250

Muhaji 12 Kazabazana 2,416 2,166 250

Rukira 13 Rwanyakagezi 9,357 9,298 59 Note: locations shadowed were removed from the plan based on the result of the basic design study.

Besides the result mentioned above, the following two issues were discovered:

It is anticipated that a commercial power supply would be subject to frequent power interruption for up to 12 hours a day on average over large parts of the former Kibungo Province, except in the vicinity of Rwamagana town. This would disrupt the water supply. This situation is forecast to continue because even though ELECTROGAZ plans to improve the situation by the latter part of the year 2007, the plan is likely to be delayed.

The running cost for commercial power supplies is 110% of that of a diesel generator because the electricity price of Frw 112/kwh was raised on the 1st of December 2005 from Frw 81.26/kwh.

Appendix-5.1

A5.1-3

Based on the results above, the power supply from the existing Grid is summarized as 1) rising construction cost, 2) fragile power supply, 3) little advantage in running-cost compared to a diesel-engine-powered generator. Therefore, it was concluded that a power supply from the existing Grid should not be supplied at all locations of the planned pump houses.

5.2 Result of Social Survey

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-1

Social Survey Results

1 Objective and Procedure of Social Survey

A social survey was carried out in order to understand the socio-economic and living condition of the people living in the project site so that a sustainable scheme should be constructed under this study. Major objectives of the social survey were set as follows:

(1) to collect quantitative and related information of the present socio-economic situation, water use and hygiene condition;

(2) to collect quantitative information on people’s awareness on their need to participate in the project activities; and,

(3) to collect quantitative information of the present living condition of vulnerable people in the project area. The social survey was executed by means of a sub-contract with a local consultant from the 12th October to 5th November, 2005. The total number of samples for the social survey was 150 for the 10 districts of the project area, including representatives of the community, women group leaders and vulnerable people. The sample of each category was randomly selected from the community in the project area. There were 71 representatives of the communities, 46 women group leaders and 33 vulnerable people selected. An interview method was employed to collect the information from the sampled households employing local surveyors in each district. Prior to the social survey, two days training program for interviewers was held by the local consultant.

2 Main Findings from Social Survey

2.1 Major Industry in the Project Area The social survey revealed that the major industry in the project area was agriculture, with 94% of interviewees engaging in agricultural activities as shown in Figure 2.1. July was identified as the month of highest income because of the host harvest season. On the other hand October or November was identified as the month of lowest income due to no harvest. This indicates that the income of people in the project area fluctuates and is insecure throughout the year.

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-2

29 35 6 1

21 21 11 2

19 6 1 1 1 5

69 62 2 8 351

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Comminity Leader

Women Leader

Vulnerable People

Total

What are the main income sourceof your household?

Farmer Farmer with Livestock

Tenancy Farmer with small commerce

Breeder Small Commerce

Other

Figure 2.1 Major Industry in the Project Area

2.2 Present Main Water Source

Present main water source in the project area is shown in the following graphs;

Dry Season

Handpump8%

Pond/Stream31%

ProtectedSpring40%

Rainwater0%

UnprotectedSpring14%

Other1%

Public Tap6%

Rainy Season

Handpump9%

Public Tap7%

Other1%

UnprotectedSpring11%

Rainwater15%

ProtectedSpring32%

Pond/Stream25%

Figure 2.2 Present Water Source

It was found that rain water use during the rainy season increased dramatically, compared with almost no use during the dry season. It appears that people collect rainfall water using roof catchment or jerry can to minimize drawing water from the water source located at the lower side of the valley. Some people take water from puddles near their houses after rainfall.

Regarding people’s awareness on the quality of present water sources, most of the people were not satisfied with the present quality. The result of the survey on water quality is shown in the following table.

Table2.1 Awareness on present Water Quality Quality Dry Season Rainy Season

Very Good 3% 3%Good 34% 24%Fair 13% 18%Bad 34% 37%Very Bad 16% 19%

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-3

It is supposed that people have no choice but to use such unsatisfactory water sources due to a lack of clean water near their houses.

2.3 Necessary Time for Water Drawing

According to the result of the necessary time for water drawing, most people spend time less than one hour. During the rainy season, the time equal to or less than 30 minutes increases because some other water sources may appear near the house.

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Other

Pond/Stream

Rainwater

Unprotected Spring

Protected Spring

Handpump

Public Tap

Total

Dry Season

～30min ～60min ～120min ～180min 180min～

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Other

Pond/Stream

Rainwater

Unprotected Spring

Protected Spring

Handpump

Public Tap

Total

Rainy Season

～30min ～60min ～120min ～180min ～180min

Figure 2.3 Necessary Time of Water Drawing

2.4 Hygiene Condition

The result on bathing frequency is shown in Figure 2.4. Approximately 85% of people usually take more than two baths a week. Approximately 44% of the people take a bath every day. But it is supposed that many people may take some buckets of water for bathing without enough water.

4～5 times aweek

19%

2～3 timeds

aweek

41%

several times a

month

3%once a week

11%

others

1%every day

25%

malaria

68%

diarrhea

18%

others

1%headache

12%

azuma

1%

Figure 2.4 Bathing Time Figure 2.5 Common Diseases

On the other hand, the common diseases in the project area are shown in Figure 2.5. Malaria is the most common followed by diarrhea. Most people live on hill tops, but they usually travel down to lower land to fetch water, increasing their exposure to malaria. People have chronic diarrhea due to drinking unsanitary water and living under poor hygiene conditions. In addition many children have skin disease.

According to the social survey, although local people have an awareness of the benefit of boiling water before drinking, many drink unboiled water due to a lack of fire wood, being thirsty after working, or a lack of cooking utensils. Some people misunderstand

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-4

that settling water is a form of treatment. Demand for clean water is very high in the project area.

3 Vulnerable People in the Project Area

Elderly persons without relatives, widows, orphans and handicapped are normally defined as vulnerable people in Rwanda. They live in the same village as ordinary people. According to the information of each district in the project area, 10-25% of the population belongs to the vulnerable group. The further from the center of the village, the more vulnerable people there are.

Many vulnerable people live under the support of domestic aid organization and/or municipality. Ordinary support from the municipality is payment of social insurance, supply of housing, and payment of the water tariff. Elementary school in Rwanda is compulsory education and no education fee is charged for it. But many children lose the opportunity to go to school because they must work for the family business, take care of livestock, or fetch water.

4 Willingness to Pay

According to the social survey on willingness to pay, 88% of people showed a willingness to pay for water. But the remaining 12% did not show a willingness to pay. On the other hand, 42% of people only showed willingness to participate in operation and maintenance activity by themselves. The social survey suggests that many people have a high willingness to pay for water but low willingness to participate.

Does your household suppose to pay for water from facility to beconstructed if your household is a beneficiary of water supplyfacility?

Yes88%

I don't know1%

No11%

Whom do you think to operate and maintain the waterfacility to be constructed?

Users (withWater

Committee)42%

Users andGovernment

5%

WaterCommittee(with LocalAuthority)

7%

Government(Incl. LocalAuthority)

45%

NGO1%

Figure 4.1 Awareness on Water Use

The survey showed that the rate of willingness to pay in the districts of Cyarubare and Kibungo was lower than in other districts. Different intensity on willingness to pay could not be found among three categories of social background.

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-5

Willingness to pay

100

93

100

100

80

100

93

100

8793

0

20

40

60

80

100Kibungo

Rwamagana

Kabarondo

Kigarama

Cyarubare

Mirenge

Muhazi

Nyarubuye

Rukira

Rusumo

62 9

45 1

26 7

133 16 1

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Community Leader

Women Leader

Vulnerable People

Total

Yes No I don't know

Figure 4.2 Willingness to Pay in Each District and Social Background

It is indicated that people show a high willingness to pay in the project area. But awareness on the beneficiary payment principle for operation and maintenance should be accelerated through the project. On the other hand, water taps with motorized pump was selected as the most preferable type of water supply facility. The second is public tap with gravity distribution and third is hand pump. Demand for a piped water supply system is very high because people can fetch water near their house and intend to be free from previous water drawing activity. The expected amount of payment per jerry can (20L) is mainly equal to or less than Frw 10. The average expected amount per 20 liters for hand pump, motor pump and gravity distribution is Frw 5, Frw 7.8 and Frw 9.4 respectively.

What type of improved water supply facility do you prefer?

Hand Pump18%

Gravity WaterSupply

14%

Motor Pump68%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Hand Pump

Motor Pump

Gravity WaterSupply

0 Frw 5 Frw 10 Frw 15 Frw 20 Frw Figure 4.3 Preferable Water Supply Facility and Expected Charge per Jerry Can

The rate of no payment for hand pump was higher than for the other types of facilities. Acceleration of people awareness on the beneficiary payment principle is required to ensure sustainable water supply activity in parallel with education on the necessity for appropriate operation and maintenance.

5 Payable Amount

According to the social survey, the monthly income of most households was below the poverty line which has been defined as daily income of 1 US$. The income gap between vulnerable group and others was almost 2.8 times.

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-6

Table 5.1 Present Economic Gap among Social Groups Average Monthly income (Frw) Average Expense(Frw) Common Vulnerable Gap Common Vulnerable Gap

11,039 3,928 2.81 7,214 2,733 2.64

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Community Leader

Women Leader

Vulnerable People

Total

Monthly Income in the Project Area

～3000Frw ～6000Frw ～15000Frw 15000Frw＜ Figure 5.1 Average Monthly Income in Each Social Group

According to the site survey, most local people in the project area are self-sufficient. The above said monthly income may be pointed out as a secondary income. The payable amount for water use shall be decided in consideration of willingness to pay instead of the common index of 4% of disposable income. Payable amount using the common index is estimated at Frw 15 /day/household. Project under such low payable amount will be terminated soon.

6 Proposed Water Charge

As a result of maintenance, the cost estimate for necessary operation and maintenance in each district is shown in the attached table. The operation and maintenance cost per capita per day is estimated to be in the range of Frw 5–10 per jerry can.

A constant water rate should be applied to each scheme in the same district for purposes of equity. The proposed water rate except for hand pump schemes and gravity piped water schems is shown in the following table.

Proposed Water Rate

District Min. (Frw) Max. (Frw) Proposed Rate Rwamagana - 9.9 Kayonza 4.9 9.6 Kibungo 7.2 9.7 Kirehe 7.6 9.8

10.0

Note: The above rates are guideline values for estimate purpose and vary according to the local conditions.

At the commencement of the project, the water rate shall be set as low as possible to stabilize water use at the constructed facilities. Proposed water rate is set at Frw 10 per

Appendix-5.2

A5.2-7

jerry can (20 liters) without any subsidy for the vulnerable group. The water rate shall be gradually increased to Frw 15～20 per jerry can after popularization of water use because of financial reinforcement for periodical improvement of facilities. For economic support of the vulnerable group, it is proposed that vulnerable people who have enough literacy can be employed as administrator of public water tap under the condition of participation in the water committee.

1 Rwamagana Rwakibogo

1-1 Kabarondo Kaduha

2 Muhazi Kazabazana

3 Cyarubare Nyankora

4 Cyarubare Gicaca

5 Kibungo Gasebaya

6-1 Mirenge Rwarutene

6-2 Mirenge Kabadeko

7 Kigarama Kagoma

8 Rukira Nyakagongi

9-1 Rusumo Gahama

9-2 Rusumo Muguruka

10 Rusumo Mayizi

11-1 Rusumo Kabingo I

11-2 Rusumo Gasebura

12 Rusumo Gaharado

13 Rusumo Rugina

- Kibungo Nyamuganda- Cyarubare Kabonobono- Kigarama Gacaca- Nyarubuye Kamacumbi

Water SourceFormerDistrict

No.

A5.2-8

Oil Element Oil Air Element Fuel Filter

EngineerPump

OperatorAccountant

SecurityGuard

Sales Stuff20,000

Frw20,000

Frw150,000

Frw20,000

Frw

570Frw/L112Frw/kWh

30,000Frw/month

30,000Frw/month

30,000Frw/month

5,000Frw/month

20% of salesamount

3,000Frw/200L

8Frw/m3 every 250hours

every 250hours

every1000hours

every 500hours

32,664,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 21,760,000 860,000 340,000 1,048,000 1,161,000 701,000 701,000 1,314,000 351,000 62,040,000

7,264,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 0 192,000 150,000 274,000 0 184,000 184,000 345,000 92,000 9,825,000

16,228,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 10,555,000 428,000 150,000 665,000 563,000 935,000 935,000 1,752,000 468,000 33,819,000 9.6

2,943,360 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 7,622,000 0 40,000 279,000 407,000 0 0 0 0 12,431,360 4.9

14,368,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 120,000 10,000,000 379,000 240,000 624,000 534,000 363,000 363,000 679,000 182,000 28,932,000 8.7

16,480,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 9,347,000 434,000 300,000 438,000 499,000 392,000 392,000 734,000 196,000 30,352,000 9.7

7,971,600 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 9,934,000 0 185,000 391,000 530,000 0 0 0 0 20,151,600

20,140,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 14,618,000 530,000 300,000 558,000 780,000 234,000 234,000 438,000 117,000 39,089,000

15,122,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 9,156,000 398,000 220,000 627,000 489,000 269,000 269,000 504,000 135,000 28,329,000 9.3

15,542,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 13,013,000 409,000 220,000 719,000 695,000 263,000 263,000 493,000 132,000 32,889,000 7.6

3,121,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 2,734,000 83,000 55,000 273,000 146,000 176,000 176,000 329,000 88,000 8,321,000

13,669,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 10,407,000 360,000 185,000 193,000 556,000 263,000 263,000 493,000 132,000 27,661,000

0 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 18,370,000 0 0 102,000 980,000 0 0 0 0 20,592,000 3.4

7,802,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 6,150,000 206,000 185,000 307,000 328,000 146,000 146,000 274,000 73,000 16,757,000

10,707,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 4,891,000 282,000 220,000 414,000 261,000 182,000 182,000 340,000 91,000 18,710,000

26,881,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 120,000 14,503,000 708,000 295,000 596,000 774,000 555,000 555,000 1,041,000 278,000 47,386,000 9.8

9,155,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 5,419,000 241,000 185,000 164,000 289,000 146,000 146,000 274,000 73,000 17,232,000 9.5

10,986,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 60,000 3,785,000 290,000 185,000 180,000 202,000 176,000 176,000 329,000 88,000 17,537,000 13.931,200,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 120,000 10,430,000 822,000 335,000 666,000 557,000 538,000 538,000 1,008,000 269,000 47,563,000 13.715,916,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 120,000 5,769,000 419,000 370,000 352,000 308,000 263,000 263,000 493,000 132,000 25,485,000 13.331,175,000 360,000 360,000 360,000 120,000 12,300,000 821,000 370,000 753,000 656,000 444,000 444,000 833,000 222,000 49,218,000 12.0

Annual O&M Cost

9.6

8.2

7.2

9.9

Fuel CostTotal(Frw)

O&M Cost/day/capita

(Frw)

Man Power Cost O&M Costof Pipe &Supply

Facilities2Frw/m/m

onth

ChemicalDosingCost

FuelTransportation Cost

O&M Costof Pump

10,000Frw/kW/year

Appendix-5.2

5.3 Summary of Screening and Selection

of Water Supply Schemes

Summary of Screening and Selection of Water Supply Schemes Appendix-5.3

Loca

l res

iden

ts s

uffe

r fro

mse

rious

pro

blem

on

wat

er s

uppl

y

Villa

ge-h

ouse

d re

side

ntia

l are

aby

Imid

ugud

u is

alm

ost

com

plet

ed

Ther

e is

no

over

lap

with

wat

ersu

pply

pla

n by

oth

er d

onor

No

finan

cial

reso

urce

is a

vaila

ble

from

CD

F or

any

oth

er fu

nd.

Wat

er s

uppl

y se

rvic

e by

the

priv

ate

com

pany

is n

eith

erav

aila

ble

nor s

ched

uled

.Pl

anni

ng a

ltern

ativ

e or

add

ition

also

urce

s be

caus

e of

less

flow

rate

of s

prin

gPl

anni

ng a

ltern

ativ

e so

urce

beca

use

of th

e ex

istin

g so

urce

loca

ted

in o

ther

sec

tor

Cha

nge

of s

uppl

y m

easu

re fr

omha

nd p

ump

supp

ly to

sup

ply

pipe

netw

ork

with

spr

ing

Addi

tion

or c

hang

e of

num

ber o

fne

w/re

paire

d ha

nd p

ump

site

Cha

nge

of d

istri

butio

n zo

ne

Raw

wat

er q

ualit

y is

acc

epta

ble

for t

he w

ater

qua

lity

stan

dard

.

Wat

er re

sour

ce is

ens

ured

inte

rms

of s

tabi

lity

and

sust

aina

bilit

y

Ope

ratio

n an

d m

aint

enan

ce c

ost

for w

ater

sup

ply

is re

ason

able

Effe

ctiv

enes

s of

wat

er s

uppl

y is

expe

cted

with

a s

uffic

ient

ser

vice

cove

rage

.

Inte

grat

ion

of d

istri

butio

n zo

nes

utili

zing

one

wat

er s

ourc

e

Cha

nge

of n

umbe

r of h

and

pum

psi

te

Cha

nge

of s

uppl

y sy

stem

Ndamira Ndamira Ndamira (GasebayaNyakagezi) 3,875 1,399

Sakara Sakara SakaraKibaya Kibaya Kibaya

Rubona GW Hand Pump 10 (0) YES Revised Rubona GasebayaNyakagezi Spring/Piped New Rubona Gasebaya

Nyakagezi Spring/Piped New 7,964 7,137

Mwuire Rwakibogo Spring/Piped New Mwuire Rwakibogo Spring/Piped New Mwuire

Sovu Bugugu Spring/Piped New NO YES PartlyExcluded Sovu Bugugu Spring/Piped New NO YES Revised Sovu

Rutonde Nyakabande Spring/Piped New Rutonde Nyakabande Spring/Piped New YES Revised RutondeCyabajwa NO Excluded Cyabajwa GW CyabajwaRwinkavu Rwinkavu GW Borehole/Piped New NO Rwinkwavu 2,985 2,985

0->0(1) Added GW Hand Pump 0 (1)GW Borehole/Piped New GW Borehole/Piped New

Shyanda Shyanda ShyandaMurawa Murawa MurawaBisenga Gicaca Spring/Piped New Bisenga Gicaca Spring/Piped New Bisenga GicacaRuyonza Ruyonza RuyonzaRuramira Ruramira RuramiraNkamba Nkamba NkambaRukira Rukira RukiraKaduha Kaduha KaduhaRweru Rweru RweruMushumba Gatare Spring/Piped New NO Excluded Mushumba Gatare Mushumba GatareNkungu GW Hand Pump 4 (6) 4(6)->2(2) Revised Nkungu GW Hand Pump 2 (2) NO YES 2(2)->0 Revised Nkungu (Rwakibogo) 3,797 2,000Kabarondo 0->2(1) Added Kabarondo GW Hand Pump 2 (1) Revised Kabarondo GW Hand Pump 2 (1) 922 922Kibimba Kibimba KibimbaMatongo Matongo MatongoBare Bare BareFukwe NO Excluded Fukwe FukweGashanda NO Excluded Gashanda GashandaKansana NO Excluded Kansana KansanaGasetsa NO Excluded Gasetsa GasetsaRurenge Rurenge Gacaca Spring/Piped New NO Excluded Rurenge GacacaRemera NO Excluded Remera RemeraMbuye NO Excluded Mbuye MbuyeMurwa NO Excluded Murwa MurwaNgoma NO Excluded Ngoma NgomaRuyema NO Excluded Ruyema RuyemaKarembo Karembo KaremboZaza Zaza ZazaKukabye Kukabye KukabyeKibare Kibare KibareGatare Gatare GatareKabilizi Kabilizi KabiliziShywa Shywa ShywaNyange Nyange NyangeKagashi Kagashi KagashiMurambi NO Excluded Murambi Karambi Murambi KarambiKitazigurwa YES Excluded Kitazigurwa GW Borehole/Piped New NO Excluded Kitazigurwa GWMukarange Mukarange MukarangeNyagatovu Nyagatovu NyagatovuNyarubuye Nyarubuye H. Nyarubuye NyarubuyeNyabitare Nyabitare Nyabitare

Kankobwa KankobwaMushikiri Nyakagongi Spring/Piped New YES YES Revised Mushikiri Nyakagongi Spring/Piped New Mushikiri Nyakagongi Spring/Piped New 11,884 11,884Rurenge Rurenge Rurenge GW

GWRwanyakagezi Spring/Piped New NO Excluded Rwanyakagezi

Gahama Gahama

Muguruka Muguruka

Mayizi MayiziCyanyizayonza Cyanyizayonza

Kabingo I Kabingo IGasebura Gasebura

Gashonogora Gashonogora Rwimondo NO Excluded Gashonogora RwimondoGahara Gahara Gaharado Gahara Gaharado Spring/Piped RH & EX 23,563 13,244

Gatore Rugina Spring/Piped New NO PartlyExcluded Gatore Rugina Spring/Piped New Gatore Rugina Spring/Piped New 12,922 4,948

249,883 160,668

Gishanda

RH & EX

Spring/Piped New

8 (2)

Spring/Piped New

Hand Pump 5 (6)

Spring/Piped

(Merged)

Nyamuganda

Rwakibogo

GW

Spring/Piped New

8,718

GW Borehole/Piped RH & EX

F. Mirenge

G. Muhazi

Spring/Piped RH & EX

YES Hand Pump

RH & EX


Murama

RH & EXSpring/Piped

Spring/Piped New

New

Spring/Piped New

Borehole/Piped RH & EX


Spring/Piped

Spring/Piped New


Spring/Piped New


Revised

GW Hand Pump 15 (3)

Revised

YES

YES

YES

YES

New

Spring/Piped

Type of Water Supply

Spring/Piped New

Spring/Piped New

Borehole/Piped New Gishanda

New

Borehole/Piped

Type of Water Supply

New

New

Spring/Piped New

Spring/Piped

Spring/Piped New

Spring/Piped

Kamacumbi

C. Cyarubare

Kabonobono

D. Kabarondo

Gitoke

Murama

Bukokoza

Borehole/Piped

(Merged)

Revised

GW Hand Pump

RH & EX

5 (6)Murama

RevisedPartly

Excluded

RevisedPartly

Excluded

Revised

Spring/Piped

Revised

Revised

Spring/Piped

Spring/Piped

8,223

9,837

8,361

9,639

9,132

22,421

6,960

9,837

29,614

11,983 2,718

RH & EX

C. Planned Site after Study

WaterSourceSector

TotalPopulation

2010

ServedPopulation

2010Type of Water SupplyDistrict

17,026

(Merged)

Modified Items

Eva

luat

ion

Res

ult

16,776

10,082

GW

Kagoma

(Rwakibogo)

RwaruteneKabadeko

B. Rwagamana

J. Rusumo

I. Rukira

Kigina

Nyamugari

Kihere

E. Kigarama Kamfonyogo

RH & EX

New

G. Muhazi

Total

Excluded

16,107 12,000RH & EX

Spring/Piped

Spring/Piped

Spring/Piped 29,716

16,864New

Sector

Kabonobono

Gitoke

Spring/Piped

New

Eva

luat

ion

Res

ult

B. Rwagamana

YES

Spring/Piped

District

A. Evaluation of Requested Sites based on Field Reconnaissance

WaterSource

Nyamuganda

E. Kigarama

Murama

New

KamfonyogoSpring/Piped New

GW

Gatore

D. Kabarondo

Spring/Piped RH & EXKagoma

YES

New

WaterSource

Gitoke

Kabonobono

GW

Nyamuganda

Rwimondo

Kamacumbi

Karambi

GW

Gaswnyi

Mayizi

G. Muhazi

H. Nyarubuye

I. Rukira

J. Rusumo

A. Kibungo

B. Rwagamana

C. Cyarubare

E. Kigarama

D. Kabarondo

F. Mirenge

Gacaca

Kamfonyogo

Rwarutene

Murama

Bukokoza

YES

B. Screening by Basic Study and Design for Revised SitesInitial Screening

A. Kibungo

RH & EX

F. Mirenge

C. Cyarubare

Spring/Piped

Kigina

Nyamugari

H. Nyarubuye

I. Rukira

J. Rusumo

Kihere

Murama

District

Kigina

Nyamugari

NOGahamaKihere

Gishanda

YES

Sector

YES15(3)->5(6)

YES

Initial Screening Modified Items

Kamacumbi

Gatare

Kagoma

Bukokoza

Rwarutene

Kabadeko

Spring/Piped

NO NO

NOYES

YES

PartlyExcluded

Excluded

0->8(2) Revised

NO

NO ExcludedNO

12,774

A. Kibungo

9,057

20,275

new Rehabilitation

29 9

1 219 449 15

Total 64

1. Hand Pump Supply

2. Borehole & Pipe Supply3. Spring & Pipe Supply

Sub-total

Supply Measure

Requested Sites

Nos. of System

new Rehabilitation

9 10

2 214 525 17

1. Hand Pump Supply

42

2. Borehole & Pipe Supply3. Spring & Pipe Supply

Sub-total

Total

Requested Sites after Modification

Supply MeasureNos. of System

new Rehabilitation

15 9

0 26 5

21 16

Planned Sites after Study

Supply Measure

Sub-total

Total 37

3. Spring & Pipe Supply

1. Hand Pump Supply

2. Borehole & Pipe Supply

Nos. of System

5.4 Change from Original Request by The Government of Rwanda

A. Change from the Original Request by the Government of Rwanda (1/3) Appendix-5.4

Add Modify Delete Contents Original Plan Revised PlanNdamiraSakaraKibaya

Rubona Mod. 1 change of supply type new hand pump (10locations)

spring+pipe system（water source：Gasebaya、Nyakagezi）

Kibungo District requested a spring development plan considering the large elevation gapbetween the village-housed residential area and the hand pump sites.

Mwuire Mod. 2 change of source name Gizanza source Rwakibogosource Change to actually used name at siteMod. 3 change of source name Kabuga source Bugugu source Change to actually used name at site

Delete 2 delete a part of coveragearea supply to all coverage area delete a part of coverage

areaA part of Gatare, and Kabuga and Gasharu, which are supplied by Electrogaz, are to beremoved from the project scope.

Rutonde Mod. 4 change of source name Gitega source Nyakabande source Change to actually used name at site

Cyabajwa Delete 3 delete entire coverage area supply to entire area delete entire coverage area A part of this sector has been supplied with the water supply facilities which wereconstructed in 1998 by OXFOM (NGO), thus the objective area is deleted from the scope.

Gishanda Add 1 add rehabilitation of handpump - rehabilitation of hand pump

(1 site)

Cyarubare District requested rehabilitation of the existing borehole with a hand pumplocated in the area where provision of pipe supply system is difficult due to the largeelevation gap.

ShyandaMurawa

Dist.OfficeBisenga Mod. 6 change of source name Nyakanazi source Gicaca source Change to actually used name at siteRuyonza Change to actually used name at siteRuramiraNkambaRukira

Kaduha

Rweru

Mushumba Delete 4 delete the objective sector supply to entire area delete the entire area This sector has been supplied with the water supply facilities which were constructed in1998 applying World Bank fund, thus the objective area is deleted from the scope.

Mod. 10change of site nos. fornew hand pump /rehabilitation of had pump

new hand pump at 4 sitesand rehabilitation of handpumps at 6 sites

new hand pump at 2 sitesand rehabilitation of handpumps at 2 sites

Kabarondo District requested development of 2 new boreholes and rehabilitation of 2existing ones instead of the borehole development and rehabilitation in the area where highsalinity of groundwater is reported. High NH4 content in the groundwater due to fertilizerused in the tomato fields around the borehole sites is observed.

Add 2 （Dele.） confirm new spring site none no changeAdd 3 （Dele.） confirm new spring site none no changeAdd 4 （Dele.） confirm new spring site none no change

Kabarondo Add 5 add new hand pump noneadd 2 new hand pumpsitesand rehabilitation ofhand pump at 1 site

Kabarondo District requested development of 2 new boreholes with hand pumps and 1rehabilitation of hand pump instead of the borehole development at 2 sites which weredeleted from the plan for Nkunge Sector.

Reason for Change or DeletionDistrict

Mod. 9 add sourcechange of source name

Changed Items

Mod.7

Mod. 8

SectorChange from the Original

Request

Kabarondo District requested to add Rukira Sector to the supply area which coversRuyonza, Ruramira and Nkamba at present with Gitoke source.

Gitoke source Ryanyiramataza,Buseruka, ＆Gatare

Since the initially planned source has less potential, the development is to be proceeded inconjunction with the other 2 potential sources. The source names actually used at site areapplied.

Site reconnaissance for these sites were conducted to study on ａｌｔｅｎａｔｉｖｅ sources tocompensate the deleted sites, however it was concluded that the original plan was notchanged because of the less potential of spring water.

Sovu

Cyarubare

Kabarondo

Nkungu

Rwamagana

Mod. 5 change of source name Ngoma source Kabonobono source Change to actually used name at site

Kibungo

Downsizing of coverage area is requested by Kibungo District considering the less potentialof spring water and no alternative sources in the objective area.supply to Sakarasupply to all sectorsdelete supply sectorDelete 1

Rukira to be connected tothe objective network

Gitoki sourcechange of source name Gatore source

change of sepply network Rukira connected to othernetwork

A5.4-1


Add Modify Delete Contents Original Plan Revised PlanReason for Change or DeletionDistrict Changed ItemsSector

Change from the OriginalRequest

FukweGashandaKansanaGasetsaRurengeRemera

Mbuye

Murwa

Ngoma

Ruyema

KaremboZaza

KukabyeKibareGatare

KabiliziShywaNyangeKagashi

Murambi Dele.9 delete the objective sector supply to the entire area delete the entire area This Sector is supplied by Electrogaz.

Kitazigurwa Mod. 11 change of source supply with Karambispring

supply with Gasharuborehole

Considering the less potential of Karambi spring, development plan of borehole is taken up.Muhazi District requested water supply to the same Sector using the existing borehole atKazabazana, but presuming difficulty in O&M of the existing borehole due to the reform ofadministrative jurisdiction, by which Kazabazana and Kitazigurwal will belongs to differentDistricts, respectively, a new borehole is to be developed.

NyarubuyeNyabitareKankobwa

Mushikiri Mod.12 change of source with Karambi spring with Nyakagongi springUse of Karambi spring was initially requested by Rukira District, then the District furtherrequested to change it with Nyakagongi source located in the same Sector because of theinsufficient flow rate (0.4 l/s) and the location in other Sector.

Rurenge Mod. 13 8 new sites,2 rehabilitation sites

3 new sites,3 rehabilitation sites

Mod. 14 7 new sites,1 rehabilitation sites

2 new sites,3 rehabilitation sites

Add 8 add spring development none spring+pipe system（source：Rwanyakagezi）

Supply facilities for kamfonyogo source was completed and are in service.

Gasetsa and Remera2 to beremoved from the originalplan

There exist supply facilities of Electrogaz in Gasetsa and Remera. Those are not in servicenow, but Electrogaz has a plan to restart the water supply.

supply to the entire area

Though the supply facilities were constructed in 2003 applying UNDP fund, those are notin service because of the mechanical troble of pump and engine. They were replaced in2005 applying CDF fund and the service will be restarted.

Kigarama

delete the entire area

delete the entire area


Mirenge

Add 6

Delete 5 delete the objective sector


delete the objective sector supply to the entire area



delete the entire areaThough the supply facilities were constructed in 1995 applying UNHCR fund, those are notin service because of the mechanical troble of pump and engine. They were replaced in2005 applying CDF fund and the service will be restarted.

add new source Rwarutene as new source Rwarutene and Kabadekoas new source

The number of beneficiaries covered by Rwarutene source is only 9,000 against the targetpopulation of 29,614. Thus, development of Kabadeko source is needed to meet thedemand for the target population.

Delete 8

Nyarubuye District requested to incorporate Kankobwa Sector into the supply coveragearea. This request was accepted taking account of the sufficient spring potential to coverthe water requirement.

Rukira

Murama

change of site nos. fornew handpump/rehabilitation of hadpump

Since most of the beneficiaries in Rurenge and Murama live in mountain ridge area, RukiraDistrict requested to reduce the number of boreholes with hand pumps and instead, toconduct a study for spring development in order to avoid the unfair situation to be occuredin the same Sector.

Muhazi

add supply sector supply to 2 sectors supply to 3 sectorsNyarubuye Add 7

A5.4-2


Add Modify Delete Contents Original Plan Revised PlanReason for Change or DeletionDistrict Changed ItemsSector

Change from the OriginalRequest

Add. 9 add source with Gahama source with Gahama andMuguruka sources

Gahama source with capacity of 0.8 l/s can cover only 21% of the total beneficiaries of16,107, thus development of existing Nyagasogi supply facilities using Muguruka sourcewas requested as well.

Delete10

delete a part of coveragearea supply to the entire area delete a part of coverage

areaDevelopment of 3 cells including Rurenge, Bugaruwa and Muganza was deleted from theproject scope because construction of supply facilities are planned applying CDF fund.

Nyamugari Add 10 add source with Mayizi source with Mayizi andCyanyizayonza sources

The existing Cyanyizayonza source is to be newly developed so as to cope with theexcessive requirement which can't be met by Mayizi source.

Kigina Add 11 add sourcechange of source name with Gasenyi source

name of Gasenyi sourcechanged to Kabingo,with Kabingo I andGasebura sources

Change to actually used name at site,Gasebura source with flow rate of 1.2 l/s can cover only less than 31% of the total 16,864beneficiaries, thus rehabilitation of Kabugwe supply facilities with Gasebura source, whichare now out of order, is also requested.

Gashongora Mod.15 change of source namechange of coverage area

with Rwimond source,Gashongora sector andGahara sector to be covered

with Rubona source,Gashongora sector to becovered

Change to actually used name at site,Since the spring water potential is not high enough to meet the demand of the objectivepopulation, the water supply with Rubona source is to be limited to Gashongora Sector.

Gahara Add 12 （Mod.） add new source due tochange of coverage area

with Rwimondo source, tobe included in Gashongoranetwork

develop Gaharado sourceand Gahara sector to becovered

A new gaharado source is to be newly developed for the exclusive supply to GashongoraSector so as to cope with the excessive requirement which can't be met by the existingspring water.

Gatore Delete11

delete a part of coveragearea supply to the entire area delete a part of coverage

areaConstruction of water supply facilities for the 5 cells including Gatore, Nyakabare,Nyamiyango, Kamomo, Cyunuzi is planned applying CDF fund.

Kihere

Rusumo

A5.4-3

5.5 Final Results of Screening and Selection

of Water Supply Schemes

Appendix-5.5

Raw

wat

er q

ualit

y is

acc

epta

ble

for t

he w

ater

qua

lity

stan

dard

.

Wat

er re

sour

ce is

ens

ured

in te

rms

of s

tabi

lity

and

sust

aina

bilit

y

Loca

l res

iden

ts is

sue

willi

ngne

ss to

par

ticip

ate

in o

pera

tion

and

mai

nten

ance

of w

ater

sup

ply

as w

ell a

s w

illing

ness

to p

ay fo

r wat

er s

uppl

yse

rvic

e.

Ope

ratio

n an

d m

aint

enan

ce c

ost f

or w

ater

sup

ply

is c

over

ed b

y an

am

ount

expe

cted

on

the

basi

s of

willi

ngne

ss to

pay

by

loca

l res

iden

ts.

Effe

ctiv

enes

s of

wat

er s

uppl

y is

exp

ecte

d w

ith a

suf

ficie

nt s

ervi

ceco

vera

ge.

Del

eted

Sch

eme

Cha

nged

Sco

pe o

f Sch

eme

Sakara Nyamuganda NO YES

Frw13.9 of estimated O&M cost/day/capita is fairly highcompared to Frw10 of the residents' willingness to pay. Pumpfuel is costly due to large elevation gap between the source andthe distribution pond. In addition, less beneficiaries makes thisscheme unfeasible.

RubonaGasebayaNyakagezi

Mwuire Rwakibogo YES

Sovu Bugugu NO YES

Rutonde Nyakabande YES

Rwinkavu GW NO YES

Frw10.4 of O&M cost/day/capita falls just outside of the upperlimit (Frw10) of the selection criteria. Considering the highgroundwater potential and the flat topography of this area, thisscheme is to be selected subject to reduction of the O&M costby means of replacing motor pump with hand pump.

Gishanda GW

Shyanda

Murama

Bisenga Gicaca YES

The excessive spring water is supplied to Shanda and Muramawhich will belong to a same Sector after reform ofadministrative jurisdiction.

Ruyonza

Ruramira

Nkamba

Rukira

Kaduha

Rweru

Nkungu HP NO YES

Salinity content of the groundwater is clarified through waterquality test and vertical electrical sounding, and high NH4content is observed in the existing wells. Thus, installation ofhand pump is deleted and instead, piped supply from Rwakibogosource which will be in the same Sector area after reform ofadministrative jurisdiction is planned.

Kabarondo HP

YES

B. Finalized Results of Screening and Selection of Water Supply Schemes

YES

YES

A. Kib

ungo

Dis

trict

Sect

or

Wat

er S

ourc

e

Second Screening

NO

B. R

wag

aman

aC

. C

yaru

bare

Kabonobono

Gatare

NO

D. Kab

arondo

Gitoke

Evaluation Result

Reason for Change or Deletion

Frw13.7 of estimated O&M cost/day/capita is fairly highcompared to Frw10 of the residents' willingness to pay. It ishowever planned that water supply to this area will be doneusing the excess water of Gicaca source which is located in thesame Sector after reform of administrative jurisdiction.

The water source tank and pump are being rehabilitatedapplying CDF fund. The project effectiveness is not high fromthe aspects of the less water quantity available and the limitedcoverage area.

Sovu and Rutonde Sectors are integrated into one Sectorthrough reform of administrative jurisdiction. As a result, watersupply to these 2 areas from Rwakibogo source alone ispossible and the construction cost and the O&M cost for supplyfacilities can be reduced.

Since the spring water potential of Rwakibogo, which will belongto the same Sector after reform of administrative jurisdiction, ishigh, reduction of O&M cost can be expected through watersupply from Rwakibogo source.

A5.5-1

Appendix-5.5

Raw

wat

er q

ualit

y is

acc

epta

ble

for t

he w

ater

qua

lity

stan

dard

.

Wat

er re

sour

ce is

ens

ured

in te

rms

of s

tabi

lity

and

sust

aina

bilit

y

Loca

l res

iden

ts is

sue

willi

ngne

ss to

par

ticip

ate

in o

pera

tion

and

mai

nten

ance

of w

ater

sup

ply

as w

ell a

s w

illing

ness

to p

ay fo

r wat

ersu

pply

ser

vice

.

Ope

ratio

n an

d m

aint

enan

ce c

ost f

or w

ater

sup

ply

is c

over

ed b

y an

amou

nt e

xpec

ted

on th

e ba

sis

of w

illing

ness

to p

ay b

y lo

cal r

esid

ents

.

Effe

ctiv

enes

s of

wat

er s

uppl

y is

exp

ecte

d w

ith a

suf

ficie

nt s

ervi

ceco

vera

ge.

Del

eted

Sch

eme

Cha

nged

Sco

pe o

f Sch

eme

Dis

trict

Sect

or

Wat

er S

ourc

e

Second Screening Evaluation Result

Reason for Change or Deletion

Kibimba

Matongo

Bare

Rurenge Gacaca NO YES

Frw13.3 of estimated O&M cost/day/capita is fairly highcompared to Frw10 of the residents' willingness to pay. Pumpfuel is costly due to large elevation gap between the source andthe distribution pond. In addition, less beneficiaries makes thisscheme unfeasible.

Karembo

Zaza

Kukabye

Kibare

Gatare

Kabilizi

Shywa

Nyange

Kagashi

Kitazigurwa GW NO YESFrw16 of estimated O&M cost/day/capita is fairly high comparedto Frw10 of the residents' willingness to pay.

Mukarange

Nyagatovu

Nyarubuye

Nyabitare

Kankobwa

Mushikiri Nyakagongi

Rurenge HP

HP

Murama Rwanyakagezi

Gahama

Muguruka

Mayizi

Cyanyizayonza

Kabingo I

Gasebura

Gashonogora Rwimondo NO YES

Many of Residents of this area is not using the water due to thepresent water tariff of Frw20/day/capita. BecauseFrw20/day/capita is fairly high compared to Frw10 of theresidents' willingness to pay.

Gahara Gaharado

Gatore Rugina

YES

E. Kig

aram

a

Kagoma

G. M

uhaz

i

GW

Rwarutene

Kabadeko

I. R

uki

raJ. R

usu

mo

Kihere

Nyamugari

Kigina

F. M

irenge

Frw12 of estimated O&M cost/day/capita is fairly high comparedcompared to Frw10 of the residents' willingness to pay.

H. N

yaru

buye

Kamacumbi NO

A5.5-2

5.6 List of Spring Development Yield

Appendix-5.6

List of Spring Development Yield

Physi-chemical

Biolo-gical

Physi-chemical

Biolo-gical

NdamiraSakaraKibaya

Nyamuganda 0.8 ○ ○ 0.8 0.9

Rubona Rubona(groundwater)

Gasebaya/ Nyakagezias altenative source 2.0 ○ × 2.0 2.2

Mwuire Rwakibogo(Gisanza) 4.3 ○ ○ 4.3 4.7

Sovu Bugugu (Kabuga) 0.3 ○ ○ ○ ○ 0.3 0.3

Rutonde Nyakabande (Gitega) 0.7 ○ ○ 0.7 0.8

ShyandaMurawa Kabonobono 2.3 ○ × 2.3 2.5

Bisenga Gicaca 2.3 ○ ○ 2.3 2.5

RuyonzaRuramiraNkambaRukira

Gitoki 1.6 ○ ×

water sourcesurrounding Gitokuspring as additionalsource

0.5 ○ × 2.1 2.3

KaduhaRweru

Ryanyiramataza &Buseruka 1.1 ○ × 1.1 1.2

KibimbaMatongoBare

Kagoma 3.8 ○ × 3.8 4.2

Rurenge Gacaca 1.4 ○ × 1.4 1.5

Mirenge

KaremboZazaKukabyeKibareGatareKabiliziShywaNyangeKagashi

Rwarutene 2.1 ○ ×Kabacuko as additionalsource 3.2 ○ × 5.3 5.8

Muhazi Kitazigurwa Karambi 0.1 ○ ×Gasharu(groundwater)as alternative source 0.0

Nyarubuye NyarubuyeNyabitare Kamacumbi 2.6 ○ × 2.6 2.9

Mushikiri Karambi 0.3 ○ ×Nyakagongi asalternative source 3.3 ○ × 3.3 3.6

Murama Murama(groundwater)

Rwanyakagezi asadditional source 0.8 ○ × 0.8 0.9

Kihere Gahama 0.8 ○ ○Muguruka as additionalsource 2.2 ○ ○ 3.1 3.4

Nyamugari Nyakagezi (Mayizi) 3.4 ○ ○Cyanyiranyonza asadditional source 0.5 ○ × 3.9 4.3

Kigina Kabingo-I (Gasenyi) 1.3 ○ ×Geseburo as additionalsource 1.8 ○ × 3.1 3.4

Gashonogora Rubona (Rwimondo) 3.0 ○ ○ 3.0 3.3

Gahara Gaharama asalternative source 3.0 ○ ○ 3.0 3.3

Gatore Samuko (Rugina) 1.2 ○ × 1.2 1.3

Kibungo

Sector

Rusumo

Rukira

Kigarama

Kabarondo

Rwamagana

District

PotentialYield（springflow x 1.1)

Water Source RequestedWater Quality

Alternative/Additional Water SourceWater Quality

SpringSpring

SpringFlow Rate

(L/sec.)

FlowRate

(L/sec.)

FlowRate

(L/sec.)

5.7 Condition of Catchment Area

Appendix-5.7

NdamiraSakaraKibaya

Gasebeya 1,480 564489 9766150 1.1 Dm, Quartzite・Conglomerate Hills (steep slope)

Nyakagezi 1,427 564079 9767088 0.9 Dm, Quartzite・Conglomerate Hills (steep slope)

B-a 3 Mwuire Rwakibogo Rwamilinzi 1,386 547027 9781404 1.3 + 3.0 I, Granitic rocks Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

B-b 3 Sovu Bugugu Rwamilinzi 1,382 547305 9781769 0.3 I, Granitic rocks Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

B-c 3 Rutonde Nyakabande Rubindi 1,396 550471 9783021 0.7 Mh, Schist Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

Cyabajwa Cyabajwa - 1,362 565523 9783330 G.W. Kb, Quartzite (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowlandRwinkavu Gihinga 1,331 567302 9785990 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

C-b 5 Gishanda Nyankora - 1,377 574640 9786343 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

ShyandaMurawaDist. Office

C-d 2 Bisenga Gicaca Gicaca 1,419 565214 9769016 2.3 Dm, Quartzite・Conglomerate Hills (steep slope)

RuyonzaRuramiraNkambaRukira

Kaduha

Rweru

D-c 3 Mushumba - - - - - - - -Mataba - 1,333 548548 9771789 G.W. Mh, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

Rushangara - 1,336 550349 9772647 G.W. Mh, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

Rugazi I - 1,382 564049 9778699 G.W. Dm, Quartzite (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

Rugazi I - 1,382 563718 9777357 G.W. Dm, Quartzite (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

KibimbaMatongoBareFukweGashandaKansanaGasetsaRurengeRemeraMbuyeMurwaNgomaRuyemaKaremboZazaKukabyeKibareGatareKabiliziShywaNyangeKagashi

Murambi Karambi Rwandenzi 1,435 551598 9792583 0.14 I, Granitic rocks Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

Kitazigurwa Gasharu Rwandenzi 1,435 551607 9792574 G.W. I, Granitic rocks (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

Mukarange

Nyagatovu

Nyarubuye

Nyabitare

I-a 12 Mushikiri Nyakagongi Butegi 1,587 581091 9760798 3.3 Gi, Quartzite Fault, Hills (steep slope)

Ntara - 1,375 561686 9752938 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

Ruzinga I - 1,375 561563 9752365 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)

Ruzinga II - 1,346 561006 9748776 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)Nyagasozi - 1,364 562086 9755072 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)Rukizi - 1,365 561813 9753909 G.W. Rr, Schist (weathered zone・fracture zone) Hills (steep slope)Rwanyakagezi Rwanyakagezi 1,356 564499 9757219 0.8 Rr, Schist・Sandstone Hills (steep slope)

Gahama Nyakatsi 1,493 570617 9749654 0.8 Rr, Schist Hills (moderately steep slope)

Muguruka Muguruka 1,553 577964 9747536 1.1 Rr, SchistとGi, Quartzite Hills (moderately steep slope)

Nyakagezi-Mayizi Mayizi 1,492 582819 9750390 3.4 Gi, Quartzite Fault,Hills (steep slope)

Cyanyiranyonza Cyanyirayonza 1,503 581729 9749341 0.5 Gi, Quartzite Hills (moderately steep slope)

Kabingo I Kabingo 1,567 581215 9750785 1.3 Gi, Quartzite Hills (steep slope)

Gasebura Gasebura 1,513 579433 9747292 1.8 Gi, Sandstone Hills (steep slope)

Gashonogora Rubona Rubona 1,352 559261 9744183 3 Dm, Schist Hills (moderately steep slope)

Gahara Gaharado Nyamabuna 1,340 557667 9742096 3 Dm, Schist Fault, Hills (moderately steep slope)

J-e 13 &17 Gatore Samuko Samuko 1,348 563168 9740828 1.2 Rr, Schist Hills (steep slope)

Note G.W. : Groundwater

Hills (steep slope)

Hills (steep slope),

Hills (gentle slope)



Fault, Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

Hills (gentle slope)－Alluvial lowland

Mh, Schist ・ Alluvial deposit Hills (gentle slope)

Fault, Hills (steep slope)

--

Dm, Sandstone

Dm, Quartzite・Conglomerate・Sandstone

Rr, Schist

Hills (steep slope),

Hills (steep slope)

Hills (steep slope)

10

14

14

16

10

11

13

13

15

J-c

J-d

J-b

5

3

3

3

9

H-a

I-b

I-c

J-a

Pumping Station Coordination

Rubona

Kabarondo

Nkungu

562669

566352

557567Gitoki

Ryanyiramataza,Buseruka, &Gatare

Water Source

Rr, Schist

UTM-x UTM-y

9771923

-

9761110

9778242549,308

555133 9753113

3

-

3.8

1

2

4

Gitoki

Kagoma

1,476

1,411

WS-ID

A-a

A-b

C-a

District

1,400

Sector

Kagoma

Kamfonyogo

River / Valley

Nyamuganda

Gitema

Nyamuganda

6

Rusumo

Rukira

Kibungo

D-e

C-c

D-a

D-b

G-a

G-b

E-a

Kigarama E-b

E-c 2

Rwagamana

Cyarubare

Kabarondo

D-d

Kigina

1.1

Nyarubuye

Muhazi

Mirenge

-

1.4

0.7

-

Kagima /Nyakariba

Nyamugali

Kihere

Kabana

Mh, Schist

I, Granitic rocks

I, Granitic rocks (weathered zone・fracture zone)

Gi, Quartzite

Murama

Rurenge

9788998

F-c

G.W. (3.3)

Ruwarutene 1,380 550564

1,479

9764003 2.1Rwagataba

557909

Altitude(m)

-

F-b

RusonyiKabonobono

F-a

Gacaca

Murama

Map-ID

1,366

9772906

1,582

559608

546735 9757120

1,566 9780098

1,447

544663

Geology & physical condition

3.2

ActualYield

(L/sec.)

0.8

2.3

3.5

1.1 + 0.5

I, Granitic rocks

I, Granitic rocks

Dm, Quartzite

Kamacumbi Nkakwa 1,568 581835

Bukokoza

Kazabazana

Bukokoza

RwamishibaKabacuko

Condition of Catchment Area

9761116 2.6

Kaneke

Kabande

1,357 549273 9761040

1,328 9745969

5.8 Result of Water Quality Analysis

Appendix-5.8

Result of Water Quality AnalysisSpring Water

pH Conductivity Turbidity Fe Mn As NO2 NO3 F NH4

(µS/cm) (NTU) (ppm) (ppm) (ppb) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)NdamiraSakaraKibaya

Gasebaya 1,480 564489 9766150 1.1 5.5 281.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.0 <0.2 YESNyakagezi 1,427 564079 9767088 0.9 4.9 223.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.2 <0.2 NO

Mwuire Rwakibogo 1,386 547027 9781404 1.3 + 3.0 5.3 202.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.2 0.2 NOSovu Bugugu 1,382 547305 9781769 0.3 5.6 198.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 10 0.2 <0.2 NORutonde Nyakabande 1,396 550471 9783021 0.7 5.7 330.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 10 0.2 <0.2 YESGishanda Nyankora 1,377 574640 9786343 2.0 6.2 271.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 1 0.8 <0.2 -ShyandaMurawaDist. OfficeBisenga Gicaca 1,419 565214 9769016 2.3 5.5 298.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.2 <0.2 NORuyonzaRuramiraNkambaRukiraKaduha

RweruMushumba - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -KibimbaMatongoBareFukweGashandaKansanaGasetsaRurengeRemeraMbuyeMurwaNgomaRuyemaKaremboZazaKukabyeKibareGatareKabiliziShywaNyangeKagashi

Muhazi Murambi Karambi 1,435 551598 9792583 0.14 5.5 108.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 10 0.2 <0.2 YES

Nyarubuye

Nyabitare

Mushikiri Nyakagongi 1,587 581091 9760798 3.3 6.2 279.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.4 <0.2 YES

Murama Rwanyakagezi 1,356 564499 9757219 0.8 5.4 173.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.4 <0.2 YESGahama 1,493 570617 9749654 0.8 5.7 233.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.4 0.2 NO

Muguruka 1,553 577964 9747536 1.1 6.1 190.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.2 <0.2 NO

Nyakagezi-Mayizi 1,492 582819 9750390 3.4 5.9 137.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 <1 0.4 <0.2 NOCyanyizanyonza 1,503 581729 9749341 0.5 5.5 29.1 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 <1 0.4 <0.2 YESKabingo I 1,567 581215 9750785 1.3 5.8 71.5 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.2 <0.2 YESGasebura 1,513 579433 9747292 1.8 5.7 58.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.2 <0.2 YES

Gashonogor Rubona 1,352 559261 9744183 3 5.4 204.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.2 <0.2 NOGahara Gahararo 1,340 557667 9742096 3 5.5 171.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.4 <0.2 NO

Gatore Samuko 1,348 563168 9740828 1.2 5.6 245.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 <1 0.2 <0.2 YES

- - - 0.4 10 0.2 50 1.5 - No colony/ 100 ml

Existing Boreholes

pH Conductivity Turbidity Fe Mn As NO2 NO3 F NH4(µS/cm) (NTU) (ppm) (ppm) (ppb) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) (ppm)

Gihinga 1,406 565147 9786609 6.2 215.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.2 <0.2 YESCyabajwa 1,373 564665 9782824 6.0 238.0 - - - - - - - - NOMbarara 1,390 564469 9781582 5.7 373.0 - - - - - - - - YESMbarara 1,400 564282 9780699 5.6 301.0 - - - - - - - - NO

Gishanda Mukoyoyo(Nyankora) 1,377 574640 9786343 2.0 6.2 271.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 1 0.8 <0.2 -

Nkungu Mataba* 1,333 548548 9771789 5.5 123.5 - - - - - - - - -Kabarondo Rugazi I 1,334 564049 9778699 5.6 42.5 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 5 0.2 <0.2 YES

Muhazi Mukarange Cyeru(Kazabazana) 1,479 557909 9788998 3.3 5.5 460.0 11.6 >10

notmeasurable

<4 <0.02 1 0.8not

measurable

-

Kukira Rurenge Ruzinga I 1,368 561416 9751699 5.0 196.0 0.0 <0.2 <0.05 <4 <0.02 1 0.2 <0.2 NO

- - - 0.4 10 0.2 50 1.5 - No colony/ 100 ml

Rukira

Cyabajwa

Kavarondo

KiginaRusumo

Cyarubare

Ryanyiramataza,Buseruka, &Gatare

559608

Note：Investigation was carried out by the Study Team using pack test.

*：Hand pumps in Nkung are not in use because of too saline as hearing from regidents. And it was found that the value of Ammonium-nitrogen exceeded the standard.

Detectionof colony

Detectionof colony

WHO guidelines for drinking water quality (2004)

Cyarubare

562669

566352

557567Gitoki

Kabarondo

UTM-x UTM-y

Pumping Station CoordinationCellDistrict Sector Altitude

(m)

549,308

UTM-x

9761110

Water qualityYield(L/sec.)

UTM-y

-

YES

1.1

9753113

9771923

3.8

0.2

5.7

9778242

1.1 + 0.5

9772906

9780098 265.0 <0.2 <0.05

YES

3.5

5.6 256.0 <0.2 <0.050.0

YES<0.05

<4

550564 9764003 2.1 YES<0.05 <4 <0.02 2 0.2

Kagoma

Kamfonyogo

Altitude(m)

Nyamuganda

Kabonobono 1,411

-

1,366

1,476

1,566

Rubona

Water Source

Kibungo

District Sector

Rwagamana

Kigarama

Mirenge

-

1.4

0.7

1,400Gacaca

546735 9757120

9745969

-

544663

1,447

1,328

555133

0.0 <4

YES

YES0.2<0.02 5 0.2

YES

YES

5.1 125.0 <0.2

<0.2

<0.2

-

5.8

<0.2 YES

0.0

1,357 549273 9761040 3.2 YES

<4 <0.02

Mirama

Nyamugali

Bukokoza 1,582

Ruwarutene 1,380

Kabadeko

Yield(L/sec.)

0.8

2.3

NO

Water quality

<0.2

<0.2

5.0 276.0 <0.2 <0.050.0 <4 <0.02 5 0.2

6.1 227.0 <0.2 <0.050.0 <4 <0.02 2

321.0 <0.2 <0.050.0 <4 <0.02 2 0.2

5.2 122.0 <0.2 <0.050.0 <4 <0.02 5 0.4

- - - -- - - - -

<0.02 5 0.2

5.5 88.0 <0.2 <0.050.0 <4 <0.02 2 0.2

5 0.2

<0.05

4.6 104.0 0.0 <0.2

5.2 89.3 0.0 <0.2 <4 <0.02 1 0.4

<4 <0.02 2 0.462.7 0.0 <0.2 <0.05

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

<0.2

5.4

WHO guidelines for drinking water quality (2004)

Kamacumbi 1,568 581835 9761116 2.6

Kihere

Nyarubuye

a4900

テキストボックス

Appendix-5.8

a4900


Ammoniun-Nitrogen

a4900


The value of Phosphate and Potassium are in the Standard, however the value of Ammonium-Nitrogen exceeds the Standard.

5.9 Results of Electrical Soundings

and Sounding Locations

Results of Electrical Soundings and Sounding Locations

Appendix-5.9

N1 Schlumberger Resistivity Modelling ----------------------------------

The current model is :-

Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.6 0.6 200.62 17.5 18.1 51.03 27.2 45.3 164.44 13.5 58.8 123.55 infinite 300.0

1.5 105.0 104.42.1 71.0 77.43.0 60.0 60.04.4 58.0 54.76.3 52.0 52.69.1 52.0 52.7

13.2 60.0 53.819.0 60.0 57.627.5 68.0 65.440.0 85.0 78.758.0 105.0 96.483.0 110.0 116.8

120.0 130.0 141.5160.0 170.0 163.0



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 1.4 1.4 325.02 5.4 6.8 60.03 15.5 22.3 138.24 infinite 1300.0

1.5 306 282.52.1 211 239.43.0 168 177.64.4 131 115.36.3 96 84.49.1 85 79.2

13.2 93 89.119.0 102 107.227.5 130 135.040.0 180 177.658.0 220 239.383.0 310 318.9

120.0 405 421.4160.0 550 513.5

AB/2 Observedresistivity

Calculatedresistivity



N1

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

N2

10

100

1000

10000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

A5.9-1


Appendix-5.9



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 1.3 1.3 403.02 9.4 10.7 81.03 14 24.7 455.04 48 72.7 132.05 infinite 1500.0

1.5 345 342.52.1 271 285.43.0 213 208.44.4 140 137.06.3 102 103.39.1 96 96.4

13.2 104 105.219.0 130 125.227.5 160 153.040.0 170 180.958.0 205 201.883.0 210 217.4

120.0 250 242.6160.0 280 281.7



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.4 0.4 148.92 18.5 18.9 35.03 9 27.9 132.54 infinite 1000.0

1.5 59 50.72.1 35 41.43.0 32 36.94.4 32 36.26.3 34 35.69.1 37 36.1

13.2 40 37.319.0 45 41.027.5 54 49.140.0 70 64.958.0 90 89.783.0 130 123.6

120.0 170 170.4160.0 210 216.2





N3

10

100

1000

10000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

N4

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

A5.9-2


Appendix-5.9



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.7 0.7 301.02 4.5 5.2 73.03 3.5 8.7 253.94 3 11.7 14.85 8 19.7 130.06 infinite 6600.0

1.5 193 177.42.1 114 130.23.0 95 96.04.4 88 85.36.3 94 86.09.1 101 92.9

13.2 93 98.919.0 93 101.027.5 105 104.440.0 140 123.158.0 180 166.883.0 230 234.6

120.0 350 334.1160.0 420 438.4



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.6 0.6 159.02 2.2 2.8 28.03 4 6.8 122.04 13.5 20.3 52.05 15 35.3 78.06 18.5 53.8 4000.07 infinite 247.9

1.5 77 72.42.1 49 50.53.0 40 39.54.4 43 42.66.3 52 49.79.1 60 58.5

13.2 66 65.019.0 68 68.527.5 75 71.540.0 76 80.158.0 90 100.183.0 160 132.6

120.0 180 177.5160.0 200 216.5





N5

10

100

1000

10000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

N6

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

A5.9-3


Appendix-5.9



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.8 0.8 175.02 30 30.8 16.03 25 55.8 100.04 34 89.8 468.05 infinite 2000.0

1.5 104 96.42.1 50 59.63.0 31 30.84.4 23 19.66.3 17 16.99.1 16 16.6

13.2 16 16.519.0 18 16.927.5 19 18.240.0 22 21.558.0 25 27.883.0 35 38.0

120.0 55 53.7160.0 75 70.6

N7-1 Schlumberger Resistivity Modelling ----------------------------------


Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 1.6 1.6 105.02 3.2 4.8 10.03 1.8 6.6 138.54 13.5 20.1 9.05 7.4 27.5 108.06 infinite 950.4

1.5 94.0 93.22.1 85.0 80.03.0 58.0 59.14.4 32.0 35.36.3 24.0 22.39.1 22.0 19.9

13.2 25.0 21.819.0 22.0 22.927.5 22.0 23.040.0 24.0 24.458.0 28.0 30.483.0 40.0 41.7

120.0 62.0 59.0





N7

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

N7-1

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

A5.9-4


Appendix-5.9



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.9 0.9 261.02 6.3 7.2 13.03 32.0 39.2 95.04 24.1 63.3 31.35 infinite 4800.0

1.5 165 156.12.1 84 96.53.0 44 44.24.4 23 20.26.3 17 15.79.1 18 17.2

13.2 22 2119.0 30 27.327.5 35 35.440.0 50 45.158.0 52 55.983.0 65 67.4

120.0 85 81.3



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 4.4 4.4 67.92 7 11.4 11.03 19.4 30.8 69.94 7.3 38.1 504.05 20 58.1 30.06 infinite 1000.0

1.5 68 67.52.1 68 66.83.0 65 654.4 55 60.26.3 50 51.59.1 42 38.9

13.2 34 27.919.0 25 24.627.5 26 28.940.0 40 37.558.0 59 48.583.0 60 61.6

120.0 75 78.4





N8

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

N9

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

A5.9-5


Appendix-5.9



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 0.8 0.8 231.02 9 9.8 51.03 2 11.8 4.34 7.8 19.6 128.55 infinite 9600.0

1.5 162 148.52.1 98 108.33.0 72 74.54.4 59 58.36.3 48 52.19.1 55 48.4

13.2 48 43.919.0 38 40.727.5 42 43.540.0 50 57.158.0 75 81.583.0 110 116.2

120.0 180 167



Layer Thickness Depth Resistivity1 1 1 230.02 3.7 4.7 19.83 20.5 25.2 50.04 6.6 31.8 69.65 infinite 2000.0

1.5 153 157.72.1 113 109.13.0 62 60.54.4 33 32.86.3 28 279.1 29 29.8

13.2 38 34.719.0 45 40.827.5 50 48.740.0 65 61.258.0 80 82.183.0 95 113.5

120.0 170 159.7





N11

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

N12

1

10

100

1000

1 10 100 1000

AB/2 (m)

Res

istiv

ity (o

hm-m

)

ObservedCalculated

A5.9-6


Appendix-5.9

N10 Result of the Two Dimensional Electrical Sounding

A5.9-7


Appendix-5.9

Electrical sounding and existing boreholes at Kabarondo sector, Kabarondo district

BH1: Cell: CyabajwaSector: KabarondoGPS-X: 0563253GPS-Y: 9780034Altitude: 1,436 mConstruction: 1987

BH2: Cell: Rugazi ISector: KabarondoGPS-X: 0564555GPS-Y: 9779250Altitude: 1,404 mConstruction: 1987

BH3: Cell: Rugazi ISector: KabarondoGPS-X: 0563948GPS-Y: 9778754Altitude: 1,404 mConstruction: 1987

BH4: Cell: Rugazi ISector: KabarondoGPS-X: 0563736

VES: Vertical electrical sounding location GPS-Y: 9777208Altitude: 1,418 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 46.1Well depth 42 mGW level 6.5 m

abandoned supply facilities such as watertank (water from Ryaruvusha spring)constructed in 1999 by CARE located nearBH4

abandonedborehole

abandonedborehole

abandonedborehole

an abandoned borehole constructed in 1998by OXFAM located near BH3

in service

A5.9-8


Appendix-5.9

Electrical sounding and existing boreholes at Cyarubare district

BH1: Cell: GihingaSector: CyabajwaGPS-X: 0567128GPS-Y: 9785999Altitude: 1,323 mConstruction: 1987

BH2: Cell: GihingaSector: CyabajwaGPS-X: 0565147GPS-Y: 9786609Altitude: 1,406 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 25.9Well depth 36 m

BH3: Cell: MbararaSector: CyabajwaGPS-X: 0564282GPS-Y: 9780699Altitude: 1,400 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 43.2Well depth 38 m

BH4: Cell: MbararaSector: CyabajwaGPS-X: 0564469GPS-Y: 9781582Altitude: 1,390 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 50.4Well depth 37 m

BH5: Cell: CyabajwaSector: CyabajwaGPS-X: 0564665GPS-Y: 9782824

VES: Vertical electrical sounding location Altitude: 1,373 m2DES: 2-D electrical sounding location Construction: 1987

Yield (m3/day) 43.2BH6: Cell: Cyabajwa Well depth 44 m

Sector: CyabajwaGPS-X: 0565523 BH7: Cell: CyabajwaGPS-Y: 9783330 Sector: CyabajwaAltitude: 1,362 m GPS-X: 0566650Construction: 1987 GPS-Y: 9782850Yield (m3/day) 43.2 Altitude: 1,382 mWell depth 41 m Construction: 1987

hand pumpout oforder abandoned

borehole

abandonedborehole

in service

in service

in service

in service

(1/50,000)

A5.9-9


Appendix-5.9

Electrical sounding and existing boreholes at Nkungu sector, Kabarondo district

BH1: Cell: RudashyaSector: NkunguGPS-X: 0547612GPS-Y: 9775473Altitude: 1,339 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 38.8Well depth 51 m

BH2: Cell: RudashyaSector: NkunguGPS-X: 0547379GPS-Y: 9774898Altitude: 1,334 mConstruction: 1987

BH3: Cell: NyagakonbeSector: NkunguGPS-X: 0547543GPS-Y: 9773727Altitude: 1,332 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 51.8Well depth 51 m

BH4: Cell: MatabaSector: NkunguGPS-X: 0548148

VES: 垂直電気探査地点 GPS-Y: 9772489Altitude: 1,333 mConstruction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 67.7Well depth 51 m

BH5: Cell: Mataba BH6: Cell: MatabaSector: Nkungu Sector: NkunguGPS-X: 0548795 GPS-X: 0549530GPS-Y: 9771130 GPS-Y: 9771293Altitude: 1,334 m Altitude: 1,316 mConstruction: 1988 Construction: 1987Yield (m3/day) 38.9 Yield (m3/day) 57.6Well depth 51 m Well depth 45 m

BH7: Cell: Rushangara BH8: Cell: RushangaraSector: Nkungu Sector: NkunguGPS-X: 0550084 GPS-X: 0550634GPS-Y: 9772362 GPS-Y: 9773028Altitude: 1,332 m Altitude: 1,344 mConstruction: 1987 Construction: 1988Yield (m3/day) 38.9 Yield (m3/day) 25.9Well depth 48 m Well depth 44 m

hand pumpout of order

in service,high salinitycontent, not

for drink

abandonedborehole

in service

hand pumprequired for

repair

in service


abandonedborehole

(1/50,000)

A5.9-10


Appendix-5.9

Electrical sounding and existing boreholes at Rukira districtBH1: Cell: Nyagasazi

Sector: MuramaGPS-X: 0562367GPS-Y: 9756313Altitude: 1,358 mConstruction: 1985

BH2: Cell: RukiziSector: MuramaGPS-X: 0561846GPS-Y: 9754355Altitude: 1,375 m

BH3: Cell: NtaraSector: RurengaGPS-X: 0561747GPS-Y: 9753377Altitude: 1,371 mConstruction: 1986

BH4: Cell: Ruzinga ISector: RurengaGPS-X: 0561416GPS-Y: 9751699Altitude: 1,368 mConstruction: 1985Yield (m3/day) 10.1Aquifer thickness 46 mGW level 14.4 m

BH5: Cell: Ruzinga IISector: RurengaGPS-X: 0561160GPS-Y: 9750767Altitude: 1,368 mConstruction: 1989



VES: Vertical electrical sounding location Yield (m3/day) 24.5Aquifer thickness 47 mGW level 15.5 m

abandonedborehole

in service


abandonedborehole




(1:50,000)

A5.9-11

5.10 Evaluation of Groundwater

Development Potential

Appendix-5.10

Evaluation of Groundwater Development PotentialPotential Evaluation of New Borehole Sites with Vertical Electrical Sounding

X Yaltitude

(m)Geology (GL.-ｍ) (GL-m) (GL-m) (l/sec)

N1 Rukira Murama Rukizi 561813 9753909 1,365 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

0.6-18.1, 45.3-58.8 65 15.0 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed between Rukira BH2 and BH3

N2 Rukira Rurenge Ruzinga I 561563 9752365 1,375 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

1.4-22.3 25 14.4 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed between Rukira BH3 and BH4

N3 Rukira Rurenge Ruzinga II 561006 9748776 1,346 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

1.3-10.7, 24.7-72.7 80 15.5 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed at north side of Rukira BH7

N4 Kukira Murama Nyagasozi 562086 9755072 1,364 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

18.9-27.9 35 15.0 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed between Rukira BH1 and BH2

N5 Rukira Murama Ntara 561686 9752938 1,375 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

0.7-5.2, 11.7-19.7 25 14.4 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed between Rukira BH3 and BH4

N6 Kabarondo Nkungu Rushangara 550349 9772647 1,336 Mh, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

2.8-35.3 40 1.1 0.67 7.5 FairHand pump to be installed between Nkungu BH7 and BH8.Agricultural chemicals and chemical fertiliser are being used inthe planned area..

N7 Kabarondo Nkungu Mataba 548548 9771789 1,333 Mh, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

30.8-55.8 65 1.3 0.67 7.5 Fair

Hand pump to be installed at north side of Nkungu BH5.Existence of aquifer with high salinity content is assumedbetween GL-0.8 and -30.8. Agricultural chemicals and chemicalfertiliser are being used in the planned area.

N7-1 Kabarondo Nkungu Mataba 548795 9771130 1,334 Mh, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

32-36 m 51 0.7 0.67 7.5 Fair

Existence of aquifer with high salinity content between GL-6.6and -20.1is assumed with high possibility. The residents drinkthe lake water near the site because of high salinity content ofthe existing well water. Agricultural chemicals and chemicalfertiliser are being used in the planned area.

N8 Kabarondo Kabarondo Rugazi I 564049 9778699 1,382 Dm, QuartziteQuartzite, weatheredfracture zone

7.2-39.2 45 6.5 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed at east side of Kabarondo BH3

N9 Kabarondo Kabarondo Rugazi II 563718 9777357 1,382 Dm, QuartziteQuartzite, weatheredfracture zone

11.4-30.8 35 6.5 0.67 7.5 Fair Hand pump to be installed at north-east side of Kabarondo BH4

N10 Charubare Rwinkabu Gihinga 567302 9785990 1,331 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

55-80 90 1.0 0.67 12.0 GoodMotor pump planned to be installed at east side of CharubareBH1, but to be replaced it with hand pump for reduction of theO&M cost.

N11 Charubare Chabajwa Chabajwa 565089 9784181 1,366 Kb,　QuartziteQuartzite, weatheredfracture zone

11.8-19.6 25 5.4 0.67 12.0 Fair West side of Charubare BH6

N12 Muhazi Kitazigurwa Gasharu 551598 9792583 1,435I, Granitic Rocks

Granite, weatheredfracture zone

4.7-31.8 35 3.0 0.67 12.0 Fair Installation of motor pump is requested.

Potential Evaluation of Existing Borehole Sites

X Yaltitude

(m)Geology (GL.-ｍ) (GL-m) (GL-m) (l/sec)

Charubare Gisyanda Nyankora 574640 9786343 1,377 Rr, SchistSchist, weatheredfracture zone

－ 54 19.0 2.50 7.5 GoodMotor pump to be installed on a new borehole drilled near theexisting one

Muhazi MukarangeCyeru(Kazabazana)

557909 9788998 1,479I, Granitic Rocks

Granite, weatheredfracture zone

－ 49 2.2 3.33 12.0 Good

Motor pump to be installed on a borehole which is to be newlydrilled near the existing borehole constructed in 1998 byJapanese NGO. The existing borehole can't be used for the newmotor pump due to mismatching of the diameter.

： Deleted site from the aspect of water quality irrespective of the high groundwater potential.

Reference

StaticWaterLevel

DrillingDepth

AssumedDraw

Down ofWater

Level(m)

GroundwaterDevelopment

Potential

SafeYield

UTM (GPS)

Geology

Aquifer

District Sector CellNo.

ReferenceDistrict Sector Cell

DrillingDepth

AssumedDraw

Down ofWater

Level(m)

StaticWaterLevelNo.

UTM (GPS)

GeologyGroundwaterDevelopment

Potential

Assumed Features of Aquifer based onElectrical Sounding Results

SafeYield

5.11 Success Rate of Borehole

Attachment-11

Cyarubare & Kabarondo District ( Zone I & II)*1

YieldThickness

(m)I-Nyankora 1603010 2.22 41 Al-C, w-SchII-1 - 1.80 39 Al-S, G, CII-1-1 1602014 1.02 26 Al-C, w-SchII-2 1602013 1.92 36 Al-CII-3 1603007 1.08 25 Al-S, G, CII-9-1 1603001 1.80 18 Al-S, GII-9-2 1603002 2.10 25 Al-CII-10-1 1603003 1.80 37 Al-CII-10-2 1603004 1.80 35 Al-S, G, CII-11 1603005 0.90 19 Al-SII-4-2 1603006 0.54

2.00 nos.Mean Thickness of Aquifer 30.1 mLargest Aquifer 41.0 m

No. of Borehole withRecords

Additional No. ofborehole throughinterview survey

No. of failed borehole forhand pump (capacity ofmore than 0.675 m3/hour)

No. of failedborehole frominterview survey

Success rate forHand Pump

11 1 1 1 83.33%

Rukira & Rusumo districts (Zone-III)*1

YieldThickness

(m)III-3 1601001 1.02 31 Al-S, G, CIII-7 1608004 0.42 46 Al-C, w-SchIII-8 1608007 1.02 47 Al-C, G, w-SchIII-9 1608005 0.30 35 Al-C, G, w-SchIII-12-1 1609007 1.14 25 Al-C, w-SchIII-13-1 1609002 1.50 21 Al-S, CIII-14 1609002 2.16 29 Al-G, w-SchIII-15 1609006 1.02 41 Al-C, w-SchIII-16 1609005 1.50 33 Al-S, G, CIII-17 1609004 1.92 26 Al-S, G

1.00 nos.Mean Thickness of Aquifer 33.4 mLargest Aquifer 47.0 m

No. of Borehole withRecords

Additional No. ofborehole throughinterview survey

No. of failed borehole forhand pump (capacity ofmore than 0.675 m3/hour)

No. of failed boreholefrom interviewsurvey

Success rate for HandPump

10 1 2 1 72.73%Note) Zone was distributed through F/S of 1992.

Ref. in Rwanda

Additional No. of failed borehole through interview survey

Geological Structure

Aquifer

Confirmation at site

m3/hour

Additional No. of failed borehole through interview survey

Success Rate of Borehole

Geological Structure

Borehole No. AquiferFS

(in 1992) Ref. in Rwanda m3/hour

Borehole No.FS

(in 1992)

Documents

Appendices - JICAopen_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11826526_02.pdf · Appendices 1. Member List of Study Team 2. ... Mr. ALEX Karangwa ... Rwamagana 4 Sovu Kabuga 5 Rutonde Gitega