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Multi RAT mobile

backhaul for Het Nets

Andy SuttonPrincipal Network ArchitectNetwork Strategy19th June 2013

Contents:

1. Brief overview of EE2. Introduction to multi-RAT, multi-vendor

backhaul3. Understanding the capacity requirements

for current and future backhaul4. Ensuring high performance and low latency

backhaul im lementation5. Evolving backhaul architecture to support

small cells and HetNets6. Summary

2Telecoms Evangelist No.5


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Our Orange and T-Mobile inheritance A marriage of two great companies, with strong brands and a combined subscriber base of over29 million. Technology have played a strong role delivering synergies and positioning EE forcommercial and network leadership.

In September 2009 it was announced that France Telecom and Deutsche Telekom had agreedto merge T-Mobile UK and Orange UK into a 50:50 joint venture to create the UKs leadingmobile operator. The new company was officially formed on April 1 2010

18/06/2013Telecoms Evangelist No.5 3

EE: THE BIGGEST AND BEST NETWORK

Europes fastest 4G rollout> The UKs first 4G network

4G in 80 cities and towns, and 55%

98% 4G coverage by end of 2014 Increasing depth of coverage and

capacity in the top 16 cities> The UKs biggest 3G network

DC-HSDPA covering 75% of the

3G HSPA+21 across 95% of thepopulation

> Fibre to 13m homes and businesses> Evolving communication with VoWiFi,

VoLTE, RCSe, and service with qualitydifferentiation


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Mobile video consumption increases with 4G adoption

l i

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Man U vs Liverpool?

KO 13:30

l iKO 16:00

What exactly is mobile backhaul

Mobile backhaul provides the control and user plane connectivity betweenthe radio base stations at the cell sites and associated network nodes onthe connectivity sites (edge of the core network)

2G GSM BTS & BSC (Abis)

3G UMTS NodeB & RNC (Iub)

4G LTE eNB & SeGW, then on to EPC (S1) [+X2 transport]

In addition, the backhaul network carries network control, operations andmaintenance traffic

Mobile backhaul must scale to support the capacity requirements of theRAN technologies 2G/3G/4G, possibly WiFi too

Mobile backhaul must meet strict performance criteria relating to latency,packet delay variation and packet error loss rate



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GSM network architecture (HLR and databases not illustrated)GERAN - GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network

MSS

BTS

2GBTS

BSC+PCU

TRAU/MGW MGW

2GBTS

BTS

BSC+PCU

SGSN GGSN

7Red and blue lines refer to control and user plane

UMTS Network Architecture (HLR and databases not illustrated)Over time the CS & PS core have become common to both2G & 3G Radio Access Networks

MSS

NodeB

3GNodeB

3G

RNC TRAU/MGW MGW

NodeB

3GNodeB

RNC SGSN GGSN

Red and blue lines refer to control and user plane 8


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EPS - Evolved Packet SystemLTE - Long Term Evolution / EPC - Evolved Packet Core

eNB

4GeNB

MME

S-GW

PDN-GW

PCRF

R8 LTE specifies an IP TNL, eNBs support Ethernet connectivity

4GeNB


3GPP mobile backhaul interfaces

2GBTS

3GNodeB

BSC

RNC

Abis interface

Iub interface

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eNB EPC


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Mobile backhaul

Mobile backhaul is a complex subject, its farmore than transmission Developing a mobile backhaul architecture and

associated technical strate re uires a detailedunderstanding of:

Multiple mobile RAN technologies GSM/EDGE, UMTS/HSPA+ & LTE

Tele-traffic theory and dimensioning in a post-Erlang environment

Transport technologies , , erne , , , , ,

Physical layer transmission systems Fibre, Copper & Microwave

Operations, administration, maintenance andprovisioning

QoS, Synchronisation, regulation etcTelecoms Evangelist No.5 11

Mobile backhaul traffic - high level representation

Group Flow

2G

CS voiceCS dataPS dataControl lanel lO&M

3G

rt DCHnrt DCHHSPA

Control planeO&M

LTE

QCI 1QCI 2QCI 3QCI 4QCI 5QCI 6QCI 7

2GBTS

3GNodeB

4GeNB

BSC

RNC

IEEE1588-2008Precision Timing Protocol

Abis

Iub

S1 (+X2)


QCI 8QCI 9S1 Control planeO&M

X2 User PlaneX2 Control Plane

MgmtCSG O&MTx O&MIP IGP etc.

Sync IEEE1588v2 PTP

SeGW

NMS

Microwave

IDU

OAM fromexternal equipmentmicrowave, routers etc.


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Real LTE deployment in multi-RAT network- Focus on mobile backhaul


Backhaul capacity for Super Macros

Macro cell evolution is the first step towards HetNets

Super macros contain multiple RATs, including multi-band LTE

Super Macros will typically contain 3 or 6 cell sectors

Available spectrum includes: 2 x 5MHz @800MHz

2 x 45MHz @1800MHz

2 x 20MHz @2100MHz

2 x 35MHz @ 2600MHz

Super macros may be standalone sites with ELL or hub sites for sub-tended microwave connected sites

Backhaul may support more than one MNOTelecoms Evangelist No.5 16


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Optimising end to end LTE traffic performanceUser data rate/throughput, latency, PDV, PELR, availability

Radio interfaceResource allocationRetransmissions etc.

Microwave CSG Backhaul circuit S1 flex IP VPN EPC Peering


UE

UE radio layer Applications optimisation eNB processing MASG Security infrastructure SGi service LAN

Externalnetworks

and back

Network evolution - Super Macros, Small cells and in-building solutions

Microcell Microcell

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Indoorsolutions

Hot spot Cell edge

Small Cells as anunderlay network

Telecoms Evangelist No.5


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Network evolution - Super Macros, Small cells and in-building solutions

Mobile backhaul may be integrated with themacro network or, decoupled (complete off-

load) or, a hybrid of the two approaches

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Several factors will influence decisions deployment timeline, RAT, spectrumstrategy and future network evolution strategy (co-ordination, C-RAN etc.)

Telecoms Evangelist No.5

Small cell backhaul architecture two options

Backhaul could be fully integrated with the macro network or completelydecoupled with an overlay (underlay) solution

--opens up future opportunities for coupling between layers

Dedicated backhaul decouples the traffic load between macro and smallcell backhaul solutions may limit future options for co-ordination

Requirements will change as we evolve from 3G to LTE small cells



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Small cell backhaul architectures- integrated or decoupled


Macro backhaul not illustrated for clarity

Small cell backhaul architectures- integrated or decoupled or a hybrid of the two





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Summary

Many factors will influence mobile backhaulevolution technical, commercial, regulatory,strate ic

Backhaul capacity needs to scale significantly tosupport multi-RAT base station sites, particularlyif backhaul is shared between operators

Single RAN platforms support Co-Tx of multipleRAT backhaul over a single physical interface

ua y o exper ence s an en o enconsideration, however backhaul could have asignificant impactSmall cells must integrate in a cost-optimisedmanner, consider evolution to HetNets

23Telecoms Evangelist No.5 23

THANK YOU

[email protected]

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