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La Guerra SuciaLa Guerra Sucia
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American Journalist and single mother, LeslieCorrales, travels to Argentina to investigatethe suspicious disappearance of ‘Raúl,’ the sonof Magdalena Casasnovas. When Leslie discov-ers that Raúl, along with tens of thousands ofother suspected dissidents, has suffered hor-rific atrocities at the hands of the Argentinegovernment, she finds herself in a life-alteringseries of events. Will she escape with her lifeand with the information she needs to help theArgentine people?
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GUERRAcover2_Layout 1 8/25/16 12:47 PM Page 1
La Guerra Sucia
Nathaniel Kirby
Cover and Chapter Art by
Irene Jiménez Casasnovas
Edited byCarol Gaab
Copyright © 2011 Fluency Matters
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-934958-05-6
Fluency Matters, P.O. Box 11624, Chandler, AZ 85248
[email protected] • FluencyMatters.com
A NOTE TO THE READERThis compelling story is fictional, but it could
have happened, and similar tragedies actuallyhave happened to thousands of Argentine citizens.There are families who are still, to this day, lookingfor their loved ones, wondering what happened tothem.
This book is written strategically and compre-hensibly at a third to fourth year level to help youpick up advanced grammatical structures. If youare reading to learn/improve your Spanish, wesuggest you peruse the glossary to familiarizeyourself with some common structures that areused throughout the story, particulary those phra-ses that contain various forms of ‘haber’.
A comprehensive glossary lists all high-fre-quency words and phrases. In addition, it includesmore advanced and complex structures, which arealso footnoted at the bottom of each page wherethey occur. At times, you will find literal transla-tions given, as well as figurative translations (howwe would say it in English) in [brackets].
We hope you enjoy the story...
Índice
Capítulo 1: La gran oportunidad de su vida . . . . . . . . . 1
Capítulo 2: Una decisión crítica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Capítulo 3: Una historia trágica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Capítulo 4: La llegada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Capítulo 5: Una madre inconsolable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Capítulo 6: Una desaparición sospechosa . . . . . . . . . . 36
Capítulo 7: Las Abuelas de La Plaza de Mayo . . . . . . . . 45
Capítulo 8: Un sentimiento de inquietud . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Capítulo 9: Una cita angustiosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Capítulo 10: Una reunión inesperada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Capítulo 11: Una foto crucial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Capítulo 12: La espera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Epílogo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Glosario. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Capítulo 1La gran oportunidad de su vida
Viernes 7 de octubre de 1977
Eran las siete de la mañana cuando sonó elteléfono. Leslie estaba tomando café y sus hijos,Nick y Álex, todavía estaban durmiendo. Leslie
1
contestó el teléfono. Era su jefe, el editor del perió-dico. Quería hablar con ella tan pronto como lle-gara1 al trabajo, así que Leslie les gritó a sus hijos:
– ¡Chicos, levántense! Si no se levantanahora mismo, van a llegar tarde a sus cla-ses. ¡Este es el último aviso que les doy!
Los muchachos finalmente se despertaron ysalieron para la escuela en el viejo carro de Nick.
Leslie se bañó y se arregló rápidamente parair a la oficina. Estaba un poco nerviosa porque nosabía qué era lo que quería su jefe. Él casi nuncala llamaba a casa. ¿Habría algún problema serioen el trabajo? Tan pronto como acabó de arreglar-se, salió para la estación para tomar el tren que lallevaría hasta su trabajo en Manhattan.
Al llegar, vio que su jefe estaba en la puertaesperándola. Tenía en la mano una carpeta biengrande llena de papeles. Le dijo:
– Buenos días Leslie, necesito hablar conti-go de inmediato. Vamos a mi oficina.
Leslie, un poco nerviosa, le preguntó:
1tan pronto como llegara - as soon as she arrived
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2
– ¿Qué pasa? ¿Hay algún problema? – No, ninguno. Lo siento, no quería preocu-
parte. Tan solo2 quiero hablarte sobre laoportunidad de escribir un artículo suma-mente interesante.
Los dos entraron a la oficina del editor, Lesliese acercó a la gran mesa de conferencias y sesentó, mientras él preparaba dos tazas de café.Entonces él empezó a explicar:
– Leslie, tú siempre has sido mi mejor perio-dista3 de investigación. Tus artículos sonsiempre objetivos e interesantes y muybien recibidos por el público. Sé que tie-nes aspiraciones profesionales y deseosde llegar a ser una respetada y reconoci-da periodista. No cabe duda4 de que tie-nes el potencial necesario para cumplirtus sueños. Es por ello que quiero hablar-te de estos papeles que recibí anoche.
El editor abrió entonces la carpeta, sacó lospapeles y empezó a explicar:
2tan solo - only3periodista - journalist, reporter4no cabe duda - there is no doubt
Capítulo 1
3
– Leslie, aquí tengo varios informes sobreuna serie de misteriosas desaparicionesde gente en la Argentina. Según estospapeles, el gobierno tiene muchos secre-tos que esconde y está poniendo demasia-do esfuerzo en ello. He recibido tambiénvarias peticiones de ayuda aquí en WorldReport Magazine. Peticiones de gentesuplicándonos que destapemos los secre-tos que el gobierno está poniendo tantoesfuerzo en ocultar. Quieren que elmundo sepa5 lo que en realidad estápasando en Argentina. Leslie, este es unproyecto sumamente prometedor6.Escribir este artículo puede ser la oportu-nidad que siempre has esperado; la quenecesitas para ganarte el respeto y la famade periodista de investigación que tantodeseas y mereces. Puede convertirse en elartículo de tu vida. ¿Qué me dices?
– ¡Pues... sí, es una gran oportunidad y no
5que el mundo sepa - that the world [would] know6sumamente prometedor - extremely promising
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4
sabes cuánto te agradezco tu oferta! Perotengo que pensarlo bien: Nick y Álextodavía me necesitan. ¿Cuándo tienes enmente que me vaya? ¿Por cuánto tiempocrees que sería?
– Quiero que te vayas lo más pronto posi-ble; tengo unos contactos en Argentinaque están listos y a la espera de hablarcontigo. No sería por mucho tiempo.Creo que la investigación y redacción7 delartículo te llevarían una semana o doscuando mucho8. No es demasiado tiem-po… Tus hijos ya están grandes, ¿verdad?
– Sí, Álex tiene dieciséis y Nick ya tiene die-ciocho años. Pero, ¿sería peligroso? Si elgobierno está realmente escondiendosecretos, a ellos no les va a interesar queuna reportera de World Report Magazineande haciendo preguntas e investigandopor el país.
– Yo no creo que sea peligroso. De todos
7redacción - writing8cuando mucho - at most
Capítulo 1
5
modos, estos informes pueden ser falsos yentonces los rumores y mentiras en contradel gobierno se convertirían precisamenteen el tema de tu artículo. Es por eso quequiero que vayas…, para que investiguesy descubras cuál es la verdad.
– Pues, debo pensarlo bien. ¿Cuándo nece-sitas mi respuesta?
– Mañana por la mañana. Considéralo bien:si tú no quisieras escribir este artículo,habría muchos otros reporteros felices dehacerlo.
– Bueno, te agradezco muchísimo esta ofer-ta. Esta noche lo hablaré con mis hijos ytomaré una decisión. Tendrás mi respues-ta mañana a primera hora.
Al final del día, al salir de la oficina, el editorle repitió:
– De verdad, Leslie, este puede ser el artícu-lo de tu vida.
6
La Guerra Sucia
7
Capítulo 2Una decisión crítica
Por la noche, mientras Leslie preparaba lacena, no podía dejar de pensar en la conversaciónque había tenido con el editor por la mañana.Estaba claro que ir a la Argentina beneficiaría su
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8
carrera enormemente. Por otro lado, no queríadejar a los muchachos solos durante el tiempo queella estuviera fuera1; pero considerando todas lasopciones posibles, Leslie había decidido que lle-varlos con ella a Argentina no era una buena idea.Ellos tenían sus clases y actividades escolares.Además, a su edad, no debían quedarse a solas enun país extranjero mientras ella estuviera2 traba-jando.
Leslie seguía considerando todas sus opcionesy estaba llena de dudas cuando Nick llegó a casa.Venía cansadísimo y todo sudado de su entrena-miento de fútbol. Cuando entró a la cocina, Lesliele preguntó:
– ¿Cómo te fue tu día?– Bien, pero estoy rendido. Estamos entre-
nando muy duro para la liga de NuevaJersey. Si ganamos los tres últimos parti-dos, clasificaremos para jugar en lanacional. Nuestro entrenador nos dijohoy que todos dicen que vamos a ganar.
1que ella estuviera fuera - that she was out [gone]2mientras ella estuviera - while she was [would be]
9
Capítulo 2
De repente, Leslie se sintió como si fuera unamala madre. Se le había olvidado completamenteel importante campeonato de Nick. Por eso no lemencionó nada en absoluto sobre su posible viajea la Argentina, sino que3 le dijo:
– ¡Excelente, Nick! Están entrenando tanduro y con tanto esfuerzo que no mecabe ninguna duda de que se lo mere-cen. ¡Ojalá que ganen el torneo! Seríaun momento increíblemente especialpara ustedes y por supuesto, tambiénpara mí.
En ese momento, con la cena ya lista, Leslie lepidió a Nick:
– ¿Por qué no vas al cuarto de Álex y leavisas que la cena ya está lista?
Nick, sin salir de la cocina, llamó a su herma-no a gritos:
– ¡Álex, LA COMIDA! ¡Tienes que salir detu cueva cinco minutitos para comer!
– Nick, ¿por qué eres tan malo con tu her-mano? –le preguntó Leslie.
3sino que - but [rather, instead]
– Mami, es que Álex es un raro. Se pasatodo el día encerrado en su cuarto tocan-do la guitarra y escuchando músicadeprimente.
– Nick..., tranquilo…; ya basta. Álex no esningún raro. A Álex simplemente no leinteresan los deportes tanto como a ti.Eso no significa que él sea raro. A ti teencantan los deportes y a él le gusta lamúsica. Ustedes tienen intereses diferen-tes, nada más. No todos somos igualesen este mundo Nick, ¿sabes?
– Por suerte –respondió Nick en voz bajita.– Te oí, Nick…
Cuando Álex salió de su cuarto, los tres sesentaron a la mesa de la cocina para cenar.Durante la cena, Leslie les anunció a los mucha-chos:
– Tenemos que hablar de algo importante.Hoy en la oficina el editor del periódicome propuso algo sumamente interesante.Quiere que vaya a Argentina. Se trata deuna excelente oportunidad para escribir
La Guerra Sucia
10
un artículo de gran importancia. Él insis-te en que este artículo puede ayudarmeconsiderablemente a avanzar en micarrera periodística y darme las mejoresoportunidades posibles en el campo delreportaje de investigación. También measegura que este artículo es muy prome-tedor económicamente y que puede sig-nificar mucho dinero. Yo no sé si deberíair o no. ¿Qué opinan ustedes?
Álex respondió primero:– ¿Mami, nos vas a dejar otra vez? Parece
que siempre te están ofreciendo artículossúper importantes. Tu editor siempre tedice que te vas a hacer rica y famosa, ytu trabajo siempre termina siendo4 másimportante que nosotros.
– Tranquilo, Álex, –respondió Leslie contono serio–. Tú bien sabes que nosotrosdependemos del dinero que gano en mitrabajo. Yo me mato todos los días, tra-tando de estar aquí para todo lo que
4termina siendo - it ends up being
Capítulo 2
11
La Guerra Sucia
12
ustedes necesitan, así como en el traba-jo. Desde que papá se enfermó y murióhe tenido que ocuparme yo sola dehacer todo lo necesario para salir adelan-te y apoyar a la familia. Así que, túpodrías tener un poco más de respeto yconsideración. ¿Comprendes?
– Sí mami. Perdón, –contestó Álex– Pero,¿por cuánto tiempo sería el viaje?
– Mami, me parece buena idea, –interrum-pió Nick con entusiasmo– Este artículopuede terminar siendo la oportunidadque hemos estado esperando. Si este artí-culo te hace famosa, no tendremos quepreocuparnos más por el dinero. Yo digoque debes ir; ya somos lo suficientemen-te grandes como para cuidarnos solosdurante un tiempo. Esto es importantepara la familia, mami.
Al terminar de decir esto, miró seriamente aÁlex. Le echó una intensa mirada como avisándo-le: «No vayas en mi contra… o te mato». Al deciresto, lo que Nick estaba pensando era que la cele-
13
Capítulo 2
bración de Homecoming* sería en una semana. ¡Ysi su madre estuviera de viaje5, esta sería la opor-tunidad perfecta para dar una gran fiesta en sucasa con todos sus amigotes! Álex insistió:
– Y, ¿por cuánto tiempo te irías, mami?– No estoy completamente segura…; una
semana más o menos. No dudo de quellegaría a tiempo para ver los partidos defútbol de Nick.
– Bueno mami, si tú crees que es unabuena oportunidad, me parece bien –lerespondió Álex.
– Sí mami, yo también opino que es unabuena idea que vayas –reiteró Nick tra-tando de no mostrarse demasiado intere-sado en la oportunidad de quedarsesolos en casa– Tengo dieciocho años y
*Nota: Homecoming es una celebración típica en las univer-sidades y escuelas secundarias de los Estados Unidos.Ocurre generalmente en septiembre u octubre y consiste encelebrar la visita de los ex-alumnos, dándoles la bienvenidade su retorno con varias festividades.
5si su madre estuviera de viaje - if his mother were on atrip [were traveling]
Álex ya tiene dieciséis. Nos podemoscuidar solos mami... No hay ningún pro-blema... No tienes de qué preocuparte.
– Vamos a ver chicos, ya veo que ustedesno están en contra de la idea. Voy a pen-sarlo bien esta noche y tomaré la deci-sión mañana.
14
La Guerra Sucia
92
Glosario
a través - across; through
abierto(s) - open
abogado - attorney
abrazaba - s/he, I was hugging,
hugged; you were hug-
ging, hugged
abrazando - hugging
abrazándola - hugging her
abrazarlo - to hug him
(un) abrazo - a hug
abrazó - s/he, you hugged
abrí - I opened
abrió - s/he, you opened
abrir(la) - to open it
abróchense - fasten (pl. com-
mand)
abuelas - grandmothers
acabó - it ended up; s/he, you
(just) finished
acerca - about
(se) acercó - s/he, you approa-
ched
(estaba) acostado - (was) lying;
was reclined
(se) acostó - s/he, you lay
down
actual - existing, present
acuerdo - agreement, accord
adelante - forward, ahead
además - besides, furthermore
adentro - inside
adonde - to where
aduanas - customs (gov't
agency)
afectó - it affected
afueras - outskirts, edge
agarraron - they, you (pl.)
grabbed
agarró - s/he, you grabbed
agradecido(a) - grateful
agradecimiento - gratitude
agradezco - I thank
agua - water
aguantar - to bear, endure, put
up with
ahora - now
al - to the
alegría - happiness, joy
(se) alejó - s/he, you backed
off, went away
algo - something
alguien - someone
Glosario
93
Glosario
algún - some
algunos(as) - some
aliviada - relieved
aliviadísima - very relieved
allá - (over) there
allí - there
almorzar - to have lunch
almuerzo - lunch
altos(as) - tall
alumnos - students
amable - friendly, kind,
amiable
amablemente - kindly, amiably
ambos(as) - both
amenaza - threat
amenazándome - threatening
me
amable - amiable
amablemente - amiably
angustia - anguish, distress
amigos(as) - friends
amigotes - buddies
andan - they, you (pl.) walk
(que) ande - (that) s/he walk
(subjunctive)
angustia - anguish, distress
angustiosa - distressing
anoche - last night
ansiedad - anxiety
ansiosa - anxious
anterior - previous, former
antes - before
antipático - mean
anunció - s/he, you announced
años - years
apoyar - to support
aprecio - appreciation, esteem
aprobado - approved
aprobó - s/he, you approved
aprovechar - to take advantage
of, exploit
aquellos - those
aquí - here
archivo - archive, registry
arreglarse - to get ready, to
freshen up or prepare
oneself
(se) arregló - s/he, you got
ready, freshened up
arriba - up, above
asegura - s/he assures; you
assure
(la puerta no estaba) asegura-
da - (the door was not)
locked
aseguro - I assure
aseguró - s/he, you assured
así - like this, like so
así que - so (conjunction)
asientos - seats
asustadas - frightened, scared
(se) asustaron - they, you (pl.)
became/got frightened,
scared
(me) asusté - I became/got
frightened or scared
(se) asustó - s/he, you beca-
me/got frightened or
scared
aterrizaremos - we will land
aterrizó - s/he, you, it landed
aún más - even more
aunque - although
ausencia - absence
avión - airplane
avisándole - advising, warning,
telling (him/her)
avisas - you (fam.) tell, inform
him
avisé - I advised, told, informed
(un) aviso - (a) notice, warning
ayuda - help
ayudar - to help
ayudaría - would help
ayudarla - to help her
ayudarlos - to help them
ayudarme - to help me
ayudarnos - to help us
(que) ayude - (that) s/he, it,
you, I help (subjunctive)
ayúdenme - help me (com-
mand)
ayúdennos - help us (com-
mand)
ayudó - s/he, you helped
voz baja - low, soft (voice)
(me) bajaron - they lowered
(took) me
(voz) bajita - very low, soft
voice
bajo - under, underneath
bajó la mirada - looked down
(se) bajó - s/he, you got out of,
off of
(se) bañó - s/he took a bath,
bathed
basta - enough
bien - well, fine
bienvenido(a) - welcome
blanco - white
boca - mouth
bolsa - bag, purse
bonito(a) - pretty
botados - thrown, dumped
brazo - arm
breve - brief
Glosario
94
brillaba - s/he, it was shining,
shined
bueno(a) - good
busca - s/he looks for; you look
for
buscaba - s/he, I was looking
for, looked for; you were
looking for, looked for
buscando - looking for
buscar - to look for
buscar(lo/la) - to look for (it)
buscarme - to look for me
buscas - you look for
buscó - s/he, you looked for
busquemos - we look for (sub-
junctive)
caballeros - gentlemen
caber - to fit
(no) cabe duda - there is no
doubt, no room for doubt
cabeza - head
(no) cabía duda - there was no
doubt, no room for doubt
cada - each
cadena - chain
(no me) cae bien - I do not
like; it doesn't
calla - be quiet; shut up
callada - quiet (adj.)
calle(s) - street(s)
cama - bed
cambiado - changed
cambiar - to change
cambiar(me) - to change (for
me)
cambio(s) - change(s) (noun)
cambió - s/he, you changed
caminando - walking
caminar - to walk
caminaron - they walked
caminata - walk (noun)
camino - way, path
caminó - s/he, you walked
campeonato - championship
campo - field, camp
cansado(a) - tired
cansadísimo - extremely tired,
exhausted
cara - face
cárcel - jail
carpeta - folder
carrera - career
carta(s) - letter(s)
casa(s) - house(s)
casi - almost
cena - dinner, supper
cenar - to eat dinner, supper
céntrica - central
Glosario
95
cerca - close, nearby
cerquita - very close
cerraron - they, you (pl.) closed
cerró - s/he, you closed
chicos - boy(s), boys and girls
chiquitos - little boys, little
boys and girls
chofer - chauffeur, driver
cientos - hundreds
Ciertamente - certainly, surely
ciertos - certain
cinco - five
cinturones de seguridad - seat-
belts
cita - appointment
ciudad - city
ciudadano(a) - citizen
cocina - kitchen
cocinar - to cook
colegas - colleagues
colgaron - they hung up
colgó - s/he, you hung up
comer - to eat
comida - food
como - how, like
cómo - how
compañero(s) - co-worker(s),
classmate(s)
compras - purchases
(hacer) compras - to go shop-
ping
con - with
confiamos - we trust
conmigo - with me
conocían - they, you (pl.) knew
conocido - known
conozco - I know, am familiar
contando - telling
contar(les) - to tell (them)
contar(nos) - to tell (us)
contestó - s/he, you answered
contiene - it contains
contigo - with me
contra - against
corremos - we run
corriendo - running
cortésmente - courteously
cosas - thing
creer- to believe
crees - you believe
creíble - believable
creo - I believe
cuaderno - notebook
cuál - which
cualquier - whatever
cuándo - when
cuando mucho - at most
cuánto - how much
Glosario
96
cuarto(s) - room(s)
cuatro - four
(se dio) cuenta - s/he, you
realized
cueva - cave
cuidado - care
(tener) cuidado - (to have/take)
care
cuidar - to take care
cuidarnos - to take care of us
culpa - guilt, fault, blame
culpable(s) - guilty
culpando - blaming
cumplir - to fulfill, to accom-
plish
cupieran duda - there was no
doubt (past subjunctive)
cupo - there was no doubt
da - s/he gives; you give
daba - s/he, I was giving, gave;
you were giving, gave
daban - they, you (pl.) were
giving, gave
dado - given
damas - ladies
dando - giving
dándoles - giving to them
daño - harm, injury
dar - to give
darían - they, you (pl.) would
give
darle - to give him/her
darles - to give them, you (pl.)
darme - to give me
darnos - to give us
darse cuenta - to realize
datos - data, information
de - of, from
de hecho - in fact
(que) dé - (that) s/he, you give
(subjunctive)
de muy buen modo - in a very
nice way
de todos modos - anyway, in
any case
debajo - below, underneath
debe - s/he, you should, ought
(algo) debe haberle pasado -
something must have
happened to him/her
debemos - we should, ought
deben - they, you (pl.) should,
ought
debería ir - s/he, you, I should
go
debes - you should
debía - s/he, you, I should,
must
Glosario
97
debían - they, you (pl.) should,
must
debido a - due to
débil - weak
debo - I should, ought, must
decepcionado - disappointed
decía - s/he, it, I was saying,
said; you were saying,
said
decían - they, you (pl.) were
saying, said
decir - to say
decirle - to say to him/her
decirles - to say to them
decirlo - to say it
decirnos - to say to us
decirte - to say you
decisión - decision
dejado - left
déjame - let me
dejar - to leave (behind)
dejar de - to stop (doing some-
thing)
(que) dejaras - (that) you stop
(past subjunctive)
dejarlos - to leave them
(que) dejes - (that) you leave
dejó - s/he, you left, let
del - of the, from the
delante de - in front
demasiado - too much
dentro (de) - inside (of)
deprimente - depressing, dis-
mal
derecha - right (ant.: left)
derechos - rights
desaparecía - s/he, I was disap-
pering, disappeared; you
were disappearing, disap-
peared
desaparecen - they, you (pl.)
disappeared
desaparecer - to disappear
desapareceré - I will disappear
desapareció - s/he, you disap-
peared
desaparecidos(as) - disap-
peared
desapareciendo - disappearing
desaparecieran - they, you (pl.)
disappeared (subjunc-
tive)
desaparecieron - they, you (pl.)
disappeared
desaparición - disappearance
desapariciones - disappear-
ances
desayunar - to eat breakfast
Glosario
98
descansando - resting
descansar - to rest
descubras - you discover
descubrí - I discovered
descubrir - to discover
descubriría - s/he, you, I would
discover
descuidado - careless, neglect-
ed
desde - since, from
deseaba - s/he, I was wishing,
wished; you were wish-
ing, wished
deseas - you wish
desempleo - unemployment
deseos - wishes
desestabilizar - to destabilize
(se) despertaron - they, you
(pl.) woke up
(me) desperté - I woke up
(se) despertó - s/he, you woke
up
después - after
destapado - uncovered
destapar(lo) - to uncover (it)
(que) destapara - (that) s/he,
you, I [would] uncover
(past subjunctive)
(que) destape - (that) s/he, you,
I uncover (subjunctive)
(que) destapemos - (that) we
uncover
detrás - behind
devolvió - s/he, you returned
(an item)
(que sean) devueltos - (that
they be) returned
día(s) - day(s)
dice - s/he says; you say
dicen - they say
dices - you say
dicho - said
dieciocho - eighteen
dieciséis - sixteen
(si nos) diera - (if) s/he, you, I
gave (to us) (past subjunc-
tive)
digo - I say
dije - I said
(que) dijera - (that) s/he, you, I
said (past subjunctive)
dijeron - they, you (pl.) said
dijo - I said
dinero - money
dio - s/he, you gave
(se) dio cuenta - s/he, you real-
ized
Glosario
99
dio la vuelta - s/he, you turned
around
Dios - God
(se) dirigió hacia- s/he, you
headed toward, went
toward
disculpe - excuse me, sorry
distraerse - to distract oneself
doce - twelve
dolor - pain
domingo - Sunday
dónde - where
dormida - asleep
dormir - to sleep
dos - two
doy - I give
duda(s) - doubt(s)
dudo - I doubt
dueño - owner
durara - it lasted, it would last
(past subjuntive)
durmiendo - sleeping
duro - hard
e - and (before a word that
starts with 'i' or 'y')
echado - thrown
echándole la culpa - casting
blame on him/her/it
echar - to throw, cast, pour
echarle la culpa - to cast blame
on him/her/it
echó - s/he, you, it threw, cast
edad - age
edificio(s) - building(s)
ejército - army
eligió - s/he, you elected,
selected
embajada - embassy
empanadas argentinas - bread
or pastry stuffed with
meat
empezado - begun
empezar - to begin
empezaron - they, you (pl.)
began
empezó - s/he, you began
en - in
en seguida - immediately,
promptly
encadenada - chained
(me) encanta - it enchants me;
I love it
(te) encantan - they enchant
you; you love them
encerrado - enclosed, shut in
encima - on top, above
(no se) encontraba - it was not
found
Glosario
100
encontrado - found
encontrar(lo/la) - to find, to
encounter it
encontraremos - we will find
encontraría - s/he, you, I
would find
encontrarlas - to find, to
encounter them
encontraron - they found,
encountered
encontrar(se) - to meet,
encounter (each other)
encontré - I found
encontremos - we find (sub-
junctive)
encontró - s/he, you found,
encountered
enferma - sick, ill
enfermó - s/he, you got sick
enfrente - in front
enfurecido - enraged
enmascarados - masked
enojado - angry
entero(a) - whole
entiende - s/he understands;
you understand
entiendo - I undertand
entonces - then
entrada(s) - entrances
entre - between
entrenador - trainer
entrenamiento - training
entrenamientos - training,
practices
entrenando - training
enviado - sent
envió - s/he, you sent
era - s/he, it was; you were
eran - they, you (pl.) were
eres - you are
es - s/he, it is
esa - that
esas - those
escalera - stairs
escolares - school (adjective)
esconde - s/he hides; you hide
(something)
esconder - to hide (something)
escondernos - to hide ourselves
esconderse - to hide oneself
escondido - hidden
escondiendo - hiding
(se) escondieron - they hid
escribió - s/he, you wrote
escribir - to write
escribo - I write
escrita(s) - written
escritorio - desk
Glosario
101
escuchado - listened
escuchando - listening
escuchar - to listen
escuchaste - you listened
escuchó - s/he, you listened
escuela(s) - school(s)
ese - that, it
esfuerzo - effort, labor
ESMA - Escuela de Mecánica
de la Armada
eso - that, it
espalda - back
espejo - mirror
(la) espera - (the) wait
espera - wait (command)
esperaba - s/he, I was waiting
for, waited for; you were
waiting for, waited for
esperado - waited (for)
esperando - waiting (for)
esperándola - waiting for her/it
esperanza - hope
esperaría - s/he, you, I would
wait (for)
esperaron - they, you (pl.) wait-
ed
esperé - I waited
espero - I wait for
esperó - s/he, you waited
esposa - spouse, wife
esta - this
está - s/he is; you are
estaba - s/he was; you were
estaban - they, you (pl.) were
estabas - you were
estado - state; been
estados - states
estadounidense - person from
U.S.
estamos - we are
están - they, you (pl.) are
estar - to be
estará - s/he, you will be
estaría - s/he, you, I would be
estaríamos - we would be
estarían - they, you (pl.) would
be
estas - these
estás - you are
estatal - state (adj.)
este - this
esté - s/he is; you are (sub-
junctive)
éste - this, this one
estén - they, you (pl.) are (sub-
junctive)
(se) estima - it is estimated
esto - this
Glosario
102
estos - these
estoy - I am
estresante - stressful
estuve - I was
estuviera - s/he, I was; you
were [would be] (past
subjunctive)
estuvieran - they, you (pl.)
were (past subjunctive)
estuvieron - they, you (pl.)
were
evita - s/he avoids; you avoid
evitaba - s/he, I was avoiding;
you were avoiding
evitaron - they avoided
exactitud - exactness, accuracy
experimentada - experienced
explicaba - s/he, I was explai-
ning, explained; you
were explaining,
explained
explicado - explained
explicando - explaining
explicar - to explain
explicó - s/he, you explained
extranjero - foreign (adj.)
extraño(a) - strange
fácil - easy
(le hacían mucha) falta - s/he,
you missed them a lot
(le) faltaba algo - something
was missing/lacking
felices - happy
feliz - happy
feo - ugly
fin - end
(por) fin - finally
firma - signature
frente - front
fresco - fresh
fría - cold
fue - s/he was; you were
fue - s/he, you went
fuera - out, outside
(como si) fuera - (as if) s/he, it
were (past subjunctive)
fueron - they, you (pl.) were
fueron - they, you (pl.) went
fuerte - strong (adj.)
fuertemente - strongly, hard,
with force (adv.)
fuerza - force, strength
fuerzas - forces, strength
fui - I went
fuimos - we went
fútbol - football
ganamos - we win; we earn
Glosario
103
ganar - to win; to earn
ganarte - to earn for yourself
(sin) ganas - without desire,
reluctantly
(no tenía) ganas - s/he, you did
not feel like
(que) ganen - (that) they win
(subjunctive)
gano - I earn; I win
gavetas - cupboards, cabinets
gente - people
gobierno(s) - government(s)
golpear - to hit, beat
golpes - blows
gracias - thank you
gran - big, great
grande(s) - big
grandemente - greatly
gritando - yelling
gritó - s/he, you yelled
gritos - shouts, yells (noun)
guerra - war
(le) gusta - it is pleasing to
him/her; [s/he likes; you
like]
(le) gustaría - it would be plea-
sing to him/her; [s/he, you
would like]
gusto - pleasure
HA... - s/he has...; you have...
(used in perfect tenses)
ha llegado - s/he has arrived
ha tocado - s/he, it has touched
HABER... - to have... (used in
perfect tenses)
haber sido - to have been
haber aprobado - to have
approved
haber llorado - to have cried
(por) haber llorado - (for/by)
having cried; to have
cried
haber ocurrido - to have
occurred
haber ocurrido - to have oc-
curred
(podría) haberle pasado -
could have happened to
you/him/her
(por) haberle causado - for
having caused
you/him/her
(por) haberles dejado solos -
(for) having left them
alone; to have left them
alone
Glosario
104
(algo debe) haberle pasado -
something must have
happened to him/her
(pudo) haberles pasado - could
have happened to them
había - there was, there were
HABÍA... - I, s/he, you had...
(se) había calmado - had cal-
med (him/her/yourself)
down
había dado - had given
había decidido - had decided
había dicho - had said
había empezado - had started
había encontrado - had found,
encountered
había estado - had been
había estado llorando - had
been crying
había explicado - had ex-
plained
había explicado - had ex-
plained
había facilitado - had facilitat-
ed
había hecho - had made; had
done
había inventado - had invented
había leído - had read
había llamado - had called
había llegado - had arrived
había mencionado - had men-
tioned
(le) había ocurrido - it had
occurred (to him/her)
había ofrecido - had offered
había oído - had heard
había olvidado - had forgotten
había pasado - had happened
había quedado - had remained,
stayed
había quedado - had stayed,
remained
había recibido - had received
había recogido - had gotten,
collected
había sufrido - had suffered
había tenido - had had
habían - they had...
habían destapado - they, you
(pl.) had uncovered
habían echado de - they had
thrown (driven) from
habían perdido - they, you (pl.)
had lost
habías - you have... (used in
perfect tenses)
habías dicho - you had said
Glosario
105
habla - s/he talks; you talk
hablaba - s/he, I was talking,
talked; you were talking,
talked
hablaban - they, you (pl.) were
talking, talked
hablado - spoken, talked
hablamos - we talk; we talked
hablando - talking, speaking
hablar - to talk, to speak
(que) hablara - (that) s/he, you,
I talk (past subjunctive)
hablaré - I will talk
hablarle - to talk to him/her
hablarles - to talk to them
hablaron - they, you (pl.) talked
hablarte - to talk to you
hablas - you talk
hablé - I talked, spoke
habló - s/he, you talked, spoke
habría - there would be
HABRÍA - would have... (used
in perfect tense)
habría escuchado - s/he, you, I
would have heard
(te) hace - it makes you
(se) hace - s/he gets, becomes;
I, you get, become
hacemos - we do; we make
hacer - to do; to make
hacerle daño - to do harm to
him/her/you
hacerle preguntas - to ask
him/her/you questions
hacerlo - to do it
hacia - toward
(le) hacían mucha falta - s/he,
you missed them a lot
haciendo - doing; making
hambre - hunger
HAN - they, you (pl.) have...
(used in perfect tense)
han desaparecido - have disap-
peared
han respetado - have respected
han sido - have been
(se) han convertido - they have
(been) converted
haría - s/he, you, I would do;
s/he, you, I would make
HAS - you have... (used in per-
fect tense)
has esperado - you have waited
(for)
has sido - you have been
hasta - until
hasta hace cuatro días - until
four days ago
Glosario
106
hay - there is, there are
haya - there is, there are (sub-
junctive)
HAYA - s/he has...; you, I
have... (used in perfect
tense) (subjunctive)
hayan - they have... (used in
perfect tense) (subjunc-
tive)
HAYAN - they, you (pl.) have...
(used in perfect tense)
(subjunctive)
hayan desaparecido - they
have disappeared (subj.)
(se) hayan escondido - they
have hidden (themselves)
(subj.)
HE - I have... (used in perfect
tense)
he cambiado - I have changed
he conocido - I have met; I
have known
he conspirado - I have con-
spired
he enviado - I have sent
he escapado - I have escaped
he hecho - I have done; I have
made
he oído - I have heard
he recibido - I have received
he visto - I have seen
he vuelto - I have returned
hecho - done; made
(de) hecho - in fact
HECHO - we have... (used in
perfect tense)
hemos estado esperando - we
have been waiting for
hermano(s) - brother(s)
hicieron - they did; they made
hijo(s) - son(s)
hizo - s/he, you did; s/he, you
made
hoja(s) - paper(s), sheet
hombre(s) - man (men)
hombro - shoulder
hoy - today
hubiera - there were (past sub-
junctive)
HUBIERA - s/he, you, I would
have ... (used in perfect
tense) (past subjunctive)
hubiera llamado (nos) - s/he,
you would have called us
hubo - there was (at that
moment)
iba - s/he, I was going, went;
you were going, went
Glosario
107
iban - they, you (pl.) were
going, went
igual(es) - same, equal
igualmente - equally
imperan - they prevail
(les) importaba - it was impor-
tant to them
(le) importó - it was important
to him/her (at that
moment)
incluía - it included
incluidas - included
incluso - including
incómoda - uncomfortable
inesperada - unexpected
inquietud - anxiety, restlessness
inscribirse - to register
intentaba - s/he, I was intend-
ing, intended; you were
intending, intended
intentó - s/he, you intended
intentado - intended
intentando - intending
involucrado - involved
ir - to go
iremos - we will go
irías - you would go
(tengo que) irme - (I have) to
leave
irnos - to leave, to go
izquierda - left (vs. right)
jaló - s/he, you pulled
jefe - boss
jóvenes - young
jueves - Thursday
jugar - to play
julio - July
junio - June
junta(s) - together
junto(s) - together
juzgados - judged
juzgando - judging
lado - side
(al) lado de - next to, on the
side of
(por todos) lados - on all sides;
everywhere
lágrimas - tears
lápiz - pencil
largo - long
(me) lastimé - I hurt, injured
myself
le - to him/her/you
(que) lea - (that) s/he, you, I
read (subjunctive)
lector - reader
leer - to read
leído - read, as in I have read
Glosario
108
lejos - far
les - to them, to you (pl.)
(se) levantan - they, you (pl.)
get up, stand up
levantarse - to stand, get up
levántense - get up (plural
command)
(se) levantó - s/he, you got up,
stood up
ley(es) - law(s)
leyó - s/he, you read (past
tense)
libre(s) - free
libremente - freely
libro - book
liderazgo - leadership
línea - line
lista - list (noun); ready (adj.)
listos - ready (adj.)
(se) llama - s/he, it calls
him/herself/itself;
[his/her/its name is]
(se) llama - you call yourself;
[your name is]
(la) llamaba - s/he, I was
calling her, called her;
you were calling her,
called her
(una) llamada - a call
llamado - called
(la) llamamos - we called her
(me) llaman - they, you (pl.)
call me
llamando - calling
llamándome - calling me
llamar - to call
(que no los) llamara - that she
[would] not call them
(past subjunctive)
(les) llamaré - I will all (you)
llamarlos - to call them
llamaron - they, you (pl.) called
llamarse - to call each other
(cuando me) llamen - (when)
they call (me) (subjunc-
tive)
llámenme - call me (plural
command)
(me) llamo - I call myself; [my
name is]
llamó - s/he, you called
llave - key
llegada - arrival
llegado - arrived
llegamos - we arrived
llegar - to arrive
llegara - s/he, you, I arrived
(past subjunctive)
Glosario
109
(tan pronto como) ella llegara
- as soon as she arrived
llegaría - s/he, you, I would
arrive
llegaron - they, you (pl.) arrived
llegó - s/he, you arrived
lleno(a) - full
llenaron - they filled
llenó - s/he, you filled
llevaba - s/he, you, I had (per-
taining to time); [spent]
llevaban - they, you (pl.) had
(pertaining to time);
[spent]
llevaban en las manos- they
carried in their hands
llevamos cuatro días sin saber
- we have [spent] four
days without knowing llevan dos días sin verlo - they
have [spent] two dayswithout seeing him
llevar - to take (someone or
something to a place)
(que la) llevaría - that would
take her
(te) llevarían - they would take
you
llevarla - to take her
llevarlos - to take them
llevaron - they took
lleve a la señora - take the
woman (command)
llevó - s/he, you took
lloraba - s/he, I was crying,
cried; you were crying,
cried
llorado - cried
llorando - crying
llorar - to cry
lloró - s/he, you cried
lo - it
los - the, them
luego - then
madre(s) - mother(s)
mal(a) - bad
malentendido - misunderstan-
ding
maleta(s) - suitcase(s)
malo - bad
mandato - mandate, command
manera - manner
manifestación - protest,
demonstration
manifestándose - protesting,
demonstrating
manifestantes - protestors,
demonstrators
Glosario
110
manifestar - to protest, to
demonstrate
mano(s) - hand(s)
mantener - to maintain
mantenerse en contacto - to
keep in contact
mañana - tomorrow; morning
máquina - machine
marcó - dialed
marzo - March
más - more
matanzas - killings
mataron - they, you (pl.) killed
(me) mato - I kill myself
mayores - older
mayoría - majority
me - to me; myself; me
medianoche - midnight
mejor(es) - better
menor - younger
menos - less
mensajes - messages
mente - mind (noun)
mentiras - lies
merece - s/he deserves; you
deservemerecen - they, you (pl.)
deserve
merecer - to deserve
mereces - you deservemi merecido - my deserved
(what I deserve)
mesa - table
mesera - waitress
meses - tables
meter - to put inmeterse - to put yourself in, get
in
metidos - put or stuck inside
metiéndola - putting her in
(me) metieron - they put me in
(la) metió - s/he, you put her in
mi(s) - my
miedo - fear
miembros - members
mientras - whilemijo - my son (term of endear-
ment)
miles - thousandsmiraba - s/he, I was looking at,
looked at; you were loo-king at, looked at
(una) mirada - (a) look atmirando - looking atmirándola - looking at hermirar - to look atmirarle - to look at him/hermiraron - they, you (pl.) looked
at
Glosario
111
mire esto - look at this (com-
mand)
miró - s/he, you looked at
misma - same
(ella) misma - herself
modo - way
modo (de todos) - anyway, in
any case
molestia - bother
montón - mountain, pile
moradas - purple
mostrarse - to show
muchacho(s) - boys
muebles - furniture
muerte - death
mujer(es) - woman (women)
mundo - world
murió - died
muy - very
nada - nothing
nadie - nobody
negaron - they, you (pl.)
denied, refused
negó - s/he, you denied, re-
fused
ni - neither, nor
niega - s/he, it denies; you
deny
nietos - grandchildren
ningún - no
ninguno(a) - no; none
ningunas - none
niñez - childhood
niños - children
nivel - level
noche(s) - night(s)
nombre(s) - name(s)
nos - us; ourselves
nosotros - we
noten - they notice (subjunc-
tive)
noticias - news
nuestros(as) - our
nuevo(a) - new
nueve - nine
número - number
nunca - never
ocultar - to hide (something)
ocurrieran - they, you (pl.)
ocurred (past subjunc-
tive)
oferta - offer (noun)
ofrecerle - to offer him/her
ofrecido - offered
ofreciendo - offering
ofreció - s/he, you offered
oí - I heard
oído - heard
Glosario
112
oír - to hear
ojalá - I hope; God willing
ojos - eyes
olía a - s/he, it was smelling
like, smelled like
olvidado - forgotten
olvidaron - they, you (pl.) for-
got
olvidó - s/he, you forgot
once - eleven
opinan - they, you (pl.) have
the opinion, [think]
opino - I have the opinion,
[think]
otra vez - again
otra(s) - other(s)
otro(s) - other(s)
oyes - you hear
oyó - s/he, you heard
padres - fathers
pagaría - s/he, you, I would
pay
pagarle - to pay him/her
pagó - s/he, you paidpasó
pasa - it happens, passes
pasada - past, passed
pasaba - s/he, I, it was passing,
happening; you were
passing
pasado - happened
pasando - passing, happening
pasar - to pass; to happen
pasarme - to pass me; to hap-
pen to me
país - country
palabra(s) - word(s)
pálida - pale
pancartas - signs, banners
papá - dad
para - for, in order to
parada - standing
(sin) parar - without stopping
pararé - I will not stop
(me) parece - it seems (to me)
parecía - s/he, you, it seemed,
looked like
parecían - they, you (pl.)
seemed, looked like
pareció - s/he, you, seemed,
looked like
pared - wall
parejas - pairs, couples
paró - s/he, you, it stopped
partidos - games
pasándole - happening to
him/her
pasatiempos - pastimes, hob-
bies
Glosario
113
pasillo - hall, hallway
paz - peace
pedí - I asked, requested
pedimos - we asked, requested
películas - movies
peligro - danger
peligroso(a) - dangerous
pensaba - s/he, I was thinking,
tought; you were thin-
king, thought
pensaban - they, you (pl.) were
thinking, thought
pensamiento - thought
pensando - thinking
pensar - to think
pensarlo - to think it
pensaron - they, you (pl.)
thought
pensó - s/he, you thought
pequeño - small
perdí - I lost
perdido - lost
perdiendo - losing
periódico - newspaper
periodista - newspaper report-
er; journalist
periodística - journalistic
pero - but
peso - weight
pidiendo - asking, requestingpidió - s/he, you asked, re-
questedpiensas - you think
pienso - I think(no) pierdas - don't lose (com-
mand)
pies - feet
piso - floor
pistas - clues
planear - to plan
(en) plena - in full, plainly
poco - a little
podemos - we are able; [could]
poder - to be ablepodía - s/he, I was able; you
were able; [could]podía haber ocurrido - it could
have occurred
podían - they, you (pl.) were
able; [could]
podrá - s/he, you will be able
podremos - we will be ablepodría - s/he, you, I would be
able; [could]podría haberle pasado - it
could have happened toyou/him/her
podrías - you would be able;[could]
Glosario
114
polémico - controversial, po-
lemic
ponerme - to become
ponerse - to become
ponía - s/he, I was putting, put;
you were putting, put
poniendo - putting
por eso - therefore
por favor - please
por fin - finally
por lo menos - at least
porque - because
preguntamos - we ask
preguntarle - to ask him/her
preguntas - questions
(se) pregunte - you ask yourself
(subjunctive)
preguntó - s/he, you asked
prensa - press
(se) preocupaba - s/he was
worrying, worried; you
were worrying, worried
preocupadísimo(a) - very
worried, preoccupied
preocupado(s) - worried, pre-
occupied
preocuparnos - to worry our-
selves
preocuparon - they worried
preocuparse - to worry oneself
preocuparte - to worry yourself
(no te) preocupes - don't worry
(command)
presión - pressure
presionaban - they were pres-
suring
presionar - to pressure
prestó atención - s/he, you
paid attention
primero(a) - first
principio - principle
profunda - profound
profundamente - profoundly
prometedor - promising
prometió - s/he, you promised
prometo - I promise
pronto - soon
propia(s)- own
propiedad - property
propio(s) - own
propósito - purpose
propuso - s/he, you proposed
protege - s/he protects; you
protect
protegerlos - to protect them
protegidos - protected
próximo - next
pruebas - evidence, proof
Glosario
115
pude - I was able
(que) pudieran - (that) they
were able (pat subjunc-
tive)
pudo haberles pasado - could
have happened to them
pueblo - town, village
(que) pueda - that you are able
(subjunctive)
(para que) puedan - in order
that they are able (sub-
junctive)
puede - s/he is able; you are
able
pueden - they, you (pl.) are
able
puedo - I am able
puerta - door
pues - well (conjunction)
punto - point
puse - I put
pusieron - they, you (pl.) put
puso - s/he, you put
que - that, what
qué - what (interrogative)
queda - it is (in terms of loca-
tion)
(se) queda - s/he stays,
remains; you stay, remain
(le) quedaba - it remained (to
him/her)
quedaba - it was located
quedaban - they were staying
quedado - stayed, remained
(se) quedan - they, you (pl.)
stay, remain
quedándose - staying, remai-
ning
(se) quedaron - they, you (pl.)
stayed, remained
quedarse - to stay, remain
(se) quedó - s/he stayed, re-
mained
quemado - burning, burned,
burnt
queremos - we want
quería - s/he, I was wanting,
wanted; you were wan-
ting, wanted
querían - they, you (pl.) were
wanting, wanted
querido - wanted
queridos - loved ones
querría - s/he, you, I would
want
quién(es) - who
quiere - s/he wants; you want
quieren - they, you (pl.) want
Glosario
116
quiero - I want
quisiera - s/he, you, I would
like
quisieras - you would like
quiso - s/he, you wanted (at
that moment)
(se) quitó - s/he, you took off
raro - rare, strange
rato - a little while
razón - reason
(tiene) razón - s/he is right; you
are right
realizando - accomplishing
realizaron - they, you (pl.)
accomplished
(que) realizara - (that) s/he, it, I
[would] accompish or ful-
fill (past subjunctive)
rebeldes - rebels
recibí - I received
recibido - received
recibidos - received (adjec-
tive)
recibieran - they, you (pl.)
received (past subjunc-
tive)
recibieron - they, you (pl.)
received
recibió - s/he, you received
recogido - gotten, retrieved
recogió - s/he, you got, re-
trieved
reconoce - s/he recognizes,
you recognize
reconocida - recognized
reconoció - s/he, you recog-
nized
recordó - s/he, you remem-
bered
recuerdo - I remember
redacción - writing (noun)
reencuentro - reunion
regresamos - we return
regresar - to return
(que) regresaras - (that) you
return (past subjunctive)
regrese - s/he returns; I, you
return (subjunctive)
regresemos - we return (sub-
junctive)
regresen - they, you (pl.) return
(subjunctive)
regreses - you return (subjunc-
tive)
regreso - I return
regresó - s/she, you returned
reloj - watch
rendido - tired, worn-out
Glosario
117
(de) repente - suddenly
repetían - they, you (pl.) were
repeating, repeated
(al) respecto de - with respect
to
respetado(a) - respected
respeto - respect (noun); I
respect;
respiró - s/he, you breathed
responsabilizaban - they
blamed
respuesta(s) - answer(s)
retomar - to retake
restaurar - to restore
retomó - s/he, you retook
retrovisor - rearview
reunión - reunion, meeting
reunirse - to reunite, to meet
revelado - revealed
revisando - reviewing
revisaré - I will review
revisaron - they, you (pl.) re-
viewed
revise - you review (com-
mand)
revista - magazine
rica - rich
rincón - corner
rodeado - surrounded
rodeando - surrounding
rojo(s) - red
rompa - s/he, it breaks; you
break (sunjunctive)
ropa - clothes
sábado - Saturday
sabe - s/he knows; you know
sabemos - we know
saben - they, you (pl.) know
saber - to know (a fact)
sabes - you know
sabía - s/he, you, I knew
sabría - s/he, you, I would
know
sacar fotos - to take photos
(nos) sacaron - they, you (pl.)
took (us) out
sacó - s/he, you took out
sacó una foto - s/he, you took
a photo
sala - living room
salían - they, you (pl.) were
leaving, left
salida - exit
salieron - they, you (pl.) left
salió - s/he, you left
salir - to leave (a place)
saludaron - they, you (pl.)
greeted
Glosario
118
(estás a) salvo - you are safe
sano(a) y salvo(a) - safe and
sound
sé - I know
sea - s/he is; you are; I am
(subjunctive)
sean - they, you (pl.) are (sub-
junctive)
secuestran - they, you (pl.) kid-
napped
secuestro - kidnapping
secundarias - secondary
seguía - s/he, I was following,
followed; you were follo-
wing, followed
(en) seguida - immediately, at
once
seguir - to follow
según - according to
segundos - seconds
seguro(a) - sure, certain
semana(s) - week(s)
sentaba - s/he, I was sitting, sat;
you were sitting, sat
sentado - seated
sentaron - they, you (pl.) sat
sentía - s/he, I was feeling, felt;
you were feeling, felt
sentirse - to feel
sentó - s/he, you sat down
señor - mister, sir
señora - Mrs., madame
señoras - ladies
sepa - s/he knows; I, you know
(subjunctive)
ser - to be
será - s/he, you will be
seres queridos - loved ones
serio(a) - serious
sería - s/he, you, it, I would be
si - if
sí - yes
sido - been
siempre - always
siendo - being
siéntate - sit down (com-
mand)
(lo) siento - I'm sorry
(no me) siento bien - I don't
feel well
siesta - nap
siete - seven
significa - it means
significar - to mean
siguiente(s) - following
siguieron - they, you (pl.) fol-
lowed
siguió - s/he, you followed
Glosario
119
silla - chairsimpático - nicesin - without
sin embargo - nevertheless
sindicatos - unions
sino que - but, rather
sintió - s/he, you felt
sirvió - s/he you sirved
sitio - site, place
sobre - aboutsobresaltadas - shocked,
stunned
sol - sun
solicité - I solicited, requested
solo - alone, onlysoltó - s/he, you, it released,
let go
somos - we are
son - they aresonaba - it was ringing, rang; it
soundedsonar - to ring, to soundsonó - it rang; it sounded
sonriendo - smiling
sonrisa - smilesorprendidísima - very sur-
prised(se) sorprendió - s/he was
suprised; you were sur-prised
sospechos(as) - suspicious
sótano - basement
soy - I am
Sr. - Mr.
su(s) - your
subió - s/he, you got in/on
sucia(o) - dirty
sudado - sweaty
suelo - ground
(me) suena - it sounds (to me)
sueño(s) - dreams
suerte - luck
sufrido - suffered
sufriendo - suffering (verb)
sufrimiento - suffering (noun)
sumamente - extremely, ex-
ceedingly
supieron - they, you(pl.) knew
suplica - s/he, it begs, suppli-
cates; you beg, supplicate
súplica - plea, appeal (noun)
suplicándonos - begging us
supo - s/he, you knew (at that
moment)
supuestamente - supposedly
supuestos(as) - supposed
suyo - your
tal vez - maybe
también - also
Glosario
120
tampoco - neither
tan - so
tan pronto como llegara - as
soon as s/he arrives
tan solo - only
tanto(a) - so much
tantas - so many
tanto de la izquierda como de
la derecha - both from
the right and the left
tapados - covered
taparon - they, you (pl.) cov-
ered
tarde - afternoon; late
tazas - cups
te - yourself, to you
temblaba - s/he, I was trem-
bling/shaking,
shook/trembled; you were
trembling/shaking,
shook/trembled
temblando - shaking, trembling
temblar - to shake, to tremble
temblorosa - shaking, trem-
bling (adjective)
temprano - early
ten - have (command)
ten cuidado - take care, be
careful
tendrás - you will have
tendremos - we will havetendría - s/he, you, I would
have
tenemos - we have
tener - to havetenga - s/he has; you, I have
(subjunctive)tengan - they, you (pl.) have
(subjunctive)
tengas - you have (subjunc-
tive)
tengo - I have
tenía - s/he, you, I had
tenían - they, you (pl.) had
tenido - had
tercer - third
termina siendo - it ends up
being
terminando - ending
terminar - to end(si) terminara siendo - if it
ended up being (pastsubjunctive)
terminaron - they, you (pl.)ended
terminaste - you ended(cuando) terminen - when you
(pl.) end, finish (subjunc-tive)
Glosario
121
terminó - s/he, you, it ended,finished
testigos - witnessestestigos presenciales - eyewit-
nesses
ti - you (indirect object pron.)
tiempo - time
(últimos) tiempos - recently;
recent times
tiene - s/he has; you havetiene que haber - has to be,
must be
tienen - they, you (pl.) have
tienes - you have
tirados(as) - thrown
tirando - throwing(se) tiró - s/he threw (him/her-
self)tocaba - s/he, I was touching;
you were touching
tocado - touched
tocando - touching
tocar - to touch
tocó - s/he, you touched
todo(a) - all
todos(as) - all, everyone
todavía - stilltomaba - s/he, I was taking,
took; you were taking,took
tomadas - taken
tomando - taking, drinking
tomar - to take; to drink
tomaré la decisión - I will
make a decision
tomaron - they, you (pl.) took
tomó - s/he, you took
torneo - tournament
trabaja - s/he works; you worktrabajaba - s/he, I was working,
worked; you were work-ing, worked
trabajaban - they, you (pl.)
were working, worked
trabajadores - workers
trabajando - working
trabajar - to work
trabajo - work (noun)
tranquilizó - reassured
(se) trata con - it deals with
tratando - trying
tratar - to try
trato - I try
tres - three
triste - sad
tristeza - sadness
tu(s) - your
tú - you
tuvieron - they, you (pl.) had
Glosario
122
tuviste - you had
tuvo - s/he, you had (at that
moment)
u - or (before words that start
with a ‘u’)
última - last
últimamente - lately, recently
último(s) - last
unos(as) - some
único (lo) - only
usted - you
ustedes - you (pl.)
va - s/he goes; you go
vacío - empty
vámonos - let's go!
vamos - we go
van - they, you (pl.) go
vas - you go
vaso - glass
(que) vaya - (that) s/he, you, I
go (subjunctive)
(me) vaya - I [would] leave
(subjunctive)
vayamos - let's go (command)
vayan - they, you (pl.) go (sub-
junctive)
(que) vayas - (that) you go
(subjunctive)
(que te) vayas - (that) you leave
(subjunctive)
vea - you see (subjunctive)
véanse - see (command)
veces - times
vecino(s) - neighbor(s)
veinte - twenty
vemos - we see
ven - come here (command)
venden - they sellvenga - s/he comes; I, you
come (subjunctive)venía - s/he, I was coming,
came; you were coming,came
venir - to come
ventana(s) - window(s)
ventanilla - window (of plane,
door, etc.)
veo - I see
ver - to see
verdad - truth
verdaderos(as) - true, actual
verlo(la) - to see it
verlos - to see them
vestido - dressed
(otra) vez - again
vi - I saw
viaje - trip, voyage
Glosario
123
vida - life
vidas - lives
viejo - old
vienen - they, you (pl.) come
viernes - Friday
vieron - they saw
vimos - we saw
(que) viniera - (that) s/he, you,
I came; [that s/he come]
(past subjunctive)
vio - s/he, you saw
vistazo - look, glance (noun)
visto - seen
vivan - they, you (pl.) live (sub-
junctive)
vive - s/he lives; you live
vivía - s/he, I was living, lived;
you were living, lived
voluntad - will, volition
volvería - s/he, you, I would
return(que) volviera - (that) s/he, you
would return
volvió - s/he, you returned
voy - I go
voz - voice
voces - voices
vuelo - flight
(dio la) vuelta - s/he, you
turned around
vuelto - returned
y - and
¡Ya basta! - Enough already!
ya - already
ya no - anymore
yo - I
zapatos - shoes
Glosario
124
Leyendas ImpactantesNovice and Intermediate versions(Two versions under one cover!)
6 traditional legends, from 6 different Latin Amer-ican cultures, each told twice to make them acces-sible for both novice and intermediate students!Students will enjoy tales of love, mystery, in-trigue, deception, helpful and dangerous dieties,demons and curses!
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Noche oro
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Kristy Placido
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VectorPast tense - Fewer than 400 unique wordsA vector of venom infects Antonio, a Panamanianteenager, with an illness that has far-reaching conse-quences. He is transported back in time to work on theconstruction of the Panama Canal. Is his eerie displace-ment reversible or will he finish his life working on oneof the most dangerous construction sites in history?
La hija del sastrePast tense - Fewer than 500 unique wordsGrowing up in a Republican family during Franco'sfascist rule of Spain, Emilia Matamoros discovers justhow important keeping a secret can be! After her fa-ther, a former captain in the Republican army, goesinto hiding, Emilia not only must work as a seam-stress to support her family, she must work to guard asecret that will protect her father and save her familyfrom certain death. Will her innocence be lost and will
she succumb to the violent tactics of Franco's fascist regime?
La Guerra SuciaPast tense - Fewer than 600 unique wordsAmerican Journalist and single mother, Leslie Cor-rales travels to Argentina to investigate the suspiciousdisappearance of ‘Raúl,’ the son of Magdalena Casas-novas. When Leslie discovers that Raúl, along with10’s of thousands of other suspected dissidents, hassuffered horrific atrocities at the hands of the Argen-tine government, she finds herself in a life-altering
series of events. Will she escape with her life and with the informationshe needs to help the Argentine people?
La Calaca AlegrePast tense - Fewer than 425 unique wordsDoes Carlos really suffer from post-traumatic stress dis-order, or are his strange sensations and life-like night-mares much more real than anyone, including Carlos,believes? Determined to solve the mystery of hismother’s disappearance, Carlos decides to return toChicago to face his fears and find his mother, even if itmeans living out his nightmares in real life. As he un-
covers the mystery, he discovers the truth is much more complex and evilthan he ever imagined.
Vida y muerte en La Mara SalvatruchaPast tense - Fewer than 400 unique wordsThis compelling drama recounts life (and death) in oneof the most violent and well-known gangs in Los Ange-les, La Mara Salvatrucha 13. This is a gripping story ofone gang member’s struggle to find freedom.
