UN

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2 Health

1 Look at the pictures. How do you think the people in the

pipictcturureses aarere ffeeeelilingng?? UsUsee ththesesee wowordrdss.

happy stressed out upset/angry

worriedd si kck rellaxedd

2 DoDo yyouou tthihinknk yyouou aarere hheaealtlthyhy?? WhWhyy oror wwhyhy nnotot??

3 What is important for a happy and healthy lifestyle?

Communication

Talk about allergies

Talk to a doctor

Grammar

Should have / shouldn’t have to express regrets

Used to

Vocabulary

Common health problems

AB

C

E

D

F

2 Reading and Vocabulary

22

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yyy ggg

NoNoNot t t hahahahavivivingngng eeenononougugugh h h prprprivivivacacacy.y.y.

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Top ten causes of stress for teenagers

1 Discuss these questions.

a. Do teenagers have stressful lives?

b. What are some of the causes of stress

among teenagers?

c. Do you think stress can be avoided?

2 1.12 Now read along as you listen.

CarCarloslos (1(16):6):“I “I useused td to bo be re realeally ly strstressesseded outout.I pI probrobablably sy shouhould ld havhave le lististeneened td to mo my y parparentents ws whenhen ththey ey toltold md me te to so slowlow dowdown.n. AtAt thethe titime,me, II waswas plplayiayingng on on my my schschoolool’s ’s basbasebaeball ll teateam,m, stustudyidying ng reareallylly harhard,d, andand woworkirking ng onon SatSaturdurdaysays. I. I alalso so hadhad mymy firfirst st besbest ft frieriend.nd. II waswasn’tn’t eaeatinting g tootoo wewellll or or slesleepieping ng enoenoughugh. T. Thenhen Istastarterted gd gettettinging heheadaadacheches as and nd my my skiskin n brobrokeke outout inin a a badbad rarash.sh.

My My parparentents ss sentent meme toto ththe de doctoctoror. ThThe e docdoctortor sasaaid id thathat mt my py py robroblemlem wawas ss stretrer ss ss andand adadvisvised ed me me toto taktake ie it et easyasy. H. He te toldold me me thathat tt teeneenageagers rs neeneed ad aboubout et eighight t andand a a halhalf tf to mo moreore ththan an ninnine he hourours os of fslesleep ep eaceach nh nighight (t (I wI was as getgettinting lg lessess ththan an sevseven en houhours rs of of slesleep)ep). . He He expexplailainednedd thathat it it’st’s hahard rd forfor usus adadoleolescescentsnts toto gogo toto slesleeep ep earearly ly becbece ausause oe our ur horhormonmone le leveevels ls areare chchanganginging. .

TheThe dodoctoctor fr furturtherher sasaid id thathat st schochoololschscheduedulesles dodon’tn’t hehelp lp mucmuch. h. HeHe saisaid,d,

“Sc“Schoohools ls shoshoulduldn’tn’t hahave ve chachangenged td theheschschoolool hohoursurs. T. Theyhey ststartart soso eaearlyrly! ! ClaClassesses ss shouhouldnldn’t ’t stastart rt befbeforeore 9:9:30.30. StuStudiedies hs haveave fofoundund ththat at teeteensns whowho slesleep ep lonlonl gerger anand sd startart ct claslassesses atat a a latlater er timtime ge get et betbetterter grgradeades.”s.”

TheThe dodoctoctor ar alsolso blblameames ps parearentsnts fofor r teeteenagnagersers bebeinging ststresressedsed ouout. t. TheThey py put tua la lot ot of of o prepressussure re on on thetheir ir kidkids ts to do do wo welllll ..He He saisaid,d, “Wh“When en I wI was as youyour ar age,ge, I I useused td too jusjust st sitit aroaroundund, d, doinoing ng nothothinging. I. I usused ed to o spespendnd houhours rs jusjust wt watcatchinhing pg peopeople le andand thithinkinking.ng. ThTheseese dadays,ys, kikids ds dondon’t ’t havhaveetimtime te to jo justust kikick ck bacback ak and nd relrelax.ax.””

TeTeenenagage e ststrerer ssss

2

23

3 Circle the information mentioned in

the article.

a. Doing too much is stressful.

b. Sleeping too much is bad for you.

c. Stress can cause rashes.

d. Teens need at least eight and a half

hours of sleep.

e. Parents do not sleep enough.

4 Write the letter of the word that best

defines each term.

1. stress a. causes

2. take it easy b. add

3. adolescents c. release

4. reasons d. pressure, tension

5. contribute e. relax

6. relief f. teenagers

5 GROUPS. Discuss the following:

1. Read the top ten causes of stress on page 22. Agree on the top three

causes for your group.

2. Look at the three things you circled.

Discuss the solutions for each.

1. a cold

2. a temperature/a fever

3. a headache

4. a sprained ankle

5. a rash

6. a toothache

7. a cough

8. an ache

b) Complete the sentences. Use some of the words in Exercise 5a.

1. I’m sneezing a lot. I have .

2. My head hurts. I have .

3. My arm itches. There are red spots.

I have .

4. My throat itches. I have .

5. One of my teeth has a cavity. It really

hurts. I have .

6. I fell off the stairs. My ankle hurts.

I have .

d

Common health problems

6 a) 1.15 Match the pictures to the

ailments. Then listen and repeat.

B

a coldPronunciation

Silent letters

a) 1.13 Listen and repeat.

climb calm

b) 1.14 Listen. Underline the

silent letter(s) in each word.

1. build 3. throat 5. temperature

2. deaf 4. palm 6. health

A B C

D E F

G H

24

2 Grammar

(See Grammar Reference, page G 3.)

1 Use the cues to make sentences.

1. you / should have / get more sleep

2. I / shouldn’t have / eat a lot of sweets

3. he / should have / listen to his parents

4. they / should have / exercise more

5. we / shouldn’t have / go out without

our coats

2 Answer these questions. Write one

true answer for each question.

1. What should you have done lastweekend?

2. What shouldn’t you have done last

weekend?

3 What should each person have done

in each situation below? Write one

sentence using shouldn’t have and another using should have.

1. Last night you watched TV. Today you

had a test and did not do well on it.

2. Your best friend went to a party last

night and didn’t tell her parents.

3. Your sister used your new T-shirt.

She didn’t ask your permission.

4. Your parents gave away your old

computer. They didn’t buy a new one.

5. Your brother borrowed your backpack

yesterday. He didn’t return it.

Affirmative Negative

I should have listened I shouldn’t haveto my parents. listened to my friends.

She should have listened She shouldn’t haveto her parents. listened to her friends.

We should have listened We shouldn’t haveto our parents. listened to our friends.

Should have / Shouldn’t have

You should have gotten more sleep.

I shouldn’t have watched TV last night.I should have studied.

25

2

5 Read the sentences. Write yes/no

questions about the past.

1. You used to want to be a doctor.

2. I used to have rashes as a child.

3. My brother used to have allergies.

4. They often used to get headaches.

5. We used to get the flu in the winter.

6. She used to sleep ten hours a night .

Used to: Information questions

Affirmative Negative

I used to be short. I didn’t use to be tall.

Now, I’m very tall.

He used to be heavy. He didn’t use to be thin.

They used to be rich. They didn’t use to be poor.

(See Grammar Reference, page G 3.)

4 Look at Tom’s picture. Write sentences

comparing Tom before and now. Use

the cues.

1. not have allergies / be allergic to pollen

2. be healthy / always sick

3. be heavy / be thin

4. love roses / not like them

5. not worry about spring / not lookforward to it

Tom didn’t use to have allergies.Now he is allergic to pollen.

Yes/No questions Short answers

Did you use to have allergies? Yes, I did. /No, I didn’t.

Did he always use to be sick? Yes, he did. /No, he didn’t.

(See Grammar Reference, page G 3.)

Did you use to want to be a doctor?

Questions Answers

What did you use to be I used to be afraid afraid of? of dogs.

Where did you use to play? I used to play in the park.

(See Grammar Reference, page G 3.)

6 PAIRS. Take turns asking and

answering the questions in thegrammar box.

Example:A: What did you use to be afraid of ?B: Um, I used to . . .

Used to: Statements Used to: Yes / No Questions

26

2 Listening and Speaking

An allergy expert

1 Look at the pictures and the words below. Match the pictures with the words.

1. flowers / bees 3. eggs 5. skin rash 7. cat

2. doctor 4. sneezing 6. inhaler 8. antibiotics

D

AB

C

E F

HG

27

22 1.16 Listen to a doctor talk

about allergies. Then complete the

statements.

1. An allergy is a reaction to basically substances.

2. Normally, our bodies attack harmful

substances like or

.

3. Some symptoms of allergies are

on the skin, ,

, and eyes.

4. One in every Americans

has allergies.

3 1.17 Listen to the rest of the

interview. Write T for True or F for

False.

1. Pollution can cause allergies.

2. People are not clean enough.

3. The chemicals in cleaning

products can’t cause allergies.

4. People in rural areas have fewer

allergies.

5. The doctor’s advice is “not to be

too clean.”

4 GROUPS. Homework. Find information

on the following:

1. What are the most common types of

allergies?

2. What are some unusual types of

allergies?

Talk to a doctor

5 1.18 Listen and complete the

conversation.

DOCTOR: Hello! How are you?

PATIENT: . I feel

awful.

DOCTOR: ?

PATIENT: I have a fever and a terrible

headache.

DOCTOR: .

Say Ahhhhhhh!

PATIENT: Ahhhhhhh!

DOCTOR: Let me check your temperature.

PATIENT: Is my temperature high?

DOCTOR: Yup. .

You should go home and get

some rest. Take this antibiotic

and drink lots of liquids.

PATIENT: Thanks.

DOCTOR: Call me tomorrow if you still have

a fever.

PATIENT: OK. Thanks.

T

harmless

6 Pair work.

Student A: Go to page P 1.

Student B: Go to page P 3.

28

2 Writing

1 Write the letter of the percentage next

to each expression.

1. nobody a. 45%

2. about two thirds b. 20%

3. a few c. 80%

4. less than half d. 0%

5. a fifth e. 4%

6. the majority f. 67%

7. over half g. 54%

2 a) Read the survey questions.

4 a) Ask ten students the questions in

Exercise 2a. Create a bar graph of the

results.

b) Write a report describing the results

of your survey. Use the paragraph in

Exercise 3 as your model.

Report statistics

Writing rule

To report statistics, use:

all of them, most of them, some, a few, nobody.

20% (twenty percent).

a half or one half, a quarter, a third or one third, a fifth or one fifth.

12 people.

about, around, over, more than, less than.

d

1. Do you get up before 8 A.M.?

2. Do you always have breakfast?

3. Do you feel sleepy during

class?

4. Do you have snacks between

meals?

5. Do you eat a cooked lunch?

6. Do you always eat fruit or

vegetables?

7. Do you exercise every day?

8. Do you go to bed after

midnight?

20

We asked 20 teenagers eight questions about their daily routine. These are the results: 1 1 All / Allll //Some / MostSoome / Moostoststst of them get up before 8.00 tt A.M.2 2 Over half / Less than halfOver half / Less than haOvvOver half / Lesss than halff / About/ Aboutouututut a quartertt a ququaquuaruaartarrteterererhave breakfast every day. About 3 3 60% / 40% /60% / 40% //80%80% feel sleepy during class. %% 4 4 Nine / Nine //Seven / TwelveSevevenn / TwTwelvelve people have snacks betweenmeals. Exactly 5 5 50% /50%0% // 40% / 60%40% / 60%/ 60% eat a cooked %%lunch. 6 6 LessLessss than / About / Overthan / Abooutouut ut / Over/ OvvOver a quarter eat rrfruit or vegetables every day. 7 7 About / Under /Aboutouut / Underut / Undut ut / UnUndder //OverOvvOver halfrr usually do some exercise during thefday and finally, 8 8 a few /a feewfew // most of them /mostst st ofof them //all of themall ofof themhem go to bed after midnight. mm

3 Look at the bar graph. Then circle the

correct answers.

b) Twenty students responded to

the survey questions. The bar graph

shows the results. Write the results in

Exercise 2a.

Nu

mb

er

of

stu

de

nts

20

15

10

5

0

Question number1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Review Units 1 and 2

29

1. Buddhism is a major religion in the

Chinese .

2. There are millions of

living in the United States.

3. Children of immigrants often search

for their own .

4.

immigrant.

5. Christmas is an important

holiday.

6. Ana’s parents from Germany to Argentina ten years ago.

2 Circle the correct definition. (1 point

each)

1. contribute a. add b. ask

2. stress a. relaxation b. tension

3. adolescents a. adults b. teenagers

4. take it easy a. sleep b. relax

5. relief a. release b. increase

6. reasons a. thoughts b. causes

Grammar

3 Circle the best answers to complete the sentences. (1 point each)

1. Carmen gets / got home after the dog

eats / had eaten the roast chicken.

2. She had put / put the chicken on thetable before she left / had left

the house.

3. The dog jumps / had jumped up on

the table and eaten / ate the chicken.

4. Carmen had seen / saw that the dog

has / had also broken the plate.

5. Her mother has told / had told her to

put the chicken in the refrigerator.

6. Carmen knew she makes / had made

a mistake.

4 Write sentences in your notebook.

(3 points each)

1. where / you / use to / live?

2. I / should have / finish / my homework

3. what / they / use to / watch on TV?

4. he / shouldn’t have / stay up late.

5. how / you / use to / get to school?

Writing

5 Write a short paragraph about your life

last year. Mention at least two things

you did and two things you used to do.

(10 points each)

Example: When I was 10, I rode my bike every day.

I used to read comic books.

culture

Where did you use to live?

Vocabulary

1 Complete the sentences with words

from the box. (2 points each)

cultureculture generation

2

30

English for health

3 PAIRS. Discuss these questions.

a. Why is it difficult for teenagers go to bed at night?b. What problems does lack of sleep cause for teenagers?

4 Read the ways you can get better sleep at night. Check ( ) the ones that are easy for you to do.

Sleep and teenagers1 PAIRS. Discuss this question:

Do you usually feel tired or sleepy in class? Why?

2 Read the text.

Do You Have Trouble Sleeping?

Parents are puzzled how their teenagers can stay up all night, and teachers wonder why their students are falling asleep in class. Researchers have come up with an explanation. The sleep patterns of teenagers differ from those of adults or young children!

Studies show that during the adolescent years, the body’s internal biological clock is temporarily reset, telling a person to fall asleep later and wake up later. This change in rhythm seems to be due to the fact that the brain hormone melatonin (which helps you sleep) is produced later at night for teens.

This change in a teenager’s body rhythm is difficult because it coincides with the period of the day when a teenager is very busy with his or her activities. Early start times in many schools also contribute to the sleep deficit, especially for teenagers who go to bed after midnight and have to get up early for school.

Here are some ways that can help teenagers sleep better:1. Go to bed at a regular time. 1. Go to bed at a regular1. GGo to bed atat a rereggulgulullarar a timtiimimeme.. This signals your body that it is time to sleep.2. Exercise regularly.2 Exercise re2. ExExE ercrcise reregulargulgulullararla ly.rlyly.ly.y.Exercise no less than five or six hours before going to bed...

3. Avoid anything with caffeine, such as soda and coffee, after 4 3. Avoid anything with caffeine, such as soda and coffee, after 4 3. Avoid anything with caffeine, such as soda and coff3. Avoid anything with caffeine, su3. AvAvovoid ananyannytythytththihiinginng wiwitithth t cafaffafffefffeiininne, ssuch as soda and coffee, after 4ucch aasa sodda d aanand cooffffefffee, afaftafftftteer 4 PP..MM..4. Relax your mind.4. ReRelaxax ax yoyourur ur mmindmimiiinind.. Avoid watching action or scary shows before bed...

5. Turn off the lights or keep them low.5. Turn off the lights or keep them5. Turn off the lights or keep t5. TuTurTurnurrn n ooffff ff thththe lligliigghtghts or kkeeep themththeem lowllowow.w.w. Light signals that it’s time to wake up...6. Create the right sleeping enviroment.6. Create the right sleeping enviroment6. Create the righ6. Crereatatte thththe ririgriighghtg t sleeping envht sslleeepiinginng eenvnviiromentviviiiroirroommeentnt..Keep your room cool and dark at bed time...7. 7. dy. Avoid the tendency to stay up late to studyAvoid the tendency to stay up late tAvoid tAvAvovoid thhe tendency to stay up late to stht e tendencycy cy tto sttaytay upup llatatte tto studysttutudydy.dy.y. Cutting back on sleep will negatively

affect your performance during a test.

31

Movie

1 Read the article.

Some songs remind us of someone or of certain experiences in the past. For example, “Unchained Melody” in the 1990

lasting true love between two people even when one of them dies. The memories songs bring up are usually very personal.In a blog discussion, Tom A. wrote that Symphony X’s “Paradise Lost” reminds him of a girl he met while on vacation in Florida. She was about to give him her telephone number but his mother came to pick him up, and the girl walked away. Henever saw her again.

The memories associated with certain songs can be either good, bad, happy, or sad, depending on the circumstances when we heard them. For example, if “My Heart

having a happy conversation with someone you like a lot, the song will probably trigger a happy memory. But if you heard

you would probably burst into tears every time you heard the song!

2 a) Think of three songs that have

special meaning to you. What do you

remember when you hear each of

these songs? Write them in the chart.

Song title What the song reminds me of

1.

2.

3.

b) PAIRS. Share the information fromyour charts.

3 Homework: Choose one song from:

Exercise 2. Do the following:

a.

several copies and the song to class.

b. Distribute copies of the lyrics and play

the song for the class.

c.

meaningful to you. What good or bad

memory does the song have for you?

32

Culture spot

Multicultural celebrities

1 a) What do you know about these

people?

This famous Mexican actress has a Lebanese father and a Mexican mother. She inherited her talent from her mother,a popular opera singer. She studied International Relations in college, but left school to become an actress. In 1991, she moved to the United States and took English lessons to help her fini d film work. She formed her own production company in 1998 to promote Latin actors and actresses and to create Latin films. She has worked with stars like Antonio Banderas and George Clooney.

This American actor’s father is a comic artist and producer of comic books. His

mother is from Germany and is a former legal secretary who left her country during

the 1950s. His career began with appearance in several commercials and educational

films. Inn 1997, he starred in James Cameron’s Titanic, alongside Kate Winslet acting

as twenty-y year-old Jack Dawson, a penniless Wisconsin man who wins two tickets

for the third-class on the RMS Titanic. When he was a child, he lived mainly in

Los Angeles, but now he divides his time between Los Angeles and Manhattan.

AB

C

1

2

b) 1.19 ReReReeadadadad aaalololongngng aaass s yoyoy uu liliststenen..

Guess s s tthththee ididididenenentititititittiesesees ooofff thththee pepep opopoplelele.. Thenenenn mmmmaatatatttchchchch tttttthhehhhehemmm tototo ttthhehehe ppppphohohohohohottotootossss.

This American actor was born in Beirut, Lebanon, where his father, a Chinese-Hawaiian geologist, married an English singer. His name means “cool breeze over the mountains”. His most successful film was The Matrix. He donated much of the money he earned from the sequels to The Matrix to the costume-and-special-effects team. He felt he already had enough money to live a good life. Always a generous man, he has also donated millions of dollars to cancer research. He now earns around twenty million dollars per movie.

33

She is an Englsih actress. Her first

name means “dark.” Her father is

an actor. Her mothhhher ee is a playwright.

She first asked for a business agent

at the age of three. Her most

famous role was as Elizabeth Bennet

in Pride and Prejudice. In 2005, she e

was nominated for Academy Award

for the best actress in the same

movie. She currently lives in London

and loves working there because it’s

her home.

D

3

4

2 Answer these questions.

11. What do these four entertainers have What do these four entertain

in common?

2. s form her Why did the Mexican actress

own production company?

3. a) in the Which of them doesn’t live

United States?

b) e United Why doesn’t she live in the

States?

4. a) Who is the lead star on he MatrixThemovies?

b) s he do?What charitable acts does

3 a) Answer these questions:

1. come from Do you have ancestors who c

y?other cultures? Who are they

2. Where did they come from?

3. being What are the advantages of b

multicultural?

your b) Share the information with

class.

34

Break time

1 Match the questions with the correct answers.

I were to skip a tennis?

I should at a house last week.

They used have done my yesterday.

She you been be science science report.

Did did use to before badstudent.

Had didn’t have my toothache class?

Why they you here play yesterday?

1. What is yours, but your friends

use it more than you do?

2. You are trapped in a room with

no windows and a locked door.

How do you get out?

3. How many seconds are in a year?

4. Why do dogs scratch themselves?

5. What does a farmer use to count

his cattle?

6. Why didn’t the skeleton play?

7. Where do you leave your dog

while you shop?

2 Find the right path to discover seven sentences. Always move forward. You can’t move

backward. Write the sentences in your notebook.

a. Because they’re the only ones who

know where it itches.

b. Your name.

c. A cow-culator.

d. In a barking lot.

e.

second, etc.

f. Go through the holes where the

windows used to be.

g. Because it had no body to play with!

3 a) Find the words from the box in the

puzzle below.

sicksick

b) Put together the unused letters

in the puzzle to find the answer to

this question.

Q: What do you say to people who

worry too much?

A: !

S T S I C K H

T H Y R W A

R S H O O P

U U L L R P

S P D T A R Y

S S A K X I

I T

D T A S D D Y