©

Tomokazu Minesaki

Rail Safety 2012

28-29th March, Sydney

28/MAR/2012

Case Study: Japanese High Speed Rail

- Initiatives Delivering Safe and Reliable HSR Operation-

©

Central Japan

Railway

Company

TOKYO

Nagoya

Osaka

JR Central and its Area

28/MAR/2012

©

Tokaido Shinkansen

• The World’s FIRST High-Speed Rail

- In operation since 1964

(*French TGV since 1981, German ICE since 1991)

• Even now, the Leading High Speed Rail in the World

Series 0 (1964)

1st Generation

210km/h

Series N700 (2007)

5th Generation

270km/h, Sanyo 300km/h

28/MAR/2012

©

JR-Hokkaido

JR-EAST

JR-CENTRAL

JR-WEST

JR-SHIKOKUJR-KYUSHU

JAPAN NATIONAL RAILWAYS

1987 - Privatization

28/MAR/2012

©

Tokaido Shinkansen Diagram

High Volume

323 trains/day

386,000 passengers / day

28/MAR/2012

©

Tokaido Shinkansen Diagram

Punctuality -Reliability-

minutes / train

Annual Average Delay

28/MAR/2012

©

Tokaido Shinkansen Diagram

Safety

28/MAR/2012

©28/MAR/2012

Highway

Shinkansen tracks

Dedicated Line with No Level Crossings

A dedicated, closed passenger rail system with

- complete separation of passenger and freight traffic

- full grade separations

zero possibility of collision with goods trains or motor vehicles

Basic Concepts

©

Protective Fence

Protective

fence

Area in which trespassing is prohibited

Dedicated tracks for HSR ensures Safety and Security

Basic Concepts

28/MAR/2012

©28/MAR/2012

Basic Concepts

- Eliminates possibility of collision with forerunning train

- 100% safety record in Japan for over 47 years

Ground

Facility

Calculated brake pattern Comparison of

brake pattern and speed

Brake command

ATC Signal

(Information on the forerunning train)

Automatic Train Control (ATC)

Brake pattern is calculated by

on-board ATC system

©28/MAR/2012

Basic Concepts

- Monitors operational condition of trains and facilities

- Manages train operations comprehensively

- 100% safety record in Japan for over 47 years

(Computer-aided Traffic Control)

Shinkansen General Control Centre (Tokyo) Schedule Diagram

6:00

…

7:00 8:00 9:00Tokyo

Nagoya

Shin-

Osaka

©28/MAR/2012

Basic Concepts - Maintenance

Multiple Inspection Train : Dr Yellow

7-car EMU train

Inspects track, catenaries, and

signalling and telecommunications

facilities

Conducts inspections at 270km/h

during operating hours.

Runs every 10 days.

0

10

-10[mm]

10m弦高低左 06-01

0

10

-10[mm]

10m弦高低右 06-01

0

10

-10[mm]

10m弦通り左 06-01

0

10

-10[mm]

10m弦通り右 06-01

JR東海 東海道新幹線 下り (7K621.51M ～ 8K695.59M)

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

-0.05

-0.1

-0.15

-0.2[g]

動揺上下 06-01

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

-0.05

-0.1

-0.15

-0.2[g]

動揺左右 06-01

JR東海 東海道新幹線 車体加速度 下り (220K261.99M ～ 222K41.86M)

Acceleration data Rail deformation data

©

12:00 19:00

23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

24:00 5:00

Tokyo

Nagoya

Shin

-Osaka

6:00

Securing Maintenance Time for TracksMaintenance hoursCommercial operation hours

Firs

t se

rvic

e o

f the

da

y

Ins

pe

ctio

n c

ar

Last s

erv

ice o

f the d

ay

Maintenance hours

Inspection carAn inspection car is operated to confirm the safety of rail tracks, making it possible for all services to operate at regular speed from the start of each day.

Passenger-dedicated

rail enables

maintenance work for

the entire network of

tracks.

28/MAR/2012

Basic Concepts - Maintenance

©

Beyond the basics: maintaining safe operations

28/MAR/2012

1. Policy and philosophy

2. Hardware

-Investment in the latest technology

3. Software -Education and Training of Employees

-Practical Training

©28/MAR/2012

- Rolling stock

- Ground facilities and tracks

- Power and signal facilities

- Disaster prevention facilities

- Protective facilities

- Safety promotion structure

- Employee Education and Aptitude

- Maintenance

- Operation management

Hardware Software

Integrated Management of the “High-Speed Railway System”

The safety and high quality of the Tokaido Shinkansen has been assured

through the integrated management of the “High-Speed Railway System,”

which is comprised of both hardware and software.

Importance of Integrated Management of Railway Systems

Safety and Punctuality

©

1. Policy and philosophy

28/MAR/2012

3 Safety requires absolute confirmation and thorough communication.

4 Safety requires cooperation as one beyond assigned tasks.

5 When in doubt, take the action deemed safest and ensure that

nothing is missed.

1 Safety is the number one

priority of our transportation

service.

2 Safety starts with strict

adherence to rules and

fulfillment of duties, and rests

on continual self improvement.

©28/MAR/2012

1. Policy and philosophy

Rolling Stock

Track and

Infrastructure

Power, Signal and

Telecommunication

Operation

Safe and Reliable Operation

©28/MAR/2012

(1AUD=80JPY)

1.602.11 2.23

1.732.05 1.95

2.61

3.463.31

3.05

3.603.85

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Safety-Related Investments Total capital Investments

(billions of AUD)

(FY)

2. Maintaining safe operations -Hardware-

©

Disasters by Typhoons

(7/7/1974) (18/9/1990)

Embankment Collapse

28/MAR/2012

Rainfall

©

Concrete cover on embankments

《Embankment

Reinforcement

Measures》

Countermeasures

Drainage

pipes

Drainage pipe construction

《Slope Measures》

Flood prevention wallFree frame construction

Annual Rainfall Tokyo London Sydney

1,500mm 750mm 1,200mm

⇒after measures , no damage28/MAR/2012

©

Shear failure Bending failure

28/MAR/2012

Earthquakes

©

Seismic Retrofit for Viaduct Bridges

Steel jacketing around columns

Steel jacketing

(In service)

28/MAR/2012

©

Seismic Retrofit for Embankments

Seismic retrofit for embankments using Steel Sheet piles

Embankment

Retaining

wall

Steel sheet

piles

Prestressing steel bar

(Tied both sheet pile

tops)

Ground

(In service)

28/MAR/2012

©

Epicenter

Primary-Seismic Wave Wave propagation

7km/sec.

Secondary-Seismic

WaveWave propagation

4km/sec.

Detector Substation

Shinkansen

Train

ΔT

P-Seismic wave

detected

S-Seismic wave

arrived

Calculation &

Transmission (2sec)

Alarm

28/MAR/2012

TERRA-S (Tokaido Shinkansen Earthquake Rapid Alarm-System)

©

October 23, 2004 17:56 PM

Jouetsu-Shinkansen Line

Derailment.

No one died or injured.

28/MAR/2012

Derailment caused by earthquakes

JR East

©

【collision】

【regular】

maintenance

Anti-derailment guard Post- Derailment Stopper

New countermeasures against earthquakes

28/MAR/2012

©

Mar.11.2011 14:46

Magnitude 9.0

Epicenter

130km

Sendai

The Great East Japan Earthquake

Tohoku

Shinkansen

©

The Great East Japan Earthquake

(Tokaido Shinkansen)

Mar.11.2011 Tokaido Shinkansen

14:46 Earthquake occurred

TERRA-S detected P wave

and stopped operating

14:46-17:42 Track Inspection

18:26 Operation resumed

Mar.11.2011 evening at Tokyo

©

3. Software

28/MAR/2012

©

《Skill development》

Training at the Train Crew Depot

We regularly reassess the knowledge and skills of train crews

to maintain safe operations.

28/MAR/2012

Simulator for Shinkansen Drivers

Simulator for Shinkansen

Conductors

©

Catenary wire recovery

Evacuation of passengers

28/MAR/2012

General training sessions simulating actual accidents

Repair of derailed rolling stock.

©

Safety as a state of mind: employee education

Supervisor Driver

28/MAR/2012

Supervisors

Drivers, Conductors

©

Learning System (CJR e-Learning system)

-Started in 1996

-30 courses

-8,000 employees / year

Self Development

28/MAR/2012

©

《Sleeping Management》

Irregular work style (driver, conductor)

catnap

Self-management

28/MAR/2012

©

New Employee General Training Centre

28/MAR/2012

©

Training Devices

28/MAR/2012

Shinkansen Conventional Line

©28/MAR/2012

©28/MAR/2012

Thank you for your attention.