Learning and teaching in the digital age (By Steve Wheeler)

Learning and teaching in the digital age

Steve Wheeler@timbuckteeth

Plymouth University, UK

8th International Teacher Training Seminar, Barcelona, Spain: October 6th, 2011

Here's to the crazy ones. The misfits. The rebels. The troublemakers. The round pegs in the square holes. The ones who see things differently.They're not fond of rules. And they have no respect for the status quo.You can quote them, disagree with them, glorify or vilify them. But the only thing you can't do is ignore them. Because they change things. They push the human race forward.And while some see them as the crazy ones, we see genius.Because the people who are crazy enough to think they can change the world, are the ones who do.

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“For the first time we are preparing students for a future we cannot clearly describe.” – David Warlick

http://communications.nottingham.ac.uk/podcasts/

Our Shared Problem...

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http://aproposofnothing.files.wordpress.com

Introducing technology into education

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New and emerging technologies...

http://www.weirdthings.org.uk

...are often met with opposition.

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InnovationPrevention

Department

Introducing computers into schools

“Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic”

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We are battling against a common enemy....

ignorance

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http://www.dailymail.co.uk

If you think education is expensive...

...try ignorance.

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What is wrong with school?

“Education is what remains after one has forgotten everything he learned in

school.” – Albert Einstein

http://gradeproud.com

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Does education need transformation?

Source: Chambers English Dictionary

"In large states public education will always be mediocre, for the same reason that in large kitchens the cooking is usually bad."

- Nietzschehttp://thescholasticdiary.wordpress.com

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Young people’s out-of-school experiences with technology can mean that students

find the presentation of school curriculum less challenging, less

relevant and less engaging.

Source: http://community.learningobjects.com

http://encefalus.com

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Education is changing for young people as they experience self-directed learning,

(mostly outside school) about things that interest them.

Source: http://community.learningobjects.com

http://flickr.com/photos/thomcochrane/416206133/

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“Education must begin with the solution of the teacher-student contradiction, by reconciling the poles of the contradiction so that both are simultaneously teachers and students.”

- Paulo Frierehttp://arts.anu.edu.au

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“The wish to preserve the past rather than the hope of creating the future dominates the minds of those who control the teaching of the young" - Bertrand Russell

http://flickr.com/photos/shu1/6065783/

Does education need reform?

The School Computer Suite...

http://www.hseb.utah.edu

http://i.dailymail.co.uk

Objections from educators

...they are distracting and disruptive. The phone becomes

the focus of attention,inappropriate images/videos can

be taken and sent, leading to invasion of privacy and loss of

teacher control!

Mobile phones are banned in most schools because...

Half of teens send 50 or more text messages a day, or 1,500 texts a month, and one in three send more than 100 texts a day, or more than 3,000 texts a month. (2009 statistics)

Source: http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2010/Teens-and-Mobile-Phones.aspx

http://blog.roadandtravel.com

Mobile phones are the natural communication

tool of choice for younger users.

Are we preparing this generation for the future

or for the past?

What are the needs of today’s learners?

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Digital Natives?

The Net

Generation?

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/56155476@N08/5667863948/

Zappiens?

Learners will need new ‘literacies’

• Social networking• Privacy maintenance• Identity management• Creating content• Organising content• Reusing and repurposing• Filtering and selecting• Self presenting

http://www.mopocket.com/

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anytime

personalised

anyplacehttp://ithalas.com

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Trends in Education

Just for me Apprenticeship model

Just in case Standard Curriculum

Just in timeBespoke Curriculum

Just for mePersonalised Learning

Personal Learning Environment

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A system that helps learners take control of and manage their own learning. This includes providing

support for learners to

Personal Learning Environment

manage their learning

set their own learning goals

communicate with others

User Generated Content

What does a personal learning environment look like?

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Personalised Learning

Today you are You, that is truer than true. There is no one alive who is Youer than You.

- Dr Suesshttp://images.fanpop.com/images

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Personalisation of learning means ensuring that individual differences are

acknowledged

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Generating Content

Sharing Content Organising Content

Personal Web Tools

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Generating Content

Sharing Content Organising Content

Blog Mashup

Tagging

Personal Web Tools

E-portfolio

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Personal Learning Environments

PersonalLearning Environment

Personal Learning Network

PersonalWeb Tools

Source: http://steve-wheeler.blogspot.com/2010/07/anatomy-of-ple.html

PLEs are not only personal web tools and personal learning networks. PLEs

are much wider than this, taking in experiences and realia, as well as learning through TV, music, paper based materials, radio &

more formal contexts.

Learning content is not as important now as where (or who) to connect to, to

find it.

PWTs are any web tools, (usually Web 2.0) chosen

by learners to support their lifelong learning.

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Learning to learn

Critical thinking

Collaboration

Creativity

Reflection

Evaluation

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Why social media?

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Social media use 2011

>750 Million

>200Million95 million tweets/day

>100 Million

>125 Million

>17 million

articles

(in English)>5 Billion images3000 images/minute

2 Billion views/day24 hours/minute Source: http://www.browsermedia.co.uk

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There are 5 billion mobile phone connections. 3 times as many mobile phones as computers on the planet.

Source: BBC News 2010

Data consumed in 2010 for mobiles 2.8 exabytesData consumed in 2009 1.1 exabytes

The global context...Social media use is on the rise with over 750 million users on Facebook and 24 hours of video uploaded every minute on Youtube.

http://www.uksmallbusinesswebsites.co.uk

With access to Social Media everyone has a voice

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What are the new pedagogies?

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EducationEducere (latin) = to draw out what is within

= to bring out potential

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EducationEducere (latin) = to draw out what is within

= to bring out potential

Image source: http://laescueladeateanas.files.wordpress.com

Socratic discourse is based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical

thinking and illuminate ideas.

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We cannot ‘manage’ self-organised learning for our students.

We can only create conducive environments within which students will organise their own learning.

Self Organised Learning

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Formal and Informal learning

Formal Learning Informal Learning

20%80%

Source: Cofer, D. (2000). Informal Workplace Learning.

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http://www.ischool.berkeley.edu

Networked learning

“Understanding how networks work is one of the most important literacies of the 21st Century.”

- Howard Rheingold

Making Connections

In connectivism, learning involves creating connections and developing a network. It is

a theory for the digital age drawing upon chaos, emergent properties, and

self organised learning.

(It’s not what you know but who you know)

Source: Wikipediahttp://www.pestproducts.com

Social Networks...Redefine community, friendship, identity, presence, privacy, geography, power relationships

Enable learning, connections, collaboration, sharing, exploration

Adapted from Couros, A. (2010)

http://www.guardian.co.uk

http://strategicdc.com

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Social Networks...Redefine community, friendship, identity, presence, privacy, geography, power relationships

Enable learning, connections, collaboration, sharing, exploration

Networks form around shared interests, ideas and objects

Adapted from Couros, A. (2010)

http://www.guardian.co.uk

http://strategicdc.com

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RhizomesDeleuze & Guattari

‘Anarchy’ of the Web

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“...multiple, non-hierarchical entry and exit points in data representation and

interpretation.”

Rhizomatic learning

http://archbold-station.org

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Rhizomatic learning

“In the rhizomatic view, knowledge can only be negotiated, [and is] a personal knowledge-creation process with mutable goals and constantly negotiated premises.”

Source: Cormier, D. (2008) http://davecormier.com/edblog/

Community as curriculum: The users become the arbiters of what constitutes knowledge

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/luc/

Paragogy

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The kinds of learner support

Social support

Academicsupport

Technicalsupport

Reference: (Carnwell, 2000)

Traditionally the domain of the teacher/tutor

These are often provided by peers

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“We are seeing peer-based learning networks where students are learning as much from each other as they are from their mentors and tutors.” – John Seely-Brown

Image source: http://businessinnovationfactory.com

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What will be the new teacher roles?

“Any teacher who can be replaced by a computer....

.... should be”.

- Arthur C. Clarke

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“A computer once beat me at chess...

http://woodforthetrees.files.wordpress.com

...but was no match for me at kickboxing.”

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Content curation

Collaboration

Facilitation

Inspiration!

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/worldbank/2760560588/

Co-learning

Learning support

Doctors save lives.

Teachers make lives.

http://w

.taranakicareers.co.nz

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Digital Content Curation

www.scoop.it/t/future-school

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“We need to trust the innate ability of learners to self assess.”

- Derek RobertsonE-Assessment Scotland, 2010

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Ipsative assessment...

...where a student’s learning is measured against previous attainment. This is observed in games where players are constantly trying to better their own previous top scores.

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Triadic assessmentPeer Assessment

Self Asse

ssment

Triadic Assessment (Gale et al, 2002)

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Multimedia brought the world into the classroom...

www.canada.com

Smart technologies will take the classroom out into the world.

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“All too often today we are giving young people cut flowers when we should be teaching them to grow their own plants.”

- John W Gardner

http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/image/s_flowers-lost-gardens-of-heligan.jpg

http://www.newcastle.edu.au

The future?

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Thank you!

W: steve-wheeler.netE: swheeler@plymouth.ac.ukB: steve-wheeler.blogspot.comT: @timbuckteeth

Picture by Helen Keegan

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This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 UK:

International Licence.

Steve Wheeler swheeler@plymouth.ac.uk University of Plymouth, United Kingdom

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