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house framing, building framing
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Light Wood Frame Construction
Framing Methods
Floor Systems
Wall Systems
Roof Systems
Wood Terms
IBC - Type 5 Construction
Professor Richard Luxenburg, AIAAnne Arundel Community CollegeDepartment of Architecture and Interior Design
Fall 2009
Larger (5”x5” min) and fewer members (spaced further apart 2’,4’,6’, 8’o.c) IBC - Type 4 Construction (different code requirements) Diagonal bracing or rigid connections required for lateral stability Exposed construction (no cavities) Tends to be Very Expensive – guess why?
LWF (light wood framing) is Not Heavy Timber
Heavy Timber is:
Light Wood Frame Construction………………………….(like a light balloon!)http://www.canforcentre.com/system.html
Light Wood FrameFloor Systems
Wood Joist System Relatively small joist members
(2 x10 etc.) closely spread
(12”, 16”, 24” o.c) Short spans for subflooring,
underlayment and gypbd. clg. Joists supported by
beams or walls Flexible in form & shape
(unlike grid of post & beam)
Heavy Timber section of a light wood framed (LWF) house.
House-wrap (Dupont Tyvek) over panelled sheating. Explain why! Moisture/air infiltration.
http://www.tyvek.com/whatistyvek.htm
http://www2.dupont.com/Tyvek_Construction/en_US/products/residential/products/thermawrap.html
Project No. 1Here’s a project you’re going to have to do this semester!So pay attention!
That’s a student’s bass wood (not balsa wood) model!
Wall Systems
Wood Stud Walls• 2 x 4’s or 2 x 6’s• 16” or 24” o.c.• Insulation• vapor barriers• Interior finish (gypsum)
Framing Methods
Studs sit on a platform of plywood
(decking/sheathing) between floorsStuds continue from foundation to roof
PlatformBalloon Framing
Framing Methods - Balloon Frame
Framing Method - Platform Framing
Wood Terms
Joist: horizontal or sloped framing member
Rafter: sloping framing member for the roof
ceiling joist
floor joist
stud
rafter
Stud: vertical framing member
• Beams• Columns
“Stick built”– not using pre-fab trusses(like the next slide) but instead using individual 2x rafters
re - Engineered lumberGlulam (Glued Laminated Timber) I-joist LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) OSB (Oriented Strand Board) Plywood Rim Board Siding Specialty Wood Products
•Glulam (Glued Laminated Timber) •I-joist •LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber) •OSB (Oriented Strand Board) •Plywood •Rim Board •Siding •Specialty Wood Products
Engineered Wood & Lumber – not found nature
Header Sill Cripple/Jacks
sill
header
cripple/jacks
sill cripple/jacks
stud
jack stud
bottom plate
top plate
Plates - Horizontal members at top & bottom of studs
@ Sill
@ Wall
@ Foundation
stud
bottom plate
top plate
Wood Terms• Blocking
Solid piece of isolated wood (stud) placed between framing members (walls, floors, roofs).
Usually for support or attachment of something else.
blocking
Bridging Material between framing members (continuous) to evenly distribute loads Keeps framing members from twisting
Solid blocking Diagonal bridging
• Wood• Metal
blocking
bridging
Sheathing - material covering the framing members (roof, floor & walls)
Plywood (typically 4’ x 8’ modular sheets) roll sliced lumber OSB (oriented strand board) reconstituted (recycled) wood Boards (cut lumber)
http://www.rd.com/content/openContent.do?contentId=17535&pageIndex=1
http://www.canply.org/english/products/manufacturing/manufacture.htm
http://www.afrc.uamont.edu/pattersond/Coursework/Undergrad/plywood.htm
http://www.apawood.org/level_b.cfm?content=prd_main
http://www.ainsworth.ca/pdf/products/ans_osb06.05.pdf
The true measurement of a 2x4 is actually about 1.5x3.5. When the board is first rough sawn from the log, it is a true 2x4, but the drying process and planing of the board reduce it to the finished 1.5x3.5 size. The lumber is then sold as a "2x4" because the cost of the drying and machining are figured in ... it is also much easier to refer to a board as a "2x4", rather than a "1.5x3.5".
Soundproofing Products Acoustiblok® is a unique 1.1 lb. psf U.L. Classified, high S.T.C. reinforced dense noise isolating
material for reducing sound transmission. is approved by U.L. for walls, ceilings and floors (see U.L. classification. It is usually stapled to wood studs
Each layer of 16 oz Acoustiblok® reduces sound transmission by as much as 30 db depending on the frequencies.
A typical 2 x 4 gypsumboard stud wall is usually 33 to 35 STC. Acoustiblok® installed in the 2 x 4 wall is lab certified at an amazing "STC of 52", better than 12" of poured concrete (STC 51).
http://www.ainsworth.ca/pdf/products/ans_osb06.05.pdf
Floor Systems
Flo
or S
yste
ms
Floor SystemsSheathing
Floor Systems - Floor Projections
Floor Systems - Floor Openings
Floor Systems - Partition Connections
Partition parallel to
joists
Partition perpendicular to joists
Partition perpendicular to joists
Partition parallel to
joists
Floor Systems - Partition Connections
Partition perpendicular to joists
Partition parallel to
joists
Floor Systems - Partition Connections
Wall SystemsCorners & Partition Intersections
Wall SystemsDoor & Window Openings
Wall Systems - Wood Stud SheathingStuds @ 12” , 16” or 24” o.c.- Leaves Void spaces for insulation and space to run electrical and mechanical lines
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