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Light WoodFraming
Two developments in the late 18th
century had a major impact on thepopularity and propagation of
light
wood framing systems in North America:
1) Sawing techniques
2) Fastening systems
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The band saw, invented in about 1807 in the United States,
permitted the processing of much larger timber.
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Prior to about the late 18th century, all nails
were hand-forged, and consequently veryexpensive to produce. In
fact, buildingswere burnt down to recover nails pullingthe nails
would have damaged them.
The nails usually were square in cross-
section and tapered in all directions as aresult of the forging
process.
Around about 1780, a more
automated method was developed,where nails were cutor
shearedfrom asheet of iron (and later steel).
The nails produced were moreconsistent in shape, though the
process was still quite labour intensive.
They were rectangular in section, buttwo sides were parallel,
determined by
the thickness of the sheet from whichthey were sheared.
It was not until about 1890 that nails were
produced from round wires as they are today, hencethe term
wire-cut nails, at a fraction of the cost.
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Light Wood Framing
Techniques
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2 x 6
2 x 4 2 x 3 2 x 2
2 x 8
2 x 10
2 x 12
2"
2"
2"
2" 2" 2" 2"
[ 51mm ]
[ 51mm ]
[ 51mm ]
[ 51mm ] [ 51mm ] [ 51mm ] [ 51mm ]
2"
3"
4"
6"
8"
10"
12"
[51mm]
[76mm]
[102mm]
[152mm
]
[203mm]
[254mm]
[305mm]
2 x 6
2 x 4 2 x 3 2 x 2
2 x 8
2 x 10
2 x 12
1 1/2" 1 1/2" 1 1/2" 1 1/2"
[ 38mm ] [ 38mm ] [ 38mm ] [ 38mm ]
51/2"
71/4"
91/4"
111/4"
[140mm
]
[184mm]
[235mm]
[286mm]
1 1/2"
1 1/2"
1 1/2"
[ 38mm ]
[ 38mm ]
[ 38mm ]
11/2"
21/2"
31/2"
[38mm]
[64mm]
[89mm]
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Floor framing
Floor framing Floor framing
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Floor framing Floor framing
Floor framing
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Joists on top of
foundation wall
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Cantilevered
framing
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cross-bracing &
bridging
solid bridging cross bracing
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Wall framing
Platform framing
Wall framing Wall framing
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Wall framing
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Climate data for
selected locations
in Canada
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