Encouraging “Difability” thinking in Community Based Rehabilitation Addressing poverty and social exclusion

Suharto, PhD Student,

Dr Patricia Dorsett, Senior Lecturer

Dr Pim Kuipers, Principal Research FellowSchool of Human Services and Social Work, Griffith University QLD

Photo: CBRDTC Solo

My Terminology: Difability• Different ability• Acknowledging the existence of abilities• People with difabilities (PWDs)

Institutional-based Rehabilitation

• Expensive in sophisticated equipment and facilities.• High cost for operational and professional

training.• Usually city based.• Often not acceptable to people with difabilities,

families & communities. (Finkenflügel, 1991; Lightfoot, 2004; Lysack & Kaufert, 1994; Malafatopoulos, 1986; Marincek, 1988)

Photo: CBR Guideline 2010

Community Based Rehabilitation

• Encourages community participation and utilisation of community resources.• For more accessible basic rehabilitation

provision at the lower cost.• Broadening rehabilitation coverage for

PWDs.(Lightfoot, 2004)

Three layers of the CBR model

New CBR Definition(ILO, UNESCO, & WHO, 2004 Joint Position Paper, p. 2)

• strategy within community development for:• rehabilitation, • equalization of

opportunities,• social inclusion

• all PWDs

Key stakeholders

in society

5 Components of CBRIDDC (2012, p. 9); (WHO et al., 2010)

CBR model continuing to evolve: Community Based Inclusive Development (CBID)(IDDC, 2012)

CBID

CBID

Example of change in CBR:CBRDTC Solo practices• Policy advocacy in 7 districts of Central Java, Indonesia.• Encourages local governments to make policy and budgeting allow

PWDs to enjoy equality.• Change from an exclusive, single, practical issue to inclusive, cross-

cutting, strategic issues.• Goal: inclusive development that benefits all, accommodates

difability rights, and provides space for PWDs participation.(Sukamto, 2013)

CBRDTC Solo: Addressing poverty by mainstreaming difability rights

• Self Help Groups: knowing problems and needs at grassroots level, self-advocacy, income gathering.

• Difability Advocacy Teams: advocating government & employers, facilitating vocational & entrepreneurship programs, awareness raising.

(Sukamto, 2013)

SHG-DAT Interactions for PWDs Poverty Eradication● Transm

itting/m

ediating PWDs aspiration ● Advising

for decision-making ● Gathering inform

ation

● Partnership/collaboration in advocacy ● Advisory for building capacities

● Se

lf-ad

voca

cy (d

irect

ly vo

icing

asp

iratio

n)

● Be

nefit

ed fr

om d

evel

opm

ent

Conclusion

●INCLUSIVE SOCIETY?

●REDUCED POVERTY?

Photo: CBRDTC Solo

References• Finkenflügel, H. (1991). Help for the disabled-in hospital and at home. Paper presented at the World health forum.• IDDC. (2012). CBR Guidelines as a Tool for Community Based Inclusive Development. Brussels, Belgium:

International Disability and Development Consortium (IDDC).• ILO, UNESCO, & WHO. (2004). CBR: A strategy for rehabilitation, equalization of opportunities, poverty reduction

and social inclusion of people with disabilities: Joint position paper. Geneva: World Health Organization.• Lightfoot, E. (2004). Community-based rehabilitation: A rapidly growing method for supporting people with

disabilities. International Social Work, 47(4), 455-468. doi: 10.1177/0020872804046253• Lysack, C., & Kaufert, J. (1994). Comparing the origins and ideologies of the independent living movement and

community based rehabilitation. International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift für Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de réadaptation, 17(3), 231-240. doi: 10.1097/00004356-199409000-00004

• Malafatopoulos, S. (1986). Rehabilitation in the Third World. Paper presented at the UCP International Conference on The Changing Rehabilitation World, New York.

• Marincek, C. (1988). Community-based rehabilitation-the challenge and opportunity. Disability & Rehabilitation, 10(2), 87-88.

• Sukamto, S. (2013). Rumusan Hasil FGD tentang Advokasi Mainstreaming Hak-Hak Difabel di 7 Kabupaten/Kota di Solo Raya dan Grobogan. Surakarta: PPRBM Solo.

• WHO, UNESCO, ILO, & IDDC. (2010). Community Based Rehabilitation: CBR Guidelines. Geneva: world Health Organization (WHO).

Thank you