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Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities Center
Air Pollution & Climate Change
Sophie PunteExecutive Director
CAI-Asia Center
International School Manila20 January 2010
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What is sustainability?
Looking at the world through 3 glasses
2
Economy(money &
work)
Social(people)
Environment(nature & our
planet)
Climate Change and Air Pollution
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What is climate change?
3
CO2 CH4 N2O HFCs PFCs SF6
cattle
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What is climate change?
4
Before After
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What is climate change?
5
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How does climate change affect us?
6
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How does climate change affect us?
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Droughts and FloodsMany animals and plants disappear
Melting ice & rising sea levels
Less food
More tropical diseases (dengue, malaria)
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Was Ondoy the result of climate change?
8
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
… back to sustainability
Is climate change an environmental, social or economic issue?
9
Economy(money &
work)
Social(people)
Environment(nature & our
planet)
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What is air pollution?
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http://media.canada.com/b17a5268-e809-4db2-a84b-06fc4c00d03e/m1x00198_9.jpg
COCarbon monoxide
O3Ozone
SO2Sulfur dioxide
NOxNitrogen oxides
VOCsVolatile organic compounds
PbLead Air toxicsPM
Particulate matter
Is there a link with climate
change?
CH4MethaneCH4
Methane
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Where does air pollution come from?
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Industry
Power plants
Vehicles Open burning
Volcanoes
Construction
Forest firesCooking
Is there a link with climate
change?
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Where does air pollution go?
12 www.pittrxman.com/chinasea_sea_2004296.jpg
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Dust traveling from China to US (1998)
13
http://capita.wustl.edu/asia-fareast/
Manila
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Dust traveling from China to US (1998)
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Manila
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How does air pollution affect you?
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http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/general/images/airpollution.png
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How does air pollution affect you?
• Sore eyes • Snotty nose • Coughing • Hard to breathe
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www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How does air pollution affect you?
Particulate matter or dust
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www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Who suffers most from air pollution?
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www.ec.gc.ca/
Young children
Elderly
People working outside
Sporting people
Poor people
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What other problems does air pollution cause?
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Corrosion of buildings
Food production& tree growth
Tourism
Health costs & lost work days
Is there a link with climate
change?
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center20
Which car it hotter to touch in the sun?
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Air pollution can make climate change happen faster
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Which glacier melts faster in the sun?
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Air pollution can make climate change worse
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Which city is hotter?
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… back to sustainability
Is air pollution an environmental, social or economic issue?
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Economy(money &
work)
Social(people)
Environment(nature & our
planet)
Health costs
Growing of trees
People getting sick
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How is air pollution measured?
24
http://www.environmental-expert.com/files/19861/images/recordum26.jpghttp://www.ssp-europe.com/chroma_1j.jpghttp://www.lisburncity.gov.uk/filestore/images/IMG_0465.JPGhttp://gtresearchnews.gatech.edu/images/mobileairu.jpg
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How is air pollution measured?
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http://www.knmi.nl/goa
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
How do we know if the air is polluted?
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Air Pollution Index:Translates pollution levels (ozone, particulates, nitrogen oxide, sulphur dioxide) into a code you and I can understand
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What can we do? Protect yourself
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Wear a mask
Use an air filter at home
Keep windows closed at night
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What can we do? Reduce air pollution
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Vehicle emission testing and repair
Cycle to work
Walk to work Take public transport
Use cleaner
fuels
Drive a smaller car
Is there a link with climate
change?
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What can we do? Role of government
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Make cities green Make new laws
Make bikeways, walkways, and public transport -- not only roads
Give fines to smoke belchers
Promote cleaner fuels and vehicles
Is there a link with climate
change?
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
What about Manila?
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www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center31
www.observatory.ph/uaq.php
Fine dust in Manila 2003
Dispersion Model
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Air Pollution in Manila
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0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005
Total Suspended Particulates Trends (µg/m3)
Manila Average of 48 Asian Cities WHO TSP Standard
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Total Suspended Particulate Levels in Selected Asian Cities (µg/m3)
1997 2005
WHO TSP Guideline 60 µg/m3
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Manila on a very bad air day
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www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
But air pollution is reducing
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Aggregated Annual Ambient AQ Trends, g/m3 (1993 to 2007)Source: CAI-Asia, 2008
www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Manila on a good air day
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www.cleanairnet.org/caiasiaCAI-Asia Center
Thank you!
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Photo by Lee Schipper
