OpenstackA quick introduction

November 2013

Index

● Cloud terminology● Openstack history● Core Components● Related projects● Distributions● Competitors

Cloud terminology

What is Openstack

● Open-source project for IaaS (private or private)

● Massive scale● Horizontally scalable services● Illusion of infinite resources● Rapid provisioning / tear down of resources● Modular services with well defined APIs

Openstack releases

Openstack popularity

The Foundation

Core projects

● Dashboard (Horizon)● Compute (Nova)● Networking (Neutron)● Block Storage (Cinder)● Image Service (Glance)● Object Storage (Swift)● Identity (Keystone)

● Metering/Monitoring (Ceilometer)● Orchestration (Heat)● Database Service (Trove)● Bare metal (Ironic)● Queue service (Marconi)● Data processing (Savanna)● Common Libraries (Oslo)

Horizon - Dashboard

● Self-service web UI for creating and managing instances (written in Django)

Nova - Compute node

● Schedules virtual machines to run on a set of nodes

● Similar in concept to Amazon EC2● Multiple hypervisor support: KVM, Xen, LXC,

VMware ● Multiple storage backends: iSCSI, NetApp,

Nexenta, XenSM, SAN ● Native OpenStack API + EC2 API Support

Neutron - Networking

● Previously called Quantum● Provides networking as a service● Plugin architecture to allow integration with

hardware based networking solutions● Allows Software Defined Networks (SDN) ● Both L2 and L3 features

○ VPNaaS○ LBaaS○ FWaaS○ QoS○ vNICs

Cinder - Block storage

● Provides block storage for runtime of instances

● Enables ability to do live migration of instances

● Similar to Amazon EBS● Snapshot support● Backups to Swift as well

Glance - Image service

● Mechanism for storing and retrieving disk images

● Backends: Swift, S3, filesystem● Image Types: raw, qcow2, vmdk, vhd, iso,

ami/aki, ovf ● Public or private images & image sharing● Allows every tenant its own image catalog● E.g: API to request latest version of a OS

Swift - Object storage

● Read/write objects (files) via HTTP interface● Similar to Amazon S3 (supports S3 API) ● Data replication capability● Very scalable● Distributed, fault-tolerant, eventually

consistent● 3 components

○ Proxy server○ Storage server○ Consistency server

Keystone - Identity Services

● Common authentication / authorization framework based on tokens

● Manages users, tenants, roles● Pluggable backends: SQL, PAM, LDAP,

KVS● Support for oAuth, SAML, openID

Putting it all together

Integrated projects

● Dashboard (Horizon)● Compute (Nova)● Networking (Neutron)● Block Storage (Cinder)● Image Service (Glance)● Object Storage (Swift)● Identity (Keystone)

● Metering/Monitoring (Ceilometer)● Orchestration (Heat)● Database Service (Trove)● Bare metal (Ironic)● Queue service (Marconi)● Data processing (Savanna)● Common Libraries (Oslo)

Ceilometer

● Infrastructure to collect measurements● Focused on monitoring and metering● Original goal: billing● Integrated reports in Horizon

Heat

● Orchestration engine to launch composite cloud applications using text-based templates

● Similar to Amazon Cloudformation● Templates integrate well with Puppet, Chef● Integrated autoscaling using ceilometer● Called ‘stacks’ in Horizon● Example: wordpress + mysql

Trove

● Database as a Service (like Amazon RDS)● Scalable and reliable implementations● Can handle both relational (RDBMS) and

non-relational (NoSQL)● Not limited to MySQL, it can potentially deal

with many different backends

Ironic

● Baremetal provisioning (forked from previous Nova driver)

● No virtualization: for performance purposes● Manages PXE, IPMI, hardware RAID● Still under heavy development

Marconi

● Message queueing service, like SQS/SNS, but with the same API

● Use Cases○ Distribute tasks among multiple workers○ Forward events to data collectors○ Publish events to any number of subscribers ○ Send commands to one or more agents ○ Request action or get information from agent

Savanna

● A simple way to build a Hadoop cluster in Openstack

● Similiar to Amazon ElasticMapReduce● Lets create a cluster of a given version, size,

topology. and modify/scale it dynamically● Can leverage unused capacity from a

Openstack private cloud● Managed via the same GUI (Horizon)● Can use Swift to store results

Oslo

● Project for all the common shared libraries● Under the hood project (no features here)● It is also the project for generalist code

reviewers or specialist API maintainers● Still in progress: continually adopting code

from other projects

Modular by design

Related projects

● Manila - shared filesystem as a service● Designate - DNSaaS● Barbican / Cloudkeep - secret key

management (aaS) ● TripleO - Openstack on Openstack● Development tools:

○ Tempest○ Gerrit○ Jenkins○ etc..

Packaging / Distributions

Devstack (github)Stackforge (Puppet)Packstack (RedHat)RDO (Fedora-Redhat)UbuntuSuseFuel (Mirantis)Stackops 360

Competitors

● Private IaaS:○ Cloudstack○ Eucalyptus○ Opennebula○ vCloud○ Xen Cloud

● More info => http://www.qyjohn.net/?p=3373

Thank You

Marcos Garciamarcos.garcia@enovance.com

NEXT

Demonstration of

Devstack

and

Packstack