Process of air exchange

Oxygen is obtained and carbon dioxide is eliminated

Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli

This is the respiration in which glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release carbon dioxide, water and energy. It takes place in most organisms.

GLUCOSE + OXYGEN CARBON-DI-OXIDE + WATER

This is the respiration in which glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release alcohol, carbon dioxide and energy. It takes place in yeast.

GLUCOSE + OXYGEN ETHANOL + CARBON-DI-OXIDE

In anaerobic respiration in our muscle cells glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen to release lactic acid and energy.

STRUCTURE FUNCTION

nose / nasal cavity warms, moistens, & filters air as it is inhaled

pharynx (throat) passageway for air, leads to trachea

larynx the voice box, where vocal chords are located

trachea (windpipe)

keeps the windpipe "open"

trachea is lined with fine hairs called cilia which filter

air before it reaches the lungs

bronchitwo branches at the end of the trachea, each lead to a

lung

bronchiolesa network of smaller branches leading from the bronchi

into the lung tissue & ultimately to air sacs

alveolithe functional respiratory units in the lung where gases

are exchanged

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi

Series of tubes that function as airway passages

Filter, warm and humidify incoming air

Passageway for respiration

Receptors for smell

Filters incoming air to filter larger foreign material

Moistens and warms incoming air

Resonating chambers for voice

Functions:

Larynx: maintains an open airway, routes food and air appropriately, assists in sound production

Trachea: transports air to and from lungs

Bronchi: branch into lungs

Lungs: transport air to alveoli for gas exchange

Definition:

The bronchi are small air passages, composed of hyaline cartilage, that extend from the trachea to the bronchioles. There are two bronchi in the human body that branch off from the trachea. The bronchi are lined with mucous membranes that secrete mucus and cilia that sweep the mucus and particles up and out of the airways.

Have a very thin membrane that allows rapid diffusion of oxygen and

carbon dioxide between capillary blood and alveolar air spaces.

Lined with surfactant to prevent alveolar collapse.

You should take care of your Respiratory System because if you don’t

you won’t be able to breathe. Using drugs can keep your brain from

telling your lungs to breathe. Smoking can make your lungs turn black

and not work well. Breathing clean air is healthiest for you. Exercise

keeps your lungs strong.

Did You Know That...

Your right lung has three lobes and your left lung only has two?

The right lung is a little larger than the left lung?

A person sleeping almost always breathes twelve or fifteen times a

minute?

Cockroach breathes through small openings in their body called spiracles. The spiracles are connected to air tubes called trachea. Oxygen rich air enters through the spiracles and passes through the trachea to all cells in the body. Carbon dioxide from the cells passes through the trachea and spiracles out of the body.

Earthworms breathe through their moist skin.

The moist skin helps in the exchange of gases.

Fishes breathe through gills.

The gills have blood vessels which help in the exchange of gases.

Did You Know That...

The exhaling rate is faster in kids than in adults?

The trachea is made out of cartilage shaped rings?

The fastest recorded “ sneeze speed” is 165 km per hour?

It is healthier to breathe through your nose than your mouth, because

your nose hairs and mucus clean the air.

At rest, we breathe 15 to 20 times a minute and exchange nearly 17 fluid ounces (about 500 milliliters) of air with each complete breath in and out.

Approximately 5 fluid ounces (about 150 milliliters) of the air we breathe in with each breath fills the passageways of the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.

We breathe over 5,000 times a day, taking in enough air throughout a lifetime to fill 10 million balloons.

The average set of human lungs has approximately 600 million alveoli

(300 million per lung), creating a respiratory surface about the size of a

singles tennis court or a square about 27 to 28 feet long on each side.

At birth, an infant’s lung is estimated to have approximately 20 to 30

million alveoli and 1,500 miles of airway passages.

The right lung is slightly larger than the left.

The capillaries in the lungs would extend 1,600 meters, or about one

mile, if placed end to end.