Respiratory SystemCardiovascular System

The Respiratory System

Main Parts of the Respiratory SystemNOSE – primary passageway

into and out of the respiratory system (warms, moistens & filters air)

PHARYNX – throat; branches into two tubes-the larynx for air and the esophagus for food (digestive system)

LARYNX – voicebox; contains the vocal cords

Main Parts of the Respiratory SystemTRACHEA – windpipe; large

tube that leads from the larynx to the lungs

BRONCHI – 2 tubes-one bronchus goes to each lung; branches into bronchioles

LUNGS – large spongelike organs that take oxygen from the air and deliver it to the blood

Inside the LungsEach bronchus

branches into thousands of tiny tubes called bronchioles

Each bronchiole branches to form thousands of tiny sacs called alveoli

The alveoli is where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged

BreathingLungs DO NOT

contain the muscles for breathing

Diaphragm contracts and moves down-increases the chest cavity’s volume

Rib muscles contract and lift your rib cage, causing it to expand

Air is sucked in

The Cardiovascular System

The HeartMuscular organ about

the size of your firstLeft side and right side

separated by a thick wall

Heart has 4 chambersAtrium—upper chamber

—one per sideVentricle—lower

chamber—one per sideValves—flaplike

structures (lub-dub)

Path of Blood Through the Heart

1. right atrium receives oxygen-poor blood from the body

2. right atrium contracts and squeezes blood into the right ventricle

3. right ventricle contracts and pushes blood out to the lungs

Path of Blood Through the Heart

4. left atrium receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs

5. left atrium contracts and squeezes blood into the left ventricle

6. left ventricle contracts and pushes blood out to the body

Blood VesselsArteries—direct blood away from the heart

Capillaries—smallest blood vessels in the body

Veins—direct blood back to the heart

Blood Pressure—force exerted by blood on the inside walls of a blood vessel

Flow of Blood Through the BodyPulmonary

circulation—circulation of blood between your heart and lungs

Systemic circulation—circulation of blood between the heart and the rest of the body