1. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM BY SARAH PAUL ARPITHA BABU THYKATIL JANVI AMARDEEP JOSEPH

2. The Respiratory System Basic functions of the respiratory system Supplies body with oxygen Disposes of carbon dioxide Four processes involved respiration Pulmonary ventilation External respiration Transport of respiratory gases Internal respirationCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3. Functional Anatomy of the Respiratory System Respiratory organs Nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses Pharynx, larynx, and trachea Bronchi and smaller branches Lungs and alveoliCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

4. Organs of the Respiratory SystemCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.1

5. The Nose Provides an airway for respiration Moistens and warms air Filters inhaled air Resonating chamber for speech Houses olfactory receptorsCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

6. The Larynx Three functions Voice production Provides an open airway Routes air and food into the proper channels Superior opening is Closed during swallowing Open during breathingCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

7. The Trachea Descends into the mediastinum C-shaped cartilage rings keep airway open Carina Marks where trachea divides into two primary bronchi Epithelium Pseudostratified ciliated columnarCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

8. The TracheaCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.7a, b

9. Bronchi Bronchial tree Extensively branching respiratory passageways Primary bronchi (main bronchi) Largest bronchi Right main bronchi Wider and shorter than the leftCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

10. BronchiCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.8a

11. Structures of the Respiratory ZoneCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.9a

12. Structures of the Respiratory ZoneCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.9b

13. Anatomy of Alveoli and the Respiratory MembraneCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.10b

14. Location of Lungs in Thoracic CavityCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.12a, b

15. Bronchopulmonary SegmentsCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 21.15 (2 of 2)

16. Blood Supply and Innervation of the Lungs Pulmonary arteries Deliver oxygen-poor blood to the lungs Pulmonary veins Carry oxygenated blood to the heart Innervation Sympathetic, parasympathetic, and visceral sensory fibers Parasympathetic constrict airways Sympathetic dilate airwaysCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

17. Disorders of Respiratory Structures Cystic fibrosis (CF) inherited disease Exocrine gland function is disrupted Respiratory system affected by Oversecretion of viscous mucus Epistaxis nosebleed Epiglottitis inflammation and swelling of the epiglottisCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

18. Aging of the Respiratory System Number of glands in the nasal mucosa declines Nose dries Produces thickened mucus Thoracic wall becomes more rigid Lungs lose elasticity Oxygen levels in the blood may fallCopyright 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings