Development Of Hospitals.

Out lines

Definition of Hospital by W.H.O.History Of Hospital Development.Factors Responsible For Development Of Hospitals. Classification of Hospitals.Function Of Hospitals.Factor Affecting Distribution Of Beds.Factors Influencing Hospital Utilization.Administration.Role of Administrator.Management.Scaler Principle.Person reporting directly to Administrator.

Definition of Hospital by W.H.O

“The hospital is an integral part of sociol and madical organization,the function of which is to provide for the population,complete health care,both curative and preventive,and,whose out patient services reach out tothe family and its homeenvironment;the hospital is also center for the traning of health workers and for social research”

History Of Hospital Development

The word hospital is an Italian word. DERIVED from Hospitility meaning to be guest. It is represented by Staff and Serpent. Staff Patient. Serpent Caring off. In U.S first modern hospital was the

Pennsylvania Hospital, founded in Philaelphia in 1751.

IN 1800’s other large facilities were built,such as Massachuse General Hospital.

MAYO Hospital is the oldest hospital in Lahore.

Factors Responsible For Development Of Hospitals

1. Advance in Medical Sciences.2. Development Of Technological

Sophistication and Specialization.3. Development of Profestional Nursing.4. Advance in Medical Education.5. Contribution by Industrialist.6. Support by Health Insurance.7. Role of Government.

Classification of Hospitals

1. According to type of services provided.2. According to number of beds.3. According to ownership.4. According to duration of stay.

Classification of Hospitals

1 ; According to Type Of Services Provided General Hospital Special Hospital General Hospital ; In all typa of

services are provided to both adult and childern under the same roof. E.g, S.Z.H

Special Hospital ; this hopiyal deal with specific catogary e.g Eye Hospital, Childern Hospital, Punjab Cardiology Hospital.

Classification of Hospitals

2 ; According to number of beds Regional Teaching Hospital > 600 beds. District Hospital 100 to 600 beds. Rural Hospital 20 to 100 beds.

Classification of Hospitals

3 ; According to ownership.i. Public hospital.ii. Private hospital. Public hospital; these hospitals are owend

by government or autonomous bodies. Private hospital; Owend by private or

entrepreneur, it can be futher classify Commercial. Non profit.

Classification of Hospitals

4 ; According to duration of stay. stay > 30 days e.g, orthopedic hospital. stay < 30 days e.g, Eye hospital.

Function Of Hospitals1. curative care2. Premitive and promotive care.3. Domilillary care.4. Traning.5. Research.6. Health Education.7. Accident & Emergency services.8. Disaster Management.9. Physiotherapy.10. Laboratory Services. 11. Medical Record Kepping.

Factor Affecting Distribution Of Beds

1. Type of hospital.2. Availability of resourses.3. Prevalence/ incidence of disease.4. Accident and injury.5. Male and Female ratio.6. Level of experties.7. Intensive care problems.8. Financial resources.9. Statical figures, average length of stay. turn over period. bed occupency. throughput.

Factors Influencing Hospital Utilization

1. Availability of beds.2. Method of payment of hospital services.3. Age of population.4. Bed distribution.5. Availability of extramural medical services.6. Hospital bottel neck.7. Medical custom and social pattern.8. Supply of physician.9. Research and traning.10. Morbidity.11. Internal organization.

Administration

Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Coordinating, Reporting, Budgeting.

Classified Catogeries of Administration repration of hospital legislaton, planning of hospital

system as a whole, determination of internal policy and regulation for the operation of hospital.

Application of hospital legislation and of social assistance provision by the Authrities responsible for management of hospital services whether they are local; public and private.

Daily running of the hospital by the administrative staff concerned with personnel,finnance accounts and technical services.

Role of Administrator

1. Planning for the future while managing the present.2. Ability to produce and accept new and cerative

ideas;being an agent of change.3. Willingless to take risk to get the new ideas accept

implemented.4. Ability to coordinate ,bringing about harmony and

collaboration;organizing,resources and controlling.5. Ability to analyze,synthesize and integrate diverse

information.6. Sence of equity,fairness and social justice.7. Knowledge,skills and experience.8. Ability to delegate,making effective use of own time

and that of others with him.

Role of Administrator (conti.)

9. Good personal motivation and ability to motivate and develop, the people working in the hospital.

10. Ability to review and evaluate,making adjustments as necessory.

Rolr Of AdministratorsAdministrator reports to the governing body,

such as Director of Health serveces.

Management

Management is the key process;the function of management is to enable our patient/doctor/nursese team to do their work as easily, as efficiently,as economicaly, as effectly and as possible so that they can develop and maintain a caring environment with in hospital.

Principles of hospital managementUnity to command.Span of control.Homogenous assingment.Delegation of authority. Function of managementPlanning.Organizing.Staffing.Leadind / Directing.Controlling.

Elements of management

1. Personal management.2. Step in recruitment.3. Attracting the application.

4. Personal management. “Function of caring for staff in the organization is known as Personal Management” Steps in Personal management. i) Human sesources planning. ii) Recruitment and selection.

2. Step in recruitment.

i) JOB Analysis.

-> job specification. -> job description.

3. Attracting the application.

by advertisement. evaluating application. Selection. Placement and development.

Financial Management

Budget; “Are formal financial statement of policies,plans

and goals that are designed to assure that actions are taken within boundaries laid down by top management”

Developmental budget; use for new process. Non-developmental budget; for salaries and daily expenditures

e.g, bills. Monitoring the Budget By Monthly statement. Excess statement. Accounting. Auditing.

MATERIAL MANAGEMENT

Hospital adminitrator ensure; “ The supply of Right Thing at the Right

Place, at Right Time and at Right Cost.” Time management is the most

important part,which is fundamental to job performance.

Scaler Principle

Director of hospital (administrator)

Deputy Director

Assistant Director

Senior Medical Officer

Resident Medical Officer

Person reporting directly to Administrator

Medical superintendent. Nursing superintendent.Associat Assistant Administrator.Principal School of Nursing.Coordinatory , community health program.