ANATOMY OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES

Surface Anatomy: SHOULDER AND AXILLA

Surface Anatomy: SCAPULAR REGION

BONY LANDMARKS AND MUSCLES OF SCAPULAR REGION

ANTERIOR SHOULDER WITH AXILLARY FOLD AND WALLS

AXILLARY NEUROVASCULAR BUNDLE AND LONG THORACIC N.

CLAVIPECTORAL TRIANGLE AND CEPHALIC VEIN

MEDIAL VIEW OF ARM WITH BRACHIAL A., MEDIAN AND ULNAR N.

CUBITAL FOSSA

CUBITAL FOSSA: BOUNDARIES AND CONTENTS

CUBITAL FOSSA

ANTERIOR DISTAL FOREARM AND WRIST

POSTERIOR FOREARM AND WRIST

LATERAL VIEW DISTAL FOREARM AND WRIST

CONTENTS OF THE ANATOMICAL SNUFFBOX

ANTERIOR VIEW OF HAND

DORSAL VIEW OF HAND

FLEXOR RETINACULUM AND RECURRENT BRANCH OF MEDIAN N.

SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP PALMAR ARCHES

BONES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITIES

SHOULDER GIRDLE

• CLAVICLE (COLLAR BONE)

– STERNAL END –articulates with sternum

– ACROMIAL END –articulates with acromion of the scapula

• SCAPULA

– 2 surfaces –VENTRAL SURFACE (SUBSCAPULAR FOSSA), DORSAL SURFACE divided by the SPINE into SUPRA- and INFRASPINATUS FOSSAE

CLAVICLE

STERNOCLAVICULAR JOINT

RIGHT ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT

PROXIMAL END, HUMERUS

GLENOHUMERAL JOINT

CAPSULE OF RIGHT GLENOHUMERAL JOINT

GLENOHUMERAL JOINT

ANTERIOR DISLOCATION, LEFT GLENOHUMERAL JOINT

HUMERUS

RADIUS

ANTERIOR VIEW OF PROXIMAL RADIUS

ULNA

COMPONENTS OF MOVEMENT IN THE ELBOW

RADIO-ULNAR JOINT

X-RAY OF THE ELBOW JOINT

X-RAY OF THE ELBOW JOINT: ANTERIOR VIEW

X-RAY OF THE ELBOW JOINT: LATERAL VIEW

MIDSHAFT FX OF HUMERUS : RADIAL N. INJURY

AP VIEW RADIUS AND ULNA

CARPAL BONES

• “PUT THE LAST STRAW TO THE CAMEL’S HEAD” – P = PISIFORM

– T = TRIQUETRIUM

– L = LUNATE

– S = SCAPHOID

– T = TRAPEZIUM

– T = TRAPEZOID

– C = CAPITATE

– H= HAMATE

AP X-RAY HAND AND WRIST

X-RAY WRIST

SCAPHOID FRACTURE

MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER

• DELTOID

• SUPRASPINATUS

• INFRASPINATUS

• TERES MINOR

• SUBSCAPULARIS

• TERES MAJOR

MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER

MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER

RIGHT POSTERIOR SCAPULAR REGION

ARTERIES AND NERVES, POST. SCAPULAR AREA

PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE

LATERAL WALL OF THE AXILLA

POSTERIOR WALL OF THE AXILLA

CONTENTS OF THE AXILLA: MUSCLES

CONTENTS OF THE AXILLA: AXILLARY A.

LYMPH NODES AND VESSELS OF THE AXILLA

BRANCHES OF THE AXILLARY A.

AXILLARY VEIN

TRANSVERSE SECTION THRU MID ARM

DISTAL END OF THE HUMERUS

MUSCLE COMPARTMENTS OF ARM AND FOREARM

INNERVATION OF THE UPPER LIMBS

BRACHIAL PLEXUS

BRACHIAL PLEXUS

BRANCHES OF THE ROOTS AND TRUNKS OF BRACHIAL PLEXUS

BRANCHES OF THE LATERAL AND MEDIAL CORDS

BRANCHES OF THE POSTERIOR CORD

DERMATOMES AND MYOTOMES

NERVES RELATED TO THE HUMERUS

MUSCLES OF THE ARM

• CORACOBRACHIALIS – flex, adduct arm –MC N.

• BICEPS LONG HEAD – flex arm, forearm –MC N.

• BICEPS SHORT HEAD –supinatesnhand –MC N.

• BRACHIALIS – flex forearm –MC., RAD., MED

• TRICEPS – LONG HEAD –extend, adduct arm-RADIAL N.

– LATERAL HEAD –extend forearm-RADIAL N.

– MEDIAL HEAD-extend forearm-RADIAL N.

BICEPS BRACHII AND BRACHIALIS M.

TRICEPS MUSCLE

MUSCULOCUTANEOUS, MEDIAN, ULNAR N.

RADIAL NERVE IN THE ARM

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM

• SUPERFICIAL GROUP

– PRONATOR TERES –pronates hand –MEDIAN N.

– FLEX. CARPI RADIALIS –flex forearm; flex, abduct hand-MEDIAN N.

– PALMARIS LONGUS-flex arm, forearm –MEDIAN N.

– FLEX. CARPI ULNARIS-flex forearm; flex, adducts hand-ULNAR N.

– FLEX. DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS; flex hand, forearm –MEDIAN N.

SUPERFICIAL LAYER FOREARM MUSCLES

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FOREARM

• DEEP GROUP

– FLEX. DIGIT. PROFUNDUS –flex all phalanges, hand –MEDIAN, ULNAR N.

– FLEX POLL. LONGUS –flex thumb; flex, adducts 1st metacarpal –ULNAR N.

– PRONATOR QUADRATUS –pronates hand –MEDIAN N.

DEEP LAYER FOREARM MUSCLES

MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FOREARM

• SUPERFICIAL GROUP – BRACHIORADIALIS –flex forearm –RADIAL N. – EXT. CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS –extend, abducts hand –

RADIAL – EXT. CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS –EXTEND, ABDUCTS

HAND –RADIAL – EXT. DIGIT. COMMUNIS –extends fingers, hand -

RADIAL – EXT. DIGIT. MINIMI –extends little finger –RADIAL – EXT. CARPI ULNARIS –extends, adducts hand –RADIAL – ANCONEUS –extends forearm -RADIAL

POST. COMPARTMENT SUPERFICIAL LAYER

MUSCLES OF THE POSTERIOR FOREARM

• DEEP GROUP – SUPINATOR –supinates hand –RADIAL N.

– ABDUCTOR POLL. LONGUS –abducts thumb, hand –RADIAL N.

– EXT.POLL. BREV. –extends last phalanx of thumb, abducts hand –RADIAL

– EXT. POLL. LONGUS –extends first phalanx of thumb, abducts hand –RADIAL

– EXT. INDICIS –extends and adducts index finger -RADIAL

DEEP LAYER, POST. COMPARTMENT

CONTENTS OF CUBITAL FOSSA

ARTERIES OF THE ANT. COMPARTMENT

PALMAR APONEUROSIS

ANATOMICAL SNUFFBOX

DORSAL INTEROSSEI (PALMAR VIEW)

ADDUCTOR POLLICIS

THENAR AND HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES

LUMBRICAL MUSCLES

ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE HAND

DEEP PALMAR ARCH

DORSAL VENOUS ARCH

ULNAR NERVE IN THE HAND

RADIAL NERVE IN THE HAND

BRACHIAL ARTERY AND BRANCHES

ARTERIAL ANASTOMOSIS AROUND THE SHOULDER

VEINS OF THE ARM

SUPERFICIAL VEINS