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UTMUNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FAULT DETECTION ON OVERHEAD TRANSMISSION LINE
USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION
ByMAKMUR SAINI
SUPERVISED BYPROF.IR.DR.ABDULLAH ASUHAIMI BIN MOHD ZIN
CO SUPERVISOR BYPROF.DR.MOHD WAZIR BIN MUSTAFA
Table Of Content
OBJECTIVES SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH The types of fault that will be simulatedOverview Short Circuit Fault Analysis Research MethodologyPRELIMINARY RESULTCONCLUSION
OBJECTIVES
1. To identify and simulate conventional type of disturbance on the overhead transmission line by using PSCAD / EMTDC software package
2. To develop mathematical model for various type of disturbance on overhead transmission line.
3. To develop a smart algorithm for fault detection using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH
1. Identification and simulation of various of disturbance on overhead transmission line by using PSCAD/EMTDC software. Version 4.2.0
2. Preparing suitable mathematical model for voltage and current signals of the above disturbances.
3. Development of the proposed smart algorithm by using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method in fault detection of overhead transmission line.
The types of fault that will be simulated
The single line to ground faultThe line to line fault The double line to ground fault Three phases of to ground fault The lighting Strike fault
Overview Short Circuit Fault Analysis
Transient short circuit on the transmission line can be simplified with certain assumptions based on the following stages:
The line is fed from a constant voltage sourceShort circuit takes place when the line is unloadedLine capacitance is negligible, and the line can be represented by a lumped RL series
Overview Short Circuit Fault Analysis
Figure Transmission Line Model and Waveform of Short circuit current
Overview Short Circuit Fault Analysis
dcactot iii
dcactot iii
)sin( wtIIact
LR
dc etII)(
)sin(
])sin())[sin()( tLR
tot ettII
Research Methodology
Fault detection is proposed by creating a simulation current and voltage signals at several fault conditions that obtained through simulation using PSCAD/ EMTDC.
The waveforms obtained in simulation PSCAD will be trained using ANN - PSO method with the Matlab program
Research Methodology
The results form the signal currents and voltages are similar when compared to results obtained from the pattern of training ANN-PSO
Expected result to generate a simulation model of fault detection and faults on overhead transmission line path by using ANN-PSO.
BLOK DIAGRAM OF THE RISET
Flowchart for Learning the ANN using PSO algorithm.
.ididid
idgdidididid
VXX
XPrcXPrcWxVV
)()( 2211
ALOGARITHMS FAULT DETECTION
ALOGARITHMS FAULT DETECTION
PROGRESS RESULT The study was conducted using of
PSCAD/EMTDC that generate current , voltage wave signal and Mathematical Model. Below are the 5 types of fault
The line to ground fault The line to line fault The line-line to ground fault The three phase to ground fault The lightning strike fault
PROGRESS RESULT
Voltage Waveform Signal Fault Line to Ground ( LG )
Current Waveform Signal Fault Line to Ground ( LG )
Model Mathematic Voltage and Current Signal Original Fault Line to Ground (LG)
kVtV xa )
1213cos(8.53)(1
kAetIt
LR
xa ])31sin()
31[sin(995.1
)(
)(1
kVtV xb )1215cos(4.145)(1
kVtV xc )6
11cos(9.133)(1
kAetIt
LR
xc ])43sin()
43[sin(558.0
)(
)(1
kAetIt
LR
xb ])31sin()
31[sin(345.0
)(
)(1
Voltage and Current, Sampling the Signal for N sample per cycle Fault Line to Ground (LG)
kV
NnV na )
1213
60cos(8.53)(1
kAeNnI N
n
na ])31sin()
31
60[sin(995.1
)60
(
)(1
kVNnV nb )
1215
60cos(4.145)(1
kVNnV nc )
611
60cos(9.133)(1
kAeNnI
tNn
nc ])43sin()
43
60[sin(558.0
)60
(
)(1
kAeNnI N
n
nb ])31sin()
31
60[sin(345.0
)60
(
)(1
LR
N = Sample per cycle of Datan = 1 ,2, ……….N-1
Voltage and Current Fourier Transform Of this Sequence , Fault Line to Ground (LG)
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
naka eVV
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
nbkb eVV
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
kckc eVV
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
kaka eII
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
nbkb eII
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
nckc eII
Voltage Waveform Signal Fault Line to Line Ground ( LLG )
Current Waveform Signal Fault Line to Line Ground (L LG )
Model Mathematic Voltage and Current Signal Original Fault Line to Line Ground (LLG)
kVtV xa )cos(8.53)(1
kAetIt
LR
xa ])61sin()
61[sin(076.2
)(
)(1
kVtV xb )65cos(4.138)(1
kVtV xc )21cos(2.48)(1
kAetIt
LR
xc ])43sin()
41[sin(534.1
)(
)(1
kAetIt
LR
xb ])32sin()
32[sin(496.0
)(
)(1
Voltage and Current, Sampling the Signal for N sample per cycle Fault Line-Line to Ground (LG)
kV
NnV na )
60cos(8.53)(1
kAeNnI N
n
na ])61sin()
61
60[sin(076.2
)60
(
)(1
kVNnV nb )
65
60cos(4.138)(1
kVNnV nc )
21
60cos(20.48)(1
kAeNnI
tNn
nc ])43sin()
43
60[sin(534.1
)60
(
)(1
kAeNnI N
n
nb ])32sin()
32
60[sin(496.0
)60
(
)(1
LR
N = Sample per cycle of Data
n = 0 ,1 ,2, ……….N-1
Voltage and Current Fourier Transform Of this Sequence , Fault Line to Line Ground (LLG)
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nrkj
naka eVV
k = 0 ,1 , ………….N-1
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
nbkb eVV
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
nckc eVV
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
naka eII
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
nbkb eII
1
0
)2(
)(1)(1
N
n
Nnkj
ncrc eII
Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) this Sequence Current (Ia) Fault Line to Ground (LG)
Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) this Sequence Current (Ib) Fault Line to Ground (LG)
Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) this Sequence Current (Ic) Fault Line to Ground (LG)
30
