The Growth of Islam

Ian Terzfor Mr. Haskvitz

History of Islam • The history of Islam centers around one person,

Muhammad.• As he grew, he became dissatisfied with polytheism and

came to believe in one God, Allah. • Muhammad's new faith was not widely accepted in his

hometown of Mecca. • The main body of Islam known as the Sunnis and other

numerous sects including the Shi'a and the Sufis. The Sunnis are the majority in Islam today.

• Therefore, he and his followers moved to Medina which means "City of the Prophet".

Spread of Islam• Mecca is where the Prophet Mohammad was and where he

began to spread the religion of Islam• Every year, people flocked to Mecca from all over the

European peninsulas. • Muhammad himself had

successfully established the new faith through conversion and conquest of those who stood against him.

• Muslims believe that Islam is the basic monotheistic faith proclaimed by prophets throughout history.

Life on the Peninsula• The Deserts of the Arabian peninsula cover thousands of

square miles.• There are long stretches of coastline along the Persian Gulf,

the Arabian Sea, and the Red Sea, with several major oases in the east.

• The Arabian Peninsula comprises the modern countries of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait.

• From 500 to 1000, the Arabian Peninsula is critical to the east-west trade and is in close contact with Byzantium and Ethiopia.

Life on the Peninsula

• Because of it’s desert climate, only a small amount of land is useful for agriculture.

• The region is very arid.• It receives little rain and is covered by deserts.• Farmland is found in the southern mountains and along the

coastline

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Nomads and Sedentary ways of life.

• For centuries, Arab herders called Bedouins have adapted their life’s to arid land.

• Bedouins are nomads because there is little farmland, nomad move from place to place instead of settling permanently.

• The path they followed affected factors as the landscape, they crossed without rainfall.

• One geographical factor is the location of the oasis.• Bedouins traveled within a specific area seeking water and

grazed land.

Nomads and Sedentary ways of life.

• They travel on camelsMedium sized caravans, with a about 4 families in a groupTravel from oasis to oasisBedouins are nomads because there is little farmland, Nomads move from place to place instead of settling permanently.

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Origin of Islam

• Muslims trace beginnings of their religion to Abraham.• To Muslims, Allah is the God worshiped by Christians and

Jews.• Muslims call both Christians and Jews “people of the

book”.• Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last prophet.• All three religions believe that there is hell, heaven and

final judgment day.• However, Muslims view Jesus Christ as a profit, not the

son of God.

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Origin of Islam

• The name of this religion, Islam, is derived from the Arabic word "salam," which is often interpreted as meaning "peace."

• The origin of Islam can be traced back to 7th century.• Islam is the youngest of the great world religions.• The prophet Muhammad (circa 570-632 A.D.) introduced

Islam in 610 A.D. after experiencing what he claimed to be an angelic visitation.

• Muhammad dictated the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam, which Muslims believe to be the perfect words of Allah.

•

Qur'an • The Qur'an is a Message from Allah to humanity. • After Mohammad's death his followers collected the Qur'an

into a written book in Arabic.• The Qur'an is the Muslim holy book.• All Muslims, Sunni or Shia use the same Qur’an

• The Qur'an is organized into separate chapters is called surahs

• After the death of Muhammad, the text of the Qur'an was written down in the caliphate of Abu Bakr.

Muslims Daily Life.• Relations among the members of an Islamic society are based

upon two fundamental principles: awareness of the strong bond of brotherhood and sisterhood.

• They need to pray at least 5 times a day, praying to Allah and worshiping him.

• They cant eat any meat except the meats that has prayed on life meat, chicken or and life being animal of a food from a animal.

Expansion of Islam Expansion of the Islamic state was understandable since

Muhammad himself hadsuccessfully established the new faith through conversion and conquest of those who stood against him.

• United by their faith in God and a commitment topolitical consolidation, the merchant elite of Arabia succeeded consolidating their power throughout the Arabian peninsula and began to launch some exploratory offensives north toward Syria.

• The Spread of Islam began shortly after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad in 632.

Expansion of Islam

• The Islamic state expanded very rapidly after the death of Muhammad through remarkable successes both at converting unbelievers to Islam and by military conquests of the Islamic community's opponents.

• During the reigns of the first four caliphs (632-661), Islam spread rapidly.

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