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Bachelor Thesis
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Controversies of the Current Energy Crisis with regards to Nuclear Energy; the Economics of
Nuclear Energy
Scientific Coordinator: Prof. Dr. ZAHARIA | Graduate: ILIUT Iulia-Valentina
Controversies of the Current Energy Crisis with regards to Nuclear Energy; the Economics of
Nuclear EnergyScientific Coordinator: Prof. Dr. ZAHARIA | Graduate: ILIUT Iulia-Valentina
Controversies of the Current Energy Crisis with regards to Nuclear Energy; the Economics of
Nuclear Energy
Scientific Coordinator: Prof. Dr. ZAHARIA Rodica
Graduate: ILIUT Iulia-Valentina
Agenda• Objectives of the research paper• Research Methods and Sources• The Global Energy Crisis – Future Energy Predictions• Predicting nuclear energy patterns• The Economics of Nuclear Energy• Safety versus implicit costs• The waste problem• Sweden – the beginning of the nuclear renaissance in Europe• Q&A
Objectives of the research paper“Tomorrow is today” – Martin Luther King
I Placement of nuclear energy in future energy patterns
II Weaknesses and strengths
III Contributions to the Balance of Payments
IV Determining its sustainability
IV The future of nuclear energy
Global Energy Crisis
Topic 1 Topic 4 Topic 6Topic 5Topic 2
The most strigent issue is fossil fuel consumption and resource exhaustion.
-Consumption patterns are predicting to grow in a faster pace
- Cooperation of major energy producing and major energy consuming states is vital
- There can be no guarantee that they will meet the level of demand projected for the next 20 – 25 years
Topic 3
Global Energy Crisis – Future Energy Predictions
Topic 1 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 6Topic 5Topic 2
Scenario A – Increases in Productivity and Wealth
Scenario B – The Moderate Scenario
Scenario C – Ambitious policy measures
Taking into account GDP (PPP), the history, technological change and the environment
Predicting nuclear energy patternsNuclear energy features
Topic 1 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 6Topic 5Topic 2
-lack of carbon emissions
-the relatively uniform availability of fuel resources worldwide
- a very high level of governmental involvement and public concern
- depending on uranium, not concentrated in a few places like fossil resources
The Economics of Nuclear Energy
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Money
Time
Design and construction
Production costs (O&M plus fuel)
Major refurbishment
Decomissioning
Illustrative life cycle cash flow for a nuclear power plant
-High capital investment costs
-Long planning horizons and operational life
-Low fuel and operating maintenance
- Major refurbishment and significant costs in waste disposal
- Internalized some costs that are mainly viewed as external for other sources of energy
Topic 1 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 6Topic 5Topic 2
Safety vs. Implicit Costs – the optimal solution
- competitive advantage in times of fluctuating fossil fuel prices
-competition is highly favorable -> higher energy production per unit and therefore higher efficiency
-vulnerability to short-term market conditions- strong policies and regulatory measures -> difficulties for the operator to increase profitability
-uncertainties associated with the costs of waste disposal and decommissioning
Breakdown of representative generation costs
Topic 1 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 6Topic 5Topic 2
The waste problem a burden for the competitive advantage
.Industrial wasteApprox. 1000 million cubic meters
Toxic industrial waste approx. 10 million cubic meters
Radioactive waste 50000 cubic mmeters
High activity radioactive waste 500 cubic meters
Waste generation comparison – yearly production of waste in the European Union
- disposal is via recycling as fuel, geological sequestration or via dilution.
- Burying concentrated wastes is problematic because of the uncontrollability of geological events or undetected vulnerabilities
- the public acceptance and research solution (Sweden)
- the nuclear reprocessing solution (France, Japan)
Topic 1 Topic 3 Topic 4 Topic 6Topic 5Topic 2
Sweden – the beginning of the nuclear renaissance in Europe
•the Swedish government announced plans to overturn a near 30-year ban on atomic plants•Climate change and energetic independence (in this case from Norway) have lead to new projects for nuclear energy•High technology and efforts in waste disposal technologies have lead to increase of public approval
Topic 2 Topic 4 Topic 5 Topic 7Topic 6Topic 3
Conclusions• The future of nuclear energy depends on technology
advances and a clear cost – safety delimitation• The imperative of greenhouse reductions and of
energetic stability have included nuclear energy between the most important alternative for the short- and midterm
• In the long term, however, its expansion will depend on technology advances and the energy pattern
Q&A
Thank you for your attention!!