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Animal Cell

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Organelles mean l itt le organs.  Basically this means that organelles have specif ic roles to play in how cells work just l ike organs help the body to function properly as a whole

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Cell Membrane & Cell Wall

The cell is separated from its surrounding enviornment by a membrane called cell membrane. It consists of two layers of Lipid (fat) molecules which enclose the cell contents. Protein pores in the membrane control the movement of larger molecules. Cell membrane is selectively permeable which means it allows selected molecules to pass through and not the others.

Plant cell have an additional layer called as the cell wall. Its mainly made up of cellulose- a complex carbohydrate which give these cells the shape and firmness.

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The most obvious organelle in any eukaryotic cell. Contains the DNA responsible for providing the cell with its unique

characteristics. The DNA is similar in every cell of the body, but depending on the

specific cell type, some genes may be turned on or off.

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QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

the jelly like matrix within which all the other cell organelles reside

the site where most cellular activities happen - cell expansion, growth and replication etc.

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Sausage shaped organelle the power centers of the cell Internal folds provide working surface for

respiration to provide energy to cell.

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the site of protein synthesis. are free floating in the cytoplasm or

attached to the endoplasmic reticulum

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is an interconnected network of tubules that provide surface for chemical reactions and passage for movement of materials around the cell.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

• Smooth endoplasmic reticulum – is so named because it appears smooth by electron

microscopy.

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum– appears "pebbled" by electron microscopy due to the

presence of numerous ribosomes on its surface.

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Flat disc shaped sacs

is a stack of membrane-bound vesicles that are important in packaging chemical for transport elsewhere in the cell.

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are found in photosynthetic cells absorb light and use it to combine water and

carbon dioxide to produce sugars – i.e. photosynthesis

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relatively large and easily identified in plant cells serve a range of functions including:

isolating harmful material containing food, water or waste material maintaining pressure within the cell

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contain enzymes necessary for intracellular digestion

are common in animal cells, but rare in plant cells.

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Food vacuoles and lysosomes in action

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Referencewww.tki.govt.nz

www.bioedonline.co.nz