Pharyngitis. Sputum. Plate- Strep. pyogenes on BA with bacitracin disc

• Describe –4m– Small dry round convex, pin point colonies– Clear zone of hemolysis (beta)– Bacitracin susceptible, growth prevented

• Antimicrobial –2m– Penicilin G– erythromycin

• 2 direct complications –2m– Otitis media– Sinusitis– Menigitis

• 2 indirect complications –2m– Rheumatic fever– Acute GN

UTI, Plate- MacConkey Escherechia coli

• Describe, organism, how to confirm –4m– Pink colonies- ferment lactose– IMViC reaction ++--, H2S -

• Why viable bacteria count –2m– Contamination and infection– Distal 1/3 urethra normal flora n feces

• Interpret result –2m– >10x5 infection.– Probable infection but require confirmation

• Source of organism –2m – GIT, normal flora

• 2 drugs –2m– Ampicilin– Cotrimoxazole

Lung problem, sputum, Ziehl Neelsen LM• Describe –3m

– Acid fast bacili, pink rod– Slightly curved– Mycolic acid in cell wall

• Organism –1m– Mycobacterium tuberculosis

• 3 antibiotics –3m– Isoniazid– Rifampicin– Pyrazinamide

• 3 other organs affected –3m– Kidney– Liver– Brain– Bones

• Medium for culture –1m– Lowenstein Jensen

Watery diarrhea, stool.Plate- Vibrio parahaemolyticus TCBS

• Describe– Blue green colonies (TCBS)

• Virulence factor– Enterotoxin– Invasion

• Source of infection– Contaminated seafood and water

• Treatment– Self-limiting– Water electrolyte replacement

• Name other microorganism that can cause same disease– Vibrio cholerae

Pneumonia, bronchial lavage. Plate- Stap. aureus

• Describe– Golden yellow (can be grey white) colonies on ordinary agar– Round convex moderate in size– Beta hemolysis, clear zone on BA

• Tests– Catalase +– Tube coagulase +– Mannitol fermentation +

• 2 virulence factors– Capsule– Exotoxin– Protein A at cell wall

• 3 complications– Pneumonia– Endocarditis– Septicemia– Septic arthritis

IVDU + tricuspid murmur, consolidation of lung. Yellow colonies on nutrient agar

• Specimen –2m– Sputum

• Describe, bacteria, confirmatory test –6m– Golden yellow colonies– Staphy. aureus– Catalase and coagulase test

• Drug –2m– Penicillin– Gentamicin– vancomycin

Stool, EM- rotavirus• Disease –2m

– Viral gastroenteritis

• Describe– Cubic symmetry– Outer capsid coat arranged like spokes of wheel

• 2 other virus –2m– Adenovirus– Coronavirus

• Age group patient –2m– Young children, 6-24 months

• 2 other diagnosis –2m– Serology ELISA– PCR

• Treatment and prevention –2m– Water electrolyte replacement– Live attenuated oral vaccine