Common Drafting Tools and Instruments

Mechanical Drawing Pencil and Technical Pen

Drafting Tools

Drawing Equipment

Proper Care of Materials, Tools and Equipment

1. PLACE SHEETS IN DRAWING PAPER IN ENVELOPES TO PROTECT THEM FROM DUST AND DIRT.

2. PROVIDE A PLACE TO HANG INDIVIDUALLY YOUR T- SQUARE TRIANGLES PROTRACTORS AND FRENCH CURVES AFTER USE.

3. PROVIDE A SEPARATE CONTAINERS FOR PENCILS, COMPASSES, DIVIDERS, RULING PENS AND TECHNICAL PENS

4. COVER THE DRAWING BENCH AFTER USING IT.5. KEEP THE DRAWING BOARD ON A FLAT SURFACE TO MAINTAIN ITS

SHAPE6. KEEP TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN THEIR PROPER PLACS AFTER USING

THEM.7. PROVIDE A COVER FOR EACH TOOL TO PROTECT ITS SURFACE8. KEEP YOUR DRAFTING TOOLS ALWAYS CLEAN AND FDRY. WIPE

TOOLS WITH A CLEAN DRY RAG BEFORE STORING.9. USE TOOLS ONLY FOR THE SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS10. KEEP AWAY SHARP TOOLS AND FROM THE REACH OF SMALL

CHILDREN.

Evolution of lettering styles

Origin and development of letters

Letterings can be traced back to prehistoric times during the stones age written Communications was non existent. Which may be in the form of sounds gestures and facial expressions, and ideas and pictures carved in stones.

The Egyptians developed picture writing known as HIEROGLYPHICS. These are the stages in the development of Egyptian writing.

• Thing picture -Word sound picture• Idea picture ideograph - Syllable sound picture - Letter sound

picture

• Phoenicians developed fixed symbols which known as the ALPHABET (Alpha and beta) consist of 22 letters representing consonant sounds

• The Greeks modified these and developed the vowel sounds. This was adopted by the Romans and developed in the late 17th Century.

PARTS OF A LETTER

Embroidery and Its Background• Embroidery is an ancient craft that reached the Philippines (Through ancient Chinese

and Indian connections) even before the arrival of the Spaniards. It is a method of decorating a cloth background by stitching thread onto it or affixing small metal beads to it.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

• As early as the Spanish educational reform of 1863, embroidery took the place of geography, history and agriculture in the women’s curriculum. It was taught as part of the curriculum for all schools. It was common sight for young girls in the elementary grades to be keenly at ease during their embroidery classes. They used Colando and Pina embroidery for advance lesson.

• In Orphanages, such as the ASILOS run by the Daughters of Charity, the girls became so dept at the art that if folks wanted ASILOS. The Asilo de Molo in ILOILO by the 1920s became noted for its delicate embroidered masterpieces, they instinctively went to these its delicate embroidered vestments with traditional symbols and embellishments, later they also did dainty designs on laymen’s clothing such as barong – tagalog and babies dresses.

Different Kinds of Embroidery Stitches

Embroidery During the American Period• The American public school system continued the tradition. The school of household

Industries opened in Manila in June 1912 was first established on CABILDO STREET in intramuros and later in Herran Sta. Ana to give academic training to certain women of each province as would make them fit to return to their homes upon graduation and start industrial centers.

• Largest Embroidery manufacturers – Philippine Embroidery Corporations , South Seas Trading , Philippines Hands Embroidery and Dressmaking, Malloy and Company Manufacturer, Shalom and Company And Blanca Nieve.

• Machine – Made Embroidery

• When Machine Made embroidery was introduced in the country in the 1930s the majority of the madistas or seamstresses, fashion designers and tailors still preferred to do embroidery by hand.

• CALADO EMBROIDERY – it is an intricate needlework that is why the threads to be drawn should be the same number within the designs.

Tools needed in making Calado embroidery • Needle • Blade• Embroidery scissors• Magnifying lens