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Architecture drawing Frank Lloyd Wright, the famous architect, called architecture as “the mother of art” "Without an architecture of our own, we have no soul of our own civilization”

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Architecture drawing

 Frank Lloyd Wright, the famous architect, called architecture as “the mother of art”

"Without an architecture of our own, we have no soul of our own civilization”

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What is architecture drawing?

• An architecture drawing  is a  technical drawing of a building to develop a designed idea into a proposal. 

• It  is essential  for any  construction project  that  falls within  the definition of architecture. 

• These drawings are used by architects, contractors, builders so they can understand and  imagine the structure of the building and to construct it. 

• It  is  also  used  to  explain  to  clients  the  merits  of  the  design. These drawings are being prepared as the work stage of project.

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Size and scale

• typically drawn in scales that are smaller than the real size• usually shown in the title block of the drawing• different  scales  used  in  different  parts  of  a  drawing  will  be 

indicated next to each drawing• largest paper size used  in modern architectural practice  is  ISO 

A0 (841mm x 1189mm) 

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Architect’s Scale

• a  specialized  ruler  designed  for  drafting  and measuring  of  architectural  drawingi.e. floor plans and orthographic projections

• traditionally made of wood but  nowadays made of plastic or aluminium

• features  multiple  units  of  length  and  proportional length increments

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The photo shows measuring diagonally with a ruler from a wall corner to a wall corner on a site plan.

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Perspective Drawing

Perspective drawing is a technique used to represent three-dimensional images on a two-dimensional picture plane. 

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Types of Perspective Drawing

• One-point perspective - where objects facing the viewer are orthogonal,  and  receding  lines  converge  to  a  single vanishing point.

• Two-point perspective  -   reduces  distortion  by  viewing objects at an angle, with all the horizontal lines receding to one of two vanishing points, both located on the horizon.

• Three-point perspective  - introduces  additional  realism  by making  the  verticals  recede  to  a  third  vanishing  point, which is above or below depending upon whether the view is seen from above or below.

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Example of perspective drawing

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Sketches & Diagrams

A sketch is a rapidly executed freehand drawing and it is not intended as a finished work. It is just basically a quick way of 

recording and developing an idea.

A diagram can be drawn freehand but most of the time, it deals with symbols (the appearance, structure, or workings of something) to 

develop the logic of the design. 

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What are the benefits of doing sketches & diagrams in architectural drawing?

• Both of sketch and diagram will be worked up into a more presentable form and used to communicate the principle of design.

• It helps  the design architects  to develop, explore and communicate  ideas and solution.

• Both are essential tools for thinking, problem solving and communication in the design disciplines.

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Example of the sketches & diagram : The gherkin

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Types of Architecturial Drawings

Presentation drawingsSurvey drawingsRecord drawingsWorking drawings

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Presentation Drawing

• Most basic drawing

• Usually hand-drawn

• To illustrate a design or to explain its functionality to a client

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RANDOM CHURCH

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Drawing of the Gherkin 

30 St Mary Axe

London

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Survey Drawing

• A drawing after the collection of data & specifications of a design

• On site data compiled onto paper

• To establish the dimensions for construction

• Measurements

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Record Drawings

• As-built - Revised set of drawings made after completion, includes all changes in specifications

• Historical – Records changes (reconstruction, demolition, etc.) over a period of time, for studies and reference

• Of personal use or a wider use/publications

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As-built Record Drawing

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Historical RecordsThe Parthenon

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Working Drawings

• A fully comprehensive drawing used in building construction

• Shows minute details (material layers, prefabrications, arrangement)

• Final set of drawing prior to construction

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Location DrawingInclude General arrangements, floor plans and elevation of a project

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Assembly DrawingShows how different parts/sections of buildings are put together

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Component DrawingIllustrates self-contained components (windows, doorways) for installation

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Drafting

Drafting is a universal graphic language that uses lines, symbols, dimensions and notes to describe a structure to be built. 

Types of DraftingManual Drafting

Computer-aided Design

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What is manual drafting and the tools?

Manual  drafting  is  where  all  the  drawings  were  manually  produced, either by architects or draughtsman. There are so much of effort to do in this way because lines and lettering on the drawings must be of a quality that reproduce clearly. The drawings must be properly drawn.

• Drawing board/draughting table • T-square and set squares• Protactor • Compasses • Pencil• Different types of drawing pens

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What is Computer-aided design and the benefits of using it?

Computer-aided design is a software to create drawings. Instead of drawing lines and lettering manually on the paper, CAD is being used most of the time today because it saves the time and it increases the accuracy of the whole drawing.

Benefits Explanation

Save time  • Repetition can be reduced because complex elements can be copied, duplicated and stored for re-use

More accurate • CAD encourage a proliferation of detail and it increase the expectation of accuracy

Able to create all kinds of drawings

• From working drawing to photorealistic perspective views• Can create a three-dimensional (3D) model• Can be viewed from any direction to find the most useful viewpoints

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Examples of computer-aided design & Autodesk 3ds Max

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References

Definitionhttp://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/construction/planning/10-most-famous-architects.htm 

Size & Scale

Standard Views used in architectural drawing

Perspective Drawing http://www.artyfactory.com/perspective_drawing/perspective_index.html 

Sketches & Diagram http://www.archinomy.com/case-studies/669/30-st-mary-axe-the-gherkin-london http://www.fosterandpartners.com/projects/swiss-re-headquarters-30-st-mary-axe/ 

Types of architectural Diagram http://www.archdaily.com/445413/the-gherkin-how-london-s-famous-tower-leveraged-risk-and-became-an-icon/ 

Drafting http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architectural_drawing#Drafting