German Housing Expos - Arch 204 Presentation 7

7/28/2019 German Housing Expos - Arch 204 Presentation 7

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GERMAN EXPERIMENTS:The Werkbund, The Bauhaus and Pre-War Mass Housing



DER DEUTSCHER WERKBUND(The German Work Federation), 1907-1938

A state-sponsored German association of architects, designersand industrialists, whose aim was to integrate traditional craftsand industrial mass-production techniques, and put Germany

on a competitive level with England and the United States.

B r u n o T a u t , “ G l a s s

P a v i l i o n ”



Peter Behrens, various AEG designs for household objects, early 1900s



Peter Behrens, “AEG Turbine Factory,” Berlin, 1908-9



Peter Behrens, “AEG Turbine Factory,” Berlin, 1908-9



Peter Behrens,“AEG Turbine Factory,” Berlin, 1908-9The corner buttresses create a feeling of mass, although they are thin membranes supported on a frame.



Peter Behrens,

“AEG Turbine Factory,” Berlin, 1908-9

detail of rocker at the foot of each column


http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/german-housing-expos-arch-204-presentation-7 8/70Walter Gropius, “Fagus Factory,” Alfeld an der Leine, 1911-12



Walter Gropius, “Fagus Factory,” Alfeld an der Leine, 1911-12



Walter Gropius,

“Fagus Factory,” Alfeld an der Leine, 1911-12



Walter Gropius,“Fagus Factory,” Alfeld an der Leine, 1911-12



Walter Gropius,

“Fagus Factory,” Alfeld an der Leine, 1911-12

Peter Behrens, “AEG Turbine Factory,”

Berlin, 1908-9



Walter Gropius and Adolph Meyer, “Model Factory for Werkbund Exhibition,” Cologne, 1914



Walter Gropius and Adolph Meyer, “Model Factory for Werkbund Exhibition,” Cologne, 1914



Walter Gropius and Adolph Meyer,

“Model Factory for Werkbund Exhibition,”

Cologne, 1914

office building

B r u n o T a u t ,

“ G l a s s P a v i l i o n ”



DAS STAATLICHES BAUHAUS(THE STATE BUILDING SCHOOL), 1919-1932

Weimar: 1919-1925; Dessau: 1925-1932



Weimar Bauhaus Students, 1919

The Bauhaus emerged as the union of:

1. The Academy of Fine Arts

2. Applied Arts School



Weimar Bauhaus

Educational Program,1919

history of art?

history of architecture?



Weimar Bauhaus, cabinet making workshop



Weimar Bauhaus, pottery workshop



Weimar Bauhaus, 1923 exhibition of products for sale



Weimar Bauhaus, metal workshop



Johannes Itten (color teacher at the Bauhaus) in clothing designed by himself



Abstract Rhythm study from the Itten Studio, 1921 Material study from the Itten Studio, 1921



Material study from the Itten Studio, 1921Movement study

from the Bauhaus Preliminary Course



Color & Form Studies from the Kandinsky seminar, 1921



Ludwig Hirschfeld-Mack, “Optical Color Mixer” (toy), early 1920s



Laszlo Moholy- Nagy, teacher at The Bauhaus



Laszlo Moholy-Nagy,

“Light and Space Modulator,”

(sculpture), 1930

Laszlo Moholy-Nagy,

“Berlin Radio Tower,”

(photograph), 1928Laszlo Moholy-Nagy,

“Jealousy,”

(photo-collage), 1928



Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, “Bauhaus Books”

book cover, 1924

Joost Schmidt,

“Bauhaus Exhibition Poster,” 1923



Josef Hartwig, “The Bauhaus Chess Set,” 1924



Wilhelm Wagenfeld,“Table Lamp, “1924 (made) Marianne Brandt, “Ashtray,” 1924

Walter Gropius, “Chair,” 1920



Walter Gropius, “The Bauhaus,” Dessau, 1926

typography by Herbert Bayer



Walter Gropius, “The Bauhaus,” Dessau, 1926



Walter Gropius,

“The Bauhaus,” Dessau, 1926



Walter Gropius, “The Bauhaus,” Dessau, 1926 – administration bridge



Walter Gropius,


workshop wing



Walter Gropius, “The Bauhaus,” Dessau, 1926view out of the workshops



Walter Gropius, “The Bauhaus,” Dessau, 1926cafeteria



Walter Gropius,


dormitory



Marcel Breuer, “Club Chair,” 1925

Walter Gropius, “Shelves,” 1926 Mies van der Rohe, “Chair,” 1926

Marcel Breuer, “Nesting Tables,” 1925



Hannes Meyer,

Director of The Dessau Bauhaus (1928-1930):

“Building is only organization: social

organization, technical organization, economic

organization, mental organization.”

Cartoon of Hannes Meyer by Adolf Hofmeister,

after his 1930 dismissal by the Mayor of Dessau:

“From Bauhaus to Moscow. Watch out architecture!”



Iwao Yamawaki (Bauhaus Student),

“Attack on the Bauhaus,” 1932



PUBLIC HOUSINGIN PRE-WORLD WAR II GERMANY



Ernst May, “Praunheim Siedlung,” Frankfurt, 1926-28

Siedlung = neighborhood or housing estate



Ernst May, “Praunheim Siedlung,” Frankfurt, 1927



Walter Gropius, “Törten Siedlung” Dessau, 1930




“The Assembly Line”








Ernst May, “Romerstadt Siedlung,” Frankfurt, 1930









Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, “The Frankfurt Kitchen”

in Ernst May’s “Romerstadt Siedlung,” Frankfurt, 1930



Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, “The Frankfurt Kitchen”

in Ernst May’s “Romerstadt Siedlung,” Frankfurt, 1930



Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky, Girls’ High School (Annex), Ankara, 1938



Bruno Taut and Martin Wagner, “Hufeisen Siedlung” (Horseshoe Estate), Berlin, 1925-1931









Bruno Taut and Martin Wagner, “Hufeisen Siedlung”

(Horseshoe Estate), Berlin, 1925-1931

Ebenezer Howard, “Garden City Concept,” 1898



Otto Bartning, Walter Gropius,Hans Scharoun, Hugo Häring,

and Fred Forbát,“Siemensstadt Siedlung,” Berlin, 1930



block by Otto Bartning

Otto Bartning, Walter Gropius, Hans Scharoun, Hugo Häring, and Fred Forbát,“Siemensstadt Siedlung,” Berlin, 1930

block by Hans Scharoun





“Weissenhof Siedlung,” Stuttgart, 1927

Built for the Deutscher Werkbund exhibition of 1927, it consisted of twenty-one buildings (60 dwellings),

designed by sixteen European, mostly German, architects: Peter Behrens, Victor Bourgeois, Richard Döcker,

Walter Gropius, Josef Frank, Ludwig Hilberseimer, Pierre Jeanneret, Le Corbusier, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe,

Jacobus Johannes Pieter Oud, Hans Poelzig, Adolf Rading, Hans Scharoun, Adolf Gustav Schneck, Mart Stam,

Bruno Taut, Max Taut.



“Weissenhof Siedlung,” Stuttgart, 1927

BLUE = preserved / restored; RED = destroyed



“Weissenhof Siedlung,”

Stuttgart, 1927



Le Corbusier, buildings for “Weissenhof Siedlung,” Stuttgart, 1927



Hans Scharoun, house for the “Weissenhof Siedlung,” Stuttgart, 1927



J.J.P. Oud, row housing for the “Weissenhof Siedlung,” Stuttgart, 1927



Documents

German Housing Expos - Arch 204 Presentation 7