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GeographyEgypt began on the banks of the ____ River. TheNile flows 4160 miles _______ to the __________Sea. It is the________ river in the world. Whenthe Nile floods, it deposits rich ______ thatfertilizes the soil. Unlike the Tigris and Euphrates,the Nile floods in ________________. Along theNile, there are a series of ________ called____________. Ancient Egypt was the regionnorth of the ___________________ up to andincluding the ________________.
Nile north Mediterranean
longestsilt
regular cyclesrapids
cataractsFirst CataractNile Delta
GeographyAncient Egypt was first divided into twogeographical regions: ________ Egypt inthe _________ near the ________________Sea and ________ Egypt ________ of the________ and southward to the _________
Lowernorth Mediterranean
Upper southDelta First Cataract
First Cataract
Old Kingdom Egypt Around___________, the legendary king _______united his kingdom in ______________ with LowerEgypt in the Delta. He established the new capitalat __________ which was near the midpoint of thetwo regions. The Kings that followed Menesestablished _____________ or families of rulers. Eventually they would use the title of ___________which means _____________ The Pharaohs wereconsidered to be __________ and were worshiped.This created a ___________ form of government inwhich religion and state were united.
3100 B.C. MenesUpper Egypt
Memphis
dynastiespharaoh
“great house.”god-kings
theocratic
The Pharaohs believed that they could rule in the _______ through their eternal spirit called the ___To house the ka and the ______________ whichthe ka still needed, the Egyptians built __________ which were _______ The Great Pyramids at _____were the largest of the pyramids. _________pyramid was the largest; it was ______ feet tall and_____ feet square. All of the pyramids at _______Were built during the _______ Kingdom.
afterlife ka.pharaoh’s body
pyramidstombs. Giza
Khufu’s481
756 GizaOld
Egyptian Culture
The Egyptians had a __________ religion. The following gods were their main gods: _____ was the _____ god. _______ was the___________________. ________ was thegod of ________, and _________ was godof the _______________.
polytheistic
Ra sun Isismother goddess Horus
light Osirisunderworld
The Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh neededhis body in the afterlife, so they invented theprocess of _________________- embalming anddrying the corpse to prevent _______. Ritualswere conducted for the afterlife. Religious ritesand rituals have been recorded in the __________________. Few copies of this bookexist since it was written on__________, a typeof river plant used as paper.
mummificationdecay
Book of the Deadpapyrus
Social Classes
Egypt had a ____________ social structure.• Highest: __________________• Upper: ________________________ ________________________• Middle: ________________________• Lower: ________________________
pyramidalRoyal familyGovernmental officials, priestsnobles & military commanders
Merchants and artisansFarmers & unskilled workers
Social Structure
• Women in Ancient Egypt had almost the ______ rights as most men. They could ______ property and sue for ________. They could also get ___________ or assistance from their ex-husband.
sameown divorce
alimony
Trade
Ancient Egyptians used the ________________. They traded_______,ivory, ________ and ______ to pay forbuilding temples and pyramids.They had a _________________ andtraded with the cultures from southernAfrica.
bartersystem gold
cattle grain
strong economy
Technology
Egyptian writing is known as ____________which means “sacred carvings.” Hieroglyphics are ___________ – picturesthat represent words. Hieroglyphics werewritten on _______ stone and _______walls as well as on ___________
hieroglyphics
pictograms
clay, tombpapyrus
Technology
The Egyptians also created the ____________________ based on Sirius or the _____________ Egyptians also developed__________ and treatments for_______________ and __________.Egyptians made advances in ____________and ___________
365-daycalendar DogStarsurgerybroken bones fevers
geometryastronomy
Middle Kingdom
After a period of chaos called the FirstIntermediate Period, __________________gainedpower and established a period of order called the______________. The Middle Kingdom pharaohsstrengthened _____ and improved ____________They also improved the __________ system and drained swamps to create more __________ in theDelta.
an Egyptian family
Middle Kingdomtrade transportation
irrigationarable land