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-St. Bartholomew’s C of E Primary St. Bartholomew’s C of E Primary
SchoolSchoolParents Guide to mathsParents Guide to maths
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Multiplication
Addition Subtraction
Division
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Select a stage!Select a stage!
⋆ Addition - Stage 1
⋆ Addition - Stage 2
⋆ Addition - Stage 3
⋆ Addition - Stage 4
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Select a stage!Select a stage!
⋆ Subtraction - Stage 1
⋆ Subtraction - Stage 2
⋆ Subtraction - Stage 3
⋆ Subtraction - Stage 4
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Select a stage!Select a stage!
⋆ Multiplication - Stage 1
⋆ Multiplication - Stage 2
⋆ Multiplication - Stage 3
⋆ Multiplication - Stage 4
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Select a stage!Select a stage!⋆ Division - Stage 1
⋆ Division - Stage 2
⋆ Division - Stage 3
⋆ Division - Stage 4
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++ Addition Addition ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
++ Stage 1: slide 1 TU + U
______________________________+124 25 26
24 + 3 =
+1
So 24 + 3 = 27
Put the largest number first
+1
Then count on in units
27
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stage.
See TU+ TU
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Begin by drawing a number line starting with the biggest number
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 1: slide 1 TU + TU
22 + 33 =
______________________________
Next
33
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++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 1: slide 2 TU + TU
22 + 33 =
______________________________
Next
33
+10 +10
43 53
Add 2 tens first
T
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++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 1- slide 3
22 + 33 =
______________________________33
+10 +10 +1 +1
43 555453
Then add 2 unitsU
So 22 + 33 is 55
55
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stage.
See HTU+ HTU
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++ Addition Addition ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
++ Stage 1: Slide 1 HTU+ HTU
______________________________+100347447 46
7
347 + 123 =
+20
So 347 + 123 = 470
Add in steps of 100 first then the tens.
+3
Then add away the tens. Then the units.
Place the largest number at the beginning of the line.
470
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++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 2: slide 1 TU + TU
36 + 43 =
(30+6) +(40+ 3)
Start by partitioning the tens and the units.
TU TU
30 + 40
6 + 3
Next
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36 + 43 =
(30+6) + (40+ 3)
30 + 40 = 70 6 + 3 = 9
Add the tens together and then the units.
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 2: slide 2 TU + TU
70 + 9 = 79
So 36 + 43 is 79
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stage.
See HTU+ HTU
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236 + 343 =
(200+ 30+6) + (300 + 40+ 3)
200 + 300 = 500
30 + 40 = 70 6 + 3 = 9
Add the hundreds together and then the tens and units.
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 2: Slide 1 HTU + HTU
500 + 70 + 9 = 579
So 236 + 343 is 579
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47 + 76 =
Next
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 3: slide 1 TU+ TU
Write the numbers so that the Tens and the Units are in line.
T U
47
+ 76
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47
+ 76
Start by adding the the units.
7 + 6 =
U
13
Next
Stage 3:slide 2 TU + TU
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
47 + 76 =
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47
+ 76
Next
Stage 3:slide 3 TU + TU
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
110
Then add the tens.
40 + 70 =
T
13
47 + 76 =
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110
47
+ 76
Stage 3: slide 4 TU + TU
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
13
123
Now add these together
110 + 13 = +
So 47 + 76 is 123
47 + 76 =
HTU + HTU
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++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++ Stage 3: slide 1 HTU + HTU
247 + 176 =
110
247
+ 176
13
423
Set out as before. Add the units and tens as before and record.
The extra step, add the hundreds together
200 + 100 = 300
Then add the numbers.
+300
So 247 + 176 is 423
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47 + 76 =
Next
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
Stage 4: slide 1 TU + TU
47
+ 76Write the numbers so that the Tens and the Units are in line.
T U
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47 + 36 =
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
Stage 4: slide 2 TU + TU
47
+ 36
Now add the units
7 + 6 = 13U
3 units go in the units column33 units go in the units column
1
Next
Exchange 10 units for 1 ten. This goes onto the door
step.
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47 + 36 =
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
Stage 4: slide 3 TU + TU
3 1
Now add the tens
40 + 30 = 70T
Remember there is one ten here to add too. 7 tens + 1 ten = 8 tens
You need to put the ten digit in the tens column
8
47
+ 36
So 47 + 36 is 83
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stage.
See HTU + HTU
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147 + 186 =
++ AdditionAddition ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ++
Stage 4: Slide 1 HTU + HTU
1
3
147
+ 186
So 147 + 186 is 333
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stage.
Carry any units over 9,
any tens over 90.
Remember to add the carry!
7 + 6 = 13 carry the ten
40 + 80 + 10 = 130 carry the hundred
100 + 100 + 100 = 300
1
33
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-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
-- Stage 1: slide 1 TU-U
______________________________-1 32
3130
32 - 3 =
-1
So 32-3 = 29
Remember to count back in 1’s
-1
Count back the correct amount of units e.g. 3 units = 3 jumps of 1 .
Place the largest number at the end of the line.
29
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stage.
See TU-TU
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-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 1:slide 1 TU - TU
______________________________ -10 473727
47 - 23 =
-10
So 47 – 23 = 24
Take away in steps of 10 first as this is easier. 23 = 2 tens.
-1-1-12625
24
Then take away in jumps of 1. 3 units equal 3 jumps.
Place the largest number at the end of the line.
24
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stage.
See HTU-HTU
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-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
-- Stage 1: slide 1 HTU-HTU
______________________________-100 347
247227
347 - 123 =
-20
So 347 – 123 = 224
Take away in steps of 100 first as this is easier. 123 = 1 jump of 100.
-3
Then take away the tens. Then the units.
Place the largest number at the end of the line.
224
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- - Subtraction ~ Watch and Learn!Subtraction ~ Watch and Learn!
-- Stage 2: slide 1 TU -TU
89 - 43 =
89 – 40 - 3
Start by partitioning the tens and the units.
TU TU
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89 – 43 =
89 – 40 - 3
89 - 40 = 49 49 – 3 = 46
Subtract the tens first. Then subtract the units from your first answer.
- - Subtraction ~ Watch and Learn!Subtraction ~ Watch and Learn! --
Stage 2: slide 2 TU -TU
So 89 - 43 is 46
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stage.
See HTU-HTU
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489 – 243 =
489 – 200 -40 - 3
489 - 200 = 289
249 – 3 = 246
Subtract the hundreds first. Then subtract the then tens from your first answer. Then the units
- - Subtraction ~ Watch and Learn!Subtraction ~ Watch and Learn!
-- Stage 2: slide 1 HTU - HTU
So 289 - 243 is 246
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289 – 40 = 249
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563 - 241 =
Next
-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 3 :slide 1
500 + 60 + 3
- 200 + 40 + 1Repeat with 241
Partition 563 into hundreds, tens and units.
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+ 20 +300
Next, subtract the tens
60 – 40 = 20
563 - 241 =
Next
-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 3: slide 2
500 + 60 + 3- 200 + 40 + 1
Start with the units
3 – 1 = 2
2
UH T
Next, subtract the hundreds
500 – 200 = 300
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-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 3: slide 3
Add the answers together
300 + 20 + 2 = 322- 200 + 20 + 2300
563 - 241 =
500 + 60 + 3- 200 + 40 + 1
220 = 322
So 563 - 241 = 322Select
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Next
-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 4: slide 1 Decomposition
137 - 85 =
Write the numbers so that they are in place value position.
137
- 85
H T U
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Next
-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 4: slide 2
137 - 85 = 1 3 7
- 8 5
Subtract the units first. 7 – 5 =
And write under the units.
2
The tens can’t be subtracted as 30 – 80 = - 50
Borrow 1 hundred from the hundred column.
01
Cross out the hundred and leave a 0 above. The 100 is put in the tens as a 1.
The tens column now has 130 in it and the hundred has 0.
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-- SubtractionSubtraction ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
--Stage 4: slide 3
So 137 - 85 = 52
Now solve 130 – 80 and write the answer.
There are 0 hundreds to subtract.
1 3 7
- 8 5
2
01
5
137 - 85 =
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xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage1:slide 1
= 4 x 5
= 10 x 5
14 x 5 =
Next
Partition the 14 into 2 parts, tens and units.
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xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 1: slide 2
So 14 x 5 = 70
4 x 5
10 x 5
14 x 5 =
= 50
= 20
Now add 50 + 20 and write the answer.
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Draw a box two across and one down because you are multiplying a 2 digit number by a 1 digit number.
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx Stage 2: slide 1 Grid Method
16 x 4 =
Next
10 6
4
Partition 16 into 1 ten and 6 units
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The answer to 10 x 4 goes here.
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx Stage 2: slide 2
16 x 4 = 10 6
4
The answer to 4 x 6 goes here.
x
40 24
Now add these answers together. 40 + 24 =
So 16 x 4 = 64
See TU x TU See HTU x U
Select a
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Partition 56 into 5 tens and 6 units
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx TU x TU slide 1
56 x 27 =
Next
20 7
6
50
Partition 27 into 2 tens and 7 units
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The answer to 50 x 20 goes here.
The answer to 6 x 20 goes here.
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx TU x TU slide 2
56 x 27 = 20 7
6
50
The answer to 50 x 7 goes here.
1000
350
The answer to 6 x 7 goes here
Next
x
120 42
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xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx TU x TU slide 3
56 x 27 = 20 7
6
50 Add these four numbers together.
1000 + 350 + 120 + 42 =
Children can use the addition methods to help them add.
1000
350
x
120 42
So 56 x 27 = 1512
See HTU x U
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xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx HTU x U slide 1
126 x 4 =
Next
100 20
4
Partition 126 into 1 hundred,
2 tens and 6 units
6
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xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx HTU x U slide 2126 x 4 =
Next
100 20
4
Partition 126 into 100,
20 and 6
6
400 80 24The answer to 4 x 100 goes here.
The answer to 20 x 4 goes here
The answer to 6 x 4 goes here.
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xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xx HTU x U slide 3126 x 4 =
100 20
4
6
400 80 24
Add 400 + 80 + 24
So 126 x 4 = 504
See TU x TU
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38 x 7 =
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 3: slide 1
38
x 7Set the sum out like this so that the numbers are in the correct columns.
T U
Next
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38 x 7 =
Next
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 3: slide 2
38
x 7
56
210
Multiply the tens by 7
7 x 30 = 210
Multiply the units by 7
7 x 8 = 56
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38 x 7 =
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 3:slide 3
38
x 7
56210266
Now add these two answers together. 56 + 210.
So 38 x 7 = 266
See TU x TU
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15 x 24 =
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxTU x TU slide 1
15
x 24Set the sum out like this so that the numbers are in the correct columns.
T U
Next
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15 x 24 =
Next
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxTU x TU slide 2
X 24
20
40
Multiply by the units
4 x 5 = 20 and
4 x 10 = 40
15
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15 x 24 =
Next
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxTU x TU slide 3
X 24
2040
Multiply by tens
20 x 5 = 100 and
20 x 10 = 200
15
100200
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15 x 24 =
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxTU x TU slide 4
Now add these numbers together.
So 15 x 24 = 360
X 24
2040
15
100200360
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38 x 7 =
Next
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 4: slide 1
38
x 7Set the sum out like this so that the numbers are in the correct columns.
T U
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38 x 7 =
Next
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 4: slide 2
38
x 7
Now multiply 7 x 8 = 56 and write the units and carry the tens onto the door step
65
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38 x 7 =
Next
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 4: slide 3
38
x 7
Now multiply 7 x 30= 210 and add the 5 tens to the 210 and which gives 260 write this, carrying the two hundreds onto the door step
65
62
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38 x 7 =
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxStage 4: slide 4
38
x 7
Now put the hundreds into the answer
65
62
2
So 38 x 7 = 266Select
a stage.
See TUxTU
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38 x 27 =
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxTU x TU – Zero the Hero
38
x 27
65
60
2
Set out as shown.
First multiply 7 x 8 = 56.
Carry the 5 tens and record the 6.
Then 7 x 3 = 21 plus the 5 = 26 (record)
Next place Zero the Hero into the units column.
Now 2 x 8 = 16
Carry the 1 and record the 6.
Now 2 x 3 = 6 and add to the 1 carry
Nb. Each number is considered as a unit in this calculation to make it easier.
eg. 30 is 3 and 20 is 2.
1
67
Next
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38 x 27 = 38
x 27
65
60
2
Nb. Each number is considered as a unit in this calculation to make it easier.
eg. 30 is 3 and 20 is 2.
1
67
xx MultiplicationMultiplication ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! xxTU x TU – Zero the Hero
Finally add 266 and 760.
6201
So 38 x 27 = 1026
11
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stage.
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Stage 1: slide 1 Repeated subtraction
24 ÷ 3 =
0
Jump back in 3s (the divider) until no more can be taken.
2418 21
÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Write the number to divide at the end of a number line.
1512963
-3
Now count the number of jumps. 8 jumps
So 24 ÷ 3 = 8
-3-3-3-3-3-3-3
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See remainders
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Stage 1: slide 2 Repeated subtraction25 ÷ 3 =
1
Jump back in 3s (the divider) until no more can be taken or you reach
2519 22
÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Write the number to divide at the end of a number line.
16131074
-3
Now count the number of jumps. 8 jumps. You are left with 1
So 24 ÷ 3 = 8 r 1
-3-3-3-3-3-3-3
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stage.
0 -1
See Partitioning
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÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
÷÷Stage1:slide 3
= 3 ÷ 3
= 60 ÷ 3
63 ÷ 3 =
Next
Partition the 63 into 2 parts, tens and units.
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Stage 1: slide 2
So 63 ÷ 3 = 21
3 ÷ 3
60 ÷ 3
63 ÷ 3 =
= 20
= 1
Now add 20 + 1 and write the answer.
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stage.
÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Learn!Watch and Learn!
÷÷
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63 ÷ 3 =
Next
÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷
3 63
Stage 2: slide 1- chunkingTwo ways to set out
or
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Children will look for chunks. First take chunks (multiples) of 10,then 5 and then single units until you have the divided number - 63
63 ÷ 3 =
÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷
3 6330 + 30 + 3 = 63 so we have taken all chunks possible.
Stage 2: slide 2
30 (3 x 10)
30 (3 x 10)
3 (3 x 1) Add the chunks.
10 + 10 + 1 = 21
So 63 ÷ 3 = 21
2121
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÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Stage 3: slide 1– Long division
Next
So 198 ÷ 6 = 33
6 198
Children will look for chunks. Try to use multiples of 10, 20, 30 etc to remove the largest possible multiple of 6.(6 x 30)- 180
Record the chunk in brackets and put the answer underneath the original number. Subtract the chunk from the divided number. Then look for more chunks.
18
- 18 (6 x 3)
0
Once all chunks have been taken and 0 or a remainder is left, show the answer at the top by adding the chunks. 30 + 3 = 33
33
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÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Stage 3: slide 2 With remaindersHTU ÷ TU
So 560 ÷ 24 = 23 r 8
24 560
Children will look for chunks. Try to use multiples of 10, 20, 30 etc to remove the largest possible multiple of 24.(24 x
20)- 480
Record the chunk in brackets and put the answer underneath the original number. Subtract the chunk from the divided number. Then look for more chunks.
80
- 72 (24 x 3)
8
Once all chunks have been taken and 0 or a remainder is left, show the answer at the top by adding the chunks. There is not enough to make another 24 so there is a remainder of 8.20 + 3 = 23 r 8
23 r 8
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÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Stage 4: slide 1 short division
3 8 1
Regard each digit on its own.Work from left to right.
•How many 3’s are in 8?
Mental Working
•2 with 2 remaining. •Record the 2 above the line. Then carry the remaining 2 over.
22
•Record the 2 next to the one making 21.
•How many 3’s in 21 = 7. Record above the 21.
7
So 81 ÷ 3 = 27
81 ÷ 3 =
Next
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÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Stage 4: slide 2 ~ With remainders
12 2 2 4 Regard each digit on its own.Work from left to right.
•How many 12s are in 2?
Mental Working
•0 with 2 remaining. •Record the 0 above the line. Then carry the remaining 2 over.
02
•Record the 2 next to the two making 22.
•How many 12s in 22 = 1 – Record above the 22.
1
So 224 ÷ 12 = 18 r8
224 ÷ 12 =10
8 r 8
•Carry the 10 and record how many 12s in 104.•Record the 8 and remember the 8 remaining.
Next
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÷÷ DivisionDivision ~~ Watch and Watch and
Learn!Learn! ÷÷Stage 4: slide 3 ~ With
decimals
4 2 5 0
•How many 4s are in 2?
Mental Working
•0 with 2 remaining.
•Record the 0 above the line. Then carry the remaining 2 over making 25.
02
•How many 4s in 25 = 6 with 1 remainder. Record above the 25.
6
So 250 ÷ 4 = 62.5
250 ÷ 4 =1
2
•Carry the 1 and record how many 4s in 10 = 2 with 2 remaining.•Now add a decimal point and carry the 2 making 20.
Select a
stage.
. 0
. 52
•How many 4s in 20 = 5. Record above
•Only record to a maximum of 2 decimal places.