Geography
• Relative Location
• Northeast Africa• Along the Nile River• South of the
Mediterranean Sea and east of the Red Sea
Geography
• Movement
• The Nile flows north from its source in Lake Victoria to its mouth in the Mediterranean Sea which forms a delta.
• Upper and Lower Egypt– (This is tricky!)
Rive
r flow
Advanced Cities
• Memphis – capital of United Egypt
• Thebes – center of artifacts– Temple of Luxor– Valley of Kings– Temple of Ramses
• Giza – Sphinx & Great Pyraminds
Specialized Workers
Slaves
Masons
Complex Institutions
• Pharaoh• Dynasty• Theocracy• polytheism• Egyptian gods
– Amun-Ra– Osiris
• pyramids• mummification
Record Keeping & Writing
• Pictogram• Hieroglyphics• Papyrus• Rosetta Stone
Advanced Technology
• Pyramid• Calendar• Forensics• Water clock• Sun dial• Bronze work• medicine
Old Kingdom• Upper and Lower Egypt united in 3200 BC
• Pharaoh- King of Egypt- seen as a God
• Pyramids- tombs for Pharaoh
• Mummification- embalming corpse to prevent decay
• Nile river floods and deposits a rich layer of silt
• During flood farmers worked on pyramids and other projects
Anubis- God of embalming and the Dead
Old Kingdom
• Old Kingdom- 2660-2180 BC• Sun rises on East side of River where cities are-
Life. Sets on West side where tombs are- Death• Egyptians Polytheistic- worship many Gods• How did the Egyptian view of the afterlife
compare to that of the Sumerians?• Compare/contrast the writing and document
storage systems of Egypt and Sumer.
Ra- God of Sun
Nut- Goddess of Sky
Amun-King of Gods
Delivering a Baby
Medical Instruments
Fractured forearm with splint
Great Pyramids at Giza
Great Sphinx
Middle Kingdom• Old Kingdom ends 2180 BC
• Middle Kingdom:
-dug a canal from Nile to Red Sea
-Built dykes on Nile to trap water
-Drained swamps in lower Egypt to create farmland
-Traded with Mesopotamia and Indus Valley
• Hyksos conquer Egypt and invite Jews
New Kingdom
• Hyksos defeated, New Kingdom begins, Jews enslaved
• Kush conquers Egypt 750 BC- from Ethiopia
• Egyptian rule ends with Greek conquest- 300s BC
Irrigation of a palm orchard by a shaduf
Irrigating and harvesting in a vegetable garden.
Bronze Medical Needle
Circular Medical Cautery
Hieroglyphic Alphabet
The Rosetta Stone
The Rosetta Stone
Numbers
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