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Winter Q 2009 Biol/Chem 472 Metabolism
• Instructor: Gerry Prody
• Office CB444
• Office hrs: TBA
• http://lightning.chem.wwu.edu/dept/facstaff/prody/prody-472.htm
What is Biochemistry?
• the systematic torture of students with copious incomprehensible jargon, cryptic fomulae, and impossible insoluble problems.
“Biochemistry is the study of Life as a process that can be understood.”
Primary Objective: understand the molecular mechanisms that constitute the living state (“Molecular Logic”)
Lehninger: “Molecular Logic”“A living cell is a self-assembling, self-regulating, self-replicating isothermal open system of organic molecules operating on a principle of maximum economy of parts and processes; it promotes many consecutive, linked organic reactions for the transfer of energy and for the synthesis of its own components by means of organic catalysts that it produces itself.”
Biol/Chem 471; Biol/Chem 472 ; Biol/Chem 473
Elemental composition of the earth’s surface, including crust, oceans and atmosphere.
Element Percent by mass
Oxygen 49.1Silicon 26.1Aluminum 7.5Iron 4.7Calcium 3.4Sodium 2.6Potassium 2.4Magnesium 1.9Hydrogen 0.88Titanium 0.58Chlorine 0.19Carbon 0.09All others 0.56
Table 1-3 Elemental Composition of the Human Body.
Pag
e 29
Biol/Chem 472 Expected Outcomes• draw enzymatic reactions correctly • correctly calculate Gº’ and G for a given
step or a series of steps in a pathway• rationalize and/or predict features of pathway
regulation and describe regulatory mechanisms• recognize how concentrations of metabolites
are regulated and the impact that changes in flux and/or concentration will have on other processes.
Stryer Fig. 12.30 Fluid Mosaic Model (Nicolson and Singer)
Figure 12-20
Figure 12-37
Figure 12-45 Secretory Pathway
Living cells are not at equilibrium!
Concentrations of reactants and products are typically far from the equilibrium values (Q Keq).
We must consider “steady state” concentrations of these species for the determination of G.
G = Go' + RTlnQ
Homeostaticconditions
Fig 16.2
See Figure 16.3
Catabolicpathways
Anabolicpathways
Figure 16.20
Figure 16.25
°
Table 16.3
°’
31P NMR ofhuman muscle:Before exercise
1 min of exercise
19 min of exercise 10 min after exercise
Pi
phosphocreatineATP
Oxidized cofactors Reduced cofactors
Reduced substrates Oxidized substrates+ +
Fig 17.3
Least oxidized Most oxidized
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e 56
7
Figure 16-21b Some overall coupled reactions involving ATP. (b) The phosphorylation of ADP by phosphoenolpyruvate to form ATP and pyruvate.
“Alfonse, Biochemistry makes my head hurt!!”\