Water MAnagement Experience in Golfo San Jorge BAsin. Argentina

Water Management Experience inMature Basin in South ArgentinaCase Study of San Jorge Gulf BasinAuthors:Clemente Marcelo HirschfeldtFernando Diego Bertomeu

Oil Production Consulting

Overviewo Argentina Introduction to the regional Contexto San Jorge Gul Basin (SJGB)o Water Management in SJGBo Water treatment and distributiono Water flooding projectso Water Management Costo Well integrity managemento Conclusions

ArgentinaIntroduction to the regional Context

Colombia

Ecuador

Venezuela

Bolivia

Argentina

Peru BrazilPeru

Chile

Paraguay

Uruguay

Guyanas

Argentina and regional context

World Oil November 2014

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0,50

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1,000,54 0,53 0,42

Millon

s of B

OPD

Argentina Production evolution

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-Millo

ns of

bpd

Water Oil

Water: 6.243.537 bpdWater: 6.243.537 bpd

Oil: 538.586 bpdOil: 538.586 bpd

Golfo San Jorge Basin (GSJB)107 years of history

Peru

Introduction to Golfo San Jorge Basin

Located in Patagonia Argentina First oil well was drilled in Comodoro

Rivadavia city in 1907 Located in Patagonia Argentina First oil well was drilled in Comodoro

Rivadavia city in 1907

28 MM acre

Introduction to Golfo San Jorge Basin

28,000 M acre

Active Wells: 13.637 (**)

Oil 256.180 bpd (*)Gas 0,51 BcfpdWater 3,05 Millons of bpdWater % 92,3 %

Water Injector wells: 2.983Oil production per well: 18,8 bpd

(*): 43 % of Argentina Oil Production(**) Wells with Artificial Lift Systems

o Faults and sand stone lenseso HWOR (high water-oil ratio)o Increasing fluid flow rate per

wello Reservoirs from 2,000 to 9000

feet

GSJB Main Characteristics

High subsurface complexity + low oil productivity per wellHigh subsurface complexity + low oil productivity per well

o up to 35 different reservoirsopened

o Vertical wells (5 casing)o Semi-desert environment

GSJB - Enviroment and Landscape

Water Management in GSJBObjetives and Challenges

Increase oilproduction

IncreaseRecovery

Factor

Objetives of Water Management in SJGB

Waterhandling cost

Increasing Asset Value Improving the WaterManagement Process

Increasing Asset Value Improving the WaterManagement Process

EnvironmentImpact

Water System Scheme

aquifer

OILGAS

Selective injection(waterflooding

projects)Selective injection(waterflooding

projects)up to 35 differentreservoirs openedup to 35 differentreservoirs opened

From 3000 to 9000 ft

13.637 wells withALS)

13.637 wells withALS)

disposal

2.983injectors wells

2.983injectors wells

Treatment andinjection plantsTreatment andinjection plants Water pipelinesWater pipelines

Activities related to water management

Water TreatmentWater Treatment Power supplayPower supplay SurfaceDistributionSurface

Distribution

Reservoir ManagementReservoir Management

aquifer

OILGAS

disposal

ProductionOptimizationProductionOptimization

DownholeDistributionDownholeDistribution

Well IntegrityManagementWell IntegrityManagement

The Water System and activities related

Water treatment and distribution

Water Treatment

not complex process in GSJB 85 process and pumping plants

Tipical Treatment Suspended Solids and Oil Removal Dissolved Oxygen removal Scale prevention Bacteria Control Corrosion Control

Surface distribution

3,05 Millons of bpd of water injected 2.983 injectors wells Around 250 injection manifold Individual Electromagnetic Flowmeters Scada sistems for surveillance

Downhole distribution

Selective Injection Up to 15 mandrels Wireline operation is requiered for moving

valves and measuring the individual waterflow rate

Surveillance on injection patterns with tracers

Waterflooding projects in GSJBthe key for water management

3.195.346

122.308

256.180

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OIL PR

ODUC

TION-

BPD

WATER

INJEC

TION-

BPD

Water injection

Total Oil production

Oil production by Secundary Recovery (SR)

46,5 % of Oil production from SR46,5 % of Oil production from SR 100 % of Water is injected100 % of Water is injectedAround 350 SR ProjectAround 350 SR Project

Water Injection vs Oil production

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0,7 % EORSECUNDARY

PRIMARY

EOR Just the begining

% of water produced evolution

Water balanceBottlenecks Analysis

WaterfloodingWaterflooding

PrimaryProductionPrimary

Production

water supplywells

water supplywells

Secundary rec.Production


Water injectionWater injection

DisposalDisposal

Oil production & Water sourcesOil production & Water sources

Water balance & Bottlenecks Analysis

Treatment andtransportationTreatment andtransportation

When the limit of water handling is reached, we canconsider at least two options

Increase the water injectioncapacity

Increase the water injectioncapacity

Reduce water productionReduce water production

technical and economic analysis is requiered in both casestechnical and economic analysis is requiered in both cases


PrimaryProductionPrimary

Production

water supplywells

water supplywells




DisposalDisposal




Restrictions that could affect the Water InjectionRestrictions that could affect the Water Injection

Low injectivity at the reservoirTreatment and distribution capacity limitedEnviromental problemsEconomic limit

Low injectivity at the reservoirTreatment and distribution capacity limitedEnviromental problemsEconomic limit


Productionprimary

Productionprimary

water supplywells

water supplywells

ProductionSecundary RecProduction

Secundary Rec


DisposalDisposal




Possible ActionsPossible Actions

Injector Wells stimulation (increaseinjectivity)

Well convertion ( producer to injector) Improve the treatment and transportation Modification patterns of injection and/ or

EOR projects implementation (improve therecovery factor and economic benefits)

Injector Wells stimulation (increaseinjectivity)

Well convertion ( producer to injector) Improve the treatment and transportation Modification patterns of injection and/ or

EOR projects implementation (improve therecovery factor and economic benefits)

Water shut-off (a few porjects in GSJB) Insolate water zone (some time oil

production is insolated too) Downhole Oil And Water Separator (

not used in GSJB) Shut-in producers wells (the last

decision)

Water shut-off (a few porjects in GSJB) Insolate water zone (some time oil

production is insolated too) Downhole Oil And Water Separator (

not used in GSJB) Shut-in producers wells (the last

decision)Review the devolopment planReview the devolopment plan

Field examplesLimit for handling fluid

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Petrl

eo-m

3/d

Bruta

-m3/d

EXAMPLE #1

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95 % de agua 61 % de oil p/RecSec 500 pozosLmite ?

GROSS WATER INJECTION OIL

EXAMPLE #2

02004006008001.0001.2001.4001.6001.8002.000

04.0008.000

12.00016.00020.00024.00028.00032.00036.00040.000


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98% de agua 69 % de oil p/RecSec 240 pozos

Lmite


EXAMPLE #3

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96% de agua 76 % de oil p/RecSec 488 pozos

Optimizacin de inyeccin(EOR, Inyeccin Selectiva)

Perforacin In FillETC

Ejemplo real de la Cuenca del Golfo San Jorge


32

Water-Oil Relationship (WOR)

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RAP-

m3/m

3TordilloDiademaTrebol - EscalantePampa del CastilloCampamento Central Caadon PerdidoKaike-Piedra Clavada

Promedio CGSJ

WAR vs % of oil production from secundary recovery

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% of oil production bt Waterflooding

SOLANO

PIEDRA CLAVADA

PAMPA DEL CASTILLO -LA GUITARRAESCALANTE - EL TREBOL

LOS PERALES - LASMESETASEL TORDILLO

DIADEMA

MANANTIALES BEHR

Water management costHow affect the total cost

SJGB - Lifting cost evolution and distribution

25 %

35 %17 %

12 %ENERGY FluidTransportation

MANTEINANCESurface MANTEINANCE

Sub-Surface

PERSONEL

Water Treatment3 %

Oil Treatment3 %

Others5 %

Well Integrity Management

Problem description in GSJB

Due to the Environmental Security Regulation,it is necessary to guarantee a perfectmechanical integrity in injector wells.

This means to obtain hermeticity in the Casing-Packer-Tubing system, between the top Packerand well-head, during the operative life of thewell.

The injector wells in the Golfo San Jorge Basinare subjected to extreme variations ofoperative conditions (pressure andtemperature), which cause premature failure inassembly

Protect the fresh water zones Control the survellance of the repaired injector

wells Ensure the control of annulus pressure (second

barrier)

Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool-Visualization (CAST-V)

Enviromental Requirements

Conclusions

In mature fields, some times the water control is not anoptinons, and it`s necesary to produce water forproducing oil. Investment in treatment facilities,distribution and injection will be required

A continue water balance a and surveillance is importantfor improving the oil production

EOR projects implementation could be an option forimproving the recovery factor, but it will depend on thereturn on investment (EOR projects can have long-termresults)

Conclusions

Continue lifting cost analysis is requiered in mature fields

Team work between Production, Reservoir and FacilitiesEngineering and Production Operations is necesary fordeveloping and monitoring water flooding projects, andmanaging the water distribution.

Improving the Water Management Process we canIncreasing the Asset Value"

Muchas GraciasClemente Marcelo [email protected]

www.opogc.com

Documents

Water MAnagement Experience in Golfo San Jorge BAsin. Argentina