Vegas Global Cities

8/14/2019 Vegas Global Cities

1/23

BROOKINGS INSTITUTION

METROPOLITAN POLICY PROGRAM

Audrey Singer, Immigration Fellow

The Brookings Institution

Global Immigrant Gateways WorkshopGeorge Washington University

January 12-13, 2006

Las Vegas: Global Suburb?:Migration to and from an Emerging Immigrant Gateway

Metropolitan Policy Program


2/23



It is important that we have a project onthe West Coast, and where better thanLas Vegas which is a destination, and

Southern California where people can seeit and ride it. It is expensive, but we cantcontinue the growth in the western part of

the United States and still rely on justroads and air.

--Rep. Don Young (R-Alaska), in support of amagnetic levitation train between Anaheim

and Las Vegas


3/23



Look, I've had guys from a little farm inPuebla [Mexico] who were some of the

best chefs I've ever seen. Phenomenal.Anything you taught them they couldlearn, and do.

Stephen Kalt, Executive Chef,Corsa Cucina,Wynn Las Vegas


4/23


5/23



Why has Las Vegas grown so quickly?

The Last Detroit: the most unionized city in theUS and the service economy

Low cost of living, new housing, endless desertspace

Las Vegas has a diversified economy: majortransportation, inexpensive storage space, lowoperation costs

Its not California: recession in the early 1990sled to mass exodus out of California


6/23



Las Vegas in Context

Hoover Dam

North Las Vegas

Oxnard

Fresno

Tucson

Phoenix

Stockton

San Jose

Las Vegas

San Diego

Riverside

Sacramento

Los Angeles

Bakersfield

San Francisco

Salt Lake City

Great Salt Lake

Salton Sea

Lake Mead

Lake Powell

Lake Tahoe

I15

I10

I5

I40

I80

I8

I70

I17

I19

Reno

Carson City

Henderson

UTAH

NEVADA

CALIFORNIA

ARIZONA


7/23



Population Change in Las Vegas, 1960-2000

Total Population, Metropolitan Las Vegas, 1960-2000

139,126

304,744

528,000

852,737

1,563,282

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

Total population

Source: Census

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

119% 76% 62% 83%


8/23



Migration In and Out of Las Vegas

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

1989

-90

1991

-92

1993

-94

1995

-96

1997

-98

1999

-00

2001

-02

2003

-04

In-migrants Out-migrants Net in-migrants

Source: IRS

Gross and net migration, Las Vegas


9/23




Source: IRS

0

2000400060008000

1000012000140001600018000

1989

-90

1990

-91

1991

-9

1992

-93

1993

-94

1994

-95

1995

-96

1996

-97

1997

-98

1998

-99

1999

-00

2000

-01

2001

-0

2002

-03

2003

-04


Migration Flows between Las Vegas and Los Angeles


10/23




Source: IRS

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

1989

-90

1991

-92

1993

-94

1995

-96

1997

-98

1999

-00

2001

-02

2003

-04


Migration Flows between Las Vegas and Riverside-San Bernardino


11/23




Source: IRS

Migration Flows between Las Vegas and Phoenix

-500

0

500

1000

15002000

2500

30003500

4000

4500

1

989-90

1

991-92

1

993-94

1

995-

96

1

997-

98

1

999-00

2

001-02

2

003-04



12/23



Los Angeles Metropolitan area dominates inflow

Source: Internal Revenue Service

*includes Orange County

97,14785,30077,17167,222Total In-migration

1.31,2881.41,2181.71,3102.11,415Reno

2.32,2812.82,3872.82,1906.34,213Phoenix

4.13,9682.92,5123.52,6972.71,841San Diego3.23,1823.02,5372.92,2231.5993New York

3.33,2013.73,1402.92,2462.31,519Chicago

4.64,4514.94,2516.04,6323.42,286Riverside-SanBernardino

16.015,56614.912,69519.815,25114.59,762Los Angeles*

%#%#%#%#

2004200019941990Metropolitan Area

Sources of Gross In-migration to Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, Selected Years


13/23



Increase in the Foreign-Born, Las Vegas, 1980-2000

Source: Census

1980 1990 2000

74,304

258,494

35,062

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

1

112% 248%


14/23



The nations primary Gateway States are shifting

From Northeast

and Southwest

To Southeast

and Mountain West


15/23


METROPOLITAN POLICY PROGRAM29.0Salinas, CA

29.0Laredo, TX

29.5McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX

29.9Orange County, CA

32.0San Francisco, CA

33.7New York, NY

34.1San Jose, CA

36.2Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA

38.5Jersey City, NJ

50.9Miami, FL

HIGHEST PERCENT FOREIGN-BORN, 2000

Contemporary trends in metropolitan immigrantsettlement


16/23



Contemporary trends in metropolitan immigrantsettlement

172.2Austin-San Marcos, TX

174.1Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT

182.7Phoenix-Mesa, AZ

186.6Denver, CO

219.9Nashville, TN

247.9Las Vegas, NV-AZ

262.8Atlanta, GA

270.4Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC

315.0Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC

367.2Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point, NC

PERCENT GREATEST GROWTH IN FOREIGN-BORN, 1990-2000(Among Metros with >1M total population)


17/23



Country of Birth, Las Vegas 2000

Other23%

Germany 2%

Mexico47%

Philippines 10%

El Salvador 4%

Vietnam 2%China 2%

UK 2%Cuba 3%

Canada 3%

Korea 2%


18/23



Where did you live 5 years ago (1995), Las Vegasresidents, 2000

Native -Born Foreign -Born

Same House

Different House, US

Abroad

26 %

54 %

19%

38 %

61 %

1%


19/23



Percentage of foreign-born who moved from abroadfive years ago, selected metros, 2000

42%Atlanta

41%Pittsburgh

38%Detroit

38%Dallas

36%Phoenix

33%Chicago

33%New York

26%Las Vegas

23%

RESIDING IN

Los Angeles


20/23



Among FB movers, where did you live 5 years ago?

71

80

86

82

66

93

77

77

72

78

29

20

14

18

34

7

23

23

28

22

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Mexico

Philippines

El Salvador

Canada

Cuba

Germany

Guatemala

Japan

China

KoreaDifferent house in US Abroad


21/23



Residential concentration outside the city limits


22/23



Change in the population without the foreign born

Population Change in Selected Metropolitan Areas, 1990-2000

-10.0

0.0

10.0

20.0

30.0

40.0

50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

Pittsburgh Chicago New York Los Angeles Atlanta Las Vegas Phoenix

Percent Change in Total Population

Percent Change in Native-born

Population

Source: Census


23/23



Las Vegas, Global Suburb?

Migration system with the Southwestern region,including Mexico

More affordable middle-class lifestyle, like the

burbs used to be?

Foreign-born population will continue to grow dueto social networks

Documents

Vegas Global Cities