''UNSCR 1540 Civil Society Forum - Opportunities for Engagement''

Maria Lorenzo Sobrado Terrorism Prevention Branch, UNODC

Vienna, 8-10 January 2013

UNODC’s Role in Terrorism Prevention

• Strong General Assembly mandates to assist Member States adhere to the international legal framework against terrorism;

• Close cooperation with Security Council and other UN agencies;

• Active participation in CT international and regional Fora (GICNT, GCTF).

Strengthening the legal regime against terrorism

• Ratification and implementation of international CT conventions and implementation of UN Security Council resolutions;

• Harmonization of national laws with international obligations in the framework of the rule of law;

• Building national capacity to implement CT laws;• Strengthening international cooperation;• Building legal expertise in specialised areas (CBRN, Transportation

security, Financing of Terrorism, Victims, Use of the Internet for Terrorist Purposes)

• Addressing complex legal issues arising from the links between terrorism and other crimes (illicit trafficking, money laundering, cyber crime, piracy etc).

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Resolution 1540 (2004)

• Adopted under Chapter VII of the UN Charter• Inter alia, all States must adopt and enforce legislation

prohibiting non-state actors to manufacture, acquire, posses, develop, transport, transfer or use:

nuclear, chemical and biological weapons (WMD)means of delivery

– In particular for terrorist purposes

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International Legal Instruments against Terrorism

United Nations Conventions

Instruments related to civil aviation

Maritime agreements

IAEA Conventions

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United Nations ConventionsConvention on Prevention and Punishment of Crimes Against Internationally Protected Persons

International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages

International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings –

International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism

International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism

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Instruments related to civil aviationConvention on Offences and Certain other Acts Committed on Board Aircraft

Convention for the Suppression of the Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft

Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation

Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation

Convention on the Marking of Plastic Explosives for the Purpose of DetectionConvention on the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Relating to International Civil Aviation 2010 Protocol Supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Seizure of Aircraft 2010

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Maritime agreements

Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation + Protocol of 2005 to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation

Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Satety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf + Protocol of 2005 to the Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Fixed Platforms Located on the Continental Shelf

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IAEA Conventions

Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material

2005 Amendment to the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material

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Common points to the Conventions

Establish offences

Require States to criminalize offences

Establish the principle aut dedere aut judicare = “either extradite or prosecute”

Provide for international cooperation mechanisms

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Is the incrimination of terrorism necessary?

The Conventions

Do not require the incrimination of the offence of “terrorism”

Require the incrimination of certain offences independently of terrorist motivation

The terrorist motivation may be considered as an aggravatingcircumstance

Impact Measurement

2003 - present: • 168 countries reached

• 12,830 officials trained in CT legal aspects;

• 125 sub-regional and regional workshops held

• 24 technical assistance specialized

tools/publications developed

• 41 CTED country visits provided

with TPB expert input/participation

• On-going input provided to the

Counter-Terrorism Implementation

Task Force

Sustainability

• CT Legal Training Curriculum Module on international cooperation in criminal matters: mutual legal

assistance and extradition in terrorist cases Module on the universal legal framework against terrorism

• CT Learning Platform

Online training courses; virtual community of practitioners; legal resources. In 2011, the training platform has been used to deliver six online training sessions, training 155 criminal justice officials and law enforcement officers, representing 28 countries worldwide*.

• Tools and publications

Examples of work with civil society

• VERTIC

• INSEN network

• Universities

Thank you!

UNODCTerrorism Prevention Branch Maria Lorenzo SobradoFocal Point for CBRN TerrorismP.O. Box 500 A - 1400 ViennaAustriaTel: + 43 1 26060 5433Fax: + 43 1 26060 75433Web: http://www.unodc.org

E-mail: maria.lorenzo-sobrado@unodc.org