Unit XVIII - Islam Unit XVIII - Islam

Copyright 2006; C. Pettinato, RCS High School, All Rights Reserved

1. The Mosque in Medina1. The Mosque in Medina

2. The Muslim World of 2. The Muslim World of 14531453

3. Beginnings3. Beginnings

A. founded by Muhammad in 622A. founded by Muhammad in 622 B. born in 570B. born in 570 C. successful caravan merchantC. successful caravan merchant D. married KhadijaD. married Khadija E. troubled by idol worship/moralityE. troubled by idol worship/morality F. a visit by Gabriel – “Proclaim”F. a visit by Gabriel – “Proclaim” G. the first convert G. the first convert H. 622 – The first hijra, Yathrib (Medina)H. 622 – The first hijra, Yathrib (Medina) I. the reconquering of Mecca I. the reconquering of Mecca

4. Video4. Video

5. Death and Division5. Death and Division

A. When did Muhammad die?A. When did Muhammad die?

B.. Who took over after his death?B.. Who took over after his death?

C. Who else wanted to take over?C. Who else wanted to take over?

D. Who are Sunni Muslims?D. Who are Sunni Muslims?

E. Who are Shi’ite Muslims?E. Who are Shi’ite Muslims?

6. Main Beliefs of Islam6. Main Beliefs of Islam

A. The 5 PillarsA. The 5 Pillars

1. Declaration of Faith – one God, 1. Declaration of Faith – one God, Allah, Muhammad is his prophetAllah, Muhammad is his prophet

2. Daily prayer – facing Mecca, 5x2. Daily prayer – facing Mecca, 5x 3. Charity to the poor3. Charity to the poor 4. Fasting during Ramadan4. Fasting during Ramadan 5. Hajj to Mecca 1x during lifetime5. Hajj to Mecca 1x during lifetime

7. Video7. Video

8. Other Beliefs8. Other Beliefs

A. Mosque – Muslim place of worshipA. Mosque – Muslim place of worship B. Quran – The sacred word of God, B. Quran – The sacred word of God,

as revealed to Muhammad as revealed to Muhammad C. Sharia – Written laws of the faithC. Sharia – Written laws of the faith D. People of the BookD. People of the Book E. caliphE. caliph F. the rights of womenF. the rights of women G. the spreading of the faithG. the spreading of the faith H. eternity in paradiseH. eternity in paradise I. the importance of JerusalemI. the importance of Jerusalem

9. The Dome of the Rock9. The Dome of the Rock

10 The Great Mosque - 10 The Great Mosque - MeccaMecca

11. The Early Dynasties of 11. The Early Dynasties of IslamIslam

A. The Umayyad sA. The Umayyad s

1. 1st dynasty1. 1st dynasty 2. ruled until 750, 2. ruled until 750,

Arabs dominated Arabs dominated 3. early successes 3. early successes

gaining wealth and gaining wealth and spreading Islam to spreading Islam to NW. Africa. E. Persia, NW. Africa. E. Persia, and Spainand Spain

4. overthrown by 4. overthrown by Abassids when Abassids when conquests slowedconquests slowed

B. The AbassidsB. The Abassids

1. led by Abu al-Abbas1. led by Abu al-Abbas 2. lasted until 12582. lasted until 1258 3. ended Arab 3. ended Arab

dominancedominance 4. period of greatest 4. period of greatest

wealth and power – wealth and power – “Golden Age”“Golden Age”

5. Bagdad – capital5. Bagdad – capital 6. Persian traditions6. Persian traditions 7. overthrown by 7. overthrown by

SeljuksSeljuks

12. The Golden Age of 12. The Golden Age of IslamIslam

A. What were the advances in the A. What were the advances in the following fields during the Golden following fields during the Golden Age (750-1350)?Age (750-1350)?

1. international trade;1. international trade;

2. manufacturing;2. manufacturing;

3. agriculture; 3. agriculture;

13. Golden Age (cont.)13. Golden Age (cont.)

4. art;.4. art;. 5. architecture; 5. architecture; 6. literature;6. literature; 7.mMathematics; 7.mMathematics; 8. astronomy; 8. astronomy;

14. Golden Age (cont.)14. Golden Age (cont.)

9. medicine; Muhammad al Razi, 9. medicine; Muhammad al Razi, tests for locations for hospitals, tests for locations for hospitals, physicians, hospitals, emergency physicians, hospitals, emergency rooms, traveling physicians, holistic rooms, traveling physicians, holistic health, Avicenna, diagnosis and health, Avicenna, diagnosis and treatment of disease, prescription treatment of disease, prescription medication, cataract treatmentmedication, cataract treatment

15. Mehmet II15. Mehmet II

16. Constantinople16. Constantinople

17. The Ottoman and Safavid 17. The Ottoman and Safavid EmpiresEmpires

A. Ottoman EmpireA. Ottoman Empire (1450-1800’s)(1450-1800’s)

1. Turkish speaking from 1. Turkish speaking from western/central Asiawestern/central Asia

2. strong central 2. strong central governmentsgovernments

3. largest in 1500’s-3. largest in 1500’s-1600’s1600’s

4.Suleiman the 4.Suleiman the MagnificentMagnificent

5. janissaries5. janissaries 6. the arts and literature6. the arts and literature 7. the 4 classes7. the 4 classes 8. the fall 8. the fall

B. The Safavid B. The Safavid EmpireEmpire (1500’s- (1500’s-1722)1722)

1. location - Persia1. location - Persia 2. Shah Abbas the 2. Shah Abbas the

Great – centralized Great – centralized govt., powerful govt., powerful educated militaryeducated military

3. strong economy3. strong economy 4. capital - Isfahan 4. capital - Isfahan 5. the arts and 5. the arts and

literatureliterature 6. international trade6. international trade 7. the fall7. the fall

18. Islam in India18. Islam in India

A. When did Islam first spread into A. When did Islam first spread into the Indus River Valley? Who spread it the Indus River Valley? Who spread it throughout India and when?throughout India and when?

B. Why did Islam conflict with B. Why did Islam conflict with Hinduism?Hinduism?

C. What was the Mughal Dynasty and C. What was the Mughal Dynasty and when did it rule?when did it rule?

D. Who ws Akbar the Great?D. Who ws Akbar the Great?

19. The Taj Mahal19. The Taj Mahal

206. Important Terms and 206. Important Terms and PeoplePeople

A. MuhammadA. Muhammad B. KhadijaB. Khadija C. mosqueC. mosque D. QuranD. Quran E. ShariaE. Sharia F. SunniF. Sunni G. Shi’iteG. Shi’ite H. Abu BakrH. Abu Bakr I. Ali and FatimaI. Ali and Fatima J. Umayad DynastyJ. Umayad Dynasty

K. Abassid DynastyK. Abassid Dynasty L. Suleiman the Mag.L. Suleiman the Mag. M. Mehmet IIM. Mehmet II N. AllahN. Allah O. Ottoman EmpireO. Ottoman Empire P. Safavid EmpireP. Safavid Empire Q. minaretQ. minaret R. Muhammad al R. Muhammad al

RaziRazi S. Avicenna (Ibn S. Avicenna (Ibn

Sina)Sina)