Unit IV – The RomansUnit IV – The Romans

From Republic to EmpireFrom Republic to Empire

Copyright 2006; C. Pettinato, RCS High School, All Rights Reserved

1. Video1. Video

2. Location – 509BC2. Location – 509BC

3. Location 180 - AD3. Location 180 - AD

4. From Romulus to Republic4. From Romulus to Republic

A. The story of Romulus – A. The story of Romulus –

B. The uniting of the 5 hills – B. The uniting of the 5 hills –

C. Why a Republic? - C. Why a Republic? -

5. The Republic – 509BC5. The Republic – 509BC

A. What was the most powerful A. What was the most powerful governing body?governing body?

B. What social/economic group were B. What social/economic group were the members chosen from?the members chosen from?

C. How did the plebeians get C. How did the plebeians get representation?representation?

6. The North Wall of Rome – 6. The North Wall of Rome – Porta PincianaPorta Pinciana

7. Structure of Government7. Structure of Government

A. Senate – the law making bodyA. Senate – the law making body1. senators - representing patricians1. senators - representing patricians2. tribunes - representing common 2. tribunes - representing common

people in the Senate, had veto powerpeople in the Senate, had veto power3. 2 consuls making executive 3. 2 consuls making executive

decisions – actually running day to decisions – actually running day to day affairs day affairs

4. in times of war or emergency, the 4. in times of war or emergency, the Senate created a dictatorship Senate created a dictatorship

8. The Roman Senate Building 8. The Roman Senate Building on the Forumon the Forum

9. Committed to the Rule of Law 9. Committed to the Rule of Law and Justiceand Justice

A. The Twelve TablesA. The Twelve TablesB. Civil Law/Law of NationsB. Civil Law/Law of NationsC. Civil Law principles:C. Civil Law principles:

Equality before the lawEquality before the lawInnocent until proven guiltyInnocent until proven guiltyThe right to face the accuserThe right to face the accuserGuilt established clearer than daylightGuilt established clearer than daylightFairness – judges can interpret the lawFairness – judges can interpret the law

10. Transition From Republic to 10. Transition From Republic to EmpireEmpire

133BC – 27BC133BC – 27BC

A. Economic problems causing A. Economic problems causing unrestunrest

B. The murders of Tiberius and Gaius B. The murders of Tiberius and Gaius GracchusGracchus

C. Julius Caesar – 44BC C. Julius Caesar – 44BC D. Octavian – Augustus – 1D. Octavian – Augustus – 1stst citizen citizen

(emperor)(emperor)

11. The Temple of Julius 11. The Temple of Julius CaesarCaesar

12. Augustus – The First 12. Augustus – The First CitizenCitizen

13. Pax Romana – 27BC – 13. Pax Romana – 27BC – 180AD180AD

A. What was life like in the following A. What was life like in the following areas?areas?

1. trade – national and international1. trade – national and international 2. flow of ideas2. flow of ideas 3. role of women3. role of women 4. education4. education 5. religion5. religion 6. government6. government

14. Video14. Video

15. Roman Accomplishments15. Roman Accomplishments

In what areas did Romans make In what areas did Romans make great accomplishments?great accomplishments?

1. Architecture1. Architecture

2. Engineering2. Engineering

3. Law3. Law

4. Military power4. Military power

16. The Roman Coliseum16. The Roman Coliseum

17. The Coliseum (cont.)17. The Coliseum (cont.)

18. The Fall (Long Decline)18. The Fall (Long Decline)of Rome of Rome

Western – Rome 476Western – Rome 476 1. economic problems1. economic problems 2. attacks from 2. attacks from

“barbarians”“barbarians” 3. decline in3. decline in

a. patriotism/dutya. patriotism/duty b. disciplineb. discipline

4. weakened 4. weakened army/mercenariesarmy/mercenaries

5. power hungry 5. power hungry leadersleaders

Eastern – Eastern – Constantinople 312Constantinople 312

1. Remained in power 1. Remained in power until 1453until 1453

19. Video19. Video

20. Efforts at Reform20. Efforts at Reform

The effort at economic reform was The effort at economic reform was continued by many Roman leaders continued by many Roman leaders such as: such as:

A. Diocletian - 284A. Diocletian - 284

B. Constantine - 312B. Constantine - 312

21. Constantine’s Arch and 21. Constantine’s Arch and SarcophagusSarcophagus

22. Important Terms and 22. Important Terms and PeoplePeople

1. patricians/plebeians1. patricians/plebeians 2. consuls2. consuls 3. tribunes/veto3. tribunes/veto 4. republic/empire4. republic/empire 5. legion5. legion 6. Hannibal/Punic Wars6. Hannibal/Punic Wars 7. economic problems7. economic problems 8. Gracchus Bros.8. Gracchus Bros. 9. Julius Caesar9. Julius Caesar 10. Augustus10. Augustus 11. Hadrian 11. Hadrian

12. Pax Romana12. Pax Romana 13. aqueduct13. aqueduct 14. engineering/arch.14. engineering/arch. 15. military15. military 16. rule of Law/12 16. rule of Law/12

TablesTables 17. reasons for fall of 17. reasons for fall of

western Romewestern Rome 18. Diocletian18. Diocletian 19. Constantine19. Constantine 20. eastern Rome20. eastern Rome 21. legion 21. legion