Unit 2 Test

Question 110 out of 10 points

Which of the following best matches the description?Central region of an atom.

Selected Answer:nucleus

Answers:respiration

pH

enzyme

ion

photosynthesis

acid

combustion

potential energy

base

proton

electron

isotope

neutron

kinetic energy

nucleus

entropy

latent heat

Response Feedback:correct


Some of the steps followed in the scientific method include:

Selected Answer:observation, formulate and test a hypothesis, compare results to others and publish.

Answers:write a dissertation and present the information at a scientific conference.

analyze historical events and offer your opinion of the key findings.

observation, formulate and test a hypothesis, compare results to others and publish.

interview many people about their reaction to current events.



Which of the following best matches the description?Number used as a measure of hydrogen ion concentration.

Selected Answer:pH

Answers:respiration

pH

enzyme

ion

photosynthesis

acid

combustion

potential energy

base

proton

electron

isotope

neutron

kinetic energy

nucleus

entropy

latent heat



The scientific method is the process that scientists use to

Selected Answer:rigorously test the solutions to new questions.

Answers:evaluate student learning.

rigorously test the solutions to new questions.

study a crime scene.

photograph human behavior.



Which of the following best matches the description?Molecule or atom which has lost or gained an electron.

Selected Answer:ion

Answers:respiration

pH

enzyme

ion

photosynthesis

acid

combustion

potential energy

base

proton

electron

isotope

neutron

kinetic energy

nucleus

entropy

latent heat



Which of the following small molecules are converted to form sugar in photosynthesis?

Selected Answer:water and carbon dioxide

Answers:oxygen and water

hydroxyl ion and hydrogen

carbon dioxide and oxygen

water and carbon dioxide



In the United States, what percentage of energy consumed is in the form of electricity?

Selected Answer:73%

Answers:36%

94%

4%

73%

Response Feedback:incorrect


Energy that cannot be used to do useful work is referred to as

Selected Answer:entropy.

Answers:potential energy.

entropy.

kinetic energy.

enzymatic energy.



Pseudoscience

Selected Answer:All of these are correct.

Answers:is a deceptive practice.

utilizes appearance and language of science.

is misleading.

All of these are correct.



Reproducibility is an important part of the scientific method and means that

Selected Answer:other scientists are able to repeat the experiment and obtain similar results.

Answers:other scientists are able to repeat the experiment and obtain similar results.

scientists show all the calculations in their work.

scientists have an idea that they are testing.

a control group is always used.



Which of the following countries has the lowest population growth rate?

Selected Answer:Sweden

Answers:China

Mexico

India

Sweden



Which of the following best matches the description?Limiting factors that become more severe as the size of the population increases.

Selected Answer:density-dependent limiting factor

Answers:stable equilibrium phase

exponential growth phase

biotic potential

carrying capacity

r-strategist

lag phase

K-strategist

environmental resistance

population density

density-dependent limiting factor

death phase

density-independent factor

dispersal

age distribution

emigration

immigration



The human population growth curve is currently in which phase?

Selected Answer:exponential growth

Answers:death phase

lag phase

stable equilibrium

exponential growth



Which of the following best matches the description?Portion of the population growth curve that shows the population declining.

Selected Answer:death phase



biotic potential

carrying capacity

r-strategist

lag phase

K-strategist


population density


death phase


dispersal

age distribution

emigration

immigration



As a result of the ban on international trade of elephant products,

Selected Answer:the elephant population has exploded.

Answers:the elephant population has declined.

the antelope population has declined.

native peoples have starved from famine.

the elephant population has exploded.



Which of the following limiting factors is NOT a component of environmental resistance?

Selected Answer:organismal biotic potential

Answers:availability of raw materials

organismal biotic potential

availability of energy

accumulation of waste products




Which of the following best matches the description?Limiting factors that are not affected by population size.

Selected Answer:density-independent factor



biotic potential

carrying capacity

r-strategist

lag phase

K-strategist


population density


death phase


dispersal

age distribution

emigration

immigration



On a population growth curve, the _____________________ phase results in the same percentage increase each year.

Selected Answer:exponential growth

Answers:lag

deceleration

stable equilibrium

exponential growth



Ecologists refer to the maximum sustainable population for an area as

Selected Answer:carrying capacity.

Answers:exponential growth.

lag phase.

carrying capacity.

None of these are correct.



Which condition is necessary for a population to grow?

Selected Answer:Birthrate must exceed death rate.

Answers:Stabilization must occur.

Mortality must exceed natality.

Birthrate must exceed death rate.

Carrying capacity must occur.



In 2002 Iowa became the first state to regulate the use of phosphorus in lawn fertilizer.

Selected Answer:True

Answers:True

False



During the carbon cycle, the same carbon atoms are used over and over again.


Answers:True

False



Charles Darwin developed the idea of natural selection without understanding the gene concept.

Selected Answer:False

Answers:True

False



Genes are distinct pieces of DNA that determine the characteristics an individual displays.


Answers:True

False



The upper layer of an aquatic ecosystem where sunlight penetrates is termed the euphotic zone.


Answers:True

False



Mangrove swamps are tropical marine shoreline ecosystems dominated by trees.


Answers:True

False



Organisms in each biome have adapted to the climatic conditions typical of that biome.


Answers:True

False



Streams differ from lakes in that they are high in pre-glacial sediment.


Answers:True

False


Question 29Needs Grading

In your own words explain the concept of Carrying Capacity. Now tell me what does the term Sustainability mean?

So tell me what is the relationship between these two concepts? How are they connected? Or are they connected? Is it pseudoscience to compare these two things? What do you think?

Selected Answer:Carrying Capacity is the maximum population size of the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely. The term sustainability means the ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level. These two concepts are connected because they both refer to the environment's ability to take care of species.

Correct Answer:Carrying capacity is the maximum population that can be supported by the environment in which the population inhabits. Sustainability is the concept that humans are to use the environment without degredation to allow for future use. The idea is that sustainability allows for looking at fugure use by humans, and not necessarily to protect the environment but to minimize the human impact so humans can continue to thrive in their environment. So the two are connected in that if the sustainabilty equation is not correc than the population could exceed the carrying capacity so that the population can not be sustainable. So they are connected, but the idea of sustainabilty does push the idea of pseudoscience in that it does not quite have proof that the equation will actually work because of the focus on humans and not the environment as a whole. If it is psuedoscience or not is yet to be proven, but it may or may not be accurate because how can someone decide what is needed for the future? One species going extinct can have an impact on the future as well as climate change and population growth, but how do we predict what is needed for future generations? Sustainabilty tries to determine the equation but carrying capacity is the result and it is proven, but not known until it is exceeded.

Response Feedback:[None Given]


Shallow warm nutrient-rich lakes are described as

Selected Answer:eutrophic.

Answers:oligotrophic.

benthic.

eutrophic.

limnetic.



You would find a temperate rainforest along the coasts of all of the following states except

Selected Answer:northern New York.

Answers:southern Alaska.

northern California.

northern British Columbia.

northern New York.



The unusual forest biome occurring in California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia is called a

Selected Answer:temperate rainforest.

Answers:tropical rainforest.

boreal forest.

temperate rainforest.

temperate deciduous forest



Which of the following best matches the description?Organisms that live on the bottom of marine or freshwater ecosystems.

Selected Answer:benthic

Answers:phytoplankton

littoral zone

desert

pioneer community

grassland

boreal forest

pelagic

tundra

benthic

deciduous forest

biochemical oxygen demand

periphyton

marsh

savanna

euphotic



Human impact on temperate forests include


Answers:farming.

logging.

population centers.




Which of the following best matches the description?Biome that lacks trees and has permanently frozen soil.

Selected Answer:tundra

Answers:phytoplankton

littoral zone

desert

pioneer community

grassland

boreal forest

pelagic

tundra

benthic

deciduous forest

biochemical oxygen demand

periphyton

marsh

savanna

euphotic



Ecologists have learned that succession is influenced by many factors other than climate alone including

Selected Answer:invasive species, disease, human land use history, and seed dispersal.

Answers:rainfall and temperature patterns.

invasive species, disease, human land use history, and seed dispersal.

biogeochemical cycles, available oxygen, and superfund sites.

slope, wind patterns, and toxicity levels.



Which of the following is NOT true of climax communities?

Selected Answer:They have more kinds of organisms.

Answers:They have fewer types of interactions among organisms.

They have more kinds of organisms.

They are in energy balance.

They are able to maintain their mix of species.



In a rainforest, most of the sunlight is captured by trees and therefore only

Selected Answer:shade-tolerant plants live beneath the canopy.

Answers:small plants grow there.

fast growing trees and shrubs grow there.

vines can grow underneath them.

shade-tolerant plants live beneath the canopy.



Which is an example of secondary succession?

Selected Answer:a burned field

Answers:bare rock

a burned field

standing water

pure sand



Ecologists have traditionally categorized the roles of organisms in ecosystems into three broad categories that include


Answers:producers.

consumers.

decomposers.




This meat eater often gets meat from animals that have died by accident or illness, or were killed by other animals.

Selected Answer:scavenger

Answers:scavenger

omnivore

carnivore

parasite



Among plants, a condition that results in the number of sets of chromosomes in cells to increase, is called

Selected Answer:polyploidy.

Answers:multi-genetics.

polyploidy.

diploid.

haploid.



Which of the following best matches the description?Competition between members of the same species.

Selected Answer:intraspecific competition

Answers:denitrifying bacteria

herbivore

omnivore

producer

trophic level

community

ectoparasite

limiting factor

secondary consumer

nitrogen cycle

biomass

habitat

carbon cycle

interspecific competition

nitrogen-fixing bacteria

intraspecific competition



Which of the following best matches the description?Competition between members of different species.

Selected Answer:interspecific competition


herbivore

omnivore

producer

trophic level

community

ectoparasite

limiting factor

secondary consumer

nitrogen cycle

biomass

habitat

carbon cycle






Which of the following best matches the description?Interacting groups of different species in a given area.

Selected Answer:community


herbivore

omnivore

producer

trophic level

community

ectoparasite

limiting factor

secondary consumer

nitrogen cycle

biomass

habitat

carbon cycle






The use of fertilizers in agriculture has significantly altered several nutrient cycles including


Answers:nitrogen.

phosphorus.

potassium.




Which of the following elements is a limiting factor to plants in naturally occurring soil?

Selected Answer:nitrogen

Answers:nitrogen

phosphorous

oxygen

carbon



Which of the following is an example of an abiotic factor?

Selected Answer:the climate of the community in which the species mentioned above inhabit

Answers:the number of individuals of a particular species living in a community

the interactions between different species in a community

the diversity of prey and predator species in a community

the climate of the community in which the species mentioned above inhabit



Which of the following best matches the description?A region in which an organism lives.

Selected Answer:habitat


herbivore

omnivore

producer

trophic level

community

ectoparasite

limiting factor

secondary consumer

nitrogen cycle

biomass

habitat

carbon cycle





Question 50Needs Grading

You watched a video of the Galapogos islands and Darwin's voyage. List three important observations by Darwin from the video which lead to his theory of natural selection. Why were these observations important and how do they support his theory?

Selected Answer:Three important observations by Darwin from the video which led to his theory of natural selection include: all organisms producing more offspring than survive to adulthood, populations remain more or less constant in numbers, and members of the same species show variation in characteristics. These observations were very important because they helped to support his theory of natural selection.All organisms produce more offspring than survive to adulthood2. Populations remain more or less constant in numbers3. Members of the same species show variation in characteristics

Correct Answer:[None]

Response Feedback:[None Given]

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Unit 2 Test