Upload
thit-htoo-lwin
View
226
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
1/23
rSefaom
owif;pum;
aeYwd kif;Mum;NyD;
yd kif;jcm;Ed Iif;,SOf
t&S dtwd kif;jrifzd k Y
www.uniondaily.comwww.uniondaily.net 1377 ckES pf? uqkef vjynf h ausmf 2 &uf twG J 3? trS wf 24 (4-5-2015) wevFm
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u ol&OD;a&Tref;tar&duefwGif jrefrmwuf
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
2/23
2 twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m ?TOP NEWS
0g&S ifwef 'DpD ar 3 jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
em,u jynf ol Y vT wf awmf Ouú| ol&OD;a&Tref;onf National
Democratic Institute (NDI),
International Republican
Institute(IRI),International
Foundation for Electroal
Systems(IFES) tzG J Ursm;ES if h ,ck v 1&uf rGef;vGJ 2em&DwGi f
National Democratic Institute
0g&S ifwef 'DpD ar 3
jynf axmif pk vT wf awmf em,ujynfolYvTwfawmfOuú| ol&
OD ;a&T ref ;onf jynf ol UvT wf awmf aumf rwD Ouú |ES if h tzJ G U0if rsm;jzpf Muaom OD ;vSjrif h OD ;? a'guf wm
0if ;jrif h? OD ;0if ;oef ;? OD ;od ef ;xG ef ;? tar&duefEd kif iH qd kif&m jref rmoH
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u jynfolhvTwfawmfOuú|ol&OD;a&Tref;Smithsonian Air and Space Museum ESifU
Freer and Sackler Galleries rsm;odk hMunfU½IavUvm
trwf BuD ; OD ;ausmf rsKd ;xG #f wd kYES if h twl ,ref aeY eHeuf 10 em&D wG ifSmithsonian Air and Space
Museum odkY a&muf&SdMu&mSmithsonian Institution rS Se-nior Advisor Mr.John A. Matel
uBud KqdkcJh onf/
tqd kyg jywd kuf twG if ; av ,mOfysHpwifwDxGifc JhMuaom
½d kuf nD aemifES if h av,mOf wD xG if ay: ayguf vmyH krsm;? yxrurÇmppfES ifh 'kwd,urÇmppftwGif;u
toHk;jy KcJh aom av,mOfrs m;? vuf&S d toH k ;jyKaeaom av,mOf rsm;ES if h NASAupwif toH k;jyK cJ haom 'H k;ysH rsm;udk Munh f½I avh
vmMuonf/ 4if ;rS wpf qif h jynf axmif pk
vTwf awmf em,u OD ;aqmif onf h jref rmvT wf awmf cspf Munf a&;ud k,f pm;vS ,f tzJ G Uonf ,Of aus;rIjycef ;Freer and Sackler od kY a&muf&S d Mu&m tm&S ,Of aus; rI jycef ;wm0ef cHrpö rmombm&D 'dk;cefYu ,Ofaus;rIjywdkuf qdkif
&mrsm;ud k vd kuf vH&Sif;vif ;jyo cJ honf/
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u jynfolYvTwfawmfOuú|ol&OD;a&Tref; NDI,IRI,IFES tzG J Yrsm;ESif hawGYqH k
(NDI) ½H k;csKyf ü awGUqH kaqG ;aEG ; onf/
awG UqH kpOf jref rmEd kif iH \'D rd kua&pD zG H UNzd K;wd k;wuf rIES if h jyKjyif
ajymif ;vJ rI rsm;? 2015a&G ;aumufyGJatmifjrifpGm usif;yEdkifa&;
qd kif&mud pö&yfrsm;ud k aqG ;aEG ;cJ h Muonf/ awG UqH kaqG ;aEG ;yG J tNyD ; wGif jynf axmif pkvT wf awmf em,uESifh tzGJU 0ifr sm;onf trS wf w&pkaygif ;rS wf wrf ;wif
"mwfyH k ½d kuful ;Muonf/ tqd kygawG UqH kyG J od k Yjynf axmif pk
vT wf awmf em,uES if h twl jynf ol YvTwf awmfaumf rwD Ouú|ES ifh tzG J U0if rsm;jzpf Muaom OD ;vSjrif h OD; ? OD;0if;oef ;? a'gufwm
0if ;jrif h? OD ;od ef ;xG ef ;? tar&duefEd kif iH qdkif&m jref rmoH trwf BuD ;
OD ;ausmf rsKd ;xG #fESif h jynf ol YvT wf awmf½H k;rS wm0ef&Sd olrsm; wuf a&muf Muonf/
0g&Sifwef'D pD ar 3
tar&duefEkd if iH okd Y cspfMunf a&;c&D ;a&muf&S d aeaom jynf axmif pk vT wf awmf em,u jynf ol UvT wf awmf Ouú| ol&OD ;a&T ref ; onf ,ckv 1&uf eH euf 10em&D wG if tar&duefEkd if iH 0g&S if wef 'D pD NrKd U Carnegie Endowment ½H k;csKyf üusif ;yonf h 2015 ckES pfjref rmEkd if iH a&G ;aumufyG J qkd if&m aqG ;aEG ;yG J okd Y wuf a&muf onf/
jynf axmif pkvTwf awmf em,uu ajymMum;&mwG if 2015 ckES pf a&G ;aumufyG J onf jref rmEk d if iH twGuf ta&;BuD ;ygaMumif ;? vG wf vyf NyD ; w&m;rQwaom a&G ;aumufyG Jjzpf a&;twGuf vuf&S d tpkd;&? vT wf awmftoD ;oD;ES ifh jynf ol rsm;? Ekd if iH a&;ygwD rsm;? vl rI a&;tzG J Utpnf ;rsm; yl ;aygif ;yg0ifMu&ef vkd aMumif ;? a&G ; aumufyG JES if hywf ouf í Ekd if iH wuma&G ;aumufyG J avh vmapmif h
Munh f a&;tzG J Ursm;uk d vnf ; zd wf ac:xm;&S dygaMumif ;jzif h ajymMum; onf/ ,if ;aemuf aqG ;aEG ;yG J wuf a&muf vmol rsm;u od&S d vkd onf rsm;uk d ar;jref ;&m jynf axmif pk vT wf awmf em,uu jyef vnf&S if ;vif ;ajymMum;cJ honf/
awG UqH kaqG ;aEG ;yG J okd Y jynf axmif pkvT wf awmf em,uES if h twljynfolUvTwfawmfaumf rwDOuú|ESifh tzGJ U0if rsm;jzpfMuaom
OD ;vSjrif h OD ;? OD ;0if ;oef ;? a'guf wm0if ;jrif h? OD ;od ef ;xG ef ;? tar&duefEkd if iH qkd if&m jref rmoH trwf BuD ; OD ;ausmf rsKd ;xG #fES if h jynf ol U
vTwf awmf ½H k;rS wm0ef&Sd ol rsm;? tar&duefEkd if iHjcm;a&;0efBuD ; XmerS wm0ef&S dol rsm;? vT wf awmfukd ,f pm;vS ,f rsm;? Ekd if iHjcm; oH ½H k;rsm;rS 0ef xrf ;rsm;? wuú ok d vf aumvdyf rsm;rS ygarmu©? q&m q&mrrsm;? bG J UvG ef ausmif ;om;ausmif ;ol rsm;? tjynfjynf qk d if&m pD ;yGm;a&;vkyf ief ;&S if rsm;? Ekd if iHjcm;owif ;Xmersm;rS owif ; axmuf rsm;? NGO ES if h CSO tzG J Utpnf ;rsm;rS pkpkaygif ; 184
OD ;wuf a&muf Muonf/
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,ujrefrmEk difiHa&G;aumufyG Jqk dif&maqG;aEG;yG Jwufa&mufaqG;aEG;
u,m;av;(vG d Kifaumf ) vG d Kif aumf ar 3
jynf axmif pkMuH h cd kif a&;ES if h zG H U Nzd K;a&;ygwD wGJ zuf taxG axG twGif;a&;rSL;OD;odef;aZmfonf A[d k tvkyf trI aqmif OD ;vS od ef ;aqG (u,m;jynf e,f wm0ef cH )? A[d k
aumf rwD 0if OD ;wif h aZmf wd k Y vd kufyg vsufvG d Kif aumf Nrd KUod k Y ,aeY a&muf&S d aMumif; od&onf/
wG J zuf taxG axG twG if ;a&; rS L;ES if h A[dktvkyftrI aqmif wdkY
onf u,m;jynf e,f jynf axmif pk MuH h ckd if a&;ES if h zG H UNzd K;a&;ygwD Ouú|jynf e,f 0ef BuD ;csKyf OD ;cif armif OD ;ESif h twl ,aeY rG ef ;vG J 12 em&D
45rd epf wG if jynf e,fjynf axmif pk MuH h cd k if a&;ES if h zG H UNzd K;a&;ygwD tpnf ; ta0;cef ;rüusif ;yaom ygwD
tqif h qif hES if h awG Uqk H n§ dEI d if ;tpnf ; ta0;od kYwuf a&muf í ygwD \ 2015a&G ;aumufyG J atmifjrif a&; vkyf ief ;pOf rsm;ud k tus,f w0if h&S if ;vif ;aqG ;aEG ;Muonf/ awG U
qkHyG J od kY tif tm; 80 wuf a&muf cJ honf/
ygwD&yfwnf &S if oef aezd kYygwD twG if ;^tjyif pnf ;½k H ;a&;ud k
pOf quf rjywf aqmif&Guf&rnfjzpf aMumif ;? ygwD vkyf&yf wk d if ;? qE´ wd k if ;onf jynf ol twGuf omjzpf
&rnf [k cH ,l xm;NyD ; ygwD tBuD ; tuJ rsm;\ rS mMum;csufud k *½k pdkuf? vdkuf em&rnfjzpf aMumif ;? 2015 a&G ;aumufyGJ onf
pm-3 okd Y ❑❑❑❑❑
jynf axmifpkMuH h cd k if a&;ES ifUzG HY NzdK;a&;ygwDwG JzuftaxG axGtwG if;a&;rSL;vd GKif aumfwGifa&G;aumufyG JatmifEdk ifa&;vrf;n Tefaqmif&Guf
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
3/23
? twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m 3CURRENT
urÇ mhpme,fZif;vGwfvyfcGif haeYtcrf;tem;usif;y at;csrf ;rd k; &ef ukef ar 3
urÇmh pme,f Zif ;vG wf vyf cG if h aeY 2015(World Press Freedom
Day 2015) tcrf ;tem;ud k&efuk ef Nrd KU Novotel wG if ,aeY eH eufuusif ;ycJ h onf/
tqdkygtcrf ;tem;od kY jyef Mum;a&;0ef BuD ;Xmejynf axmif pk 0efBuD; OD;&J xG #f? jynf ol YvT wf awmf w&m;Oya' pd k;rd k;a&;ES if h wnfNidr fat;csrf; a&;aum f rwD Ouú| a':atmif qef ;pkMunfES if h
UNSCU rS wm0ef& dSo lrs m; ? vT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f rsm;ES if h zdwfMum;xm;aom {nfhonf
awmfrsm;? pme,f Zif ;aumif pDjref rm*sme,f vpf euf a0gh cfESif h
pme,f Zif ;orm;rsm;wuf a&muf cJ hMuonf/
tcrf;tem ;wGif jyefMum ;
a&;0ef BuD ;Xme jynf axmif pk0ef BuD ; OD ;&J xG #fu tzG if h trS mpum; ajymMum;&mwGi f jzpfay:cJhNyD; aom owif ;orm;vH kjcH KrI qkdif&mud pö&yf rsm;uJ h od k Y xyf rH rjzpf ay:
ap&ef tm;vH k ;u0d k if ;0ef ;aqmif&Guf oG m;&rnfjzpfaMumif;?MuefYMum aeaom enf ;Oya'ud k tjref qH k; ay:xGuf vm&efaqmif&GufoG m; rnfjzpf aMumif ;? rD 'D ,mrsm;tae
jzif h pd ef ac:rI topf rsm;ud k &if qkd if ae&csd ef tcsif ;csif ; oabmxm; rwl nD rI rsm;aMumif h wk duf cd kuf ajym qd krI rsm;?w&m;pG J qd k Ncd rf ;ajcmuf rI rsm;aqmif&Guf rI rjyKvkyf&ef vd k
aMumif ;? pme,f Zif ;vG wf vyf cG if h omrurD 'D ,mtcsKd Uut,f 'D wm vkyfyd k if cG if hES if h vG wf vyf cG if h rsm;ud kEd k if iH a&;ES if h pD ;yG m;a&;tusKd ;pD ;yG m;
rsm;twGuf xd ef;csKyfjcif ;? jcd rf ;
ajcmufjcif;rsm;ud kvnf ; jyKjyif ajymif ;vJ&ef vd ktyf aMumif ;ajym Mum;onf/
quf vuf í w&m;Oya'pd k; rdk;a&;ES if h wnfNid rf at;csrf ;a&;
aumf rwD Ouú| a':atmif qef ; pkMunfu jref rmEd kif iH 'D rd kua&pD wd k;wuf rI tay:urÇmuoH k;oyf&mwG if owif ;rD 'D ,mvG wf vyf
cG if h&&d S vmrIud kvnf ; xnf hoGif ;
q|rtBudrfajrmuftrf;NrdKY e,foufBuD;ylaZmfyGJ jynfolYvTwfawmfuk d,fpm;vS,fOD;odef;aqGESifU
'kwd,0efBuD;a'gufwmba&Twufa&muf
rd k;puf trf ; ar 3
trf ;Nrd KUe,f twG if ;&d S ouf BuD ;bd k;^bG m;rsm;tm; q|rBud rf ajrmuf yl aZmfuef awmhyGJ tcrf ; tem;udk {NyD 26&ufu a&T trf ;awmif cef ;rü usif ;yonf/
tqk dyg tcrf ;tem;ud k trf ; Nrd KUe,f jynf ol Y vT wf awmfudk,f pm;vS ,f OD ;od ef ;aqGES if h trf ;Nrd KU
e,f jynf axmifpkMuH h cdkif a&;ES if h zG H UNzd K;a&;ygwD wd kYu OD ;aqmif NyD ; Nrd KUe,f twG if ;&d S touf (75)ES pfES if h txuf uefawmh cH tbd k;?
tbG m; pk pkaygif ; 245OD ;wd k Y tm;ES pf pOf tpOf tvm tysuf t0wf txnf rsm;?toH k;taqmifypö nf ;ES if h tm;aq;rsm;*g&0jyKuef awmh
cJ hMuonf/ tcrf ;tem;od kY odyÜ HES if h enf ;
ynm0ef BuD ;Xme 'kwd ,0ef BuD ; a'guf wmba&T? taemufyd kif; wkd if ;ppf XmecsKyf 'kwd ,wd kif ;rS L;ES if h wyf&if ;wyf zG J UrS L;rsm;? Nrd KUe,f
tkyf csKyf a&;rS L;ES if h Nrd KUe,f tqif h Xm eq kd if &mtBuD ;tu Jr sm ;? Nrd KUe,f taxmuf tuljyKaumf rwD rsm;? &yf rd&yf zrsm;? Nrd KUe,f Muuf ajceD? rD ;owf? trsKd ;orD ;a&;&m? rd cifES if huav;apmif ha&Smufa&;
tzG J U0if rsm;? jynf axmif pkMuH h ckd if a&;ES if h zG H UNzd K;a&;ygwD 0if rsm;wuf a&muf cJh Mu ygonf/
tcrf ;tem;wG if trf ;Nrd KUe,fjynf ol YvT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f
OD ;od ef ;aqGu ouf BuD ;bd k ;^bG m; rsm;tm; yl aZmfuef awmh&jcif ;ES if hywf oufí &Sif ;vif ;wifjyNyD ;
'kwd ,0ef BuD ;a'guf wmba&TuEIwfcGef;qufpum;ajymMum;
onf/ 4if ;aemuf OD ;pH vS ausmfu a'ozG H UNzd K;a&;aqmif&Guf aerI rsm;
udk &Sif;vif;wifjyNyD; bdk;^ bGm;rsm;tm; uefawmhusKd;jzif hyl aZmfuefawmhum uefawmh cHypönf;rsm;ay;tyfcJh onf/ xdkY
aemuf wuf a&muf vmonf h bd k; bG m;rsm;ud k,f pm; trS wf (3)&yfuGuf rS tbdk; OD ;bpd k;atmifu qkawmif;arw åmydk Yoí qHk;r pum;ajymMum;cJ h NyD ; tcrf ;tem;ud k ½kyf od rf ;cJh aMumif ;od&onf/
0rf aygifES if U ,efpD
tvkyform;rsm;tpk d;&½kH;ydwf&ufwkd if;
tvkyf&yfoydwfarSmufrnf atm&rf ; &ef ukef ar 3
rkH&G mc½d kif qm;vif ;BuD ;Nrd KU e,f twG if ;&S d 0rf aygifES if h ,ef pD aMu;eD pDrHu def;u krÜP Drsm ;rSjref rm tvkyf orm;rsm; tpk d ;&½kH ;yd wf&uf rsm;tm;vkH ;u tvkyf&yf
oyd wf qifET J oG m;rnfjzpf aMumif ; od&onf/
jref rmtvkyf orm;rsm;onf w½k wf tvkyf orm;rsm;ES if h vkyf c vpmwef ;wl&&S d a&;twGuf vuf&S dvkyf crS 85&mcdkifEIef; wd k;jr§ if h
awmif ;qd k&m ukrÜ PD rsm;buf rS n§ dEId if ;wd k;jr§ if hay;jcif ; r&S donf h twGuf ,ck vd kvkyf aqmif&ef pD pOfjcif ;jzpf aMumif ;jref rmtvkyf orm;
rsm;bufrS aqmif&Guf ay;vsuf&S d onfh jref rmEd kifiH tvkyform;
or*¾ csKyf tMuH ay;OD ;&efEd k if axG ;ujynf axmif pk aeY pOf od kY ajymonf/
txuf azmfjyygukrÜ PD rsm;rSjref rmtvkyf orm;rsm;onf NyD ;cJ h
onf h ar1&ufES if h ar2&uf wG ifusa&muf onf h tvkyf orm;aeUES if h
pm -23 okd Y á
tenf;qk H;vkyftm;c tvsiftjrefowfrSwfEdk if&eftxufjrefrmjynftvkyf&Sifudk,fpm;vS,frsm;aqG;aEG;
aerif;
rEÅav; ar 3 tvkyf orm;?tvkyf tud k ifES if h vl rI zl vk H a&;0ef BuD ;Xme\ tenf ; qk H ;tcaMu;aiG owf rS wfEd k if a&;ud k taxmuftuljyKEd kif&ef twGuf txufjrefrm jynf tvky f&Sifud k ,f pm;vS ,f rsm;ES if h awG Uqk H aqG ;
aEG ;yG Jud k ,aeY rEÅav;Nrd KUMRCCI cef ;rwG ifusif ;ycJ h onf/
tqdky g tcrf;tem;odkY tenf ;qkH ;tcaMu;aiG owf rS wf a&;qd kif&m trsd K;om;aumf rwD Ouú| tvkyform;? tvkyf tud kifES if h vl rI zl vkH a&;0ef BuD ;Xme
jynf axmif pk0ef BuD;wuf a&muf tzG if h trS mpum;ajymMum;cJ h onf/
]]tenf;qkH;qdkwJhtwGuf owfr Swfwmxufen f;ay;vk dU rjzpf bl ;/'D h xufyd kay;qd k&if awmh&w,f/owfrSwftwdkif;twm
xdtenf;q kH; ay;&r, fqd kwmuvJ tvkyf 0if ptvkyf orm;awG
twGufyJ qd kvd kwmyg/ uRrf ;usif rI tvd kufawmh ydkay;&rSmaygh/
'D xuf awmh avsmh ay;vd kUr&bl ;/
ten f;q kH;vkyftm;cudkvnf; twwfEdkifqkH; jrefjrefqefqef owf rS wfEd kif atmif Bud K;pm;aeyg w,f}}[kjynf axmif pk0ef BuD ;u ajymMum;onf/
jref rmEd kif iH wG if tenf ;qkH ; tcaMu;aiG qd kif&m tuf Oya'ud k 1949ckES pf rS pí jy|mef ;cJ h
aMum if ;? 19 51 ck ES pf wG if aq; jyi f;v dyfE Sifh aq;ayg hvdy f vk yfie f;qd ki f&m tenf ;q kH ; tcaMu;aiG aumif pDESif h 1952 ckES pf wG if qef puf vkyf ief ;qd k if&m tcaMu;aiG owf rS wf a&;aumif pD
zGJUpnf ;cJhaMumi f;?1993c kES pfxd tenf ;qkH ;tcaMu;aiGud k usyf 20txd om owf rS wf cJ hjcif ;jzpf aMumif ;? 2013ckES pf rwf 22&uf wG if tenf ;qkH; tcaMu;aiGud kjynf axmif pkvTwf awmfu jyif
qif owfrS wf cJ h NyD ; 2013 ckES pf ZGef 4&u fwGi f tou f0ifcJh aMumif; 4if ;uqufvuf ajym Mum;cJh onf/
ajymqdkvmMuaMumif ;? owif ; rD 'D,monf tusKd ;jyKEd kif ovd kurÇmolurÇmom; tcsif;csif;?Ekd if iH tcsif ;csif ; pnf ;½H k ;rIysufjym;
oG m;Ed kif&ef vnf ; vkyf aqmifEd kifaMumi f;? jrefrmhpme,fZif;
avmu zG H UNzd K;wkd;wuf rIaocsm cd kif rmatmif tajcwnfEdkif&ef tcsd ef r&&d ScJ h bJ pme,fZif ;vGwf vyf cG ifh&&d S cJh onf htwGuf tcsd ef vG ef aeNyD ajymEd k if aMumif ;?xd k Y twGufyd k rd k jyif qif oG m;&rS mjzpf aMumif ;?
trS ef wu,f odu© m&d S aomrD 'D ,m orm;rsm;jzpfygu trS ef wu,f aumif;rGefwdk ;wufapcsifonfh pd wf "mwfjzif h a&; om;&ef vd ktyf aMumif ;? owif ;orm;rsm;tae
jzif h td rf pmausnuf&ef vd ktyf aeNyDjzpf aMumif ;? owif ;rD 'D ,m qkd if&mtzG J Utpnf ;rsm;uG Jjym;aerIudkvnf;aygif;pnf;&efvdktyf
aMumif ; ajymMum;cJ h onf/
❑❑❑❑❑ pm-2 jynfaxmif pkrS
ck epf vomvd k awmh aMumif ;?pnf ;½k H ; a&;ud k r[mAsL[m? enf ;AsL[m csrS wf aqmif&Guf&eftxl ;rS mMum; vdkaMumif;? rdrdwdkYtcsif;csif; oH o,pd wf rxm;MubJcG if h vT wfjcif;jzif h ygwDpnf;½kH;a&;udk
us,fus,fjyef Yjyef Y aqmif&Guf Mu apvd kaMumif ; wG J zuf taxG axG
twGif;a&;rSL ; OD;odef;aZm fu vrf;nTef rS mMum;cJ h onf/
,if ;aemuf A[d ktvkyftrI aqmifOD ;vSod ef;aqG? jynf e,fygwDOuú|OD;cifarmifOD;wdkYuygwD pnf;½kH;a&;ESifhywfoufí
&S if ;vif ;wifjyMuonf/xd k Y aemufjynf e,fygwD twG if ;a&;rS L; A[d k
aumf rwD 0if OD ;ausmf aqGu jynf e,fygwD \ yuwd tajctaersm;? 2015 atmifEd k if a&;tpD trH rsm;? tjcm;ygwD \vIyf&S m;rI tajctae rsm;? Nidrf ;csrf;a&;ESifh quf pyf aqmif&Guf&rnfh tajctaeES if h
ud k,f pm;vS ,f avmif ;vsmxm;rI tajctaewd kYud k wifjyMuonf/
,if;aemuf tpnf ;ta0; wuf a&muf vmMuaom Nrd KUe,fygwD em,u?jynf e,f 0ef BuD ;rsm;?
vT wf awmf okH ;&yf rSud k,f pm;vS ,f rsm;? jynf e,f?c½d kif?Nrd KUe,fygwD aumf rwD 0if rsm;uwifjyar;jref ;
Muonf/ wifjyaqG ;aEG ;rI tay: wG JzuftaxGaxG twG if;a&;rS L;
u jyef vnf&S if ;vif ;aqG ;aEG ;NyD ;ygwD a&&S nf wnf wH h cd k ifjrJ rnf h a&S U
tpD trH aqmif&Guf csuf rsm;ud k ajymMum;í tpnf;ta0;udk nae4em&D wG if ½kyf od rf ;cJ h aMumif ; od&onf/
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
4/23
4 twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m ?PHOTO NEWS
jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmf
em,uol&OD;a&Tref;\
tar&duef
c&D;pOf
owif;jrifuGif;rsm; jynfaxmif pkvTwf awmf em,u jynf ol Y vTwf awmf Ouú| ol &OD;a&T ref ; ar 1 &uf wG if 0g&S if wef 'D pDNrd KU
Carnegie Endowment ½kH ;csKyf ü usif ;yonf h ]2015jref rma&G ;aumuf yG J qkd if&m aqG ;aEG ;yG J}wuf a&muf pOf/
jynf axmif pkvT wfawmf em,u jynf ol Y vT wf awmf Ouú| ol&OD ;a&T ref ;OD ;aqmif onf h jref rmukd ,f pm;vS ,f tzGJ U ar 1 &ufwG if 0g&S if wef 'DpD Nrd KU NDI ½kH ;csKyf ü National Democratic Institute ? National Republican Institute ESif h
National Foundation for Electoral Systems tzG J Ursm;ES if h awG UqkH pOf/
jynf axmifpkvT wf awmfem,u jynf ol YvT wfawmf Ouú| ol&OD ;a&Tref;OD ;aqmif onf h jrefrmukd ,fpm;vS,f tzGJ U ar 2 &uf wG if 0g&Sif wef'D pD NrdKU&Sd Smithsonian NationalAir and Space Museum ES ifh Freer and Sackler Galleries
rsm;wG if avh vmMunf h ½I pOf/ jynf axmif pkvT wf awmfem,u jynf olY vTwf awmfOuú|ol &OD ;a&T ref ; tar&duefEkd ifiH jrefrmoH ½kH ;a&SUwG if
qE ́jy&efapmif hqkdif ;aeMuaom jref rmwuf
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
5/23
? twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m 5REGIONAL AFFAIRS
2015 a&G;aumufyGJtcif;tusif;avUvmcsuf,refaeYrStquf
a&G;aumufyGJ rsm;ESif h or® wa&G ;cs,f a&; tzGJ U\qkH ;jzwf csuf Mum;umv okH ;vcefYumv onf ra&r&mjzpf rI rsm; BuD ;BuD ;rm;rm;jzpf ay: rnf h tcsd efjzpf vmvd rf h rnf/ wif ;rmrI rsm;jzpf vmEkd if NyD ; uef Y vef YumaemufuG ,f aph pyf n§ dEI d if ;rI rsm;
tjyif ;txefjzpf ay:vmrnf h tcsd ef jzpf vmrnf/ tmPmvT J ajymif ;rI nif ompG mjzpf ay:jcif ;&S d r&S dES if h aemuf wuf vmonf h tpd k;&onf wkd if;jynf tkyf csKyf&ef vd ktyf onf h us,fjyef Y aomaxmuf cH rI&r& od kY r[kwf ,if ;\w&m;0if rIudk tquf rjywf ar;cG ef ;xkwf cH&rI&S d r&S dqd konfud k a&G ;aumufyG J&v'ftm; us,fus,fjyef Yjyef Y vuf cHrI twkd if; twmu tqkH;tjzwfay;vdrfhrnfjzpfonf/Ed kif iH a&;jzpf pOf tay: tcd kif trmvT rf ;rd k;xm;qJjzpf onfh wyfrawmf\vuf cHEkd ifrI onfta&; tBuD ;qkH;tcsufjzpfvmzG ,f&Sd onf/ 'D rd ku&uf wpf enf ;wusa&G ;aumufyG J vkyf ief ;pOfud k axmuf cH aMumif ; umuG ,f a&;OD ;pD ;csKyfuxkwf azmf ajym Mum;cJ honf/
jrefrmEkd ifiH twGuf Mumanmif ;cuf cJ rnf h toGiful; ajymif;a&; qufvufjzpfay: jcif;umvig;ES pf rjynf h cif wG if a&G ;aumufyG J rsm;usif ;yawmhrnf/ xd ka&G ;aumufyG Jrsm;onf n§dEI d if ;
Ekd0if bmwGif usif ;yrnf h a&G ;aumuf yG J onf jref rmEkdif iH\ Ekdif iHa&;jzpf ay:wkd ;wuf rI tvS nf h tajymif ;ukd aqmif usOf ;vmvdrh f rnf [k trsm;arQmf vif hxm;Muonf h twkdif ; vuf &S d jyKjyif ajymif ;vJa&;vkyf ief ;pOf a&S UqufEkdif &ef vnf ; a&G ;aumuf yGJuta&;ygonf ukd trsm;todyif jzpf ygonf/ a&G ;aumuf yGJ tquf quf \ord kif ;aMumif ;? vuf &S da&G ;aumuf yG Jaumf r&Sif\ yGifhvif ;jrif oma&; aqmif &Guf csufrsm;? a&G ;aumufyG JumvwGif jzpf ay:vmEkdif onfh tajctaetrsKd ;rsKd ;? tmPmvT Jajymif ;rI nifompG mjzpf ay:a&;twGuf a&G ;aumuf yG J\ta&;ygykHwkd Yukd okH ;oyf wif jyxm;onfh International Crisis Group u xkwf jyefonf h Myanmar's Electoral Landscape tpD&ifcHpmukd qDavsmfatmif jyef qkdygonf / þaqmif ;yg;ukd tywfpOf t*FgaeYrSvG J í usef &ufrsm;wGif tvsOf;oif h ovkdazmf jyygrnf/
,k HMunftm;xm;avmufNyD; tm;vkH;yg0ifcGif U&aoma&G;aumufyGJrsm;jzpfvmygu wk dif;jynfonf
EdkifiHa&;vrf;aMumif;opfay:wGif&S daeonf[laom
,kHMunfcsufwnfaqmuf&eftaxmuftuljzpfEkdifonf/xd kenf;tm;jzifU jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;rsm;\t&Sdeft[kefud k tm;opfavmif;ay;Ek difonf/
vd kuf avsmrIES if h trsm;oabmwlnD rIwd kYvd ktyf onf h toG iful ;ajymif ;rI vkyf ief ;pOf wG if Ek d if iH a&; t&Nyd Kif qkd if rIES if h Ekd if iH a&;t&tpG ef ;a&muf tkyf pk zG J UrI rsm;&S d onf h tcd kuf twef Y wpf ckud kjzpf ay:apEk d if onf/ ,kHMunftm;xm;avmufNyD; tm;vkH;yg0if cGif h&aom a&G ;aumufyG Jrsm;jzpf vmygu wk d if ;jynf onf Ed k if iH a&;vrf ;aMumif ;opf ay:wG if
&S d aeonf [l aom ,kHMunf csuf wnf aqmuf&ef taxmuftuljzpfEk difonf/ xdkenf;tm ;jzifhjyKjyif ajymif ;vJ a&;rsm;\ t&S d ef t[kefud ktm;opf avmif ;ay;Ekd if onf/ tvm;wlyif Ed kif iH a&;jzpf pOfud k vrf ;aMumif ;rS ef ay:wG if ,cktcsd ef xdus,f
us,fjyef Yjyef Y&Sd aeapcJh onf hodrf arG Uaom n§ dEI d if ; oabmwlnDc sufrsm ;udk a&G;aumufyGJrsm ;u wpf enf ;wpf zkH ajymif ;vJ oG m;apEkd if onf/ yd kNyD ; wef zd k;BuD ;aom qkvmbfud kbuf tm;vkH ;&S d Ekd if iH a&;acgif ;aqmif rsm;u ES vkH ;oG if ;Muzd kY rvG J raoG vdktyfonf/
jref rmEkdif iH \a&G;aumuf yG J tcif ;tusif ; 1/ ed 'gef; 2015 ckES pf Ekd 0if bma&G;aumufyGJ onf
q,f pkES pf rsm;pG mtwG if ; ,k H Munf tm;xm;avmuf onf h yxrqkH;jynf vkH;uRwf a&G ;aumufyG Jjzpf
vmrnf h tvm;tvm&S d onf/ a&G ;aumufyG J aumf r&S ifud k ,kH Munf rI ed rf husaeonf/ od k Y aomf tjypf temtqmrsm;cJ h onf h 2010 jynf hES pf a&G ;aumufyG Jrsm;usif;ypOf wkef ;uvd kr[kwf bJ aumfr&S if onf ,k H Munf tm;xm;Ek d if avmuf onf h a&G ;aumufyGJ vkyf ief ;pOfud kvkyf aqmif ay;oGm;&ef wpd kuf rwf rwf aqmif&Guf aeykH&onf/ xd ka&G ;aumuf
yGJ rsKd ;jzpf ay:vmaprnf h Ekd if iHa&;ywf0ef;usif onf vG ef cJ h onf h ig;ES pfuxuf tajctaeaumif ; rG ef aeonf/ wpf csd ef wnf ;wG if e,f pyf a'orsm; ü y#dyu©ES if h ab;uif ;vkHjcH KrI r&S djcif ;wkd Y vuf&S djzpf ay:aejcif ;? trsKd ;om;a&;0g'jrif h wuf vmjcif ;? &cd kifjynf e,f&S d Ekd if iH om;r[kwf ao;aom ol rsm;rJ ay;cG if hjiif ;y,f cH&jcif ;?'D rd ku&uf wpfusif h pOfrsm; usif h okH;rIES if h od&Sd em;vnf rIr&S djcif ;wd kY tygt0if tm;vkH ;yg0if cG if h&S d aom a&G ;aumufyG J rsm; Nid rf ;csrf ;pG mjzpf ay:vma&;twGuf BuD ;rm; onfh pd ef ac:rI rsm;&Sd aeonf/
tajccH Oya'jy|mef;csufrsm;wG if wyf r awmf om;ud k ,f pm;vS ,f rsm;ud k Oya'jyKvT wf awmf \ud k,f pm;vS ,f av;ykH wpfykH xm;&S d&ef jy|mef ; csufES if h 59(p)onfjyif qif&ef cuf onf h jy|mef ; csufrsm;jzpf onf/
þtpD&if cH pmonf aemif ajcmuf vtMum wG ifusif ;yrnf h a&G ;aumufyG J rsm;ud k OD ;pG mavh vm
od&S dEkd if rnf h a&S ;OD ;tpD&if cH pmjzpfonf/ enf ;ynmyd k if ;t&jyif qif rI rsm;tjyifyd k rd kus,fjyef Y aomEk d if iH a&;ywf 0ef ;usifud k pd wfjzmokH ;oyf xm;onf h tpD&if cHpmjzpf onf/
2010jynfhESpf a&G;aumufyGJE Sifh 2012 ckES pf Mum;jzwf a&G ;aumufyGJ tpD&if cH pmrsm; tygt0if jref rmEkd if iH \tajctaeudk Crisis
Group u ES pf aygif ;rsm;pG m pd wfjzmokH ;oyf csufES if h jref rmEkd if iH wG if tao;pd wf okawoejyKvkyfjcif ;wd kY wG if tajccHumþtpD&if cH pmud k a&;om; xm;onf/
2/NyD ;cJ h onf h a&G ;aumuf yG J rsm;ud kjcH KikH okH ;oyf jcif ; u/ a&G ;aumuf yGJ ord kif ;aMumif ;
1948 ckES pf wG if NAdwdef xH rSvG wfvyf a&;&NyD ;aemuf jref rmEkd if iH onf ygwD pk H 'D rd kua&pD tkyf csKyf a&;q,f pkES pfumvud k jzwfoef ;cJ h&onf/ 1947ckES pf wG if a&;qG J cJ h onf hyxrqkH ;aomtajccH Oya'onf vG wf vyf a&;&NyD ;aemuf touf 0if vmonf/ xd ktajccHOya'jy|mef ;csuf twkd if; (ud k vd keD acwf vG ef tpd k;&tzG J UtwGuf ) 1947 ckES pf wG if a&G ;aumufyG Jwpf Bud rf? 1951 ckESpfwGif wpf Bud rf? 1956 ckES pf wG if wpf Bud rf a&G ;aumufyGJ rsm;usif ;ycJ h onf/
(quf vuf azmf jyygrnf )
ausmfoGifuk d
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
6/23
6 twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m ?LOCAL
trIaqmift&m&S dcsKyfESif ht,f'DwmcsKyf - 0if;wif(oD[atmif ) tkyfcsKyfrIt,f'Dwm - ,rif;
t,f'DwmtzG J Upk d;jrif hodef;? w0rf;yl? cifyefESif;? oif;oif;om? ,Of,OfvS? jynf hNzdK;Ek dif?
Munfjym? pdefwk d;? ausmfZif? 0if;xG#fouf? rif;cspfEk dif? aZmfaZmfxGef;owif;tzG J U
pGrf;&JxG#f? jynf hNzdK;atmif? ckdifxl;? ausmfol&xGef;? &JxG#f? pkrGefaxG;? jzLoif;ck dif? arpk[ef?artdrfh'gvDrGef? at;csrf;rk d;? aeZmrsdK;aqG? wifwifat;? aexufa0? a0vif;? oefYZifxGef;?rif;rif;pk d;? a0,HaZmf? tdrf hrsufjc,f? EkEkaEG? jynf hNzdK;ausmf? 0k dif;0k dif;? cs,f&Djrif h? ausmfoljrif h?
atmifatmif? armifrsdK;? pkd;pk d;pH? rsKd;rif;yd kif? rk d;pufvif;? a0a0NzdK;"mwfyk Howif;axmuf - vIdifrsdK;xGef;? zk d;csdK? oufxGef;Ek dif
bmomjyeft,f'Dwm - ausmfoGifuk duGefysLwmXmerSL; - Ek dif0if;rif;xGef;? Ek difvif;? aevif;
xkwfa0ol - OD ;wif haZmf (jrJ-01043)
refae*sm - OD;armifarmifat;yk HES dyft&m& S d - OD;pkd;oef;(NzdK;yk HES dyfwk duf) (jrJ-00443)
arwå mvrf;ESif hocifzk d;vSBuD;vrf;axmif h? 14^1 &yfuGuf?awmifOuúvmyNrdKUe,f? &efukefwk dif;a'oBuD;/
zkef;-01 8500750? 01 8500751? 01 8500752Email:[email protected]:01 8500749 Facebook:theuniondaily
ausmufyef;awmif;wG if aus;&Gm 25 &Gma&&&S da&;vkyf aqmif ay;rnf ud kae(ausmuf yef ;awmif;) ausmufyef ;awmif ; ar 3
aus;vuf a'orsm;zG H UNzd K;wkd ; wufa&;ES ifh aus;vuf aejynf
ol rsm;\ ynma&;? usef ;rma&;ES if h vl rI pD ;yG m;b0rsm; jrif h rm;wkd ; wuf apa&;wk d Y twGuf Ek d if iH awmf tpk d ;&u jynf axmif pkb@maiGjzif hb@ma&;ES pf tvk duftbuf buf rS yH hykd ;aqmif&Gufay;vsuf&Sd&m rEÅav;wkdif ;a'oBuD;
ausmufy ef ;awmif; Nr dK Ue,fü 2015-2016 b@ma&;ES pf wG if arG ;jrLa&;? a&vkyf ief ;ES if h aus; vufa'ozG HYNzdK; a&;0ef BuD;Xme
aus;vuf a'ozG H UNzd K;wk d ;wuf a&; OD ;pD ;Xme&efykH aiGjzih f aus;&G mcsif ; quf vrf ;vkyf ief ;? rD;vif ;a&; vkyf ief;? aus;vuftdrf&mESi fh a&&&S d a&;vkyf ief ;rsm;ukd u@ tvkduf wif 'gpepfjzif h taumif txnfazmf aqmif&GufoGm;rnf
jzpf aMumif ; od&onf/ aus;vuf a'ozG H UNzd K;wk d ;wuf
a&;OD ;pD ;Xme&efyk H aiGjzif h aqmif&Guf rnh f aus;vuf a&&&S d a&;vkyf ief ;
rsm;taejzih f aus;&G m 25 &Gm&S d td rf ajc 4139 td rf rS vl OD ;a& 19389 OD ;wd kYtwGuf oef Y&S if ; aomaomuf ok H ;a&ES if h pkdufysKd ;a&&&S d a&;wkd Y twGuf wG if ;wdrf okH ; wG if ;? wG if ;euf ajcmuf wG if ;? vuf wl ;wG if ;ES pf wG if ;? a&uef 12uef?
pd rf hprf ;a&oG,f ,ljcif ;wpfckESif h tjcm;vkyf ief ;wpf ck aqmif&Guf ay;rnf h tjyif aus;&G mcsif ;quf vrf ;&S pf vrf ;ES if h tvif ;a&mif&&S d
a&;twGuf qkdvmrD;vi f;a&; vkyf ief ;? aus;vuf td rf&mwpf&G m twGuf tdrf&mig;vkH;aqmuf vkyfjcif ;vkyf ief ;rsm;uk dyg aqmif&Gufay;rnfjzpfaMumif; od& onf/
■
uav;-*efha*g&xm;c&D;pOfwGif&xm;wGJqk dif;opfjzifUajymif;vJajy;qGJ
*sd K;euf uav; ar 3
uav;-*efY a*g &xm;c&D ; pOf jynf olrsm;twGuf BDTS&xm;wG J qd k if ;opf ig;wG Jyg&xm;ud k ,ckv 1 &uf eH eufyd kif ;uuav;Nrd KUbl wmrS pwif xGuf cG m
ajy;qG J aeNyDjzpf aMumif ;od&onf/&xm;rxGuf cG mrDuav;c½d k if
pD rH cef Y cG J rI aumf rwD Ouú | OD ;armif xl;u &xm ;wG Jqdk if;opfudk oajycufES if h eH Y om&nfyuf zsef ; NyD ;aemuf &xm;pwifxGufcG m cJ Y&m vd kufygvmaomc&D;onf rsm;ud k c½d kif pD rHcefY cG JrI aumfrwD
Ouú|ES if h uav;bl wmrS wm0ef&d S ol rsm;u yd kY aqmifEI wf quf tm; ay;cJ h Muonf/
uav;-*ef Y a*g ajy;qG J onf Y&xm;wG J qd k if ;opf wG if ½d k ;½d k;wef ; rsm;jzifh oyf&yfoefY&Sif ;aom xk d if ckHES if h twG J wd kif ;wG if a&? rD ;?
td rf omtjynf h tpk Hyg&S djcif ;aMumif h&xm;pD ;c&D ;oG m;jynf ol rsm;ouf aomif Y ouf ompG mESif h pd wf at; csrf;ompG m &xm;pD ;eif ;vd kufygEd k if MuNyDjzpf onf h tjyif uk ef pnfyd k Y aqmifa&;wG if vnf ; rsm;pGm taxmuftuljy Kvmrnf jzpf aMumif ; od&onf/
ewfwvif;-wmyGefum;vrf;ab;0Ĵ ,mwGif a&Ekwfajrmif;rsm;wl;azmf wif jrif h (ewf wvif ;) ewf wvif ; ar 3
yJ cl ;wkd if;a'oBuD ; om,m 0wD c½d kif ewf wvif ;Nrd KUtxGuf taemuf buf wmyG ef-rd k;nd KoG m;um;vrf ;üvrf ;ab;0J ^,mwpf avQmuf wG if wd kif ;a'oBuD ;vT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f OD ;wif h vG if \ aqG ;aEG ;wifjycsuf rsm;t& wd k if ; a'oBuD ;tpd k;&tzG J Uu 2015- 2016 ckES pf cG if hjyK&efykHaiGjzif h pwif taumif txnf azmf aqmif&Guf aeaMumif ;od&onf/
]]rd k;wG if;umvrSm wmyG ef vrf ;wpf avQmuf eJ Y Nrd KUr&yfuGuf?
&G mr&yfuGuf?ZD ;uk ef ;av;&yfuGuf awG rS m awmf awmf rsm;rsm; a&BuD ;
wJ h 'Pfud k ES pf pOf MuH KawG Uae&yg w,f/ tckvd k a&Ekwf ajrmif ;wl ; azmf ay;jcif ;tm;jzif h &yfuGuf awG
xJ rS mvJ om,mr,f/ Nrd KUtaemuf buf v,f ,majrawGvJ a&
&r,f? tqif ajywmaygh}}[k ZD ;ukef ;av;&yfuGuf rS OD ;atmif Nrd KUuajymonf/
,if ;vkyf aqmif rI wG if Nrd KUe,f qnf ajrmif ;OD ;pD ;Xmeuwm0ef ,l
aqmif&Guf onf h a&Ek wf ajrmif ;jzpf ouJ h od k Y ewf wvif ;-wmyG efum;
vrf ;yd k if ;ud k vnf ; aygif csJ UNyD ;om;jzpf oG m;aMumif ;?wl ;ajrmif ;tus,f 5ay? teuf 5ayeJ Y t&Snf ok H ;rd k if av;zmvk H&S d í rd k;rusrD NyD ; pD ;atmifaqmif&Guf oG m;rnfjzpf aMumif ; qnf ajrmif;OD;pD;XmerS wm0ef&Sd olwpf OD;u ajymMum; cJ h onf/
pufwyf,mOfESifU,mOf armif;vd kifpifrsm; uG if;qif;aqmif&Guf csif ;wG if ;om; rif ;wyf ar 3
csif; jynfe,f(awmifydki f;) rif;wy fNrdKU e,ftwGif; &Sd armf awmfum;? armf awmf qd kifu,f rsm;\ ,mOf vd kifpif oufwrf ; wdk;j cif;? ,mOfarmif;vdkifpif
topfjyKvkyf ay;jcif ;? ouf wrf ; wdk;ay;jcif ;wdkYudk ukef;vrf;ydk Y aqmifa&;ñ TefMum;rIOD;pD ;Xme (yckuúL)rS 'kwd,OD ;pD ;rS L; OD ; od ef ;at;xG ef ; OD ;aqmif aomtzG J Uu {NyD 29 &uf rS 30 &uf txd Nrd KUe,ftaxGax Gtkyfcs Kyf a&;
OD;pD ;Xmecef ;rü jyKvkyf ay;cJ h Mu onf/
tq dk ygtz GJ Yw Gi f une (yckuú L)rS 0ef xrf ;ck epf OD ;? jref rmh tmrcH vkyf ief ;(yckuú L)rS 0ef xrf ; wpf OD ;? vkyf ief ;vd kif pifES if h o,f ,lyd kY aqmifa&;nd§EI d if ;BuD;Muyf rI
XmecG J (yckuúL)rS 0efxrf ;wpfOD ; wd kYyg0if NyD ; ,mOf oufwrf ;wd k;jcif ;vkyf ief ;wG if armf awmfum; oH k;pD ;? armf awmf qd kifu,f 139 pD;? ,mOfarmif ;vdkifpiftop f 205 tkyf? ouf wrf ;wd k ;jcif ; 41 tkyf jyKvkyf ay;Edkif cJ honf/
,mOfES ih f ,mOf armif ;vkd if pif rsm;ud k ,ckuJ h od kY Nrd KUe,f twG if ;uG if ;qif ;aqmif&Guf ay;jcif ;jzih fyckuú LNrd KUod kY oG m;a&mufjyKvkyf& onf h ukefusp&d wf xuf rsm;pG m ouf omaomaMumih f jynf ol rsm; 0rf ;omvsuf&Sd MuNyD; ,if ;tzG JU
onf ,ckv 1 &uf wG if rwlyD Nrd KUod k Y vkyf ief ;aqmif&Guf&ef quf vuf xGuf cG moG m;MuaMumif ;od& onf/
■
rif;rif ;vwf(ref ;wuúod kvf)
v,f a0; ar 3 vQyf ppf pG rf ;tm;0ef BuD ;Xmeu
taumif txnf azmfwnf aqmuf aeonfh 500auA GD rdwD¬vm (oajy0)-aejynf awmf-awmif il
r[m"mwftm;vd kif;rvGwfuif;aomv,fa0;NrdKYe,f&S d
v,fajrrsm;tm;avsmfaMu;ay;tyf
r[m"mwf tm;vd kif ;wkd if ae&mES if h
csOf ;uyf vrf ;rsm; wnf aqmuf rI aMumifh rvG wfuif ;onf hv,f ajrrsm;twGuf avsmf aMu;aiG ay; tyfjcif ;ud k ,ckv 1&uf eH euf 9em&Du v,f a0;Nrd KUe,f taxG
axG tkyf csKyf a&;OD ;pD ;Xme tpnf ; ta0;cef ;rü usif ;yonf/
tqd kygv,f ,majravsmf aMu; rsm;udk vQyf ppf pG rf ;tm;0ef BuD; XmerS pD rHud ef ;ref ae*smOD ;oef ;a&T acgif ;aqmif onf h oD ;ES H ^ajr,m avsmf aMu;ay;a&;tzG J UES if h Nrd KUe,f v,f ^pD Ouú|OD ;vS a&S mifES if h tzG J U 0if rsm;?Nrd KUe,f zG H UNzd K;a&;taxmuf tuljyKaumf rwD Ouú |ES if h tzG J U0if rsm;? aus;&G mv,f ^pD tzG J Ursm; yl ; aygif ;n§ dEI d if ;í v,f a0;Nrd KUe,f
twGif ;& Sd aus;&Gm ckep f&G mrS awmif ol 91 OD ;tm; aiGusyf od ef ; 36294360udk awmifol wpf OD ;csif ;xH ay;tyf cJ h aMumif ; od&onf/
avab;oif Ujynfolrsm;ud k u,fq,fa&;ypönf;rsm;ay;tyf owif ;rif ;om;
td rf rJ ar 3 tdrfrJNrdKU e,ftaxGaxGtkyf csKyf a&;OD ;pD ;Xme a&Tjynf wG if cef ;r ü ,ckv 1&uf nae 4 em&D wG if Nrd KUe,f Muuf ajceD toif ;u avab;oif hjynf ol rsm;ud k u,f q,f a&;ypö nf ;rsm;ay;tyf cJ h aMumif ; od&onf/
{NyD 23&uf nae 4em&Du
wd kuf cwf oG m;cJ h aom rd k ;ouf av
jyif ;aMumif h td rf rJ Nrd KUe,f a&od k; anmif 0d k if ;aus;&G mrS Nyd Kysuf onf h td rf 10vH k ;? trd k ;vefud k ;vH k;? xd ef il aus;&GmrS Nyd Kysuf td rf 13vH k;? txufyd k if ;&yfuGuf rS Nyd Kysuf td rf ckepf vH k;? td rf trd k;vef 14vH k; pk pk aygif ; avab;oif h td rf axmif pk 53pktm; u,f q,f a&;ypö nf ; rsm;ay;tyf cJ h&m Nyd Kysuf onf h td rf
axmif pkrsm;twGuf rd om;pkwpf
ud k,f a&oH k;ypö nf ;wpfyH k;? td rf aqmufypö nf;wpfxkyf? apmifESpfxnf? wmay:vifESpfcsyf? td rf trd k ;vef onf h td rf axmif pk rsm; tm; rdom;pkwpfudk,fa&oHk;ypö nf ;wpfyH k;? td rf aqmufypö nf ; wpf xkyf? apmif wpf xnf? wm ay:vif wpf csyf wkd Yud k toD ;oD; ay;tyf cJ h aMumif ;od&onf/
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
7/23
? twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevFm 7AGRICULTURE
cifOD;NrdKYe,fü pk dufysdK;a&twGufig;aygufa&wGif;wl;rnf Uawmif ol 60 ud k ESpfvufryk dufrsm;axmufyH U
cif OD ;pd k;a0 cif OD ; ar 3
ppfuk d if ;wk d if ;a'oBuD ; tpk d ;& tzJ G Uupk dufysd K;a&twGufig;ayguf a&wG if ;wl ;rnf h awmif ol 60
tm; ay 20 &S d aom ES pf vuf ryk duf vkH ;rsm; axmufyH Y ay;tyfyJ Guk d {NyD 30 &uf rG ef ;vJ G 2 em&Du
cif OD ;Nrd KU taxG axG tkyfcsKyf a&; OD;pD ;Xme tpnf ;ta0;cef ;rüjyKvkyfcJh&m NrdKUe,ftaxmuf tuljyKtzJ G Y &yf ^aus;tkyf csKyf a&; rS L;rsm;ES if h pma&;rsm;wuf a&muf
cJh Muonf/ tcrf ;tem;wG if Nrd KUe,f pDrH
cefY cJG rI aumf rwD Ouú| OD ;&mZm
at;u trSmpum;ajymMum;NyD ; Nrd KUe,f pkdufysd K;a&;OD ;pD ;rS L; OD ;pkd ; atmifu ig;ayguf a&wG if;rsm; wl ;azmfjcif ;jzif h pkdufysd K;oD ;ES H rsm; a&tcuf tcJrSausmf vTm;Ed kifNyD; pkdufysd K;a&vkH avmuf pG m&&S d ojzif h oD;ES Hrsm; atmifjrifjzpf xGef ;Edkif aMumif ; &S if ;vif ;ajymMum;onf/
tqkdygtcrf ;tem;wG if pk dufysd K;a&twGuf ig;ayguf a&wG if ; wl ;azmf rnf h awmif ol wpf OD ;vQif ay 20 &S d aom ES pf vuf rykduf 27 vkH ;EI ef ;jzifh awmif ol 60 twGufaxmufyh H ay;tyf aMumif ;? quf vuf NyD ; awmif ol 40 ukd vnf ; xyf rH axmufyH Y ay;oG m;
rnfjzpf aMumif; od&onf/
rtlyifNrdKUe,fawmifolrsm;od k Y
pd kufuGif;ajrrsm;jyefvnfvT Jajymif; Nzd K;armif aZmf (rtlyif ) rtlyif {NyD 3
{&m0wD wkdif ;a'oBuD; rtlyif c½dkif rtlyifNrd KUe,ftwGif ;&dS v,f ,mpd kufysKd ;a&;ES if h qnf ajrmif ;0ef BuD ;Xme\ oH kBud Kif pd kufuG if ;? xef ;yif auG Uta&S Upd kufuG if ;rsm;rS ajrrsm;tm; rl vvkyfud k if cG if h& awmif ol rsm;od kY jyef vnf vT J ajymif ;ay;tyfyG J tcrf ;tem;ud k {NyD 30&uf eH euf 10 em&Du rtlyif Nrd KUe,f taxG axG tkyf csKyf a&;OD ;pD ;Xme½H k;tpnf ; ta0;cef ;rwG if usif ;yonf/
tcrf ;tem;wG if {&m0wD wk d if ;a'oBuD ;tpd k ;&tzG J U vrf ;yef ;quf oG ,f a&;0ef BuD ; OD ;oef ;xG ef ;u trS mpum;ajymMum;NyD ; rtlyif Nrd KUe,f ajrpm&if ;OD;pD ;rS L; OD ;wif 0if ;u jyef vnfvT Jajymif ;ay;tyf rItajc taeud k &S if ;vif ;onf/ quf vuf í vrf ;yef ;quf oG ,f a&;0ef BuD ; OD ;oef ;xG ef ;u oH kBud Kif aus;&G mtkyf pk oH kBud Kif pd kufuG if ;rS 336 {u twGuf awmif ol rsm;ud k,f pm; oH k Bud Kif av;&G mtkyf csKyf a&;rS L;od k Y vnf ; aumif ;? wmywf ta&S Uav;&G mtkyf pk xef ;yif auG Upd kuf cif ;rS {u 200 twGuf awmif ol rsm;ud k,f pm; wmywf ta&S Uaus;&G mtkyf csKyf a&;rS L; od kY vnf;aumif ; jyefvnf vT J ajymif ;ay;tyf cJ h aMumif ; od&onf/
jrpfajca'o jrif;0ef;e,fwpf0ef; Armaq;pd kufysKd;rItm;aumif;a'ocHjynfolwd k Y vlaerItqif hjrif hwuf
a&mif ;aps;&Sd onf/ ]]uRef awmf wdkUaq;awGud k tcsdefeJY a&mif ;& w,f/ tvG wf 0,f wmrsm;w,f/ aq;zd keJ U0,f vd kU&Sd&if aq;vdyf cHkawG tBudKufenf;Muw,f/yckuúL - jrif ;jcH - [oFmw- ajrmif ;jr-&efukef txdvma&muf 0,f ,l Muw,f}} [k jrif;0ef ;&Gmom;wpf OD;uajymonf/ Armaq;rsm;tm ; rIdufyif
ukef ;? Nrd KUcif ;om? eef ;awmf&yf? o&ufyif pk?vufyHyifuk ef ;? r,f ZvDyifukef;? wif ;*wf? uH vS ponfh aus;&Gmaygif ; 40^50 cef Upd kufysKd ;Muonf/ jrif ;0ef ;e,f wG if ,cifu ukvm;aq;rsm; (Am;*sD;eD ;,m;aq;) pd kufysKd ;Mu onf/ tpd k;&u 0,f ,ljcif ;enf ; í vnf ;aumif ;? aq;aygif ;½H k od k U
ydkYí aq;aygif;&jcif;aMumifh vnf ;aumif; ukvm;aq;pd kufysKd ;jcif ;rsm; enf ;oG m;&aMumif ; od&onf/
Armaq;rsm;ud k uk ef ;ü pd kufysKd ;ygu pd kuf csd ef rd k;vd ktyf onf/ aemufyd kif ;wG if a&oG if ;í atmifjrifjzpf xGef ;onf/ a&0if aomuRef ;ajrwGif pd kufysKd ;u rd k;rvd k tyf ay/ aq;yif pd kufysKd ;vQif oH k ; ayywfvnfjcm;í pd kufysKd ;Mu& onf/ uRef ;aq;yif onf t&Gufyd krdkBuD ;xG m;onf/ aq;wpfyifud k t&Guf 10 &Guf ,l onf/ aq;yif\tnGefUudk csK d;yp f& onf/ ]]acgif ;csKd ;w,f vdkY ac:ygw,f/ aq;zl ;pd wf w,f vd kUvJ ac:Muygw,f/aq;&Guf BuD ;rsm;&S if oef atmif vd kYyg/ tpd rf ;t&Guf
wd kif ;a&mif ;&if wpfyd óm usyf 160 aps;&S dygw,f/ Armaq;u ig;&ufaevSef;NyD;&if t&dyf xJ a&TUvdkU&yg NyD/ aps;uGufvJ0i f oG m;NyD}}[k OD ;atmif aX;uajym onf/
csif ;wG if ;-{&m qH k&me,f ajr rsm;wG if bmvD aq;ud k pdkufysKd ; Muonf/ bmvD aq;onf t&dyf xJ vS ef ;&onf/ rsm;rsm;pd kuf vQif rsm;rsm;t&dyf&atmif taqmuf ttH krsm;rsm;aqmuf&onf/ Am; *sD ;eD ;,m;aq;onf vnf; aq; aygif ;½H kod kYyd kUNyD ;rS aps;uGuf0if onf/ vuf vnf ;0if í xif ; vnf ;ukef onf/ od k Ujzpf íyckuú L -jrpfajcMum;e,fwpf0dkufwGif Armaq;udkom pdkufy sKd;xkwf vkyfMuaMumif ; od&onf/
aus;&Gmcsif;qufvrf;zGifUyGJ ZrfyD;aus;&G mwGifusif;y
csif ;wG if ;om; wG ef ;ZH ar 3
2014-2015 b@ma&;ES pf twG if ; csif ;jynf e,f e,f pyf a&;&m0ef BuD ;Xme wG ef;ZH Nrd KUe,f
e,fpyf a'oESif h wdkif;&if ;om; vl rsd K; rsm;zG H UNzd K;wkd ;wuf a&;OD ;pD ; Xme&efyH kaiGjzif h aqmif&Guf aom wmvf tuf-wD G ;wmef Zef-ZrfyD ;- qdki fyD;r Gmvf-rmtd k0rf-usDc g;
vrf ;t&S nf 21 rd kif vrf ;wmcsJ Ujcif ;vkyf ief ;ud k csif ;a&TjrukrÜ PD vD rd wufuwm0ef ,l aqmif&Guf cJ Y&m vkyf ief ;tm;vH k ; &mEI ef ;jynf h NyD ;pD ;ojzif h {NyD 20 &uf wG if Zrf ;yD ;aus;&G mtkyf pk tqd kygrk cf OD ; a&SUü wGef ;ZH NrdKUe,f trsdK;om; vT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f OD ;ed ef ; cif ;aygif? &J rSL;BuD ;OD ;jrif h vI d if?
Nrd KY e,fjynf ol Y aqmuf vkyf a&;OD ;pD ; Xme vuf axmuf tif *sif eD ,m OD ;vS rif ;xef? Nrd KUe,f aus;vuf OD ;pD ;rS L; OD ;vT ef qef ;wkd Yu zJ Bud K;jzwfzG if h vS pfay;cJh onf/
avab;oif h tdrfaxmifpkrsm;udkypönf;ES if h tvSLaiGrsm;axmufyH h vS 0if ;(ewf armuf) ewf armuf ar 3
avjyif ;wd kuf cwf rI aMumif h td rfacgifrd k;rsm; ysuf pD ;cJ haom ewf armuf Nrd KUe,fyif ;a*G ;csd Ktkyf pkyif ;Nrd KUaus;&G m? p&H td kif h aus;&G m? vuf ckyfyif aus;&G mES if h oifyef; awmaus;&G mrsm;&d S td rf axmif pk rsm;od kU ypö nf;ES ifhtvS LaiGrsm;
axmufyhHay;tyfvSL'gef;onfh tcrf ;tem;ud k ,ckv 1 &uf rGef;vJ G 2 em&Du yif ;Nrd KU&GmOD; bkef ;awmf BuD ;ausmif ;"r® m½H kwG ifusif ;ycJ Y onf/
ewf armuf Nrd KUe,f yif ;a*G ;csd K tkyf pktwGif ;&dS aus;&Gmav;&G m rS trdk;vefysuf pD ;cJ Y aom tdrf axmif pk 59 pk twGuf ypö nf ;ES if h tvSLaiG rsm;axmufyhHay;onfh tcrf ;tem;ud k rauG ;wd kif ;a'o BuD;tpd k;&tzJ GU vl rIa&;0efBuD ; OD ;atmif ausmf rif ;u tzG if h trS m pum;ajymMum;NyD ; rauG ;wd kif ;
a'oBuD ;vl rI 0ef xrf ;?u,f q,f a&;ESifhjyefvnf ae&mcsxm;a&; OD ;pD ;Xme nT ef Mum;a&;rS L;OD ;&J rif ; oef Uu avab;oif hjynf ol rsm; tm;axmufyh Hypö nf ;ay;tyf&jcif ;
ES if hywf ouf NyD ; &S if ;vif ;aqG ;aEG ; ch J onf/ xd kUaemuf rauG ;wd kif ; a'oBuD ;tpd k ;&tzG J Uvl rI a&;0ef BuD ;ES if h rauG ;wd kif ;a'oBuD; vl rI 0ef xrf ;?u,f q,f a&;ES if hjyef vnf ae&mcsxm;a&;OD;pD;Xme nTef Mum;a&;rS L;wdk Uu yif;a*G;cs dK aus;&G mtkyf pk tkyf csKyf a&;rS L;ud k avab;oif hjynf ol rsm;uk d ,f pm;
ypö nf ;ES if htvS LaiG rsm; ay;tyf ch J onf/ td rf axmif pkrsm;twGuf vS L'gef;axmufyh Hch Jaom tvS L aiG rS mpk pk aygif ;aiGusyf 2950000udk vSL'gef ;ul nD ch J onf/
ajratmufa&jzih f odyÜ Hajymif;pd kufysdK;atmifjrif
rauG ;vS jrih f rauG ; ar 3
rauG ;Nrd KUe,f rS awmif ol rsm; onf aqmif ;oD;ESHtjzpf ajr atmuf a&jzihf &uf 90 ouf wrf ;&S d aomodyÜ H ajymif ;ud k prf ;oyf pd kufysd K;Mu&m txGufEI ef ;aumif ; NyD ; ajymif ;zl ;rsm;ud k aps;uGuf od kY a&mif ;csEkd if ouJh odkY ajymif;yifudk EG m;pmtjzpf a&mif;cs&aom aMumihf aEG&moDEGm;pm&Sm;c sdef wG if vuf rvnf atmif a&mif ;cs ae&aMumif ; jrif ;uif ;aus;&G mrS ajymif ;zl ;pd kufysd K;aom awmif ol wpf OD ;uajymonf/
]]odyÜ H ajymif ;rsd K;aygh okH ;v ajymif;? &uf 90 qkd&if cl;NyD ;
a&mif ;Ed kif w,f/ ajymif ;wpf zl ;
usyf 100 eJ Y ajymif ;cif ;xJ xd vm0,f w,f/ odyÜ H rsd K;rS m tjzLeJ Y tnd K ES pf rsd K;&S d w,f/ a&wG if ;wl ; NyD ; a&oG if ;pd kuf wm odyÜ H ajymif ;u a&ay;aumif ;&if wpf tm;zl ; wm tzl ;wpf zl ;ud k wpf awmif avmuf&S d w,f/ ajymif ;yifuvJ vl wpf&yf avmufjrih f w,f/ wpfyifud kES pf zl;? okH ;zl ;xGuf w,f/ ajymif ;rsm;rsm; pd kuf wJ h vlawG qd k&ifpD ;yG m;a&;aumif ;vmMuw,f/EG m;pmtwGuf ajymif ;wpf pnf ;ud k aiGusyf 100 ay;0,f Muw,f/ 'D ajymif ;u EG m;wpf tm;Bud Kuf NyD ; 0w,f/ odyÜ H ajymif ;rsd K;pd kuf r,f qd k&if ajrjyif wJ h tcg aygif ;jruf awG ajymif aeatmif&S if ;zd k Y vd k w,f/ odyÜ H ajymif ;rsd K;aphu wpf bl ;usyf
10000 ausmf ay;&w,f/xG ef NyD ;
wmeJ Yyuf MuJ Muw,f/ wG if;a&udk armfwmeJYpkyfNyD; ajymif twkdif; vTwfay;/ &ufowåywf twG if ; tyif ayguf w,f/ tyif 'l ;qpf avmuf tjrih f rS m a&ud k Ek d if atmif vT wf ay;/ &uf 90jynh f vmwJ h tcg tzl ;awG Nrd Kif vm NyD ; cl ;vd kYud krEkd if bl ;/ 'D ajymif ;u tzsufyd k;uswmrawG U&bl ;/ ajr MoZmvJtenf ;i,f avmuf xnh f ay;Ek d if&if aumif ;w,f/ wpf {u pd kuf&if tusdK;tjrwf okH ;od ef ; ausmfjrwf w,f/ pd kufysd K;p&d wf vJ odyf r&S d bl ;/ odyÜ H ajymif ;updkuf oih fygw,f/ oMum;ajymif ;qkd wm acwfukef oG m;NyD/ odyÜ H rsdK; awG pd kuf Muwm}}[k ¤if ;uajym onf/
■
a&T nmudkudk yckuúL ar 3
yckuúLES if h 12 rd kif cef UuG ma0; aomjrif ;0ef ;e,f ajrwpf 0ef ;wG if Armaq;pd kufysKd ;rI tm;aumif ;jzpf xG ef ;vsuf&S d onf/ Armaq;ud k oD wif ;uRwf vü pd kufysKd ;Mu NyD ; waygif ;vü Nzd KifNzd Kif ay: onf/ wpfyif oH k;usyf rS ig;usyf&S d onf/ wpf{u tyif 6000 pd kufysKd ;MuaMumif; od&onf/jrif;0ef;&GmwGif Armaq;pdkuf {u 20 tenf ;qH k;&S d onf/ wpf {upd kufysKd ;p&d wf usyf oH k;od ef ; cefUukef aMumif; aq;awmif ol wpf OD ;uajymonf/
wpf {u tcsd ef 1000 ausmf xGuf NyD ; wpfyd ómusyf 13000
L O C A L
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
8/23
8 twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m?USDP
rd k;n§if;NrdKUe,f [Jvk Haus;&G mwGif ygwDqd kif;bkwfwif auqkd if ;aemf (zm;uef Y ) rd k;n§ if ; ar 3
ucsifjynf e,f rd k;n§if ;Nrd KU
e,f [J vkHaus;&G mtkyf pk jynf axmifpkMu Hhckdif a&;ESihfzGHUNzdK ;a&;ygwD\ jref rm? &S rf ;ES pfbmomjzih f a&;om;xm;aom ygwD qk d if ; bkwf wifyG J tcrf ;tem;ud k,ckv 1 &uf eHeuf 8 em&D wG if tqdkygaus;&G mpnf ;½kH ;a&;rS L;aetd rf üusif ;ycJ h&m a'ocH&S rf ;wkd if ;&if ; om;tBuD ;tuJ wpfOD ;u 2015 a&G ;aumufyG J wG if jynf ckd if Nzd K;ud k axmuf cH rnf [k xkwf azmf ajym
Mum;cJ honf/ tcrf;tem;odkY ygwDA[dk
aumfrwD 0if jynf ol Y vT wf awmfudk,f pm;vS ,f OD;ausmfpkd ;av;
onf trsd K;om;vT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f OD ;pd k if ;wif atmif? c½d k if ^ Nrd KUe,fygwD aumfrwD 0if rsm;ES ihf twl wuf a&muf cJ h Mu&m a'ocHucsif? &S rf ;vl rsd K;rsm;u wkd if ;&if ; om;½d k;&m,Of aus;rI twD ;trI wf tursm;jzih f pnfum;od kuf Nrd Kuf
pG m Bud Kqd kcJh Muonf/ tqd kyg ygwD qd kif ;bkwfud k
aus;& Gmtkyfpk pnf;½k H;a&;rSL; OD ;pdkif ;wif vS? ucsif&yf rd&yf z
OD;tif 'G wf a&S mif? &S rf ;&yf rd&yf z OD ;pd kif ;atmif ol wkd Yu zJ Bud K;jzwf zG ih f vS pf ay;cJ h NyD ; Nrd KUe,fygwD wG J zuf twG if ;a&;rS L;OD ;vrk d ifES ih f Nrd KUe,fygwDaumf rwD0if OD;cg;rkd ifwd kYuaus;&G maomuf okH ;a&vkyf ief ; twGuf ygwDud k,f pm; usyf ig; od ef ; axmufyH h vS L'gef ;cJ h aMumif ; od&onf/
]]jynf ckd ifNzd K;ygwDu vuf awGUtusd K;jyKaevd kY 2015 a&G ; aumufy GJr Sm jynfc kdi fNz dK;udk axmuf cH rS myg}}[k a'ocH&Srf ; wk d if ;&if ;om;wpf OD ;uajymonf/
&ef ukefwkd if ;a'oBuD ; arSmf bD Nrd KUe,f trS wf (1)&yf uG uf ajrZif ;awm&&d yf omcG J tmaomuausmif ;wG if jynf axmif pk MuH h cd kif a&;ES ih f zG H UNzd K;a&;ygwD 'kwd ,Ouú| OD ;aX;OD ;? a':eD eD 0if ; rd om;pk? Nrd KUe,f jynf ck d if Nzd K;ygwD ES ih f tvS L&S if rsm;u oH Cmtyg;70 ud k uqkefvjynh faeY eH euf 9 em&D wG if oyd wfqG rf ;
avmif ;vSLMu&m tvS L&Sif rd om;pkud k,f pm; ygwD A[dkaumf rwD 0if trsdK;om;vT wf awmf ud k,fpm;vS ,f OD ;aqGatmif? Nrd KUe,f ygwD aumf rwD 0if rsm;? &yf ^aus;ygwD aumf rwD 0if rsm; u avmif ;vS LMupOf/ Ed kif vif;(arS mfbD )
trsKd;orD;rsm;trsKd;bmom,Ofaus;rIjr§ifUwifa&;aqG;aEG;a[majym vm;½I d;av; vm;½I d ; ar 3
&S rf ;jynf e,f (ajrmufykd if;)jynfaxmif pkMuH h cd kif a&;ES ifh zHG UNzd K; a&;ygwDESif h trsd K;orD;a&;&m tzJ GUrS BuD ;rS L;usif;yaom trsdK; orD ;rsm; trsd K;bmom,Of aus; rIjr§ if h wif a&; aqG ;aEG ;a[majymyJ G tcrf ;tem;ud k jynf e,f jynf cd kif Nzd K;½Hk;cef ;rü usif ;ycJ h onf/
aqG ;aEG ;a[majymyJ G od kY jynf cd k if Nzd K;ygwD trsd K;orD ;a&;&mtzJ G Ujref rmEd kif iH&J rd om;pk? trsKd ;orD ; a&;&m? jre frmtrsK d;orD;E Sifhuav;rsm;b0jr§ if h wif a&;toif ;?ukovor*D ¾ 0wf&Gwf toif;?&yf ^aus;trsd K;orD ;a&;&mtzJ G Ursm; pkpkaygif;ti ftm; 80 ausmf wufa&muf cJ hMuonf/
tcrf ;tem;wG if a&S ;OD ;pGm aqG ;aEG ;a[majymrnf h q&mav; a':Z0eÓPD \ud k ,f a&;tusOf ;udk jynf e,fygwDaumf rwD0ifjynfe,ftrsKd;orD;a&;&mtzJGU a'gufwmeef;udefazmif;wpfu zwf Mum;&S if ;vif ;NyD ; q&mav;
a':Z0eOmPDu trsKd ;orD ;rsm; trsKd ;bmom,Of aus;rIjr§ if h wif a&;acgif;pOfjzif h aqG ;aEG ;a[m Mum;NyD; wufa&mufvmol rsm;u jyef vnfaqG ;aEG;ar;jref;Mu onf/
oD v&S if q&mav; a':Z0e
ÓPD onf Ak '&̈dyf om(rl v) rif ;uG ef ; aZw0ef r[mowdy|mefur® |mef ;ausmif ;wd kufawmif BuD ; Nrd KUrSjzpf NyD ; oD&d vuF mEkdif iH wGif
Ph.D (Buddhism - Thesis)
wuf a&muf aeoljzpf aMumif ; od&onf/
wuf ae0if ; a&T bd k ar 3
ppfukd if ;wd kif ;a'oBuD ; a&T bd k c½d kif jynf axmif pkMuH h cd kif a&;ES if h zG H Y Nzd K;a&;ygwDu BuD ;rS L;usif ;yaom a&G ;aumufyG J ref ae*sm vkyf ief ;cG if oif wef ;zG if hyG J tcrf;tem;udk {NyD 27 &uf eH euf 8 em&Du a&T bd kNrd KU oD [&mZmcef;rü usif ;yonf/
tqd kygtcrf ;tem;od k Y ppfud k if ;wd k if ;a'oBuD ; jynf axmif pk MuH h cd k if a&;ES if h zG Y H Nzd K;a&;ygwD twG if ;a&;rS L; trsKd ;om;vT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f a'guf wm0if ;jrih f atmif? wdkif ;a'oBuD ;ygwD
aumf rwD 0if OD ;atmifud k pH? a&T bd k c½d k if ygwD Ouú| OD ;xG ef ;ud kuk dESifh c½dkifygwD aumf rwD0ifrsm;? NrdKUe,fygwDOuú|rsm;ESifh oif wef ;om;^oifwef;ol rsm; wufa&muf Muonf/
oif wef ;zG if hyG J tcrf ;tem;wG if ppfud k if ;wd k if ;a'oBuD ; jynf axmif pkMuH h cd kif a&;ES ifh zGH UNzd K;a&;ygwDtwG if ;a&;rSL; trsd K;om; vT wf awmfud k ,f pm;vS ,f a'guf wm0if ;jrih f atmifu tzG if h trS m pum;ajymMum;NyD ; {NyD 27 &uf rS ar 1 &uf txd ig;&uf Mumumvtxd oif wef ;om; 70 jzih f zG if h vS pf cJ h onf/ ppfud k if ;wd k if ; a'oBuD ;twG if;&S d usefc½d kif&Spf c½d kif wGif vnf ; quf vuf zG if hvSpf oG m;rnfjzpf aMumif; od&onf/
c½dk ifjynfaxmifpkMuH h cdkif a&;ES if h zGHUNzdK;a&;ygwD a&G;aumufyG Jrefae*smvkyf ief;cGifoifwef;zGif h
jrefatmifjynfck difNzdK;ygwD trsdK;orD;a&;&mvlxkawGYqHkyGJusif;y ae0if ;aZmf (jrefatmif ) jrefatmif ar 3
{&m0wD wkdif ;a'oBuD ; jref atmif Nrd KUe,f jynf axmif pkMuH h ck d if a&;ESif h zG H UNzd K;a&;ygwD ½H k; tpnf ; ta0;cef ;rwG if ,ckv 1 &uf ü trsKd;or D;a&;&mvlx kawGUqHky GJ wpf&yf usif ;ycJ h onf/
awGUqHkyGJw Gif obmywd tjzpf jref atmifjynf ckd if Nzd K;ygwD Nrd KUe,fygwD aumf rwD 0ifa':,Ofjrwf olu aqmif&Guf NyD ; obm
ywd tzG J U0if rsm;tjzpf jref atmif NrdKU e,f trsdK;orD;a&;&mtz GJU twG if ;a&;rS L;ES if h rd cifES if huav; apmif h a&S muf a&;toif ;rS wm0ef&Sd olwpf OD;pDu aqmif&GufcJ h Mu
onf/ a&S ;OD ;pG m obmywdu tzGifh trSmpum;ajymMum;jcif; ? [omF wc½d kif ygwD aumf rwD 0if a'guf wmoef ;xG #fu EI wf cGef ; quf pum;ajymMum;jcif;? {&m 0wDwkdif;a'oBuD; vTwfawmfud k,f pm;vS ,f Nrd KUe,fjynf ckd if Nzd K;ygwD twG if ;a&;rS L; OD ;atmif 0if ; aqGu trsd K;orD ;a&;&m vl xk awG UqH kyG Jusif ;y&jcif ;ES if hywf ouf í &Sif ;vif;aqG ;aEG;jcif;wd kYud k aqmif&Guf MuNyD; jref atmifNrdKU e,f trsd K;orD ;a&;&mtzG J UtwG if ;
a&;rS L; a':cif rmMunfu trsKd ; orD;a&;&mtzG J U zG J Upnf ;&jcif ;ESifh tzGJ U\vkyf aqmifcsuf rsm; tm; &Sif ;vif ;jcif ;? jref rmEdkif iH&J wyf zG J UrS Nrd KUr&J pcef ;rS L; 'k&J rS L;
armif armif wmu trsd K;orD ;rsm; tMurf;zufrIESifh vlukeful;r I wk duf zsuf a&; od aumif ;p&mrsm;ES if h,mOf pnf ;urf ;vrf ;pnf ;urf ; qk d if&mrsm;tm; &S if ;vif ;wifjyNyD ;jref atmif Nrd KUe,f Oya'½H k ;rS Oya' t&m&S d OD ;jrif h od ef ;u trsd K;orD ; rsm;tcG if h ta&;qk d if&m Oya'rsm; taMumif;wd kYud k tus,f w0if h aqG;aEG;ay;cJ h NyD ; eH eufyd kif ;wG if tcrf ;tem;ud k acwå&yf em;vd kuf onf/
rG ef ;vG Jyd k if ;awG UqH kyG J tm; quf
vufusif;y&m [omFwc½k difjynfckdifNzdK;ygwD aumfrwD0if
a'guf wmoef ;xG #fu trsKd ;orD ; rsm;usef ;rma&;qk d if&m od aumif ; p&mrsm;ES if h tem*wftrsKd ;orD ;
acgif ;aqmif aumif ;?rd cif aumif ; rsm;qkdif&mudpö wkdYukd aqG ;aEG ;cJ h onf/ xkd Y aemuf Group Discus-
sion rsm;jzif h tkyf pkav;pkcGJum aqG ;aE G;y GJrs m;u dk qufvufusif ;ycJ h&m tzG J U(1)rS 2015 a&G ; aumufyG JES if h trsKd ;orD ;rsm;tcef ;u@? tzG J U(2)rS tem*wf acgif ; aqmifrsm;ESifh trsdK ;orD;r sm; tcef ;u@? tzG J U(3)rS &yfuGufES ifh aus;&Gmtky fpk vlrIa&;tzGJU tpnf;rsm ;ESifh trsdK;orD;rsm; tcef ;u@ES if h tzG JU(4)rS trsKd ;
bmomomoemapmif h a&S muf a&;ESifh trsKd ;orD;rsm;tcef;u@ wkd Yud k awG UqH kyG J wuf a&muf vm Muaom ukd ,fpm;vS,f rsm;u aqG ;aEG ;cJ h MuaMumif ; od&onf/
a rmif pdef 0if ; &ef ukef ar 3
&efukef wd kif ;a'oBuD ; &efukef taemufyd kif ;c½d kif ausmuf wH wm; Nrd KUe,f jynf cd kif Nzd K;ygwD rS OD ;aqmif í Nrd KUe,f twG if ;&S d touf (80) txuf ouf BuD ;&G ,f tdk tbdk;? tbG m;rsm;tm; aiGusyf 15 od ef ; wef zd k;&S d aiG om;tygt0if vS LzG ,f 0w¬ Kypö nf ;rsm;ES if h tm[m&rsm;ul nD axmufyH h ay;tyf vS L'gef ;jcif ;ud k trS wf (7)&yfuGuf&S d qdyfurf ; om"r®m½Hkü ,ref aeY eH euf 9 em&Du jyKvkyf cJ h onf/
tqd kygouf BuD ;&G ,ftd k tbd k;? tbG m;rsm;tm; ulnDaxmufyHh ay;tyf vS L'gef ;jcif ;ud k Nrd KUe,fygwD twG if ;a&;rS L;? jynf ol UvT wf awmfud k,f pm;vS ,f OD ;pd k;0if ;ES if h vT wf awmf toD ;oD ;rS ud k ,f pm;vS ,f awmf
rsm;? Nrd KUe,f? &yfuGufygwD aumf rwD 0if rsm;? &yf rd&yf zrsm;? ygwD rd wf aqG rsm;ES if h uef awmh cH ouf BuD ;&G ,f td k tbd k;? tbG m; 45 OD ;wd kY wufa&mu fMuNyD; tcrf;tem;ü NrdKUe,fygwDtwGif;a&;rSL;u vS L'gef ;&jcif ;ES if hywf ouf í wifjycJ hum uef awmh cH tbd k ;? tbG m;rsm; rS qkawmif ;arwåm Mo0g' jyef vnf csD ;jr§ ih f ay;cJ h aMumif ; od&onf/
ausmufwHwm;NrdKY e,fwGif
tbdk;tbGm;rsm;ud kaxmufyHUay;tyf
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
9/23
? twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m 9INTERNATIONAL
EkdifiHjcm;om;tavmif;rsm;awGU&Sd[keDayg&JwyfzGJ YtwnfjyK
cwårE ́L ar 3 eD aygivsif aemuf quf wG J&S mazG rI rsm;jyKvkyf&mwG if ,ref aeYu tavmif ; 50cef Y
&S mazGawGU&S d cJ h&m Ekd if iHjcm;om; awmif wuform;tcsKd Uyg0if cJ h aMumif;od&onf/ tcsd KUrS m a'ocH&G mom;rsm;jzpfonf/ ,aeY twnfjyKcsuf t& eD aygivsif
aoqkH ;pm&if ;onf 7000 cef Y txd&Sd vmcJh NyDjzpfaMumif ;od&onf/ ,ref aeYu awG Y&S d cJ h onf h tavmif ;rsm;xJ wG if Ekd if iHjcm;om;rsm;yg0if onf [k od&aomf vnf ; rnf oljzpf aMumif ; twnf rjyKEkd if ao;ay/
eD aygEkd if iH ajrmufykd if ; &mql 0gc½kd if 'kwd ,&J rS L;uajymMum;&mwG if tavmif ; rsm;ukd ,ref aeY wG if tysuf tpD ;rsm;atmufrS qG J xkwf cJ h&aMumif;ESifh tavmif ; rsm;onf aoqkH ;NyD ;aemuf ckepf&uf Mumjrif h aeNyDjzpf aMumif;od&onf/
tqkdyg &mql 0gc½kd if onf ajcvsifawmif wuf c&D ;onf rsm; oabmus&m a'ojzpf NyD ; c½kd if twG if ; tquf toG ,fjywf awmuf aeol 200 cef Y aysmuf qkH ;ae aMumif ; 'kwd ,&J rS L;uajymonf/
]]uRef awmf wkd Y tjcm;ae&mawGukd r&S mEkd if ao;ygbl ;/ rkd ;awG t&rf ;&G mNyD ; &moD Owku tH kY qkd if ;aevkd Yyg}}[k 'kwd ,&JrSL; bmwm½dkifuajymonf/
,aeY twnfjyKcsuf t& aoqkH ;pm&if ;twd tusrSm 7040 jzpf NyD ; 'Pf&m&ol 14123 OD ;cef Y&S daMumif ;od&onf/ ,aeY wGif tar&duef ppfwyfrS &[wf,mOfrsm;E S if hu,f q,f a&;tzGJUrsm;
a&muf&S d vmcJh NyD ; cefY rS ef;onfxuf wpf&ufaemufusa&muf&S d cJ hjcif;jzpf aMumif ; od&onf/ T1P(Ref: Reuturs)
rkdql ; ar 3IS tzG J Uonf 4if ;wk d Y od rf ;yk duf xm;
onf h rk d ql ;Nrd KUtaemufyk d if ;wG if a'ocH ,mZD 'pf vl rsKd ; 300 cef Yukd owf vkduf aMumif ; tD&wfES if h ,mZD 'pf tmPmyk d if rsm;u,aeY twnfjyKajymMum;onf/
,mZD 'D wk d ;wuf a&;ygwD \owif ; xkw fjye fcsu fwGif tzrf ;cH&onfh ,mZD 'pf vlrsKd ; 300 cef Yukd rkd ql ;Nrd KU taemufykd if ; w,f tzma'owG if IS tzG J Uu ,ckv 3&uf wG if owf vkduf aMumif ; azmfjyxm;onf/
tqkdyg vl owf rIES if hywf ouf NyD ;
tD&wf'kwd,or®w tkdprmt,fEl *sKdif zDu vl rqef onfh&mZ0wf rIjzpf aMumif ; ajymMum;onf/
a'ocHvlenf;pkrsKd;EG ,fjzpf aom ,mZD 'pf axmif aygif ;rsm;pG monf NyD ;cJ h
ayusif ; ar 3 w½kwfEkd if iH wG if vG ef cJ h onf h 18 ES pfu
tckd ;cH cJ h&ol wpf OD ;ukd touf (22)ES pf t&G ,f wGif rdbrsm;u jyef vnf awG Y&S d cJh aMumif ;
People's Daily owif ;Xmeu,aeY azmfjy xm;onf/ [Duif wefqkd ol vl i,f wpf OD ;
onf 1997 ckES pf wG if aetd rf tjyif buf ü aqmhupm;aepOf uav;olckd ;rsm;vuf okd YygoG m;cJ hNyD; xk d pOfu 4i f ;\touf onf av;ES pf om&S d ao;onf/ um;xJ ok d Y xnf hum ac:aqmif oG m;cJ hjcif ;cH cJ h&NyD ; rd bt&if ;ES if h
tck k d;cH&onf h om;jzpfolESif h
18ESpftMumwGif jyefvnfawG Uqk H
onf h 2014 ckES pf twG if ; IS tzG JU\ zrf ;qD ;jcif ;uk d cH cJ h&onf/ ,ck ,mZD 'pf 300 towfcH&jcif;ESi fhywfoufNy D; bmaMumifhtowfcH&onfqkdjcif;ESi fh b,f vkd towf cH&onf qkdjcif ;ukd rod&S d&ao;aMumif ; ta&S Utv,fykd if ; bD bD pD t,f 'D wm tvef *Ref pwefuajymonf/
IS tzGJ Uonf qD ;&D ;,m;ta&S UYykd if ; tD&wf taemufykd if ;ES if h ajrmufykd if ;wkd Yukd xkd ;azmuf od rf ;ykduf pOf ,mZD 'pf rsm;ukd zrf ;qD ;cJ h NyD ; tcsd KUukdypf owf cJ h Muonf/
uav;i,frsm;tygt0if trsKd; orD ;i,f rsm;uk d zrf ;qD ;ac:aqmifum IS
wyfzGJU0ifrs m;twGuf vdifuReftjzpf aqmif&Guf&ef wpf OD ;vQif 12 a':vmEI ef ;jzifh avvH wif a&mif ;cscJ hMuonf/ ,mZD 'pf trsKd ;orD ;wpf OD ;vQif IS
wyfzG J U0if 10 OD ;twGuf cG J wrf ;csum
a&mif ;cscJ hjcif ;jzpf onf/ ,mZD 'pf rsm; \ bmoma&;qkd if&mukd ;uG ,f rIrsm;ukd IS tzG J Uu jrm;ajrmif ½Iyf axG ;onf h ,kHMunfouf0ifrIt jzpf t"dyÜm,f azmfcJ hMuonf/
2015 ckES pf twG if ; IS tzG J Uod rf ;ykdufxm;onfhe,fajrrsm;ukd umh'f vuf eufuk d if tzG J Ursm;u jyef vnf od rf ;ykduf pOf ,mZD 'pf tcsKdUvG wfajrmuf cJ h
ovkd touft& G,fBuD ;&ifht kdrif; aom ,mZD'pfrsm ;ukd IS tzGJUu aiGaMu;ES ifhvJvS,fay;&mrS wpfqifhjyef vnf vG wf ajrmuf vmol rsm;vnf ;
&S d onf/IS
tzG J Uonf zrf ;qD ;&rd onf h ,mZD 'pf rsm;teuf trsKd ;om;&maygif ; rsm;pG muk d owf cJ h Muonf [k vl UtcG if h ta&; avhvmapmifhMunfha&;tz GJU rsm;uajymonf/ T1P(Ref: BBC)
rk d if 1000 cef Y a0;onf h ae&mwG ifrd om;pk topfES ifh aexkd ifcJ h&onf/
4if ;ukd ,f wkd if &J wyf zG J Uukd tul tnD awmif ;um rd bt&if ;rsm;uk d &S mazG cJ h&m aemufqk H;wGifjyefvnf&SmawGYc Jhonf/ rd brsm;onf4if ;\nmbuf vuf armif ;
ay:rS rS nfhukdawGY&S dum jyefvnf rS wf rd NyD ; aygif ;qkHEkd if cJ hjcif ;jzpf onf/ w½kwfEkd if iH wG if uav;aysmuf rI rsm;ukd DNA pepfjzifh vnf; jyef vnf twnfjyKavh&Sd onf/ T1P(Ref: People's Daily)
,mZD'pfvlrsKd; 300 ausmfuk d IStzG J Uowfjzwf
*sD[wf *Ref wuf cJ h onf h ausmif ;
trsKd;orD;wpfOD;uk dowfcJ honf h trsKd;om; 49 OD;½k H;xkwf umvf bl; ar 3
tmz*ef epö wef Ekd if iH Nrd KUawmf umvf bl ;wG if trsKd ;orD ;wpf OD ;ukd raorcsif ;0kd if ;0ef ;½kd uf owf cJ h onf h trsKd ;om; 49 OD ;ukd ,ref aeY wG if pwif ½kH ;xkwf ppf aq;cJ h aMumif ; a';vD;ar;owif ;Xmeuazmf jyonf/ touf(28)ES pf t&G ,f zm*ef'gqkdol trsKd;orD ;ukd ukd&rf usrf ;pmrD ;½d IUonf [kpG yf pGJ um rwf 19 &ufwG if 0kd if;0ef ;½kd uf ES ufcJ h Mu&m &J 0ef xrf ; 19 OD ;vnf;yg0if aMumif ;od &onf/ 0kd if ;0ef ; ½kd uf owf cJ h NyD ;aemuf tqkd ygtrsKd ;orD ;\tavmif ;ukd rD ;½d I UcJ h Muonf/ tqkd ygvl owf rI ES if h ywf ouf NyD ; qE´ jyrI rsm;vnf ;jzpf yG m;cJ h onf/
towf cH cJ h &ol trsKd ;orD ;onf tjcm;trsKd ;orD ;rsm;ukd tvS ukef ypö nf ;rsm;a&mif ;cs&mrS w&m;a[mq&mwpf OD ;ES if h pum;rsm;cJ h aMumif ;? ukd &rf usrf ;pmrD;½dI UcJ honf qkd jcif ;ES if hywf ouf NyD; ouf aor&Sd aMumif ; &J wyf zGJ Uuajymonf/ T1P(Ref: ABC)
z&uf 'D *a&;
IS tzG J Uod rf ;ykduf xm;&m &wf cG mNrd KUü ar 2&uf wG if a*;vf wpf OD ;ukd IS wyfzGJ U0if rsm;u wkduf ay:rS wG ef ;csaeonfukd
awG Y&pOf/ IS tvH vT if h xlxm;onfh tzG JU0if 11 OD ;u wGef;cs cJ hjcif ;jzpf NyD ; ajrBuD ;ay:a&muf csd ef wG if raorcsif ;ausmuf cJ rsm;jzif h 0kd if ;xkcJ h Muonf/ NyD ;cJ h onf h oD wif ;ywf wG if vnf ; IS tzG J U onf vd if wl quf qH olES pf OD ;ukd ausmuf wkH ;rsm;jzif h 0kd if ;0ef ;xk owf ítjypf ay;cJ h Muonf/ T1P(Ref: ABC)
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
10/23
10 twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m ?BUSINESS
]wdrf}ra,mifESif h ]euf}ovm; tedrf hqH k;vkyfcvpm❚❚❚❚❚ jynf h Nzd K;ausmf ❚❚❚❚❚
]]uRef awmf wd k Yuwpf&uf ig;axmif
ausmf avmuf rS r&&if bmquf vkyf& r,fqdkwm pOf;pm;&awmhr,f}}[k '*H kNrdKUopf (ta&SUyd kif;) yif vH kcef ;rodkY tpnf;ta0; wufa&mufvmonfh tvkyf orm;or*¾ acgif ;aqmif ud krsKd ; rif ;OD ;uajymonf/
tvkyf orm;rsm;ES ih f tvkyf&S if rsm;utpOf wpd kuf awmif ;qd kaeaom ted rf h
qH k ;vkyf cvpm owf rS wfjy|mef ;ay;a&; twGuf tvky form;0efBu D;Xmeu aqG ;aEG;yG Jrsm;? ppfwrf;rsm; tBud rf Bud rf aumuf ,l í arvaES mif ;yd kif ;wG ifueOD;aMunmcsuf xGufay:Edkif&ef
pD pOf vsuf&Sd onf/jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u ol&OD ;a&T ref ;ud k,f wd k if yk*¾ vdutvkyf orm;rsm;twGuf ta&;ygonh f ted rf h qH k;vkyfcvpm tjref qH k;owf rS wfEd kif&ef wd kuf wG ef ;vsuf&S d aomf vnf ; pd ef ac:
rI rsm;BuD ;rm;vsuf&Sd onf/EdkifiHwumwGif tedrfhqHk;vkyfc
vpmowf rS wf&mwG if vsifjref vG ,ful avh&S d aomf vnf ; jref rmEd k if iH wG if Oya' xGuf&S d NyD ; ES pfES pf ausmf cef Y tcsd ef Mumjrif h onf txd ted rf h qH k ;vkyf cvpmud k w&m; 0if owf rS wfEd kifjcif ;r&S day/
]]uRefawmf wd kY tvkyf orm;awG
qE´jyaewJ h t"dutaMumif ;t&mu vkyfcvpmwdk ;jr§ifh ay;zdk Yyg/ bmvdk Y awmif ;&wmvJ qd k&if pm;0wf aea&; rajyvnf vkd Yyg}}[k udkrsKd;rif ;OD;u ajymonf/
qE´jyrIr sm;\ aemufuG,fw Gif aoG ;xd k;vI Y H aqmf ol rsm;&S d aMumif ; ouf qd kif&mwm0ef&S d ol rsm;uajymMum;avh&S d aomf vnf ; ukef aps;EI ef ;jrih f wufjcif ;ES if h taxG axG vl rI p&d wf BuD ;jrif h aejcif ;
onf tvkyf orm;qE´jyrI \ t"du taMumif ;&if;tjzpf&yf wnf aeonf/
]]ol rsm;ajr§muf ay;wdkif ; qE´jy
w,f qd k&if uRef awmf wd kYud k b,f olu tvkyfcef Y awmhrS mvJ/ rajyvnf vG ef ; vd kY qEj́ywmyg/ tvkyf orm;awG qE´jyMuwJh xJ rS m iwf vdkYvrf ;ray:wuf&wJ h taMumif ;t&if ;u t"dujyóemyg}}[k cH korm"d aumif pD tvkyf orm;ud k,f pm;vS ,f OD ;&JEd kif 0if ;uajymonf/
jynf wG if;&S d vkyf ief;rsm;wGif vkyf om;tif tm;trsm;tjym;ES if h vkyfud kif&ojzif h csnf rQifESif h txnfcsKyfpuf½H k
vkyf om;rsm;\qE´jyyG J rsm;rS m trsm; qHk;jzpf aomaMumif h ted rf h qH k; vkyf c vpmud k txnf csKyfu@wpf ckwnf ;ud kjy|mef ;ay;&ef vkyf ief ;&S if wcsKd UqE´
jyKvmcJ honf/]]txnf csKyf wpf ckwnf ; jy|mef ;
&if txnfcsKyf rS mvmvkyf r,f h tvkyf orm;r&S d awmh bJjzpf oG m;r,f/ 'gh tjyif
owf rS wf csufursm;ae&if? ray;Ed kif&if puf ½H kydwf&vd rf h r,f}}[k txnfcsKyf vkyf ief ;&S if wpf OD ;jzpf ol OD ;armif armif pd k;uajymonf/
trS ef wu,fjzpfyG m;&aomtaMumif ; t&if;ud kpd ppf&ef tpd k;&tzG J Uuwm0ef
&S daMumif ; tvkyf&S ifESif htvkyf orm; rsm;uawmif ;qd kae&mvkyf cvpmted rf h qH k ;tqif hud k a'otvd kuf owf rS wf&efud kyif tcuf tcJrsm;&S d aeonf/
]]aumuf ,l ppf wrf ;awG t&&efukefrSm usyfig;axmif0ef;usif?yJcl ;rS m usyf oH k;axmif eJ Y rEÅav;rS musyf av;axmif avmuf wpf&ufud k&rS
tvkyform;awG& JU pm;0wfa ea&; ajyvnf r,f h oabmyg}}[k Ed kif iH awmf or® wtMuHay; a'guf wmaZmf OD ;u ajymonf/
tvkyform;vkyfcvpm jyóem
rS m vkyf ief ;wpf ck \ 8 &mcd k ifEI ef ;cef Y om tcuftcJ&SdNyD; tjcm;aomjyóem rsm;jzpf onfh vQyf ppfrD ;&&S d rI? acs;aiG enf ;yg;jcif ;ES if h ajr,miS m;&rf ;cwd kY rS m t"dutcuf tcJ rsm;jzpf aMumif ;aumuf ,l cJ h aomppf wrf ;rsm;wG if awG U&S d&onf [k ¤if;uqufajymonf/
tvkyf orm;vpmwd k;jr§ if h ray;Ed kif aom tjcm;taMumif ;t&if;rsm;pG m? tajccH vkyf ief ; tcuftcJ rsm;pG m&S d ae aomf vnf ; tvkyf orm;rsm;ES if h tvkyf&S ifrsm;u tedrfhqHk;vkyfcvpmowf
rS wf ay;&ef tvkyf orm;0ef BuD ;Xmeod kY awmif;qd kvsuf&Sd onf/
tvkyf&S ifES if h tvkyf orm;ud k,f pm; vS ,f rsm;ud k tvkyf orm;0ef BuD ;XmerS awG UqH kaq G;aEG;rIr Swfwrf ;rs m;t& tvkyform;r sm;u wpf&u fvky fc
vpmusyf 4000 rS 6000 Mum;&&S d&ef awmif;q dkcJhaomfvnf; txnfcsKy f
vkyf ief ;&S if rsm;u wpf&uf vQif jref rm aiGusyf 1500 xuf rausmf aomEIef; xm;omay;tyfEd kif aMumif ; ajymMum; cJh onf/
txnf csKyf vkyf ief ;rS m uRrf ;usif vkyf om;&S m;yg;jcif ;ES if h aps;uGuf twG if ; t&nf taoG ;rDukef pnf xkwf vkyfEd kif rI enf ;yg;jcif ;wd kY aMumif h Ed kif iH wumtyf xnfrsm; usqif ;vsuf&S d onf/
ted rf hqHk;vky f cvpmowfrSwfEdkifygutvkyf orm;rsm;\ uRrf ;usif rI
tay:tjynfht0wnfr SDvmrnfjzpfum owf rS wf csuf twd kif ;ay;tyf rnf h
puf ½H krsm;rS m uRrf ;usif vkyf om;rsm;ud k oma&G ;cs,f cef Utyf&ef OD ;pm;ay;aqmif&Guf vmEd kif aomaMumifhjzpf onf/
]]Oya'rSmygNyD;om;yg/ tvkyf oif cef Uvd k Y vJ&ygw,f/'gayr,f h w&m;
0if cef U&if awmh xd kuf oif h wJ h owf rS wf xm;wJ h vpmud k ay;acs&rS mjzpfygw,f}}
[k tvkyform;or*¾ rsm;tzG JUcsKyf rS OD ;atmif vif ;u ajymonf/ tvkyf orm;rsm;awmif ;qd kaeaom
jref rmaiGusyf 4000rS 6000Mum; ay;tyf&ef awmif ;qd krI rS mtpd k;&0ef xrf ; rsm;\ aeUpm;vkyfcxuf tenf;i,f omyd krd kaMumif ; 4if ;uquf ajymonf/
tpd k;&0ef xrf ;rsm;\ atmufajc ted rf h qH k ;aeUpm;0ef xrf ;vpmrS m wpf&uf vQifu syf 3000 jzpfaomaMumif huGmjcm;csufBuD;rm;jcif;r&SdaMumif;
od&onf/]]tpdk;&0efxrf;avmufawmif
vpmray;Ed kif wJ h puf ½Hk[m yd wfypf& rS myJ/ zG if h w,f qd k&if vJ vmNyD ; tvkyf vkyf wJ h tvkyf orm;&S d rS m r[kwf bl;}} [k tvkyf orm;or*¾ tzG J UcsKyf rS acgif ; aqmif wpf OD ;uajymonf/
ted rf h qH k;vkyf cvpmowf rS wfjcif ;ESif h tpd k;&0ef xrf ;vpmrsm;wd k;jr§ if h ay;
tyfjcif ;wd k Uonf uk ef aps;EI ef ;jrif h wuf rIjzpf ay:vmEd kif aomf vnf ; tjcm;pD ;yG m;
a&;ukxH k;rsm;jzif h ukef aps;EI ef ;ud k xd ef ; csKyf&ef aqmif&GufEd kif onf/
trS ef wu,f vl aerI b0vd ktyf csuf aiG aMu;yrmPES if h ted rf h qH k;vkyf c vpmwd k UonfyrmPuG mjcm;csuf tenf ; i,f&Sd aernfjzpf aomf vnf ; Ed kif iH wpfEdkif iHtwGuf r&Sdrjzpfta&;ygaom
owf rS wf csuf wpf ckjzpf onf/]]wpf&ufud k usyf 5000 avmuf
vl wpf a,muf twGuf vd ktyf w,f qd k&if ted rf h qH k;vkyf cvpmuvJ 'DyrmP
0ef ;usif rS myJ&S d&ygvd rf h r,f/ odyf enf ; vG ef ;&if Ed kif iH pD ;yG m;a&;yH k&dyfud kygxd cd kuf vmr,f}}[k Ed k if iH awmf or® wtMuH ay; a'guf wmaZmf OD ;uajymonf/
rMumrDumvtwGif; tmqD, H pD;yGm ;a& ;to dku ft0ef;xlaxmif rI vkyf ief ;pOf rsm;yd krd kt&S d efjr§ if h wif vmrnfjzpf&m Ed k if iHjcm;&if ;ES D ;jr§ KyfES H rIES if h jref rmjynf\pD;yGm;a&;tajctaetrSefudk
tMurf ;zsif ;avh vmoH k;oyfEd kif&ef tvkyf orm;vkyf cvpmrS m r&S d rjzpf vd ktyf ae aMumif ;od&onf/
]]ay;EdkifwJh tvkyf&Sifuawmh tpdk;&owf rSwfcsuftwdkif;ay;rSmyJ/ ray;Ed kif wJ h puf ½H keJ Utvkyf&Sifuyd wf oG m;rS maygh/ usef aewJ h olu quf vkyf MurS myJ/ tvkyf orm;awGud k awmh aps; t&rf ;ed rf h ay;vd k Urjzpfygbl ;/ uRrf ;usif
wJ h olud k tvkyf&S ifu vcyd kay;rS mu obm0yJ}}[k tvkyf orm;jyóemrsm;ud k ud kif wG ,f ajz&Sif ;cJ h ol t&m&S d BuD ;
wpf OD;u oH k;oyf ajymMum;cJ h onf/
qEj́yrIrsm;\aemufuG,fwGif
aoG;xd k;vI Y Haqmfolrsm;&S daMumif;
oufqd kif&mwm0ef&S dolrsm;u
ajymMum;avh&S daomfvnf;ukefaps;EIef;jrih fwufjcif;ESif h
taxGaxGvlrIp&dwfBuD;jrif haejcif;onf
tvkyform;qEj́yrI\
t"dutaMumif;&if;tjzpf
&yfwnfaeonf...
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
11/23
? twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m 11BUSINESS
aiG aMu; 0,f aps; a&mif ;aps; 1a':vm(od rfjzL) 1090 usyf 1095 usyf ,l ½d k 1180 usyf 1210 usyf pif umyl 805 usyf 830 usyf
CB bPf rS ,aeY aps;EI ef ;rsm;jzpf onf/
aiG vJ EIef;rsm; a&T aps;EI ef ;
&ef ukef (16yJ) 1 usyf om; 685200 usyf &ef ukef (15yJ) 1 usyf om; 645300 usyf urÇmha&T aps; 1 atmif p 1177.90 a':vm
atmif orm"d a&T qkd if rS aumuf cH onf/ aps;EI ef ;rsm;tcsd ef ES if h trQtajymif ;tvJ &S d Ed kifonf/
&efukef pufoHk;qD aps;
Diesel (1L) Ks 660
Octane(92)(1L) Ks 660
Octane (95)(1L) Ks 900
Premium Diesel(1L) Ks 700
Max Energy rS aps;EIef;rsm;jzpfonf/
,ckESpfta&mif;t0,fat;ítiS m;oGufaeaomtdrfjcHajr acwf rif ;ud k &ef ukef ar 3
&efukef Nrd KUES if h Nrd KUBuD ;rsm;tyg
t0if td rfjcHajraps;uGuf onf oBuFeft NyD; ESpfqef;y dkif;wGi f ta&mif ;t0,f aumif ;avh&S d aomf vnf ; ,ckES pf wG if at;puf vsuf&Sd aMumif ;od&onf/
tiS m;aps;uGuf rS m iS m;&rf ;rI trsm;tjym;jzif h tm;aumif ;vsuf&Sd NyD; Nrd KUe,f rsm;tvdkuf umv
aygufaps;rsm; tvG efjrif h wuf vsuf&S d aMumif ; tG ef vd k if ;aps;uGuf
Ads.com.mmuoH k;oyfonf/]]ES pf pOfjzpfjrJ twd kif ; td rfjcH
ajraps ;EIef;aw Gjrifhwufvmae ayr,f h tiS m;aps;uGufyJjzpf xG ef ; atmifjrif aeygw,f}}[k Ads.
com.mm \ajymcG if h&yk *¾ d Kvf Mr.Elijah Htang uqd konf/
BudKy GdKifhpepfjzi fh a&mif;cs aomuG ef 'd kwd kufcef ;ES if h tdrfcef; rsm;wG if jyóemt½Iyf axG ;jrif h rm;aejcif ;? tcG efpnf ;usyf rIES if h ta&mif ;t0,f rsm;tay: wm0ef&S d ol rsm;u apmifh Munf h avh vm
aejcif ;wd kYaMumif h td rfjcH ajraps;EI ef ;ES if h 0,f vkd tm; enf ;yg;vm
onf [kqd konf/
]]tdrfjcHajraps;EIef;awGu xl ;xl ;jcm;jcm;usqif ;wmrsKd ;r&S d ayr,fh aps ;we fYaeygw,f/ ae&ma'ouG mjcm;csuf awmh&S dyg w,f/ t"dutcsufuawmh 0,f ,l ol bufuay;Ed kif wJ h aps;EI ef ;eJ Y 0,fEd kif pG rf ;tm;&yf wef Y cJ h wm
aMumif hyg}}[k 0g&if htd rfjcHajr vkyf ief ;&S if OD ;oef ;OD ;uajymonf/
tdrfjc HajriSm ;&rf;rIrsm ;jri fh wuf vmaomaMumifh aps;EIef ; rsm;vnf; jrif hwufvsuf&SdNy D;
td rf cef ;?wd kufcef ; topf xyf rH wnfaqmu frIr sm ;&S dvmrSom aps;EI ef ;usqif ;oG m;Ed kif aMumif; od&onf/
td rf&mpD rHud ef ;rsm;tygt0if td rfjcH ajrwd kuf cef ;topf wnf aqmuf rIES if h azmf xk wf rI tjyif Ed k if iH wumrS0ifa&mufíwefzdk;enf ; td rf&mwnf aqmufjcif ;wd kY&S d vm rS om td rf iS m;&rf ;crsm;usqif; oG m;EdkifaMumif ;od&onf/
]]tdrf iS m;wJ holawGu wpf
cHwufyiftacgufrsm;
w½kwfwifyk d Y ausmf(a&eH acsmif ;) a&eHacsmif ; ar 3
tavhustyif wpfrsKd;jzpf aom cH wufyif tacgufrsm;ukd a&eH acsmif ;Nrd KUe,f twG if ;ü 0,f ,l vsuf&S d aeNyD ; cH wuf acguf cG m ol rsm; 0if aiGusyf 4000rS 6000twG if ; &&S d onh f twGuf 0if aiG aumif;aeaMumif ;od&onf/
tyifu tacguf t&if hukd Muuf oG ef vS D ;"m;OD;cRefjzif hcG míyD eH td wf wG if xnh fum aea&mifjzif h ajcmuf vS ef ;NyD ;a&mif ;&aMumif ;?&S mazGol wpf OD ;vQif wpf aeY tenf ;qH k;ES pfydómuaeoH k;yd óm&aMumif; od&onf/
cH wuf acgufukd w½kwfEk d if iHukd t"duwifykd Y a&mif ;csae&NyD ;jynf wG if ;qkd ;aq;vkyf ief ;rsm;u ukef Murf ;tjzpf toH k;jyKaMumif ;?
vG ef cJ h aom 10 ES pf cef Yu cH wuf acguf? xaemif ;acguf? ikacguf rsm;ukd om;a&vkyf ief ;rsm;u ukef Murf ;tjzpf? qkd ;aq;tjzpf toH k;jyKcJ h aMumif ; a'ocH rsm;uajymonf/ 0,f vuf rsm;u ikacguf? xaemif ;acgufukd 0,f ,ljcif ;r&S d bJ cH wuf acguf wpfyd ómusyf 2000 aps;jzif h 0,f ,laeaMumif ; od&onf/
jynfwG if;&S djynfoltrsm;pkrS mb@ma&;u@ESif h xd awGY rItm;enf;vsuf&S dae jzLoif ;cd kif &ef ukef ar 3
jref rmEd kif iH&S d jynf ol trsm;pk rSmb@ma&;u@ESif h xd awG UrI tm;enf ;vsuf&S d aeaMumif ; jynf olUvTwfawmf bPfrsm;ESifh aiG aMu;qdkif&m zG H UNzd K;wd k;wuf a&; aumfrwD\ *smreDavhvma&; c&D ;pOfES if hywf ouf onf h owif ; pm&Sif;vif ;yG J wG if *smref tjynf
jynf qd kif&m yl ;aygif ;aqmif&Guf a&;at*sif pD (GIZ )rS wm0ef&S d ol wpfOD ;uajymonf/
vuf&S d wG if jref rmEd kif iH vl OD ; a&\ 5 &mcd kifEI ef ;cef UombPf taumif hzG ifh oH k;pGJ rI&S d NyD ; tao; pm;ESifhtvwfpm; pD;y Gm;a&; vkyfie f;rsm;\b@ma&;tcef;u@wG ifvnf ; acs;aiG&&S d rI rS m
tm;enf ;vsuf&S d aeonf/
]]jref rmEkdif iH&J U b@ma&; tcef ;u@u ol&J UMum;cHjznf h qnf;ay;&r,fhtcef;u@jzpf wJh aiG pkaqmif ;ol eJ U&if ;ES D ;jr§ KyfES H rIMum;r Sm jyn fhjynfh00vHkvHk avmufavmuf jzn fhqn f;ay ;Ed k if rI r&S d ao;ygbl ;/ jynf ol vl xk
tr sm ;p ku b@ma&;tce f;u@eJ U xd xd a&muf a&muf xnf h
0if aqmif&GufEd kifjcif ;r&S d ao;yg
bl ;/ vuf vS rf ;rD rI tm;enf ;aeyg ao;w,f}}[k *smrefjynf axmif pk tpd k;&pD;yGm;a&;zG H UNzdK;wd k;wuf rIES if hyl ;aygif ;aqmif&Guf a&;0ef BuD ;
XmejrefrmEdk ifiHqdki f&mwm0efcH t&m&S d Mr.Bernd Ku Zmitsu ajymonf/
tao;pm;E Sif htvwfp m; pD ;yG m;a&;vkyf ief ;rsm;wG if acs;aiG&&S d rI tm;enf ;vsuf&S d aomaMumif h
vkyfief;rsm;wG if &if;ES D;jr§ KyfES HrI rsm;ES if h vkyf ief ;csJ UxG if rI rsm;aqmif&Guf&ef cuf cJ vsuf&S d onf/
jrefrmEd kifiHwGif pD ;yGm;a&; vkyf aqmifjcif;onf pdefac:rI rsm;&Sd aMumif; ? t"dutm; jzifh b@ma&;qd kif&m0ef aqmif rI rsm;ud k vuf vS rf ;rD a&;ES if h acs;aiG&&S dEd kif a&;wd kUwG if jynf wG if ;ukrÜ PD
rsm;twGufBuD;rm;aomtcuf
tcJjzpf aMumif ;? urÇmh pD ;yG m;a&; zdk&rf \urÇmvH k;qd kif&m,S OfNyd KifEd kif rI tnT ef ;ud ef ;wG if Ed kif iH aygif ;
144ckteuf jrefrmEdk ifiHonf 134ae&mwGifom&SdNyD ; t"du taMumif ;&if ;rS mb@ma&;qd kif&m vuf vS rf ;rD rI tajctaetm;enf ;jcif ;aMumif hjzpf aMumif ;od&onf/
]]uRef awmf wd kU wd kif;jynf&J U zG H UNzd K;wkd ;wuf rI rS m bPf vkyf ief ;
&J U ta&;BuD ;rIud k awG Ujrif&yg w,f/ bPfud k vuf awG Uusus toH k;csEd kifzd kUqd k tcuf tcJ&Sdyg w,f/ *smreDudka&muf oGm;wJ h tcg*smreD A[d k bPf [mtif rwefud kvG wf vyfygw,f/ tpd k;&pGuf
zuf rIuif ;ygw,f/ uRef awmf wd k U wd k if ;jynf&J U A[d kbPfutpd k;&&J U atmufuvG wf NyD vm;vd kUar;cG ef ; xkwf p&m&Sdygw,f}}[kjynf olU
vT wf awmf bPf rsm;ESifhaiGaMu; qd k if&mzG H UNzd K;wd k;wuf a&;aumf rwD rS OD ;Nzd K;rif ;od ef ;uajymonf/
jref rmh b@ma&;u@rS mEd k if iH wumpHEI ef ;rsm;ES if hEI d if ;,S Ofygu zG H UNzd K;rI aemufusvsuf&S d aeNyD ;b@m a&;qd k if&mMum;cH aqmif&Guf rI onf
GDP tcsKd;t& tm&S tedrf hqH k; 10&mcd k ifEI ef ;0ef ;usif wG if&S d aMumif ; od&onf/
vpm0ef aqmifcay;ygw,f / tdrfiS m;cawG aps;wufaeawmh tdrf iS m;awG bufud k jyef pOf;pm; ay;ae&ygw,f}}[k prf ;acsmif ; Nrd KUe,f rS 0g&if h td rfjcH ajr0ef aqmif rI vkyfud kif ol wpf OD ;uajymonf/
jref rmh td rfjcH ajraps;uGuf onf tusyd k if ;od k Y OD ;wnf aeaomf vnf ;jynfwGif;jynfy&if;ESD;jr§KyfESHol
rsm;u pd wf 0if pm;rI taetxm; wGif a&muf&S daeqJjzpfaMumif; od&onf/
aEG&moDwGif ausmufysOfES if h ausmufxnfypönf;rsm;oeyf cg;wH k;rsm;toH k;jyKolrsm;íta&mif;oGuf
cif oef ;OD ;(zef cg;ajr) yckuúL ar 3
aEG &moDaus mi f;ydw f&u f twGif; jrefrmEdk ifiHt&yf&yfr S tnmajra'ood k Y bk&m;zl ;a&muf&S d vmaomvl rsm;ud k n§ d KU,l zrf ;
pm;Ed k if avmuf onf h vuf rIynm vlYto Hk;taqmi f ypön f;rs m; teuf ppfud kif;a'oES if h a*G ;csKd a'owdkYrS xGuf&S d onf h ausmufysOf? i½kwf qH k? "m;aoG ;ausmuf?
rkef YBud wf qH kponfwd kYud kausmufjzif hjyKvkyf xm;aom usef ;rma&;ESif hnDñGwfNyD; "mwkypönf;yg0ifrIuif;a0;onfh vl YtoHk;
taqmif ausmuf xnfypö nf ;rsm;yifjzpf aMumif ; od&onf/
yckuúL&S if rawmif oeyf cg; wHk;ESifh rHk&Gmoeyfcg;udktoHk;
rsm;aMumif ;?tcsKd UrS m vuf aqmif ay;&ef 0,f ,l í tcsKd UrS m td rf oH k ;&ef 0,f ,laMumif ;od&onf/
jrovGefbk&m;apmif;wef; aps;qd kif wef ;wG if ausmufysOfES if h tjcm;ausmufjzif hjyKvkyf xm;aomypö nf ;rsm;a&mif ;csol a':&D&D rmu ]]uRefrwkdY qdkifrSm a*G;csKd
au smuf ys Of a& m? pp fu dk if ; ausmufysOf a&m ES pf rsKd ;pvH k;&S dyg
w,f/ ppfud kif;ausmufuawmh ausmufom;enf ;enf;yd kuspf NyD ; tpd rf ;a&mif zufygw,f/ta&mif enf;enf ;awmufawmh vlBudKuf rsm ;w, f/ a*G;csK daus mufu awmh ausmuf om;enf ;enf ;yG NyD ;
t0ga&mif orf;awmh vlBud Kuf enf ;w,f/ 'gayr,fh t&nf taoG ;uawmh odyf ruG mvS ovd k aps;uv J odyfruGmvSygbl ;/uRef rwd k Y qd k if rS mausmuf eJ Y vkyf xm;
wJ h ausmufysOf? i½kwfqH k? "m; aoG ;ausmuf? rkef YBud wf qH k? wpf acsmif ;xd k;ausmuf rD ;zd k? ausmuf rD ;aoG ;zd ktrsKd ;rsd K;&S d w,f/ aps;uvJ trsKd ;rsKd;ygyJ/ ausmufysOf
qd k&if i½kwf qH kqd kvJ wpf pH kud kusyf 2500 uae usyf 3000
txd tpm;pm;ygyJ/ rkef Y Bud wf qH k
wd kY? aeYeHvdkufNyD; xkvkyfrnf h qif ½kyf? jcaoF h ½kyf wd kY? yl ;½kyf wdkY qd k vnf ; txl ;atmf 'gvuf cH NyD ; rS may;w,f/ ppfudkif ;ausmuf Bud Kuf&if ppfud kif ;ud krS may;w,f/ a*G ;csKd ausmuf Bud Kuf&if a*G ;csKdud k rSmay;w,f/ 'D tvkyfvkyfpm;&awmh &ufcsdef;awmhrSef&wm
aygh/ usef ;rma&;twGuf pd wf cs&wmaygh}}[kajymonf/
8/9/2019 Union Daily (4-5-2015).pdf
12/23
OPINION ? twG J 3? trSwf 24 (4-5-2015) wevF m 13
b0ukd ,f pD tvS ukd ,fpD qE´ ukd ,fpD/
ukd ,f h b0ES if h ukd ,f hqE´ u trsm;twG uf ygrS wu,f htvS/
qE´ xJ rS vkyf Ekd if wmu]p} 'grS wu,f h tvS/
tvS
t,f'DwmUtmabmf
OPINION
C
A
R
T
O
O
N
■
orD ;BuD ;\td rf om;qE´ t& pvif ; Nrd KUt&S if OD ;pE´ d rmausmif ;wd kuf wG if ajr;ud k ol Uta':rsm;u &S ifjyKem;o ouF ef ; 0wf ay;ygonf/
orD ;BuD ;ES if h ajr;uwpfywf Bud Kvsuf rEÅav;rS vd kif ;um;jzif h oG m;Muonf/
uRef awmf wd k UuoBuF ef tBud KaeU ra&muf rD {NyD 12 &uf n 8;30em&D td rfrS nc&D ;xGufygonf/
um;ay:wG if '½d k if bmES if h twl uRef
qm;awmif pHjyaus;&G mt0if puf oH k; qD qd k if rS m um;ud k qDjznf h onf/ atmuf wdef ;wpf*gvefusyf 3000 EIef ;jzifh ig;*gvef xnf h&\/ '½d kif bmu nc&D ;ud k uRrf ;usif pG m oGuf oGuf armif;cJ h/ tk ef ;awmtxuf a&T awmif *d wftvG ef
vrf ;taemuf buf rS m puf oH k ;qD qd k if BuD ; aygif ;rsm;pG m zG if h vS pf vsuf 0efaqmif rI ay;aewmawG U&onf/
ppfud k if ;wH wm;(a[mif ;)rSjrpf i,f vrf ;
awmf wd kUrsuf pd vnf onf/od kUjzif h wuúpD wpf pD ;awG U&m tul tnD awmif ;&onf/ wuú pDum;orm;u oabmaumif ;pG m oG m;vd k onf h vrf ;ray:a&muf atmif a&S U rS armif ;ES if vd kufyd kUNyD ;rS Nrd KUwG if ;vS nf hjyefoG m;onf/
ra&muf zl ;aoma'o nOf h euf csd ef tul tnD ay;ygaom xd k wuú pD armif ;olud k aus;Zl;wifygonf/ awG U&orQ vrf ;rBuD ;awGu us,f
jyefUaumif ;rG ef onf/ 0J buf,mbuf aus;&G mtkyf pkwd k if ; vrf ;ab; uG efu&pf rD ;wd kif rsm;jzif h vQyf ppf rD ;xG ef ;nd § xm;yg onf/
tpd k;&opf vuf xuf aus;&G mtkyf pk tm;vH k ;eD ;yg; vQyf ppf rD ;toH k;jyKcG if h