UdgivelsesnotertilDebianGNU/Linux6.0(squeeze), …

Udgivelsesnoter til Debian GNULinux 60 (squeeze)Mips

Debian-dokumentationsprojektet (httpwwwdebianorgdoc)

3 maj 2013

Udgivelsesnoter til Debian GNULinux 60 (squeeze) Mips

Published 4 februar 2011

Dette dokument er fri software Du kan videredistribuere ogeller modificere det under de betingelsersom er angivet i GNU General Public License version 2 som er udgivet af Free Software Foundation

Dette dokument distribueres i haringb om at det vil vise sig nyttigt men UDEN NOGEN FORM FOR GA-RANTI uden selv de underforstaringede garantier omkring SALGBARHED eller EGNETHED TIL ET BE-STEMT FORMAringL Yderligere detaljer kan laeligses i GNU General Public License

Du boslashr have modtaget en kopi af GNU General Public License sammen med dette dokument Hvis ikkesaring skriv til Free software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110-1301 USA

Licensteksten kan ogsaring findes paringhttpwwwgnuorglicensesgpl-20html ogusrsharecommon-licensesGPL-2 paring Debian GNULinux

Indhold

1 Introduktion 111 Rapporter fejl i dette dokument 112 Bidrag med opgraderingsrapporter 113 Kilder til dette dokument 2

2 Nyt i Debian GNULinux 60 321 Nyt i distributionen 3

211 Cd dvd og Blu-ray 4212 Firmware er flyttet til sektionen non-free 4213 Pakkeharingndtering 5214 Afhaeligngighedsbestemt opstart 5215 Ensartede tastaturinstillinger 5216 Indstilling af grafiktilstand er flyttet til kernen 5217 LDAP-understoslashttelse 6218 Sektionen stable-updates 6219 backportsorgbackportsdebianorg 6

22 Omfattende understoslashttelse af neuroradiologisk forskning 6

3 Installeringssystemet 731 Hvad er nyt i installeringssystemet 7

311 Stoslashrre aeligndringer 7312 Automatisk installering 8

4 Upgrades from Debian 50 (lenny) 941 Preparing for the upgrade 9

411 Back up any data or configuration information 9412 Inform users in advance 9413 Prepare for downtime on services 9414 Prepare for recovery 10

4141 Debug shell during boot using initrd 10415 Prepare a safe environment for the upgrade 10416 Remove conflicting packages 11

42 Checking system status 11421 Review actions pending in package manager 11422 Disabling APT pinning 12423 Checking packages status 12424 The proposed-updates section 12425 Unofficial sources and backports 12

43 Preparing sources for APT 13431 Adding APT Internet sources 13432 Adding APT sources for a local mirror 13433 Adding APT source from CD-ROM or DVD 13

44 Upgrading packages 14441 Recording the session 14442 Updating the package list 15443 Make sure you have sufficient space for the upgrade 15444 Minimal system upgrade 16445 Upgrading the kernel and udev 17446 Upgrading the system 17

45 Possible issues during upgrade 18451 cryptoloop support not included in the squeeze Linux kernel 18452 Expected removals 18453 Errors running aptitude or apt-get 18454 Conflicts or Pre-Depends loops 18

INDHOLD

455 File conflicts 18456 Configuration changes 19457 Change of session to console 19458 Special care for specific packages 19

4581 Evolution 1946 Upgrading your kernel and related packages 20

461 Installing the kernel metapackage 20462 Device enumeration reordering 20463 Boot timing issues (waiting for root device) 21

47 Preparing for the next release 2148 Deprecated components 2149 Obsolete packages 21

491 Dummy packages 23

5 Ting man skal vaeligre opmaeligrksom paring i forbindelse med squeeze 2551 Mulige problemer 25

511 Migrering af disk-drivere fra IDE- til PATA-delsystemet 25512 AEligndring i formatet paring mdadm-metadata kraeligver en nyere version af Grub 25513 pam_userdbso fungerer ikke med nyere versioner af libdb 25514 Mulige problemer med varianter af binsh 26515 AEligndring i politikken for kernen vedroslashrende ressource-konflikter 26

52 LDAP-understoslashttelse 2653 Tjenesten sieve flytter til den IANA-tildelte port 2654 Sikkerhedsstatus paring web-browsere 2755 KDE-skrivebordet 27

551 Opgradering fra KDE 3 27552 Nye KDE-metapakker 28

56 AEligndringer i og understoslashttelse af GNOME-skrivebordet 28561 GDM 220 og 230 28562 Rettigheder til enheder og oslashvrige administrative rettigheder 28563 Vekselvirkning mellem network-manager og ifupdown 28

57 AEligndringer i grafik-stakken 29571 Foraeligldede Xorg-drivere 29572 Indstilling for kernens tilstand 29573 Input-enhed hotplug 29574 Nedlukning af X-server 29

58 AEligndring af soslashgesti for Munin 2959 Opgraderingsanvisinger til Shorewall 29

6 Yderligere oplysninger om Debian GNULinux 3161 Yderligere laeligsning 3162 Faring hjaeliglp 31

621 E-post-lister 31622 Internet Relay Chat 31

63 Fejlrapportering 3164 Bidrag til Debian 32

7 Ordliste 33

A Haringndter dit lenny-system foslashr opgraderingen 35A1 Opgradering af dit lenny-system 35A2 Kontroller din kildeliste 35A3 Opgrader foraeligldede sprogindstillinger til UTF-8 36

B Bidragydere til udgivelsesnoterne 37

Indeks 39

Kapitel 1

Introduktion

Dette dokument informerer brugere af Debian GNULinux-distributionen om strre ndringer i ver-sion 60 (kodenavn squeeze)

Udgivelsesnoterne har information om hvordan du sikkert opgraderer fra version 50 (kodenavnlenny) til den aktuelle udgave og informerer brugere om kendte problemstillinger som kan opst underopgraderingen

Du kan se den seneste version af dette dokument phttpwwwdebianorgreleasessqueezereleasenotes Du kan sikre dig at du lser den seneste version af dokumentet ved at tjekke datoenp den frste side

pas paring

Bemrk at det er umuligt at skrive om alle kendte problemstillinger og atudvlgelsen er baseret p en kombination af forventet forekomst og omfang

Bemrk at vi alene understtter og dokumenterer opgradering fra den forrige version af Debian (idette tilflde opgradering fra 50) Hvis du har brug for at opgradere fra en ldre version foreslr viat du lser tidligere udgaver af udgivelsesnoterne og frst opgraderer til 50

11 Rapporter fejl i dette dokument

Vi har forsgt at teste alle trin i opgraderingen som beskrives i det her dokument og at forudse alle demulige problemstillinger som en bruger kan mde

Alligevel opstr fejl og hvis du mener at du har fundet en sdan (forkert information eller infor-mation som mangler) i denne dokumentation s indsend venligst en fejlrapport her fejlrapporterings-systemet (httpbugsdebianorg) mod pakken release-notes Du br frst kontrollere deeksisterende fejlrapporter (httpbugsdebianorgrelease-notes) for at sikre dig at fejlen ik-ke allerede er rapporteret Du kan frit tilfje yderligere information til en eksisterende fejlrapport hvisdu kan bidrage med indhold til dette dokument

Vi er taknemlige for og opfordrer til fejlrettelser til dokumentets kilder som er vedhftet fejlrappor-ten Du kan finde yderligere information der beskriver hvordan du kan finde kilderne til dette doku-ment p Afsnit 13

12 Bidrag med opgraderingsrapporter

Vi er glade for al information fra brugere som har forbindelse til opgraderinger fra lenny til squeezeHvis du vil dele din information med os s kan du sende denne ind via en fejlrapport i fejlrapporte-ringssystemet (httpbugsdebianorg) mod pakken upgrade-reports med dine erfaringerVi vil bede dig om at du komprimerer eventuelle bilag som inkluderes (med gzip)

Inkluder flgende information nr du indsender din opgraderingsrapport

KAPITEL 1 INTRODUKTION 13 KILDER TIL DETTE DOKUMENT

bull Status p din pakkedatabase fr og efter opgraderingen dpkgs statusdatabase er tilgngelig ivarlibdpkgstatus ogapts statusinformation for pakker er ivarlibaptextended_states Du br udfre en sikkerhedskopi fr opgraderingen hvilket beskrives p Section 411men du kan ogs finde sikkerhedskopier af varlibdpkgstatus i varbackups

bull Sessionslog fra script ls mere om dette i Section 441

bull Dine apt-logge tilgngelige i varlogapttermlog eller dine aptitude-logge tilgngligei varlogaptitude

bemaeligrk

Du br gennemg og fjerne al personlig ogeller fortrolig information fra loggefr du inkluderer dem i en fejlrapport da informationen vil blive udgivet i en offentligdatabase

13 Kilder til dette dokumentKilden til dette dokument er i formatet HTML-versionen er oprettet med docbook-xsl og xsltproc PDF-versionen er oprettet med dblatex eller xmlroff Kilder for udgivelsesbemrkningerneer tilgngelige i SVN-arkivet for Debian Documentation Project Du kan anvende internetbrugerfladen(httpsvndebianorgviewsvnddpmanualstrunkrelease-notes) for at tilg dissefiler individuelt via internettet og se ndringer i dem For yderligere information om hvordan SVNtilgs s ls SVN-siderne for Debian Documentation Project (httpwwwdebianorgdoccvs)

Kapitel 2

Nyt i Debian GNULinux 60

Der er mere om dette emne paring wikien (httpwikidebianorgNewInSqueeze)I denne udgave er den officielle understoslashttelse af arkitekturerne HP PA-RISC (hppa) (http

listsdebianorgdebian-devel-announce201009msg00008html) Alpha (alpha) og ARM(arm) stoppet

Foslashlgende er de officielt understoslashttede arkitekturer i Debian GNULinux squeeze

bull 32 bit PC (i386)

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull PowerPC (powerpc)

bull MIPS (mips (big endian) og mipsel (little endian))

bull Intel Itanium (ia64)

bull S390 (s390)

bull 64 bit PC (amd64)

bull ARM EABI (armel)

Ud over de officelt understoslashttede arkitekturer introducer Debian GNULinux squeeze GNUkFreeBSD-porteringer (kfreebsd-amd64 og kfreebsd-i386) som en forsmag paring ny teknologi Det er foslashrste gang atporteringer der ikke har base i linux-kernen er medtaget i en Debian-udgave Porteringerne bruger istedet en FreeBSD-kerne sammen med et GNU-brugermiljoslash Brugere af disse versioner maring advares omat disse porteringer stadig er i gang med at naring op paring den uovertrufne kvalitet i vores Linux-porteringerog at visse avancerede skrivebordsfunktioner ikke understoslashttes endnu Dog er understoslashttelsen af almin-delige serverprogrammer staeligrk saring egenskaberne fra Linux-baserede Debian-versioner udvides med deunikke egenskaber der kendes fra BSD-verdenen Det er foslashrste gang at en Linux-distribution er blevetudvidet til ogsaring at tillade brug af en kerne der ikke er Linux

Du kan laeligse mere om porteringsstatus og porteringsspecifik information om din arkitektur paring Debi-ans websider om porteringer (httpwwwdebianorgports)

21 Nyt i distributionen

Denne nye udgave af Debian leveres med meget mere software end dens forgaelignger lenny Distributionenindeholder over 10352 nye pakker og i alt 29050 pakker Det meste af softwaren i distributionen er blevetopdateret over 15436 softwarepakker (dette svarer til 67 af alle pakker i lenny) Et betydeligt antalpakker (over 4238 18 af alle pakker i lenny) er af forskellige grunde blevet fjernet fra distributionenDu vil ikke se opdateringer for disse pakker og de markeres foraeligldet i pakkeharingndteringsprogrammer

Med denne udgave skifter Debian GNULinux fra XOrg 73 til XOrg 75

KAPITEL 2 NYT I DEBIAN GNULINUX 60 21 NYT I DISTRIBUTIONEN

Debian GNULinux leveres igen med adskillige skrivebordsprogrammer og -miljoslasher Bla inkluderesnu GNOME 2301 KDE 445 Xfce 462 og LXDE 050 Produktivitetsprogrammer er ogsaring blevet forny-et blandt andet kontorprogramsamlingerne OpenOfficeorg 321 og KOffice 221 samt GNUcash 229GNUmeric 1108 og Abiword 282

Af opdateringer af andre skrivebordsprogrammer kan naeligvnes opgraderingen til Evolution 2303 ogPidgin 273 Mozilla-programsamlingen er ogsaring blevet opdateret iceweasel (version 3513) er web-browseren Firefox uden varemaeligrketilknytning og icedove (version 307) er e-mail-klienten Thunder-bird uden varemaeligrketilknytning

Blandt meget andet inkluderer denne udgave foslashlgende opdateringer

Pakker Version i 50 (lenny) Version i 60 (squeeze)Apache 229 2216BIND DNS-server 960 971Cherokee - webserver 072 108Courier - MTA 0600 0630Dia 0961 0971Ekiga - VoIP-klient 2012 327Exim som standard-e-mail-server 469 472

GNU Compiler Collection somstandardcompiler 432 445

GIMP 247 2610GNU C-programbiblioteket 27 2112lighttpd 1419 1428maradns 130709 1403MySQL 5051a 5149OpenLDAP 2411 2423OpenSSH 51p1 55p1PHP 526 532Postfix MTA 255 271PostgreSQL 835 845Python 252 266Samba 325 355Tomcat 5526 6028

Debian understoslashtter stadig Linux Standard Base (LSB) version 32

211 Cd dvd og Blu-rayDen officielle Debian GNULinux-distribution leveres nu paring 7-8 binaeligre dvder eller 44-53 binaeligre cder(afhaeligngigt af arkitektur) og 6 dvder eller 33 cder med kildekode Herudover findes der en dvd til flerearkitekturer med en begraelignset del af udgivelsen for arkitekturerne amd64 og i386 sammen med kil-dekoden Debian GNULinux udgives ogsaring som Blu-ray diskaftryk paring (BD) 2 diskaftryk for hver afarkitekturerne amd64 og i386 eller eacutet med kildekoden Af pladshensyn er visse meget store pakkerudeladt fra cderne men de findes paring dvd og Blu-ray da der er bedre plads til dem her

En ny funktion i squeeze er understoslashttelse af isohybrid paring cderne dvderne og BDerne til i386- ogamd64-arkitekturerne Foslashr var det noslashdvendigt at foslashlge saeligrlige procedurer for at kunne starte et systemfra en usb-noslashgle - nu skal opstartsaftrykket blot skrives direkte til usb-noslashglen Se afsnittet ldquoSaringdan forbere-des filer til opstart fra usb-noslashglerdquo i Installeringsvejledningen (httpwwwdebianorgreleasesstableinstallmanual) for yderligere information

212 Firmware er flyttet til sektionen non-freeVisse drivere der er inkluderet i Linux-kernen indeholdt foslashr firmware der ikke er fri Med squeeze erdenne firmware blevet flyttet til separate pakker i arkivets sektion non-free feks firmware-linuxHvis pakker af denne type installeres indlaeligses firmwaren automatisk naringr det er noslashdvendigt

1 Med visse moduler fra GNOME 232

213 Pakkeharingndtering

Det foretrukne program til interaktiv pakkeharingndtering fra en terminal er aptitude Som ikke-interaktivkommandolinjegraelignseflade til pakkeharingndtering anbefales apt-get apt-get er ogsaring det foretrukne pro-gram til at opgradere mellem stoslashrre udgivelser Hvis du stadig bruger dselect boslashr du skifte til aptitude der er den officielle brugerflade til pakkeharingndtering

I squeeze installerer APT anbefalede pakker som standard2 Dette kan aeligndres ved at foslashje foslashlgendelinje til etcaptaptconf

APTInstall-Recommends false

214 Afhaeligngighedsbestemt opstart

En vigtig forbedring i Debian GNULinuxs opstart er introduktionen af afhaeligngighedsbaseret bestem-melse af opstartssekvens og parallel opstart Denne funktionalitet er aktiveret som standard ved nyin-stalleringer og den vil blive aktiveret ved opgradering fra lenny naringr det er muligt

Denne funktion aktiveres ved at insserv fra sysv-rc bliver brugt til at bestemme raeligkkefoslashlgen forinitd-scripts efter deres erklaeligrede afhaeligngigheder3 En vedvarende indsats for at tilpasse alle opstarts-scriptene i distributionens pakker og i selve opstartssystemet har gjort dette muligt

Med afhaeligngighedsbaseret bestemmelse af opstartssekvens er det nu ogsaring muligt at udfoslashre systemop-startsscripts parallelt og dette vil i de fleste tilfaeliglde goslashre opstartsprocessen hurtigere Denne funktio-nalitet er aktiveret som standard i nyinstalleringer og opgraderinger hvor det er muligt Hvis du vildeaktivere den skal du angive

CONCURRENCY=none

i etcdefaultrcS Yderligere information om denne funktionalitet findes i usrsharedocinsservREADMEDebian

215 Ensartede tastaturinstillinger

I den nye udgave er tastaturindstillingerne blevet samlet saring baringde konsol og Xorg-serveren bruger de sam-me indstillinger Tastaturindstillingerne defineres nu i konfigurationsfilen etcdefaultkeyboardog disse indstillinger tilsidesaeligtter tastaturindstillingerne fra Xorgs konfigurationsfil

Pakkenconsole-setupharingndterer nu tastaturet i begge miljoslasher og skrifttypeindstillingerne i konsol-len Du kan aeligndre tastaturindstillinger med mere ved at udfoslashredpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configurationeller ved at redigere konfigurationsfilen etcdefaultkeyboard manuelt

216 Indstilling af grafiktilstand er flyttet til kernen

Indstilling af grafiktilstand (mode) for de mest gaeligngse chipset til skrivebordscomputere (fra Intel ATIAMDog NVIDIA) er blevet flyttet fra de respektive Xorg-drivere til Linux-kernen Dette har flere fordeleblandt andet

bull Skift til og fra hviletilstand er mere stabil

bull Grafikenheder kan bruges uden X

bull Hurtigere skift mellem virtuelle terminaler

bull Tekstkonsol i oprindelig tilstand

Yderligere oplysninger kan findes under Afsnit 57 og i Debians wiki (httpwikidebianorgKernelModesetting)

2 Denne aeligndring indebaeligrer at kravene til diskplads til opgavepakker der vaeliglges i installeringsprogrammet til debian ogsaringer blevet stoslashrre Yderligere information kan findes i afsnittet ldquoNoslashdvendig diskplads til opgavepakkerrdquo i Installeringsvejledningen(httpwwwdebianorgreleasesstableinstallmanual)

3 Afhaeligngighederne erklaeligres med det teksthoved-format der er specificeret i Linux Standard Base (LSB)

KAPITEL 2 NYT I DEBIAN GNULINUX 60 22 OMFATTENDE UNDERSTOslashTTELSE AFhellip

217 LDAP-understoslashttelseDenne udgave af Debian indeholder flere muligheder til at implementere autentificering med LDAP paringklientsiden Brugere af pakkerne libnss-ldap og libpam-ldap boslashr overveje at opgradere til libnss-ldapd og libpam-ldapd

Disse nyere pakker uddelegerer LDAP-foresposlashrgslerne til en central upriveligeret daeligmon (nslcd)som sikrer opdeling mellem processen der bruger LDAP-oplysningerne og daeligmonen der udfoslashrer LDAP-foresposlashrgslerne Denne opdeling goslashr haringndtering af sikrede LDAP-forbindelser og LDAP-autentificeringsinformationenklere giver en enklere mekanisme til at udfoslashre skift til andre forbindelser ved fejl og fejlsoslashgning oggoslashr det i de fleste programmer unoslashdvendigt at indlaeligse LDAP- og tilhoslashrende programbiblioteker

Opgradering til libnss-ldapd og libpam-ldapd boslashr vaeligre let da eksisterende konfigurationerfor det meste bliver genbrugt Kun ved avanceret konfiguration er manuel redigering noslashdvendig

Disse pakker mangler i oslashjeblikket understoslashttelse for indlejrede grupper og understoslashtter kun aeligndringaf adgangskode ved hjaeliglp af LDAP password modify exended operation

218 Sektionen stable-updatesNogle pakker fraproposed-updates goslashres ogsaring tilgaeligngelige gennemsqueeze-updates-mekanismenDenne sti bruges til opdateringer som mange brugere vil installere paring deres system foslashr den naeligstepunktopdatering laves Det kan vaeligre opdateringer til virusskannere og tidszonedata Alle pakker frasqueeze-updates medtages senere i en punktopdatering

Bemaeligrk at dette traeligder i stedet for den funktionalitet som volatiledebianorg-arkivet (httpvolatiledebianorg) gav

For at bruge pakker fra squeeze-updates kan du foslashje foslashlgende linjer til filen sourceslist

deb httpmirrorskernelorgdebian squeeze-updates main contribdeb-src httpmirrorskernelorgdebian squeeze-updates main contrib

Naeligste gang du udfoslashrer kommandoen apt-get update vil systemet opdage pakkerne i sektionen squeeze-updates og de tages i betragtning naringr der ledes efter pakker der skal opdateres

Note that if APTDefault-Release is set in your etcaptaptconf (or in any of etcaptaptconfd) then in order for automatic upgrades to work it is necessary to add the followingconfiguration block into etcaptpreferences (see apt_preferences(5) for more information)

Package Pin release o=Debian GNULinuxn=squeeze-updatesPin-Priority 990

Naringr en ny pakke goslashres tilgaeligngelig isqueeze-updates bliver det offentliggjort paring postlisten debian-stable-announce (httplistsdebianorgdebian-stable-announce)

219 backportsorgbackportsdebianorgTjenesten der gives i backportsorg-arkiverne er blevet integreret i Debians infrastruktur og er nu enofficiel Debian-tjeneste (httpwwwdebianorgNews201020100905) der udbydes paring back-portsdebianorg (httpbackportsdebianorg)

22 Omfattende understoslashttelse af neuroradiologisk forskningDebian GNULinux 60 er den foslashrste GNULinux-distribution nogensinde der tilbyder omfattende un-derstoslashttelse af MRI-baseret neuroradiologisk forskning Distributionen kommer med opdateret softwa-re til strukturel billedanalyse (for eksempel ants) diffusion imaging og traktografi (for eksempel mrtrix) stimuluslevering (for eksempel psychopy) MRI-sekvensudvikling (for eksempel odin)lige somdet ogsaring kommer med et antal alsidige programsamlinger til databehandling og -anayse (for eksem-pel nipype) Herudover understoslashtter denne udgave alle vaeligsentlige neuroradiologiske billedformaterSe opgavepakkesiderne Debian Science (httpblendsaliothdebianorgsciencetasksneuroscience-cognitive) og Debian Med (httpdebian-medaliothdebianorgtasksimaging) for en udtoslashmmende liste over software der er medtaget og NeuroDebians (httpneurodebiannet) webside for yderligere oplysninger

Kapitel 3

Installeringssystemet

Debian Installer er Debians officielle installeringssystem Det tilbyder en raeligkke forskellige installerings-metoder Hvilke af disse som fungerer paring dit system afhaelignger af din platform

Aftryk af installeringsprogrammet til squeeze kan findes sammen med installeringsguiden paring Debi-ans hjemmeside (httpwwwdebianorgreleasesstabledebian-installer)

Installeringsguiden findes ogsaring inkluderet paring den foslashrste cd-dvd-skive af de officielle cd-dvd-skiverparing

docinstallmanualdaindexhtml

Du vil maringske ogsaring laeligse errata (httpwwwdebianorgreleasesstabledebian-installerindexerrata ) til debian-installer hvor en liste over kendte problemer findes

31 Hvad er nyt i installeringssystemet

Det er sket en hel del udvikling af Debian Installer siden dens foslashrste officielle udgivelse med DebianGNULinux 31 (sarge) som resulterede i baringde forbedret understoslashttelse af hardware samt i et antal nyespaeligndende funktioner

I disse Kommentarer til udgaven vil vi kun opliste de stoslashrre aeligndringer i installeringsprogrammetLaeligs udgivelsesnoterne til beta- og RC-udgaverne i nyhedsarkivet (httpwwwdebianorgdeveldebian-installerNews) til Debian Installer hvis du er interesseret i en oversigt over detaljeredeaeligndringer siden lenny

311 Stoslashrre aeligndringer

Platforme som ikke laeligngere er understoslashttet Understoslashttelse af arkitekturerne Alpha (alpha) ARM (arm)og HP PA-RISC (hppa) er fjernet fra installeringsprogrammet ARM-arkitekturen fordi den erblevet uaktuel pga ARM EABI-porteringen (armel)

Hjaeliglp under installeringsprocessen Dialogerne der vises under installeringsprocessen tilbyder nu enhjaeliglpefunktion Selv om den ikke anvendes i alle dialoger saring vil denne egenskab blive anvendt of-tere i komende udgaver Dette vil forbedre brugeroplevelsen under installeringsprocessen specieltfor nye brugere

Installering af anbefalede pakker Som standard vil systemet installere alle anbefalede pakker gennemhele processen bortset fra nogle bestemte situationer hvor de generelle indstillinger giver et uoslashn-sket resultat

Automatisk installering af hardware-specifikke pakker Systemet vil automatisk vaeliglge at installere hardware-specifikke pakker naringr disse er relevante Dette opnarings ved at bruge discover-pkginstall frapakken discover

Understoslashttelse af installering af tidligere udgaver Installeringssystemet kan ogsaring bruges til at installe-re tidligere udgaver eksempelvis lenny

KAPITEL 3 INSTALLERINGSSYSTEMET 31 HVADERNYT I INSTALLERINGSSYSTEMET

Forbedret valg af filspejl Installeringssystemet giver bedre understoslashttelse af installering af squeeze saringvel som lenny og tidligere udgaver (ved at bruge archivedebianorg) Herudover kontrollerer sy-stemet at det valgte filspejl fungerer og indeholder den seneste udgave

AEligndringer i partitionsfunktionerne Denne udgave af installeringssystemet understoslashtter ogsaring filsyste-met ext4 og det forenkler ogsaring oprettelse af RAID LVM og krypteringsbeskyttede partitioner Un-derstoslashttelse af filsystemet reiserfs indgaringr for tiden ikke som standard det kan dog indlaeligses som etvalgfrit alternativ

Understoslashttelse af indlaeligsning af firmware-debianpakker under installeringen Det er nu muligt at ind-laeligse firmwarepakker fra installeringsmediet i tilgift til flytbare medier dette muliggoslashr oprettelseaf PXE-aftryk samt cd-dvd-aftryk med pakker der har indlejret software

Fra og med Debian 60 er ikke-fri firmware-software flyttet fra hovedarkivet For at installere Debi-an paring hardware som skal bruge ikke-fri firmware-software kan du enten selv tilvejebringe denneunder installeringen eller bruge en forberedt cddvd med softwaren inkluderet Laeligs mere paring Faringfat i Debian (httpwwwdebianorgdistrib) paring Debians hjemmeside for yderligere oplys-ninger

Nye sprog Takket vaeligre den store indsats fra oversaeligttere kan Debian GNULinux nu installeres paring 70sprog Dette er syv sprog flere end i lenny De fleste sprog er tilgaeligngelige i saringvel det tekstbaseredesom i det grafiske installeringsprogram mens visse kun er tilgaeligngelige i det grafiske installerings-program

Sprog som er tilfoslashjet i denne udgave omfatter

bull Asturisk estisk islandsk kazakisk og persisk er foslashjet til det grafiske og det tekstbaseredeinstalleringsprogram

bull Kannada lao sinhala og telugu er foslashjet til det grafiske installeringsprogram

bull Thai var tidligere kun tilgaeligngeligt i det grafiske installeringsprogram men er nu ogsaring foslashjet tildet tekstbaserede installeringsprogram

Paring grund af manglende opdateringer er disse to sprog ikke laeligngere understoslashttet i denne udgavewolof og walisisk

Forbedret lokaliseringsvalg Valg af lokaliseringsrelaterede vaeligrdier (sprog sted og lokalindstilling) ernu mindre knudret og mere fleksibelt Brugere vil nemmere kunne aeligndre systemet efter dereslokaliseringsbehov samtidig med at det er nemt at anvende for brugere der oslashnsker at vaeliglge delokaliserings-indstillinger som er almindeligst for det land de bor i

Desuden er konsekvensen af valg af lokaliseringsindstillinger (eksempelvis tidszone tastaturud-laeliggning og valg af filspejl) nu mere aringbenlyse for brugeren

Installering med et live-system Installeringsprogrammet understoslashtter nu live-systemer paring to maringderFor det foslashrste kan et installeringsprogram som er inkluderet paring mediet med live-systemet bru-ge indholdet af liveesystemet i stedet for en regulaeligr installering af basissystemet For det andetkan installeringsprogrammet nu startes mens live-systemet koslashrer hvilket tillader brugeren at goslash-re andre ting med live-systemet under installeringen Begge egenskaber er indbyggede i de DebianLive-aftryk som findes paring httpcdimagedebianorg

312 Automatisk installeringNogle aeligndringer som er naeligvnt ovenover indebaeligrer ogsaring aeligndringer i understoslashttelsen af automatisk in-stallering med forindstillede filer Dette betyder at hvis du har forindstillede filer der fungerede medinstalleringsprogrammet til lenny saring kan du ikke forvente at disse fungerer med det nye installerings-program uden at de redigeres

Installeringsguiden (httpwwwdebianorgreleasesstableinstallmanual) har et se-parat bilag med omfattende dokumentation for hvordan forindstillinger skal bruges

Kapitel 4

Upgrades from Debian 50 (lenny)

41 Preparing for the upgrade

We suggest that before upgrading you also read the information in Kapitel 5 That chapter covers poten-tial issues not directly related to the upgrade process but which could still be important to know aboutbefore you begin

411 Back up any data or configuration information

Before upgrading your system it is strongly recommended that you make a full backup or at least backup any data or configuration information you cant afford to lose The upgrade tools and process arequite reliable but a hardware failure in the middle of an upgrade could result in a severely damagedsystem

The main things youll want to back up are the contents of etc varlibdpkg varlibaptextended_states and the output of dpkg --get-selections (the quotes are important)If you use aptitude to manage packages on your system you will also want to back up varlibaptitudepkgstates

The upgrade process itself does not modify anything in the home directory However some appli-cations (eg parts of the Mozilla suite and the GNOME and KDE desktop environments) are known tooverwrite existing user settings with new defaults when a new version of the application is first startedby a user As a precaution you may want to make a backup of the hidden files and directories (ldquodotfi-lesrdquo) in users home directories This backup may help to restore or recreate the old settings You mayalso want to inform users about this

Any package installation operation must be run with superuser privileges so either log in as rootor use su or sudo to gain the necessary access rights

The upgrade has a few preconditions you should check them before actually executing the upgrade

412 Inform users in advance

Its wise to inform all users in advance of any upgrades youre planning although users accessing yoursystem via an ssh connection should notice little during the upgrade and should be able to continueworking

If you wish to take extra precautions back up or unmount the home partition before upgradingYou will have to do a kernel upgrade when upgrading to squeeze so a reboot will be necessary

413 Prepare for downtime on services

There might be services that are offered by the system which are associated with packages that willbe included in the upgrade If this is the case please note that during the upgrade these services willbe stopped while their associated packages are being replaced and configured During this time theseservices will not be available

The precise downtime for these services will vary depending on the number of packages being up-graded in the system and it also includes the time the system administrator answers the configuration

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 41 PREPARING FOR THE UPGRADE

questions from different package upgrades (if any) Notice that if the upgrade process is left unatten-ded and the system requests input throughout the upgrade there is a high possibility of services beingunavailable1 for a significant period of time

If the system being upgraded provides critical services for your users or the network2 you can reducethe downtime if you do a minimal system upgrade as described in Section 444 followed by a kernelupgrade and reboot (see Section 445) and then upgrade the packages associated with your critical ser-vices Upgrade these packages prior to doing the full upgrade described in Section 446 This way youcan ensure that these critical services are running and available through the full upgrade process andtheir downtime is reduced

414 Prepare for recovery

Because of the many changes in the kernel between lenny and squeeze regarding drivers hardware di-scovery and the naming and ordering of device files there is a real risk that you may experience problemsrebooting your system after the upgrade A lot of known potential issues are documented in this and thenext chapters of these Release Notes

For that reason it makes sense to ensure that you will be able to recover if your system should fail toreboot or for remotely managed systems fail to bring up networking

If you are upgrading remotely via an ssh link it is highly recommended that you take the necessaryprecautions to be able to access the server through a remote serial terminal There is a chance that afterupgrading the kernel and rebooting some devices will be renamed (as described in Section 462 ) andyou will have to fix the system configuration through a local console Also if the system is rebootedaccidentally in the middle of an upgrade there is a chance you will need to recover using a local console

The most obvious thing to try first is to reboot with your old kernel However for various reasonsdocumented elsewhere in this document this is not guaranteed to work

If that fails you will need an alternative way to boot your system so you can access and repair it Oneoption is to use a special rescue image or a Linux live CD After booting from that you should be able tomount your root file system and chroot into it to investigate and fix the problem

Another option wed like to recommend is to use the rescue mode of the squeeze Debian InstallerThe advantage of using the installer is that you can choose between its many installation methods forone that best suits your situation For more information please consult the section ldquoRecovering a Bro-ken Systemrdquo in chapter 8 of the Installation Guide (httpwwwdebianorgreleasesstableinstallmanual) and the Debian Installer FAQ (httpwikidebianorgDebianInstallerFAQ)

4141 Debug shell during boot using initrd

The initramfs-tools includes a debug shell3 in the initrds it generates If for example the initrdis unable to mount your root file system you will be dropped into this debug shell which has basiccommands available to help trace the problem and possibly fix it

Basic things to check are presence of correct device files in dev what modules are loaded (cat procmodules) output of dmesg for errors loading drivers The output of dmesg will also show whatdevice files have been assigned to which disks you should check that against the output of echo $ROOTto make sure that the root file system is on the expected device

If you do manage to fix the problem typing exit will quit the debug shell and continue the bootprocess at the point it failed Of course you will also need to fix the underlying problem and regeneratethe initrd so the next boot wont fail again

415 Prepare a safe environment for the upgrade

The distribution upgrade should be done either locally from a textmode virtual console (or a directlyconnected serial terminal) or remotely via an ssh link

1 If the debconf priority is set to a very high level you might prevent configuration prompts but services that rely on defaultanswers that are not applicable to your system will fail to start

2 For example DNS or DHCP services specially when there is no redundancy or failover In the DHCP case end-users mightbe disconnected from the network if the lease time is lower than the time it takes for the upgrade process to complete

3 This feature can be disabled by adding the parameter panic=0 to your boot parameters

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 42 CHECKING SYSTEM STATUS

Important

If you are using some VPN services (such as tinc) they might not be availablethroughout the upgrade process Please see Section 413

In order to gain extra safety margin when upgrading remotely we suggest that you run upgradeprocesses in the virtual console provided by the screen program which enables safe reconnection andensures the upgrade process is not interrupted even if the remote connection process fails

Important

You should not upgrade using telnet rlogin rsh or from an X session managedby xdm gdm or kdm etc on the machine you are upgrading That is because eachof those services may well be terminated during the upgrade which can result inan inaccessible system that is only half-upgraded Use of the GNOME applicationupdate-manager is strongly discouraged for upgrades to new releases as thistool relies on the desktop session remaining active

416 Remove conflicting packages

Due to bug 512951 (httpbugsdebianorg512951) the splashy package needs to be purgedprior to the upgrade

apt-get purge splashy

42 Checking system status

The upgrade process described in this chapter has been designed for upgrades from ldquopurerdquo lenny sy-stems without third-party packages For the greatest reliability of the upgrade process you may wish toremove third-party packages from your system before you begin upgrading

Direct upgrades from Debian releases older than 50 (lenny) are not supported Please follow theinstructions in the Release Notes for Debian GNULinux 50 (httpwwwdebianorgreleaseslennyreleasenotes) to upgrade to 50 first

This procedure also assumes your system has been updated to the latest point release of lenny If youhave not done this or are unsure follow the instructions in Afsnit A1

421 Review actions pending in package manager

In some cases the use of apt-get for installing packages instead of aptitude might make aptitude considera package as ldquounusedrdquo and schedule it for removal In general you should make sure the system is fullyup-to-date and ldquocleanrdquo before proceeding with the upgrade

Because of this you should review if there are any pending actions in the package manager aptitudeIf a package is scheduled for removal or update in the package manager it might negatively impact theupgrade procedure Note that correcting this is only possible if your sourceslist still points to lennyand not to stable or squeeze see Afsnit A2

To perform this review launch aptitude in ldquovisual moderdquo and press g (ldquoGordquo) If it shows any actionsyou should review them and either fix them or implement the suggested actions If no actions are sugge-sted you will be presented with a message saying ldquoNo packages are scheduled to be installed removedor upgradedrdquo

422 Disabling APT pinningIf you have configured APT to install certain packages from a distribution other than stable (eg fromtesting) you may have to change your APT pinning configuration (stored in etcaptpreferences)to allow the upgrade of packages to the versions in the new stable release Further information on APTpinning can be found in apt_preferences(5)

423 Checking packages statusRegardless of the method used for upgrading it is recommended that you check the status of all packagesfirst and verify that all packages are in an upgradable state The following command will show anypackages which have a status of Half-Installed or Failed-Config and those with any error status

dpkg --audit

You could also inspect the state of all packages on your system using dselect aptitude or with com-mands such as

dpkg -l | pager

dpkg --get-selections gt ~curr-pkgstxt

It is desirable to remove any holds before upgrading If any package that is essential for the upgradeis on hold the upgrade will fail

Note that aptitude uses a different method for registering packages that are on hold than apt-get anddselect You can identify packages on hold for aptitude with

aptitude search ~ahold

If you want to check which packages you had on hold for apt-get you should use

dpkg --get-selections | grep hold

If you changed and recompiled a package locally and didnt rename it or put an epoch in the versionyou must put it on hold to prevent it from being upgraded

The ldquoholdrdquo package state for apt-get can be changed using

echo package_name hold | dpkg --set-selections

Replace hold with install to unset the ldquoholdrdquo stateIf there is anything you need to fix it is best to make sure your sourceslist still refers to lenny

as explained in Afsnit A2

424 The proposed-updates sectionIf you have listed the proposed-updates section in your etcaptsourceslist file you shouldremove it from that file before attempting to upgrade your system This is a precaution to reduce thelikelihood of conflicts

425 Unofficial sources and backportsIf you have any non-Debian packages on your system you should be aware that these may be removedduring the upgrade because of conflicting dependencies If these packages were installed by adding anextra package archive in your etcaptsourceslist you should check if that archive also offerspackages compiled for squeeze and change the source line accordingly at the same time as your sourcelines for Debian packages

Some users may have unofficial backported ldquonewerrdquo versions of packages that are in Debian installedon their lenny system Such packages are most likely to cause problems during an upgrade as they mayresult in file conflicts4 Section 45 has some information on how to deal with file conflicts if they shouldoccur

4 Debians package management system normally does not allow a package to remove or replace a file owned by anotherpackage unless it has been defined to replace that package

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 43 PREPARING SOURCES FOR APT

43 Preparing sources for APTBefore starting the upgrade you must set upapts configuration file for package listsetcaptsourceslist

apt will consider all packages that can be found via any ldquodebrdquo line and install the package with thehighest version number giving priority to the first line in the file (thus where you have multiple mirrorlocations youd typically first name a local hard disk then CD-ROMs and then HTTPFTP mirrors)

A release can often be referred to both by its codename (eg lenny squeeze) and by its statusname (ie oldstable stable testing unstable) Referring to a release by its codename has theadvantage that you will never be surprised by a new release and for this reason is the approach takenhere It does of course mean that you will have to watch out for release announcements yourself If youuse the status name instead you will just see loads of updates for packages available as soon as a releasehas happened

431 Adding APT Internet sourcesThe default configuration is set up for installation from main Debian Internet servers but you may wishto modify etcaptsourceslist to use other mirrors preferably a mirror that is network-wiseclosest to you

Debian HTTP or FTP mirror addresses can be found athttpwwwdebianorgdistribftplist(look at the ldquolist of Debian mirrorsrdquo section) HTTP mirrors are generally speedier than FTP mirrors

For example suppose your closest Debian mirror is httpmirrorskernelorg When in-specting that mirror with a web browser or FTP program you will notice that the main directories areorganized like this

httpmirrorskernelorgdebiandistssqueezemainbinary-mipshttpmirrorskernelorgdebiandistssqueezecontribbinary-mips

To use this mirror with apt you add this line to your sourceslist file

deb httpmirrorskernelorgdebian squeeze main contrib

Note that the dists is added implicitly and the arguments after the release name are used to ex-pand the path into multiple directories

After adding your new sources disable the previously existing ldquodebrdquo lines in sourceslist byplacing a hash sign () in front of them

432 Adding APT sources for a local mirrorInstead of using HTTP or FTP package mirrors you may wish to modify etcaptsourceslist touse a mirror on a local disk (possibly mounted over NFS)

For example your package mirror may be under varftpdebian and have main directorieslike this

varftpdebiandistssqueezemainbinary-mipsvarftpdebiandistssqueezecontribbinary-mips

To use this with apt add this line to your sourceslist file

deb filevarftpdebian squeeze main contrib

433 Adding APT source from CD-ROM or DVDIf you want to use CDs only comment out the existing ldquodebrdquo lines in etcaptsourceslist byplacing a hash sign () in front of them

Make sure there is a line in etcfstab that enables mounting your CD-ROM drive at the cdrommount point (the exact cdrom mount point is required for apt-cdrom) For example if devhdc isyour CD-ROM drive etcfstab should contain a line like

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 44 UPGRADING PACKAGES

devhdc cdrom auto defaultsnoautoro 0 0

Note that there must be no spaces between the words defaultsnoautoro in the fourth fieldTo verify it works insert a CD and try running

mount cdrom this will mount the CD to the mount point ls -alF cdrom this should show the CDs root directory umount cdrom this will unmount the CD

Next run

apt-cdrom add

for each Debian Binary CD-ROM you have to add the data about each CD to APTs database

44 Upgrading packages

The recommended way to upgrade from previous Debian GNULinux releases is to use the packagemanagement tool apt-get In previous releases aptitude was recommended for this purpose but recentversions of apt-get provide equivalent functionality and also have shown to more consistently give thedesired upgrade results

Dont forget to mount all needed partitions (notably the root and usr partitions) read-write with acommand like

mount -o remountrw mountpoint

Next you should double-check that the APT source entries (in etcaptsourceslist) refereither to ldquosqueezerdquo or to ldquostablerdquo There should not be any sources entries pointing to lenny

Source lines for a CD-ROM might sometimes refer to ldquounstablerdquo although thismay be confusing you should not change it

441 Recording the session

It is strongly recommended that you use the usrbinscript program to record a transcript of the upgradesession Then if a problem occurs you will have a log of what happened and if needed can provide exactinformation in a bug report To start the recording type

script -t 2gt~upgrade-squeezesteptime -a ~upgrade-squeezestepscript

or similar If you have to rerun the typescript (eg if you have to reboot the system) use different stepvalues to indicate which step of the upgrade you are logging Do not put the typescript file in a temporarydirectory such as tmp or vartmp (files in those directories may be deleted during the upgrade orduring any restart)

The typescript will also allow you to review information that has scrolled off-screen If you are atthe systems console just switch to VT2 (using Alt+F2) and after logging in use less -R ~rootupgrade-squeezescript to view the file

After you have completed the upgrade you can stop script by typing exit at the promptIf you have used the -t switch for script you can use the scriptreplay program to replay the whole

session

scriptreplay ~upgrade-squeezetime ~upgrade-squeezescript

442 Updating the package listFirst the list of available packages for the new release needs to be fetched This is done by executing

apt-get update

443 Make sure you have sufficient space for the upgradeYou have to make sure before upgrading your system that you have sufficient hard disk space when youstart the full system upgrade described in Section 446 First any package needed for installation that isfetched from the network is stored in varcacheaptarchives (and the partial subdirectoryduring download) so you must make sure you have enough space on the file system partition that holdsvar to temporarily download the packages that will be installed in your system After the downloadyou will probably need more space in other file system partitions in order to both install upgraded pack-ages (which might contain bigger binaries or more data) and new packages that will be pulled in for theupgrade If your system does not have sufficient space you might end up with an incomplete upgradethat might be difficult to recover from

apt-get can show you detailed information of the disk space needed for the installation Before execu-ting the upgrade you can see this estimate by running

apt-get -o APTGetTrivial-Only=true dist-upgrade[ ]XXX upgraded XXX newly installed XXX to remove and XXX not upgradedNeed to get xxxMB of archivesAfter this operation AAAMB of additional disk space will be used

Running this command at the beginning of the upgrade process may give an errorfor the reasons described in the next sections In that case you will need to waituntil youve done the minimal system upgrade as in Section 444 and upgradedyour kernel before running this command to estimate the disk space

If you do not have enough space for the upgrade apt-get will warn you with a message like this

E You dont have enough free space in varcacheaptarchives

In this situation make sure you free up space beforehand You can

bull Remove packages that have been previously downloaded for installation (at varcacheaptarchives) Cleaning up the package cache by running apt-get clean will remove all previouslydownloaded package files

bull Remove forgotten packages If you have popularity-contest installed you can use popcon-largest-unused to list the packages you do not use that occupy the most space You can also usedeborphan or debfoster to find obsolete packages (see Section 49 ) Alternatively you can startaptitude in ldquovisual moderdquo and find obsolete packages under ldquoObsolete and Locally Created Pack-agesrdquo

bull Remove packages that take up too much space and are not currently needed (you can always rein-stall them after the upgrade) You can list the packages that take up the most disk space with dpigs(available in the debian-goodies package) or with wajig (running wajig size)You can list packages that take up most of the disk space with aptitude Start aptitude in ldquovisualmoderdquo select Views rarr New Flat Package List press l and enter ~i press S and enter ~installsize then it will give you nice list to work with

bull Remove translations and localization files from the system if they are not needed You can install thelocalepurge package and configure it so that only a few selected locales are kept in the systemThis will reduce the disk space consumed at usrsharelocale

bull Temporarily move to another system or permanently remove system logs residing under varlog

bull Use a temporary varcacheaptarchives You can use a temporary cache directory fromanother filesystem (USB storage device temporary hard disk filesystem already in use )

Do not use an NFS mount as the network connection could be interruptedduring the upgrade

For example if you have a USB drive mounted on mediausbkey

1 remove the packages that have been previously downloaded for installation

apt-get clean

2 copy the directory varcacheaptarchives to the USB drive

cp -ax varcacheaptarchives mediausbkey

3 mount the temporary cache directory on the current one

mount --bind mediausbkeyarchives varcacheaptarchives

4 after the upgrade restore the original varcacheaptarchives directory

umount mediausbkeyarchives

5 remove the remaining mediausbkeyarchives

You can create the temporary cache directory on whatever filesystem is mounted on your system

bull Do a minimal upgrade of the system (see Section 444) or partial upgrades of the system followedby a full upgrade This will make it possible to upgrade the system partially and allow you to cleanthe package cache before the full upgrade

Note that in order to safely remove packages it is advisable to switch your sourceslist back tolenny as described in Afsnit A2

444 Minimal system upgrade

In some cases doing the full upgrade (as described below) directly might remove large numbers of pa-ckages that you will want to keep We therefore recommend a two-part upgrade process first a minimalupgrade to overcome these conflicts then a full upgrade as described in Section 446

To do this first run

apt-get upgrade

This has the effect of upgrading those packages which can be upgraded without requiring any otherpackages to be removed or installed

The minimal system upgrade can also be useful when the system is tight on space and a full upgradecannot be run due to space constrains

445 Upgrading the kernel and udevThe udev version in squeeze requires a kernel of version 2626 or newer with the CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED option disabled and the CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER and CONFIG_SIGNALFD options enabledBecause the standard Debian kernels in lenny (version 2626) have CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED enab-led and the udev version in lenny will not provide all the functionality expected by the latest kernelsspecial care must be taken when upgrading to avoid putting your system in an unbootable state

Booting the 2626 kernel from lenny with the udev from squeeze may result in a failure to correctlyassign names to network devices and will also fail to apply certain additional permissions to block de-vices (such as access by the disk group) The software itself will appear to be working but some rules(for example network-based rules) will not be loaded properly It is therefore strongly recommendedthat you upgrade the kernel on its own at this point to ensure a compatible kernel is available beforeupgrading udev

To proceed with this kernel upgrade run

apt-get install linux-image-26-flavor

See Section 461 for help in determining which flavor of kernel package you should installThe move of some firmware to separate packages in the non-free archive (see Afsnit 212) means that

it may be necessary to install additional firmware packages after upgrading to the new kernel to supportsome hardware Some hardware that was operating correctly before the upgrade might fail to work oncethe kernel is upgraded Look out for warning messages from the kernel install or initramfs generationscripts and make sure the necessary firmware packages are installed

Immediately after upgrading the kernel you should also install the new udev to minimize the riskof other incompatibilities caused by using the old udev with a new kernel 5 You can do this by running

apt-get install udev

You should reboot the system 6 once you have upgraded both the kernel and udev

446 Upgrading the systemOnce you have taken the previous steps you are now ready to continue with the main part of the upgradeExecute

apt-get dist-upgrade

The upgrade process for other releases recommended the use of aptitude for theupgrade This tool is not recommended for upgrades from lenny to squeeze

This will perform a complete upgrade of the system ie install the newest available versions of allpackages and resolve all possible dependency changes between packages in different releases If neces-sary it will install some new packages (usually new library versions or renamed packages) and removeany conflicting obsoleted packages

When upgrading from a set of CD-ROMs (or DVDs) you will be asked to insert specific CDs at severalpoints during the upgrade You might have to insert the same CD multiple times this is due to inter-related packages that have been spread out over the CDs

New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the installstatus of another package will be left at their current version (displayed as ldquoheld backrdquo) This can beresolved by either using aptitude to choose these packages for installation or by trying apt-get -finstall package

5 There are also known incompatibilities between the old kernel and the new udev If you find issues after the reboot with thenew kernel you will have to downgrade the udev in order to use the old one

6 If you are logging the upgrade as described in Section 44 please use script again to log the next steps of the upgrade afterthe reboot in order to log the result of the actions described in Section 446

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 45 POSSIBLE ISSUES DURING UPGRADE

45 Possible issues during upgrade

The following sections describe known issues that might appear during an upgrade to squeeze

451 cryptoloop support not included in the squeeze Linux kernel

Support for cryptoloop has been dropped from the Linux kernel packages included in Debian 60 Exi-sting installations using cryptoloop need to be transitioned to dm-crypt before the upgrade

452 Expected removals

The upgrade process to squeeze might ask for removal of packages in the system The precise list ofpackages will vary depending on the set of packages that you have installed These release notes givegeneral advice on these removals but if in doubt it is recommended that you examine the packageremovals proposed by each method before proceeding

Some common packages that are expected to be removed include autofs (replaced by autofs5)dhcp3 (replaced by isc-dhcp) madwifi-source and python24 (replaced by python26) For mo-re information about packages obsoleted in squeeze see Section 49

453 Errors running aptitude or apt-get

If an operation using aptitude apt-get or dpkg fails with the error

E Dynamic MMap ran out of room

the default cache space is insufficient You can solve this by either removing or commenting lines youdont need in etcaptsourceslist or increasing the cache size The cache size can be increasedby setting APTCache-Limit in etcaptaptconf The following command will set it to a valuethat should be sufficient for the upgrade

echo APTCache-Limit 12500000 gtgt etcaptaptconf

This assumes that you do not yet have this variable set in that file

454 Conflicts or Pre-Depends loops

Sometimes its necessary to enable theAPTForce-LoopBreak option in APT to be able to temporarilyremove an essential package due to a ConflictsPre-Depends loop apt-get will alert you of this and abortthe upgrade You can work around this by specifying the option -o APTForce-LoopBreak=1 onthe apt-get command line

It is possible that a systems dependency structure can be so corrupt as to require manual interventionUsually this means using apt-get or

dpkg --remove package_name

to eliminate some of the offending packages or

apt-get -f install dpkg --configure --pending

In extreme cases you might have to force re-installation with a command like

dpkg --install pathtopackage_namedeb

455 File conflicts

File conflicts should not occur if you upgrade from a ldquopurerdquo lenny system but can occur if you haveunofficial backports installed A file conflict will result in an error like

Unpacking ltpackage-foogt (from ltpackage-foo-filegt) dpkg error processing ltpackage-foogt (--install)trying to overwrite `ltsome-file-namegtwhich is also in package ltpackage-bargt

dpkg-deb subprocess paste killed by signal (Broken pipe)Errors were encountered while processingltpackage-foogt

You can try to solve a file conflict by forcibly removing the package mentioned on the last line of theerror message

dpkg -r --force-depends package_name

After fixing things up you should be able to resume the upgrade by repeating the previously descri-bed apt-get commands

456 Configuration changes

During the upgrade you will be asked questions regarding the configuration or re-configuration of se-veral packages When you are asked if any file in the etcinitd directory or the etcmanpathconfig file should be replaced by the package maintainers version its usually necessary to answeryes to ensure system consistency You can always revert to the old versions since they will be saved

with a dpkg-old extensionIf youre not sure what to do write down the name of the package or file and sort things out at a later

time You can search in the typescript file to review the information that was on the screen during theupgrade

457 Change of session to console

If you are running the upgrade using the systems local console you might find that at some points duringthe upgrade the console is shifted over to a different view and you lose visibility of the upgrade processFor example this will happen in desktop systems when gdm is restarted

To recover the console where the upgrade was running you will have to use Ctrl+Alt+F1 to switchback to the virtual terminal 1 if in the graphical startup screen or use Alt+F1 if in the local text-modeconsole Replace F1 with the function key with the same number of the virtual terminal the upgradewas running in You can also use Alt+Left Arrow or Alt+Right Arrow to switch between the differenttext-mode terminals

458 Special care for specific packages

In most cases packages should upgrade smoothly between lenny and squeeze There are a small numberof cases where some intervention may be required either before or during the upgrade these are detailedbelow on a per-package basis

4581 Evolution

Evolution (the GNOME Desktop mail client) has been updated from version 222 to 230 This chan-ges the storage format used by the package for local data and there is a possibility of data loss if theupgrade is performed whilst evolution is running Exiting the application itself may not be sufficientas various related components will continue to run in the background To avoid any potential issues itis recommended that you completely exit your desktop environment before beginning the upgrade tosqueeze

As part of the upgrade process evolution will check whether any related processes are runningand will recommend that they be closed A secondary check for processes will then be performed ifnecessary a choice will be offered between allowing the remaining processes to be killed or aborting theupgrade in order to resolve the situation by hand

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 46 UPGRADING YOUR KERNEL ANDhellip

46 Upgrading your kernel and related packages

This section explains how to upgrade your kernel and identifies potential issues related to this upgradeYou can either install one of thelinux-image-packages provided by Debian or compile a customizedkernel from source

Note that a lot of information in this section is based on the assumption that you will be using one ofthe modular Debian kernels together with initramfs-tools and udev If you choose to use a customkernel that does not require an initrd or if you use a different initrd generator some of the informationmay not be relevant for you

461 Installing the kernel metapackage

When you dist-upgrade from lenny to squeeze it is strongly recommended that you install a new linux-image-26- metapackage This package may be installed automatically by the dist-upgrade process Youcan verify this by running

dpkg -l linux-image | grep ^ii

If you do not see any output then you will need to install a new linux-image package by hand To seea list of available linux-image-26 metapackages run

apt-cache search linux-image-26- | grep -v transition

If you are unsure about which package to select run uname -r and look for a package with a similarname For example if you see 2626-2-686 it is recommended that you install linux-image-26-686 You may also use apt-cache to see a long description of each package in order to help choose thebest one available For example

apt-cache show linux-image-26-686

You should then use apt-get install to install it Once this new kernel is installed you shouldreboot at the next available opportunity to get the benefits provided by the new kernel version

For the more adventurous there is an easy way to compile your own custom kernel on Debian GNULi-nux Install thekernel-package tool and read the documentation inusrsharedockernel-packageAlternatively you can also use the kernel sources provided in the linux-source-26 package Youcan make use of the deb-pkg target available in the sources makefile for building a binary packageThere are some differences in these two approaches please consult the respective packages documenta-tion

If possible it is to your advantage to upgrade the kernel package separately from the main dist-upgrade to reduce the chances of a temporarily non-bootable system Note that this should only be doneafter the minimal upgrade process described in Section 444

462 Device enumeration reordering

In lenny and later a new kernel mechanism for hardware discovery may change the order in whichdevices are discovered on your system on each boot affecting the device names assigned to them Forexample if you have two network adapters that are associated with two different drivers the deviceseth0 and eth1 refer to may be swapped

For network devices this reordering is normally avoided by the definitions at etcudevrulesd70-persistent-netrules for udev Since these rules were already in place in lenny no addi-tional action should be required when upgrading to squeeze to get the benefit of stable network devi-ce names Please note however that this udev mechanism means that a given network device nameis tied to a particular piece of hardware if you for instance exchange ethernet adapters in a deploy-ed squeeze system the new adapter will get a new interface name instead of using the existing oneTo reuse an existing device name for new hardware you will need to delete the associated entry frometcudevrulesd70-persistent-netrules

For storage devices you may be able to avoid this reordering by using initramfs-tools and con-figuring it to load storage device driver modules in the same order they are currently loaded Howeverin light of other changes to the storage subsystem of the Linux kernel as described at Afsnit 511 this isusually not worth the effort and it is recommended instead to use device names that are guaranteed to

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 47 PREPARING FOR THE NEXT RELEASE

be stable over time such as the UUID aliases 7 in the devdiskby-uuid directory or LVM devicenames in devmapper

463 Boot timing issues (waiting for root device)If an initrd created with initramfs-tools is used to boot the system in some cases the creation ofdevice files by udev can happen too late for the boot scripts to act on

The usual symptoms are that the boot will fail because the root file system cannot be mounted andyou are dropped into a debug shell

Gave up waiting for root device Common problems- Boot args (cat proccmdline)

- Check rootdelay= (did the system wait long enough)- Check root= (did the system wait for the right device)

- Missing modules (cat procmodules ls dev)ALERT devsomething does not exist Dropping to a shell(initramfs)

But if you check afterwards all devices that are needed are present in dev This has been observed incases where the root file system is on a USB disk or on RAID especially if LILO is used

A workaround for this issue is to use the boot parameter rootdelay=9 The value for the timeout(in seconds) may need to be adjusted

47 Preparing for the next releaseAfter the upgrade there are several things you can do to prepare for the next release

bull Remove obsolete and unused packages as described in Section 49 You should review which con-figuration files they use and consider purging the packages to remove their configuration files

48 Deprecated componentsWith the next release of Debian GNULinux 70 (codenamed wheezy) some features will be deprecatedUsers will need to migrate to other alternatives to prevent trouble when updating to 70

This includes the following features

bull OpenVZ and Linux-Vserver Debian GNULinux 60 will be the last release to include Linux kernelvirtualization featuresets outside of mainline This means that the OpenVZ and Linux-Vserver fea-turesets should be considered deprecated and users should migrate to linux-26 upstream mergedvirtualization solutions like KVM Linux Containers or Xen

bull The gdm package (GNOME Display Manager version 220) will be obsoleted by gdm3 a rewrittenversion See Afsnit 56 for more information

49 Obsolete packagesIntroducing several thousand new packages squeeze also retires and omits more than four thousandold packages that were in lenny It provides no upgrade path for these obsolete packages While nothingprevents you from continuing to use an obsolete package where desired the Debian project will usuallydiscontinue security support for it a year after squeezes release8 and will not normally provide othersupport in the meantime Replacing them with available alternatives if any is recommended

There are many reasons why packages might have been removed from the distribution they are nolonger maintained upstream there is no longer a Debian Developer interested in maintaining the packa-ges the functionality they provide has been superseded by different software (or a new version) or they

7 Some devices such as those used by crypt RAID or LVM have stable non-UUID identifiers In these cases you should usethe name of the devices which are already unambiguous and stable

8 Or for as long as there is not another release in that time frame Typically only two stable releases are supported at any giventime

KAPITEL 4 UPGRADES FROM DEBIAN 50hellip 49 OBSOLETE PACKAGES

are no longer considered suitable for squeeze due to bugs in them In the latter case packages might stillbe present in the ldquounstablerdquo distribution

Detecting which packages in an updated system are ldquoobsoleterdquo is easy since the package managementfront-ends will mark them as such If you are using aptitude you will see a listing of these packages inthe ldquoObsolete and Locally Created Packagesrdquo entry dselect provides a similar section but the listing itpresents might differ

Also if you have used aptitude or apt-get to manually install packages in lenny it will have kept trackof those packages you manually installed and will be able to mark as obsolete those packages pulled inby dependencies alone which are no longer needed if a package has been removed aptitude and aptunlike deborphan will not mark for removal packages that you manually installed as opposed to thosethat were automatically installed through dependencies To remove automatically installed packages thatare no longer used run

apt-get autoremove

There are additional tools you can use to find obsolete packages such as deborphan debfoster orcruft deborphan is highly recommended although it will (in default mode) only report obsolete libra-ries packages in the ldquolibsrdquo or ldquooldlibsrdquo sections that are not used by any other packages Do notblindly remove the packages these tools present especially if you are using aggressive non-default op-tions that are prone to produce false positives It is highly recommended that you manually review thepackages suggested for removal (ie their contents size and description) before you remove them

The Debian Bug Tracking System (httpbugsdebianorg) often provides additional infor-mation on why the package was removed You should review both the archived bug reports for the pack-age itself and the archived bug reports for the ftpdebianorg pseudo-package (httpbugsdebianorgcgi-binpkgreportcgipkg=ftpdebianorgamparchive=yes)

The list of obsolete packages includes

bull The plone content management suite This has been done on request by the developers to use theUnified Installer for Linux which they consider their only supported deployment platform Therecommended tool for installing Plone on a Debian GNULinux system is the Unified Installeravailable for download from httpploneorg

bull nessus the vulnerability scanning server and its associated libraries and other software It hasbeen deprecated in favor of the software provided by OpenVAS which includes openvas-serverand openvas-client As there is no automatic upgrade path you will have to install OpenVASand manually move over your Nessus service configuration (users certificates etc) to OpenVAS

bull postgresql-83 successor is postgresql-84

bull mysql-server-50 successor is mysql-server-51

bull python24 successor is python26

bull Java 5 software including the packages sun-java5-jre and sun-java5-bin successor is Java6 sun-java6-jre and associated packages

bull apt-proxy is no longer provided alternatives to this tool includeapt-cacher-ngapt-cacherand approx Although no automatic upgrade path exists user of apt-proxy can switch to thesealternatives by manually installing any of these packages

bull Some of Xorgs video drivers are no longer available in squeeze and are obsolete This includesxserver-xorg-video-cyrixxserver-xorg-video-i810xserver-xorg-video-imsttxserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-sunbw2 and xserver-xorg-video-vgaThey might be removed through the upgrade Users should install xserver-xorg-video-allinstead

bull The utility used in lenny to display a splash image at boot time usplash is no longer available Ithas been replaced by plymouth

491 Dummy packagesSome packages from lenny have been split into several packages in squeeze often to improve systemmaintainability To ease the upgrade path in such cases squeeze often provides ldquodummyrdquo packagesempty packages that have the same name as the old package in lenny with dependencies that causethe new packages to be installed These ldquodummyrdquo packages are considered obsolete packages after theupgrade and can be safely removed

Most (but not all) dummy packages descriptions indicate their purpose Package descriptions fordummy packages are not uniform however so you might also find deborphan with the --guess-options (eg --guess-dummy) useful to detect them in your system Note that some dummy packa-ges are not intended to be removed after an upgrade but are instead used to keep track of the currentavailable version of a program over time

Kapitel 5

Ting man skal vaeligre opmaeligrksom paring iforbindelse med squeeze

51 Mulige problemer

Sommetider kan aeligndringer som er introduceret i en ny udgave have bivirkninger som vi ikke medrimelighed kan undgaring eller disse aeligndringer kan afsloslashre fejl andre steder Dette afsnit dokumentererproblemer som vi er bekendt med Laeligs ogsaring gerne errata dokumentationen for de relevante pakkerfejlrapporter og anden information som er naeligvnt i Afsnit 61

511 Migrering af disk-drivere fra IDE- til PATA-delsystemet

Den nye version af Linuxkernen tilbyder forskellige drivere til visse PATA (IDE) controllere Navnene paringvisse harddisk- cdrom- og baringndstation-enheder vil kunne aeligndres

Det anbefales nu at identificere disk-enheder i opsaeligtningsfiler ved maeligrkat eller UUID (unique iden-tifier) i stedet for at bruge enhedens navn Dette vil virke for baringde gamle og nye versioner af kernen Vedopgradering til version squeeze af Debians kerne-pakker vil pakken linux-base tilbyde at foretagedenne aeligndring i opsaeligtningsfilerne for hovedparten af de filsystem-relaterede pakker paring systemet fordig inklusive de forskellige opstartsindlaeligsere som foslashlger med Debian Hvis du vaeliglger ikke at opdateresystemopsaeligtningen automatisk eller hvis du ikke bruger Debians kerne-pakker bliver du selv noslashdt tilat opdatere enheds-IDer foslashr den naeligste genstart af systemet for at sikre dig at det fortsat kan startes

512 AEligndring i formatet paring mdadm-metadata kraeligver en nyere version af Grub

Det foslashlgende beroslashrer kun brugere som oslashnsker at lade opstartsindlaeligseren grub-pc indlaeligse kernen direk-te fra en RAID-enhed som er oprettet med mdadm 3x og standardvaeligrdier eller naringr versionen af metadataer angivet eksplicit ved at bruge tilvalget -e Dette omfatter specifikt alle arrays som er oprettet undereller efter installeringen af Debian squeeze Arrays som er oprettet med aeligldre versioner af mdadm ogRAIDs der er oprettet med kommandolinje-tilvalget -e 09 er ikke beroslashrt

Versioner af grub-pc som er aeligldre end 198+20100720-1 vil ikke kunne starte op direkte fra RAIDmed metadata-formaterne 1x (den nye standard er 12) Brug grub-pc 198+20100720-1 eller nyere somfoslashlger med by Debian squeeze for at sikre dig at systemet kan startes op Et system som ikke kan startesop kan reddes med Super Grub2 Disk (httpwwwsupergrubdiskorgsuper-grub2-disk)eller grml (httpgrmlorg)

513 pam_userdbso fungerer ikke med nyere versioner af libdb

Visse filer fra Berkeley Database version 7 der er oprettet med libdb3 kan ikke laeligses af nyere versioneraf libdb (se fejlrapporten 521860 (httpbugsdebianorg521860)) Som en loslashsning kan filernegenskabes med kommandoen db48_load fra pakken db48-util

KAPITEL 5 TING MAN SKAL VAEligREhellip 52 LDAP-UNDERSTOslashTTELSE

514 Mulige problemer med varianter af binsh

Hvis du tidligere har tilfoslashjet en lokal variant for binsh eller aeligndret symlinket binsh til at pegeparing noget andet end binbash saring kan du stoslashde ind i problemer ved opgradering af pakkerne dasheller bash Bemaeligrk at dette omfatter aeligndringer som skyldes at andre pakker (feks mksh) har faringet lovtil at blive systemets standardskal ved at overtage symlinket til binsh

Hvis du loslashber ind i saringdanne problemer skal du fjerne den lokale variant og soslashrge for at symlinkenetil saringvel binsh og dens manualside peger paring de filer der foslashlger med pakken bash og herefter koslashrekommandoen dpkg-reconfigure -- force dash

dpkg-divert --remove binshdpkg-divert --remove usrsharemanman1sh1gz

ln -sf bash binshln -sf bash1gz usrsharemanman1sh1gz

515 AEligndring i politikken for kernen vedroslashrende ressource-konflikter

Standardindstillingen for parameteren acpi_enforce_resources i Linuxkernen er aeligndret til ldquostrictrdquoDette kan medfoslashre at visse aeligldre sensor-drivere naeliggtes adgang til sensorens hardware Eacuten loslashsning er atfoslashje ldquoacpi_enforce_resources=laxrdquo til kerne-kommandolinjen

52 LDAP-understoslashttelse

En egenskab i kryptografi-bibliotekerne som bruges i LDAP-programbiblioteker bevirker at program-mer som bruger LDAP vil fejle naringr de forsoslashger at aeligndre deres effektive privilegier naringr der forbindestil en LDAP-server der bruger TLS eller SSL Dette kan medfoslashre problemer for suid-programmer paringsystemer som bruger libnss-ldap som sudo su eller schroot og for suid-programmer der udfoslashrerLDAP-soslashgninger som sudo-ldap

Det anbefales at erstatte pakken libnss-ldap med pakken libnss-ldapd som er et nyere pro-grambibliotek der bruger en separat daeligmon (nslcd) til alle LDAP-opslag Erstatningen for pakken libpam-ldap er libpam-ldapd

Bemaeligrk at pakken libnss-ldapd anbefaler NSS-cachedaeligmonen (nscd) som du boslashr kontrollerefor om den passer til dit miljoslash foslashr du installerer den Som et alternativ til pakken nscd kan du overvejepakken unscd

Yderligere information kan findes i fejlrapporterne 566351 (httpbugsdebianorg566351)og 545414 (httpbugsdebianorg545414)

53 Tjenesten sieve flytter til den IANA-tildelte port

IANA-porten som er tildelt ManageSieve er 4190tcp og den gamle port som bruges af timsieved og an-den managesieve-software i mange distributioner (2000tcp) er reserveret Cisco SCCP ifoslashlge the IANAregistry (httpwwwianaorgassignmentsport-numbers)

Begyndende med version 438 af Debianpakken netbase vil tjenesten sieve blive flyttet fra port2000 til port 4190 i filen etcservices

Alle installeringer som brugte tjenestenavnet sieve i stedet for et numerisk portnummer vil skiftetil det nye portnummer i samme oslashjeblik som tjenesterne genstartes eller genindlaeligses og i visse tilfaeligldeumiddelbart efter etcservices er opdateret

Dette vil paringvirke Cyrus IMAP Det kan ogsaring paringvirke anden software som betjener sig af sieve somfeks DoveCot

For at undgaring problemer med nedetid opfordres administratorer af mail-klynger der bruger Debiantil at verificere deres Cyrus- (og sandsynligvis ogsaring DoveCot-) intalleringer og tage forholdsregler imodat tjenester flyttes fra port 2000tcp til port 4190tcp paring enten servere eller klienter

Det er vaeligrd at notere sig at

bull Filen etcservices vil kun blive automatisk opdateret hvis du aldrig har aeligndret den Ellers vildu af dpkg blive praeligsenteret for en prompt som stiller dig sposlashrgsmaringl om aeligndringerne

KAPITEL 5 TING MAN SKAL VAEligREhellip 54 SIKKERHEDSSTATUS PAring WEB-BROWSERE

bull Du kan redigere etcservices og aeligndre sieve-porteringen tilbage til 2000 hvis du oslashnsker(dette anbefales imidlertid ikke)

bull Du kan redigere filen etccyrusconf og enhver anden relevant opsaeligtningsfil for din mail-webmail-klynge (feks i sieves web-graelignseflade) paring forskud og tvinge dem alle til et statisk po-rtnummer

bull Du kan saeligtte cyrus master op til at lytte paring begge porte (2000 and 4190) samtidig og derved undgaringproblemet helt Dette muliggoslashr ogsaring en meget glattere migrering fra port 2000 til port 4190

54 Sikkerhedsstatus paring web-browsereDebian 60 inkluderer adskillige browser-motorer som er paringvirket af en stadig stroslashm af sikkerhedsbristerDen hoslashje forekomst af saringrbarheder og den delvist manglende stoslashtte fra udviklerne i form af langtidsun-derstoslashttede versionsgrene goslashr det meget svaeligrt at understoslashtte disse browsere med bagudporterede sik-kerhedsrettelser Hertil kommer at gensidige afhaeligngigheder mellem programbiblioteker goslashr det umuligtat opdatere til en nyere opstroslashms-udgave Derfor er browsere der bygger paring motorene qtwebkit og khtmlinkluderet i Squeeze men de er ikke fuldt daeligkket af sikkerhedsunderstoslashttelse Vi vil goslashre en indsats forat opspore og bagudportere sikkerhedsrettelser men i almindelighed boslashr disse browsere ikke bruges tilat tilgaring uparinglidelige websteder

Til almindelig brug af web-browser anbefaler vi browsere der bygger paring Mozillas xulrunner-motor(Iceweasel og Iceape) i stedet for browsere der er baseret paring Webkit-motoren (feks Epiphany) eller Chro-mium Xulrunner har haft en god tradition for at vaeligre bagud-porteacuterbar til aeligldre Debian-udgaver igen-nem de tidligere udgivelsescyklusser

Selvom Chromium er bygget paring Webkits kodebase er det en loslashsrevet pakke dvs at hvis bagudporte-ring ikke laeligngere vil vise sig mulig vil der stadig vaeligre mulighed for at opgradere til en senere opstroslashms-udgave (hvilket ikke er muligt for selve webkit-programbiblioteket)

Webkit er understoslashttet opstroslashms i en langtids-vedligeholdelsescyklus

55 KDE-skrivebordetSqueeze er den foslashrste Debian-udgave som har fuld understoslashttelse af den naeligste generation af KDE somer baseret paring Qt 4 De fleste officielle KDE-applikationer er version 445 med undtagelse af pakken kdepim som er version 447 Du kan laeligse announcements from the KDE Project (httpwwwkdeorgannouncements) for at finde ud af mere om aeligndringerne

551 Opgradering fra KDE 3KDE 3 skrivebordsmiljoslashet understoslashttes ikke laeligngere i Debian 60 Ved opgradering vil det automatiskblive erstattet af den nye 44-udgave Eftersom dette er en stoslashrre aeligndring boslashr brugere tage visse for-holdsregler for at soslashrge for saring problemfri en opgraderingsproces som muligt

vigtigt

Det frararingdes at opgradere mens der er en aktiv KDE 3-session paring systemet Ellerskan opgraderingsprocessen goslashre den aktive session dysfunktionel med risiko fordatatab

Efter det foslashrste logind paring det opgraderede system vil eksisterende brugere blive moslashdt med denDebian-KDE-guidede migrerings-procedure som kaldes kaboom og som vil assistere brugeren i pro-cessen med at migrere dennes personlige data og efter hans valg at sikkerhedskopiere den gamle KDE-opsaeligtning Laeligs Kabooms hjemmeside (httppkg-kde aliothdebianorgkaboomhtml)for mere information

Selvom KDE 3-baserede skrivebordsmiljoslasher ikke laeligngere er understoslashttet kan brugere stadig installereog bruge visse individuelle KDE 3-applikationer eftersom de centrale programbiblioteker og binaeligrpro-grammer af KDE 3 (kdelibs) og Qt 3 stadig er tilgaeligngelige i Debian 60 Bemaeligrk imidlertid at disse

KAPITEL 5 TING MAN SKAL VAEligREhellip 56 AEligNDRINGER I OG UNDERSTOslashTTELSEhellip

applikationer maringske ikke er velintegrerede i det nye miljoslash Ydermere vil hverken KDE 3 eller Qt 3 bli-ve understoslashttet i den naeligste Debian-udgave saring hvis du bruger dem raringdes du staeligrkt til at portere dinsoftware til den nye platform

552 Nye KDE-metapakker

Som tidligere bemaeligrket saring indfoslashres der en samling nye KDE-relaterede metapakker i Debian 60

bull Du raringdes staeligrkt til at installere pakken kde-standard til almindelig skrivebordsbrug kde-standardvil installere KDE Plasma Desktop (httpwww kdeorgworkspacesplasmadesktop)som standard og et udvalg af almindeligt brugte applikationer

bull Hvis du oslashnsker et minimalt skrivebord kan du installere pakken kde-plasma-desktop og her-efter vaeliglge de applikationer du har brug for manuelt Dette er omtrent det samme som at installerepakken kde-minimal package der fulgte med Debian 50

bull Til small form factor-enheder er der et alternativt skrivebordsmiljoslash som kaldes KDE Plasma Net-book (httpwwwkdeorgworkspacesplasmanetbook) som kan installeres med pak-ken kde-plasma-netbook Plasma Netbook and Plasma Desktop kan eksistere paring det sammesystem og hvilket af de to systemer der skal bruges som standard kan indstilles i System Settings(erstatning for den tidligere KControl)

bull Hvis du oslashnsker et fuldt udvalg af officielle KDE-applikationer har du mulighed for at installerepakken kde-full Den vil installere KDE Plasma Desktop som standard

56 AEligndringer i og understoslashttelse af GNOME-skrivebordet

Der har vaeligret mange aeligndringer i skrivebordsmiljoslashet GNOME i forhold til den version der fulgte medlenny til versionen i squeeze du kan finde mere information i GNOME 230 Release Notes (httplibrarygnomeorgmiscrelease-notes230) Specifikke problemer er oplistet nedenfor

561 GDM 220 og 230

GNOME Display Manager (GDM) beholdes i version 220 for systemer der er opgraderet fra lenny Den-ne version vil stadig blive vedligeholdt i squeeze-cyklusen men dette er den sidste udgave som dettegoslashres for Nyinstallerede systemer vil faring GDM 230 i stedet som foslashlger med pakken gdm3 Paring grundaf uoverensstemmelser mellem begge versioner vil denne opgradering ikke vaeligre automatisk men detanbefales at installere pakken gdm3 efter opgraderingen til squeeze Dette boslashr goslashres fra konsollen ellermens der kun er eacuten aktiv GNOME-session Bemaeligrk at indstillinger fra GDM 220 vil ikke blive migreretTil et standard skrivebordssystem vil det imidlertid vaeligre tilstraeligkkeligt at installere pakken gdm3

562 Rettigheder til enheder og oslashvrige administrative rettigheder

Specifikke rettigheder til enheder gives automatisk til den bruger der i oslashjeblikket er fysisk logget indparing systemet video- og lyd-enheder netvaeligrk-roaming stroslashmstyring montering af enheder Gruppernecdrom floppy audio video plugdev og powerdev betyder ikke laeligngere noget Laeligs dokumentationentil pakken consolekit for mere information

De fleste grafiske programmer som kraeligver root-rettigheder er nu afhaeligngige af PolicyKit (httpwwwfreedesktoporgwikiSoftwarePolicyKit ) for at opnaring disse i stedet for gksu Denanbefalede maringde at tildele en bruger administrative rettigheder er at foslashje ham til gruppen sudo

563 Vekselvirkning mellem network-manager og ifupdown

Ved opgradering af pakkennetwork-manager vil interfaces som i filenetcnetworkinterfacesuden andre tilvalg er sat op til at bruge DHCP blive deaktiveret i denne fil og i stedet blive haringndteret afNetworkManager Derfor vil kommandoerne ifup og ifdown ikke laeligngere fungere Disse interfaces kanharingndteres ved i stedet at bruge graelignseflader til NetworkManager laeligs the NetworkManager documen-tation (httplivegnomeorgNetworkManagerSystemSettings)

KAPITEL 5 TING MAN SKAL VAEligREhellip 57 AEligNDRINGER I GRAFIK-STAKKEN

Modsaeligtningsvis vil ethvert interface der er sat op med flere tilvalg i filenetcnetworkinterfacesblive ignoreret af NetworkManager Dette vedroslashrer saeligrligt traringdloslashse interfaces der er brugt ved installe-ringen af Debian (se fejlrapport 606268 (httpbugsdebianorg606268))

57 AEligndringer i grafik-stakkenDer har vaeligret en raeligkke aeligndringer i X-stakken i Debian 60 Dette afsnit oplister de vigtigste og mestsynlige af disse

571 Foraeligldede Xorg-drivereXorg-videodrivere til cyrix imstt sunbw2 og vga leveres ikke laeligngere Brugere boslashr i stedet skifte tilen faeliglles driver som vesa eller fbdev

Den gamle via-driver blev ikke laeligngere vedligeholdt og er blevet erstattet af openchrome-driverensom vil blive brugt automatisk efter opgraderingen

Driverne nv og radeonhd er stadig med i denne udgave men det frararingdes at bruge dem Brugereboslashr i stedet overveje driverne nouveau og radeon

X-inputdriverne calcomp citron digitaledge dmc dynapro elo2300 fpit hyperpenjamstudio magellan microtouch mutouch palmax spaceorb summa tek4957 og ur98 ved-ligeholdes ikke laeligngere og foslashlger ikke med denne udgave Brugere af disse enheder boslashr overveje at skiftetil en passende kernedriver og X-driveren evdev For mange serielle enheder kan man med komman-doen inputattach vedhaeligfte dem til en Linux input-enhed som kan genkendes af X-driveren evdev

572 Indstilling for kernens tilstandKerne-drivere til Intel (begyndende med i830) ATIAMD (fra den originale Radeon til Radeon HD 5xxxldquoEvergreenrdquo-serien) og til NVIDIA grafik-chipsets understoslashtter nu chippens egne modus-indstillinger

573 Input-enhed hotplugXorg X-serveren der foslashlger med Debian 60 giver forbedret understoslashttelse af hotplugging af input-enheder(mus tastaturer digitizere hellip) De gamle xserver-xorg-input-kbd og xserver-xorg-input-mouse pakker er erstattet af xserver-xorg-input-evdev som kraeligver en kerne med tilvalget CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV aktiveret Ydermere er visse af de tastkoder der genereres af denne driver forskelligefra dem der traditionelt er forbundet med de samme taster Brugere af programmer som xmodmap ogxbindkeys bliver noslashdt til at justere deres opsaeligtning til de nye tastkoder

574 Nedlukning af X-serverTraditionelt ville tastkombinationen Ctrl-Alt-Backspace draeligbe X-serveren Denne kombination er ikkelaeligngere aktiveret som standard men kan genaktiveres ved at rekonfigurere pakken keyboard-configuration (for hele systemet) eller ved at bruge dit skrivebordsmiljoslashs program til tastaturopsaeligtning

58 AEligndring af soslashgesti for MuninI squeeze er standardplaceringen af webindhold der er genereret af munin blevet aeligndret fra varwwwmunin til varcachemuninwww og derfor skal filen etcmuninmuninconf tilrettes i forbin-delse med opgraderinger hvis den er blevet aeligndret at administrator Laeligs usrsharedocmuninNEWSDebiangz hvis du opgraderer

59 Opgraderingsanvisinger til ShorewallI forbindelse med opgradering til Debian 60 boslashr brugere af firewall-pakken shorewall laeligse anvis-ningerne paring httpwwwshorewallnetLennyToSqueezehtml som ogsaring findes i dokumentetusrsharedocshorewall-dochtmlLennyToSqueezehtml i pakken shorewall-doc

Kapitel 6

Yderligere oplysninger om DebianGNULinux

61 Yderligere laeligsningBeyond these release notes and the installation guide further documentation on Debian GNULinuxis available from the Debian Documentation Project (DDP) whose goal is to create high-quality docu-mentation for Debian users and developers Documentation including the Debian Reference DebianNew Maintainers Guide and Debian FAQ are available and many more For full details of the existingresources see the Debian Documentation website (httpwwwdebianorgdoc) and the DebianWiki website (httpwikidebianorg)

Dokumentationen for enkelte pakker installeres i usrsharedocpakke Dette kan omfatte op-lysninger om ophavsret Debian-specifikke detaljer samt dokumentation fra programmets ophavssted

62 Faring hjaeliglpDer er mange steder at finde hjaeliglp og raringdgivning for Debianbrugere men disse boslashr foslashrst bruges naringrman ikke kan finde svar paring sit sposlashrgsmaringl via de andre dokumentationskilder Dette afsnit giver en kortindledning til disse som kan vaeligre nyttige for nye Debianbrugere

621 E-post-listerDe mest interessante e-post-lister til Debianbrugere er den engelske liste debian-user plus listerne debian-user-sprog for andre sprog (den danske er debian-user-danish) Oplysninger om disse lister oghvordan man abonnerer paring dem kan findes paring httplistsdebianorg Se venligst i arkiverneom dit sposlashrgsmaringl allerede er besvaret foslashr du skriver og foslashlg i oslashvrigt standard-etiketten for e-post-lister

622 Internet Relay ChatDebian har en IRC-kanal med det formaringl at hjaeliglpe Debianbrugere Kanalen kan findes paring IRC-netvaeligrketOFTC Brug din foretrukne IRC-klient til at forbinde til ircdebianorg og garing saring ind paring kanalen debian

Foslashlg kanalens retningslinjer og udvis respekt for andre brugere Retningslinjerne kan findes paring De-bians wiki (httpwikidebianorgDebianIRC)

Yderligere oplysninger om OFTC kan findes paring websiden (httpwwwoftcnet)

63 FejlrapporteringVi goslashr vores bedste for at goslashre Debian GNULinux til et hoslashjkvalitetsstyresystem men dette betyder ikkeat pakkerne altid er fri for fejl Jaeligvnfoslashr Debians filosofi om ldquoaringben udviklingrdquo og som en tjeneste for voresbrugere i almindelighed kan alle oplysninger om de indrapporterede fejl findes paring vores fejlsporingssy-stem BTS BTS kan gennemses paring httpbugsdebianorg

Hvis du finder en fejl i distributionen eller i de programpakker som er del af den saring rapporteacuter demvenligst saring de kan blive rettet i fremtidige udgaver Fejlrapportering kraeligver en gyldig e-post-adresse Vi

KAPITEL 6 YDERLIGERE OPLYSNINGER OMhellip 64 BIDRAG TIL DEBIAN

beder om dette for at vi kan spore fejlrapporterne og saring udviklerne kan kontakte ophavspersonen hvisder kraeligves flere oplysninger

Du kan indsende en fejlrapport ved hjaeliglp af programmet reportbug eller manuelt via e-post Du kanlaeligse mere om fejlsporingssystemet og hvordan det bruges ved at laeligse referencedokumentationen (somer tilgaeligngelig i usrsharedocdebian hvis du har installeret doc-debian) eller i fejlsporingssy-stemet (httpbugsdebianorg)

64 Bidrag til DebianDu behoslashver ikke vaeligre ekspert for at kunne bidrage til Debian Ved at hjaeliglpe andre brugere med at loslash-se problemer via de forskellige hjaeliglpelister (httplistsdebianorg) bidrager du til DebianFejlfinding og -rettelse relateret til distributionens udvikling via deltagelse paring udviklerlisterne (httplistsdebianorg) er ogsaring saeligrdeles nyttigt For at hjaeliglpe til med at vedligeholde Debiandi-stributionens kvalitet kan du indsende fejlrapporter (httpbugsdebianorg) og hjaeliglpe udvi-kere med at finde og fikse dem Hvis du er god med ord kan du ogsaring bidrage aktivt ved at skrivedokumentation (httpwwwdebianorgdoccvs) eller oversaeligtte (httpwwwdebianorginternational) eksisterende dokumentation til dit eget sprog

Hvis du kan afsaeligtte mere tid kan du haringndtere et sykke af Debians fri softwaresamling Det er isaeligren hjaeliglp hvis folk tager ansvaret for eller vedligeholder ting hvis inklusion i Debian foresposlashrges af an-dre Databasen Work Needing and Prospective Packages (httpwwwdebianorgdevelwnpp)indeholder denne type oplysninger Hvis du er interesseret i specifikke grupper vil du maringske findedet underholdende at bidrage til nogle af Debians underprojekter inklusive portering til bestemte ar-kitekturer - se Debian Jr (httpwwwdebianorgdeveldebian-jr) og Debian Med (httpwwwdebianorgdeveldebian-med)

Under alle omstaeligndigheder Hvis du paring nogen maringde arbejder inden for fri software-bevaeliggelsenhvadenten som bruger programmoslashr dokumentationsforfatter eller oversaeligtter hjaeliglper du allerede frisoftware At bidrage er baringde loslashnsomt og morsomt lader dig moslashde nye mennesker og giver dig en rarfornemmelse indeni

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

Advanced Configuration and Power Interface

Advanced Linux Sound Architecture

Advanced Power Management

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Compact Disc Read Only Memory

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

Domain Name System

Digital Versatile Disc

GNU Image Manipulation Program

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

Integrated Drive Electronics

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

LVMLogical Volume Manager

MTAMail Transport Agent

NFSNetwork File System

NICNetwork Interface Card

NISNetwork Information Service

OSSOpen Sound System

RAIDRedundant Array of Independent Disks

RPCRemote Procedure Call

SATASerial Advanced Technology Attachment

SSLSecure Sockets Layer

TLSTransport Layer Security

USBUniversal Serial Bus

UUIDUniversally Unique Identifier

VGAVideo Graphics Array

WPAWi-Fi Protected Access

Bilag A

Haringndter dit lenny-system foslashropgraderingen

Dette bilag indeholder information om hvordan du kontrollerer at du kan installere eller opgraderepakker fra lenny inden du opgraderer til squeeze Dette boslashr kun vaeligre noslashdvendigt i specifikke situationer

A1 Opgradering af dit lenny-system

Det er grundlaeligggende ikke forskelligt fra enhver anden opgradering af lenny som du har udfoslashrt Deneneste forskel er at du foslashrst skal sikre dig at din pakkeliste stadig indeholder referencer til lenny somforklaret i Afsnit A2

Hvis du opgraderer dit system via et Debianspejl vil systemet automatisk blive opgraderet til denseneste punktudgave (point release) af lenny

A2 Kontroller din kildeliste

Hvis nogen af linjerne i etcaptsourceslist refererer til ldquostablerdquo ldquoanvenderrdquo du allerede sque-eze Dette er maringske ikke hvad du oslashnsker hvis du ikke er klar til opgraderingen endnu Hvis du alleredehar koslashrt apt-get update kan du stadig garing baglaeligns ved at foslashlge nedenstaringende procedure

Hvis du allerede har installeret pakker fra squeeze er der ikke laeligngere meget mening i at installerepakker fra lenny I dette tilfaeliglde skal du bestemme dig for om du vil fortsaeligtte eller ej Det er muligt atnedgradere pakker men det beskrives ikke her

Aringbn filen etcaptsourceslist med din foretrukne tekstbehandler (som root) og kontrolleralle linjer som begynder med deb http eller deb ftp efter en reference til ldquostablerdquo Hvis du findernogen saring aeligndr stable til lenny

Hvis du har linjer som begynder med deb file skal du selv kontrollere om placeringen som derefererer til indeholder et arkiv for lenny eller squeeze

vigtigt

AEligndr ikke linjer som begynder med deb cdrom Hvis du goslashr det saring goslashres linjenugyldig og du skal saring koslashre apt-cdrom igen Bliv ikke foruroliget hvis en ldquocdromrdquo-kildelinje refererer til ldquounstablerdquo Selvom det er forvirrende saring er det normalt

Hvis du har foretaget aeligndringer saring gem filen og koslashr

apt-get update

for at opdatere pakkelisten

BILAGA HAringNDTERDIT LENNY-SYSTEMFOslashRhellip A3 OPGRADER FORAEligLDEDEhellip

A3 Opgrader foraeligldede sprogindstillinger til UTF-8Hvis dit system er sprogoversat og anvender et sprog som ikke er baseret paring UTF-8 boslashr du overveje atkonvertere dit system til at bruge UTF-8-baserede sprogindstillinger Tidligere har der vaeligret identificeretfejl som kun har vist sig naringr der bruges et tegnsaeligt forskelligt fra UTF-8 Paring skrivebordet er saringdanneforaeligldede sprogindstillinger understoslashttet via grimme hackninger internt i bibliotekerne og vi kan ikkeyde hjaeliglp til brugere som stadig anvender dem

For at vaeliglge systemets sprogindstillinger kan du koslashre dpkg-reconfigure locales Sikr dig at du vaeliglgeren UTF-8-baseret lokalisering naringr du bliver praeligsenteret for sposlashrgsmaringlet om hvilken lokalindstilling somskal anvendes som standard af systemet Udover dette boslashr du kontrollere dine brugeres lokalindstillingeri deres konfigurationsmiljoslash

Bilag B

Bidragydere til udgivelsesnoterne

Mange har hjulpet til med udgivelsesnoterne blandt andreAdam Di Carlo Andreas Barth Andrei Popescu Anne Bezemer Bob Hilliard Charles Plessy Chri-

stian Perrier Daniel Baumann Eddy Petrișor Emmanuel Kasper Esko Arajaumlrvi Frans Pop Giovanni Ra-pagnani Gordon Farquharson Javier Fernaacutendez-Sanguino Pentildea Jens Seidel Jonas Meurer Josip RodinJustin B Rye LaMont Jones Luk Claes Martin Michlmayr Michael Biebl Moritz Muumlhlenhoff Noah Mey-erhans Noritada Kobayashi Osamu Aoki Peter Green Rob Bradford Samuel Thibault Simon BienleinSimon Paillard Stefan Fritsch Steve Langasek Steve McIntyre Tobias Scherer Vincent McIntyre och WMartin Borgert

Dette dokument er oversat til mange sprog Mange tak til alle oversaeligtterneOversat til dansk af Joe Hansen Torben Groslashn Helligsoslash Morten Bo Johansen Ask Hjorth Larsen

Nicky ThomassenDansk-gruppen

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

Ccd 4Cherokee 4Courier 4

DDebian Med 6Debian Science 6Dia 4DocBook XML 2dvd 4

EEkiga 4Evolution 4Exim 4

FFirefox 4

GGCC 4GIMP 4GNOME 4GNUcash 4GNUmeric 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

LLDAP 6 26LILO 21Linux Standard Base 4LXDE 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

NNeuroDebian 6neuroimaging research 6

OOpenOfficeorg 4OpenSSH 4

Ppackages

ants 6approx 22apt 2 13 22apt-cacher 22apt-cacher-ng 22apt-proxy 22aptitude 5 15autofs 18autofs5 18bash 26console-setup 5consolekit 28dash 26db48-util 25dblatex 2debian-goodies 15dhcp3 18discover 7doc-debian 32docbook-xsl 2evolution 19firmware-linux 4gdm 21gdm3 21 28gksu 28grub-pc 25icedove 4iceweasel 4initramfs-tools 10 20 21insserv 5isc-dhcp 18kaboom 27kde-full 28kde-minimal 28kde-plasma-desktop 28kde-plasma-netbook 28kde-standard 28kdelibs 27kdepim 27kernel-package 20libnss-ldap 6 26libnss-ldapd 6 26libpam-ldap 6 26libpam-ldapd 6 26linux-base 25linux-image- 20linux-image-26-686 20linux-source-26 20localepurge 15madwifi-source 18mdadm 25mksh 26mrtrix 6mysql-server-50 22

INDEKS INDEKS

mysql-server-51 22nessus 22network-manager 28nipype 6nscd 26odin 6openvas-client 22openvas-server 22plone 22plymouth 22popularity-contest 15postgresql-83 22postgresql-84 22psychopy 6python24 18 22python26 18 22release-notes 1shorewall 29shorewall-doc 29splashy 11sudo-ldap 26sun-java5-bin 22sun-java5-jre 22sun-java6-jre 22tinc 11udev 17 20 21unscd 26upgrade-reports 1usplash 22xmlroff 2xserver-xorg-input-evdev 29xserver-xorg-input-kbd 29xserver-xorg-input-mouse 29xserver-xorg-video-all 22xserver-xorg-video-cyrix 22xserver-xorg-video-i810 22xserver-xorg-video-imstt 22xserver-xorg-video-nsc 22xserver-xorg-video-sunbw2 22xserver-xorg-video-vga 22xsltproc 2

PHP 4Pidgin 4Postfix 4PostgreSQL 4

TThunderbird 4Tomcat 4

XXfce 4

Introduktion

Rapporter fejl i dette dokument

Bidrag med opgraderingsrapporter

Kilder til dette dokument


Nyt i distributionen

Cd dvd og Blu-ray

Firmware er flyttet til sektionen non-free

Pakkeharingndtering

Afhaeligngighedsbestemt opstart

Ensartede tastaturinstillinger

Indstilling af grafiktilstand er flyttet til kernen

LDAP-understoslashttelse

Sektionen stable-updates

backportsorgbackportsdebianorg

Omfattende understoslashttelse af neuroradiologisk forskning


Hvad er nyt i installeringssystemet

Stoslashrre aeligndringer

Automatisk installering


Preparing for the upgrade

Back up any data or configuration information

Inform users in advance

Prepare for downtime on services

Prepare for recovery

Debug shell during boot using initrd

Prepare a safe environment for the upgrade

Remove conflicting packages

Checking system status

Review actions pending in package manager

Disabling APT pinning

Checking packages status

The proposed-updates section

Unofficial sources and backports

Preparing sources for APT

Adding APT Internet sources

Adding APT sources for a local mirror

Adding APT source from CD-ROM or DVD

Upgrading packages

Recording the session

Updating the package list

Make sure you have sufficient space for the upgrade

Minimal system upgrade

Upgrading the kernel and udev

Upgrading the system

Possible issues during upgrade

cryptoloop support not included in the squeeze Linux kernel

Expected removals

Errors running aptitude or apt-get

Conflicts or Pre-Depends loops

File conflicts

Configuration changes

Change of session to console

Special care for specific packages

Evolution

Upgrading your kernel and related packages

Installing the kernel metapackage

Device enumeration reordering

Boot timing issues (waiting for root device)

Preparing for the next release

Deprecated components

Obsolete packages

Dummy packages

Ting man skal vaeligre opmaeligrksom paring i forbindelse med squeeze

Mulige problemer

Migrering af disk-drivere fra IDE- til PATA-delsystemet

AEligndring i formatet paring mdadm-metadata kraeligver en nyere version af Grub

pam_userdbso fungerer ikke med nyere versioner af libdb

Mulige problemer med varianter af binsh

AEligndring i politikken for kernen vedroslashrende ressource-konflikter


Tjenesten sieve flytter til den IANA-tildelte port

Sikkerhedsstatus paring web-browsere

KDE-skrivebordet

Opgradering fra KDE 3

Nye KDE-metapakker

AEligndringer i og understoslashttelse af GNOME-skrivebordet

GDM 220 og 230

Rettigheder til enheder og oslashvrige administrative rettigheder

Vekselvirkning mellem network-manager og ifupdown

AEligndringer i grafik-stakken

Foraeligldede Xorg-drivere

Indstilling for kernens tilstand

Input-enhed hotplug

Nedlukning af X-server

AEligndring af soslashgesti for Munin

Opgraderingsanvisinger til Shorewall

Yderligere oplysninger om Debian GNULinux

Yderligere laeligsning

Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste

Haringndter dit lenny-system foslashr opgraderingen

Opgradering af dit lenny-system

Kontroller din kildeliste

Opgrader foraeligldede sprogindstillinger til UTF-8


Indeks

Udgivelsesnoter til Debian GNULinux 60 (squeeze) Mips

Published 4 februar 2011

Dette dokument er fri software Du kan videredistribuere ogeller modificere det under de betingelsersom er angivet i GNU General Public License version 2 som er udgivet af Free Software Foundation

Dette dokument distribueres i haringb om at det vil vise sig nyttigt men UDEN NOGEN FORM FOR GA-RANTI uden selv de underforstaringede garantier omkring SALGBARHED eller EGNETHED TIL ET BE-STEMT FORMAringL Yderligere detaljer kan laeligses i GNU General Public License

Du boslashr have modtaget en kopi af GNU General Public License sammen med dette dokument Hvis ikkesaring skriv til Free software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110-1301 USA

Licensteksten kan ogsaring findes paringhttpwwwgnuorglicensesgpl-20html ogusrsharecommon-licensesGPL-2 paring Debian GNULinux

Indhold

INDHOLD

7 Ordliste 33

Indeks 39

Kapitel 1

Introduktion

pas paring

bemaeligrk

Kapitel 2

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull S390 (s390)

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Indhold

INDHOLD

7 Ordliste 33

Indeks 39

Kapitel 1

Introduktion

pas paring

bemaeligrk

Kapitel 2

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull S390 (s390)

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

INDHOLD

7 Ordliste 33

Indeks 39

Kapitel 1

Introduktion

pas paring

bemaeligrk

Kapitel 2

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull S390 (s390)

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 1

Introduktion

pas paring

bemaeligrk

Kapitel 2

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull S390 (s390)

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

bemaeligrk

Kapitel 2

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull S390 (s390)

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 2

bull SPARC (sparc)

bull S390 (s390)

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

CONCURRENCY=none

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 3

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 4

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Important

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

dpkg --audit

dpkg -l | pager

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Next run

apt-cdrom add

session

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

apt-get update

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

apt-get clean

apt-get upgrade

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

455 File conflicts

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

4581 Evolution

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

apt-get autoremove

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 5

51 Mulige problemer

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

vigtigt

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

561 GDM 220 og 230

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 6

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Kapitel 7

Ordliste

blu-ray-disk

Compact Disc

cd-rom

Domain Name System

GNUs Not Unix

GNU Privacy Guard

LInux LOader

Linux Standard Base

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

KAPITEL 7 ORDLISTE

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Bilag A

vigtigt

apt-get update

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Bilag B

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Indeks

AAbiword 4Apache 4

BBIND 4Blu-ray 4

FFirefox 4

Iisohybrid 4

KKDE 4KOffice 4

MMozilla 4MySQL 4

Ppackages

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

INDEKS INDEKS

XXfce 4

Introduktion






Cd dvd og Blu-ray


Pakkeharingndtering































Upgrading packages









Expected removals



File conflicts




Evolution







Obsolete packages

Dummy packages


Mulige problemer









KDE-skrivebordet


Nye KDE-metapakker


GDM 220 og 230






Input-enhed hotplug






Faring hjaeliglp

E-post-lister

Internet Relay Chat

Fejlrapportering

Bidrag til Debian

Ordliste






Indeks

Documents

UdgivelsesnotertilDebianGNU/Linux6.0(squeeze), …