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Trenchless TechnologyA review of methods and latest updates
Matthew Izzard(Business Development Director – Tracto Technik UK)(Vice Chairman UKSTT)
Who are UKSTT?
United Kingdom Society of Trenchless Technology
International Society of Trenchless Technology
BSI & International Standards Representation
What we do:
Annual Awards & Gala Dinner Biennial No Dig Live Exhibition National Awareness Presentations
Technical & Masterclass Sessions University OutReach Program Regional Roadshows
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Benefits of Trenchless Technology:
✓ Reduces excavation
✓ Less disruptive
✓ Makes use of existing assets
✓ Faster installation rates
✓ Safer for public and contractors
✓ Environmentally beneficial
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Safe Excavation Techniques:
Increasingly used to minimise excavation
as much as possible, minimising
reinstatement and ensuring operators
safety as much as possible.
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Coring:
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Vacuum Excavation:
Courtesy: Mammoth MTS
Distance and depth not an issue with a
vacuum system instead of a suction
unit.
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Vacuum Excavation:Courtesy: Mammoth MTS
Courtesy: Mammoth MTS
Courtesy: Mammoth MTS
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‘Core & Vac’
Use of keyhole excavation coring and vacuum excavation
Benefits:
• Smaller footprint.
• Reduced reinstatement.
• Many tasks can be performed
including repairs and fittings.
• Avoids damage to tree roots
and other apparatus.
4 hours vs. 7 days
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Key Hole Technology:
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FTTH TRENCHING TECHNOLOGIES
Plowing
Trencher
Plow/Trencher Combo
Rockwheel
Microtrencher
Minitrencher
Productive equipment
Soft ground to rock conditions
Different technologies matching
different conditions
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PLOWING
Soft ground conditions (no rock layers)
High-speed production
No backfill/compaction needed
(trenchless)
Optional front reel carrier for feed
blades
Feeding
Up to multiple O.D. Ø 65 mm (2.6”)
and 127 cm (50”) deep
Pulling
Up to single O.D. Ø 200 mm (8”) and
90 cm (35”) deep
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PLOWING
Vibratory plow attachment
Plow blade
PULL
BLADE
CHUTE
BLADE
COMBO
BLADE
RIGID
BLADE
SINGLE-PIVOT
BLADE
DOUBLE-PIVOT
BLADE
Custom-made blades
matching project
Large number of options to
meet exacting needs
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PLOWING
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TRENCHING
Soft ground to moderate/broken rock conditions
< 90 MPa (13.000 psi)
Continuously opening of narrow, deep trench
Up to 180 cm (72”) deep
From 10 cm (4”) up to 45 cm (18”) wide
Minimum volume of ground displacement
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TRENCHING
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TRENCHING: CUTTING EDGE Different cutting tool setups matching ground conditions
ROCKWHEEL
Moderate/broken rock conditions
<110 MPa (16.000 psi)
Continuously opening of narrow, deep trench
Up to 132 cm (52”) deep
From 10 cm (4”) up to 30 cm (12”) wide
Minimum volume of ground displacement
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ROCKWHEEL
Rockwheel attachment
Rockwheel cutter segments
Optional trench cleaner
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ROCKWHEEL
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MICROTRENCHER SYSTEM
Minimally obtrusive installation process by which a narrow and relatively shallow trench
is cut in an asphalt roadway, intended to house fiber-optic cable and conduit.
Cut is often made in the seam between the asphalt roadway
and concrete curb/apron
Trench dimensions range from
19 - 57 mm (.75” - 2.25”) wide and
20 - 41 cm (8” - 16”) deep, which is typically above existing utilities.
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• Simultaneously, a connected vacuum system cleanly removes and contains the dry and dusty spoil away from the work site.
• After the conduit pipe is laid, a technique approved by the local governing body is used to backfill the trench, returning structural integrity to the roadway.
• An asphalt sealer may then be used to finish the cut flush with the surface
MICROTRENCHING: VACUUM
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• Uses traditional rockwheel technique, ejects cutting alongside the trench
• After the conduit pipe is laid, a technique approved by the local governing body is used to backfill the trench, returning structural integrity to the roadway.
• An asphalt sealer may then be used to finish the cut flush with the surface
MICROTRENCHING: SIDE DISCHARGE
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• Spring-loaded, flex pivot design aids steering, particularly around curves
• Offset capability up to 5 cm(2”) outside the right rear tire
• Two-stage lift and level design keeps attachment flush with the surface to maximize cutter wheel engagement and vacuum
MICROTRENCHER ATTACHMENT
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MICROTRENCHER WITH VACUUM
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MICROTRENCHER: SIDE DISCHARGE
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NARROW TRENCHING
Opening narrow but deeper trenches
Asphalt roadway, intended to house fiber-optic
cable and conduit
50 mm (2”) or 57 mm (2¼”) wide, up to 60 cm
(24”) deep
Using traditional rockwheel technology
Offset capability up to 41 cm(16”)
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NARROW TRENCHING: 50MM (2”):
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FTTH INSTALLATION
Small footprint equipment
Soft – compacted ground conditions
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RIDE-ON UTILITY EQUIPMENT
Versatile self-propelled plow/trencher
Small footprint to go close to buildings
Trencher up to 106 cm (42”) x 15cm (6”)
Plow up to 61 cm (24”) deep
Ø 38 mm (1½”) feed
Ø 76 mm (3”) pull
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Impact Moling / Thrustboring
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IMPACT MOLING ACCURACY
Moving HeadFixed Head
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New InstallationImpact Moling
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THE GOLDEN RULES!
10x Diameter of machine in Depth to prevent ‘ground heave’
(ie: 45mm = 450mm, 130mm = 1.3m)
5 x Diameter of machine in width to prevent ‘wandering’ into
previous bore
IMPORTANT: Always check plans and check with locating
equipment prior to boring
Average of 10% bore shrinkage with each size of Grundomat
(ie: 45mm installs max. 40mm, 145mm installs 125mm etc)
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PIPE OR CABLE INSTALLATION
• Pull in direct
• Reverse ‘mole’
• Direct P.E. (Not clean water!)
• Direct uPVC
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IMPACT MOLE “STITCHING”
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IMPACT MOLE ‘STITCHING’
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HDD MARKETS SERVED
Gas
Clean Water
Electricity
Renewables
Gravity Sewers
De-watering
Fibre / Telecom
Irrigation
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District Heating
HDD Basic Equipment:
• Drill Rig
• Drill Rods
• Navigation System
• Mixing System
• Drill Rods
• Bentonite / Polymer Mix
• Drill Tooling (Head / Reamer)
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HDD RIG TYPES:
Midi:Mini: Maxi:
Typically less than
30t Thrust / Pull
Back.
Typically 30t – 100t
Thrust / Pull Back.Typically greater than
100t Thrust / Pull Back
Small projects,
lateral / service
work.
‘Line Work’ / Specialist
Applications.
Major projects.
>100m, 90mm (4”)100 - 400m, 450mm
(18”)<400m, 450mm (18”)
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BASIC COMPONENTS: BORE RIG
Drill Stem
magazine
Fully rotating
spotlight
Rack & Pinion or
Chain drive
Diesel motor
Hydraulics
Track based Undercarriage
StabilisersOperator seatRemote
control /
control panel
Bore head
Anchor
impact unit
Semi-
automatic
clamping
facility
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DRILL BIT EXAMPLES
Dirt/Hard soils
Cobble and gravel
Soft medium rock
Hard rock
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Soft Ground Directional Drilling
•Drill Head rotates
•Steering by adjusting orientation of
drill head and pushing
•Locate with a sonde placed in the head
•Deliver bentonite fluid through head
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Proposed Bore Plan
Pilot Bore →
← Pre-Ream with Trailing Rod
← Reaming Pullback with Product
BORE PATH BEST PRACTICE
An ideal bore with the least
amount of resistance will have
gradual, minimal bends for
the drill stem and product to
go through with finesse.
Always drill downhill and pull the product back up hill. This will aid in keeping the bore path full of drilling slurry during the pilot bore and maintain flow through the annular bore space during product pullback.
End
Beginning
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Directional Drilling
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REAMING
Pre-reamingTarget surface A = B = CSame surface means same Torque/Horsepower and same speed
d = final hole diameter (mm)d = final hole diameter (") n = amount of reaming stagesm = number of ream
ABC
Pre ream diameter(mm) =m x final hole diameter(mm)
2
n
Length Overcut
0 > 50m/150ft 20%
50m/150ft > 100m/300ft 30%
100m/300ft > 300m/1000ft 40%
> 300m/1000ft 50%
Condition/product
ROCK 50%
STEEL 50%
Hole size related to installation length
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REAMER / HOLE OPENING
One function of a back reamer is to enlarge the bore hole to a
size large enough to allow for the installation of the required
product.
The second objective of the reamer is to mix the cuttings from
the back reamer with the drilling fluid to create a slurry that can
be displaced to the side of or discharged out of the bore path
to allow room for the product.
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DRILLING FLUID REQUIREMENTS
• Thixotropic behavior
➢ Fluid when in motion
➢ Solid when not in motion
• Transport of the cuttings (viscosity)
• Prevent fluid loss in the formation (filter cake)
➢ Unstable formation
➢ Less fluid for transport
➢ Hole stabilization
• Keep the cuttings in suspension (gel strength)
• Cutting encapsulation
➢ Prevent clay balling
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PIPE CENTRIC PLANNING & AS BUILT
Bore planning computer
software design tools will map
out the bore path as well as
provide a rod-by-rod
navigation plan according to
the soil, elevation and utility
data inserted.
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Today & Tomorrow…
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Thank you for your time…
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Matthew Izzard
T: 01234 342566
M: 07778 888844
www.ukstt.org.uk www.tracto-technik.co.uk
