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Tommaso Foglia
•M.Sc. Engineer, Electrical Engineering – University of Bologna “Alma Mater”
•8 years experience in Innovation, Technology Transfer and R&D projects management (2002 - to date)
•Coordinator of European Projects since 2004
Translation
3
• Innovation and Technology transfer in the practice
• How to formulate strategies for successful technology valorisation for SMEs
• TT models and cases• How to develop abilities to turn technology
into business value• Approach: practical, based on cases,
exercises, examples
Translation
Objectives of the Workshop
4
EXPLORA BIOTECH Pioneering Nature
EXPLORA BIOTECH Pioneering Nature
PLANTAROM
TRS
OPT SENSOR
Certified Research Laboratory (MUR)
Research & Development
TechnologyVentures
Innovation Services
IT
IT
IT
IT
US
LXB
FR
IT
IT
IT
IT
IT
IT
TN
ES
Media Pharma
IT
5
What is innovation?
Any technical improvement to the status quo (Product, Process) but also… Organization: innovation keys (A.Read):
– 1. Management support for an innovative culture– 2. Customer/market focus– 3. Communication/networking– 4. HR strategies that emphasize innovation– 5. Team structures– 7. Leadership, creative development, strategic posture, flexible
structures, continuous improvement, and technology adoption.
Translation
Innovation - The technical meaning
6
What are the strategic objectives and goals of innovation? • Any solution/project/undertaking aimed at
increasing value for the business organization • The less successful companies take a
conventional approach: staying ahead of the competition.
• The high-growth companies seek to make their competitors irrelevant through a strategic logic called value innovation.
Translation
Innovation - The strategic meaning
7
What are the strategic objectives and goals of innovation?/2
You must examine radically what constitutes real value for customers by asking fundamental questions: what value offering need to be introduced or increased to meet customer needs? what value offerings can be reduced or eliminated, because they do not constitute real value for customers
"The man who will use his skill and constructive imagination to see how much he can give for a dollar, instead of how little he can give for a dollar, is bound to succeed." – Henry
Ford
Translation
Innovation - The strategic meaning
8
• Innovation is risky but necessary to improve
competitiveness
• Innovation is not for everyone
• Innovation is not necessary linked to Technology• Translation
Implications
9
• Innovation requires:
– A clear definition of needs and value generated to
costumers
– A sound financial scheme: Innovation is expensive
– A network of contacts: Innovation is confrontation
– A constant knowledge monitoring and up date
• Translation
Implications
10
Because the world is changing (fast)
•Nanotechnologies and Biotech prospects Zyvez: tools, instrumentation, and
applications to serve the semiconductor and advanced research markets. Founded in 1997, Zyvex was the first molecular nanotechnology company.
Translation
Innovation - Why ?
12
It’s a big mistake saying that change must originate from the topTranslation
Innovation - Why ?
SILMET: how to deal with the internal resistance to changeTranslation
13
• The Patenting process• The Patent granting explosion• The Patent litigation explosion• Patenting and Innovation
Translation
Innovation – Why patenting?
14
• Gillette ,48 Patents in a Razor• Value?• Five times as many razor blades as anyone else
Translation
Innovation - Why Patenting?
15
Segnali
Oggettività
CodificaStrutturazione
& definizione
Concettualizzazione&
generalizzazione
ProblemSolving
ApplicazioneCodificaStrutturazione
& definizione
Concettualizzazione&
generalizzazione
ProblemSolving
Applicazione
DatiDati InformazioneInformazione ConoscenzaConoscenza Azione Saggezza
Soggettività
Segnali
Oggettività
CodificaStrutturazione
& definizione
Concettualizzazione&
generalizzazione
ProblemSolving
ApplicazioneCodificaStrutturazione
& definizione
Concettualizzazione&
generalizzazione
ProblemSolving
Applicazione
DatiDati InformazioneInformazione ConoscenzaConoscenza Azione Saggezza
Soggettività
Signals
Objectivity
Codification & & ProblemSolving
CoStructuring
& Definition
Conceptualisation&
Generalisation
ProblemSolving
Application
DatiData InformazioneInformation ConoscenzaKnow-how Action Wisdom
Subjectivity
•(
,
•Brainstorming
••
Creativity
• Individual( lateral thought, Analogic)
• Group
•• Network
Innovation as process to consolidate know-howTranslation
Researcher approach
16
Breakthrough
technologies
Incremental technologies
Adjustment technologies
Investment in new technologies
Imp
act
on
econ
om
ic r
esu
lt
Technologies anticipating needs on the market, ex.:-New product functions -New business lines or new business models -Suppression of 1 or more productive factors
Strategic objective: leadership
Technologies running after the competition, ex.:-New products-TTM reduction
Strategic objective: fast follower
Technologies to comply with market and legislative standards, ex.:- New plants - Certification and quality control- Costs reduction
Strategic objective: survival
Which innovative technologies?
Translation
17
Time
Which SMES do innovate?
Translation
“Running” technology
“Emerging”technology
“Future”technology”
Interval to innovate (early adopter)
Interval to innovate(follower)
Pote
nti
al Im
pact
on
econ
om
ic r
esu
lt
19
According to the followed approach, different modalities can prevalently emerge :
learning by doing (Prevalently Market Pull)
Productive know how (acquisition of technological capacity through adjustments and secondary engineering actions)
know why (development of an autonomous R&D activity) (Prevalently Technology Push)
Translation
”Upstream” approachor Technology Push
”Downstream” approach or Market Pull
Innovation positioning with respect to the Client business
ProductionRe-engineering process
Basic Research
Applied Research/ Innovation
Product Development
Marketing
Translation
20
How to solve a problem?
Problem: take out the water without touching the glassTranslation
Innovation as problem solving for the development of new productsTranslation
Putting innovation to work
21
How to solve a problem? Problem : “I want a stronger table, but lighter”You are not the first to face such a “conflict of interest”...
Translation
Innovation as problem solving for the development of new products
Putting innovation to work
22
How to improve a current product?Translation
Innovation as problem solving for the development of new products
Look at evolution trendsTranslation
Putting innovation to work
23
SME Innovation Strategy Case 1: the growth challenge
Business has two functions, and two functions only: Marketing and InnovationTranslation
GEOX breathesTranslation
A certain world walks in Rossetti
Translation
24
“How to do a better screw-driver?”Making it more resistent. How? Making it more insulated. How?Making it more ergonomic. How?Making it more adaptable. How?
Innovation as problem solving for the development of new productsTranslation
Putting innovation to work
Translation
26
Case 1: the SME Strategy Formulation process
SMES Challenges: Process and Product Innovation but, mostly, Organisational Innovation.Rome, Via CondottiFall 2006
Translation
27
Case: example of organizational innovationTranslation
Standardized merchandising technique– optimal localization
PDV
Central stock Major Acquisitions’ warehouse
GPSMerchandising Technique of restocking
28
Because you are not too small to do it.Translation
SME Innovation Strategy
Titanium Golfing Sunglasses
These advanced unisex sunglasses weigh just 8g. Brown shatter-proof and scratch-resistant lenses offer 100% UVA, B and C-protection. Incorporating “light Stabilising Technology” specially developed for golfers to enhance vision in frequently changing light intensity.
30
• International competition drives companies to concentrate on core competencies. Large companies outsource specific activities to SMEs which tend to networking.
• Increased growth in networks as a result of an increasingly knowledge-based economy (Collective Innovation Projects in France) .
• Renewed focus to de-internalisation, where non-core activities are placed outside the enterprise itself.
• Translation
The SME Networking
31
• Craft skills, design and knowledge of local market are still the core of the craft based product innovations: food, textiles, leather, wood and metal products.
• Craft-based regions share embedded skills and market understanding. Industrial districts in Denmark, Northern Italy, Spain and Portugal: product innovations, low innovation cost.
• Translation
The European industrial districts
32
Clustering is a key to successful industrialdevelopment because of:
a) Information spillovers (typically imitation)b) Specialization and division of labor among
enterprises (low transaction costs due to proximity of transacting partners)
c) Development of skilled labor (usually through poaching)
Translation
What is an industrial cluster?
33
• Better access to competent people and innovative ideas
• Better access to specialized suppliers and demanding customers
• Better access to frontier research and development• Better access to venture capital and competent
investors• Lower transaction costs of doing business
Translation
Advantages of belonging to an international cluster
34
Innovation: what services to offer?
Innovation is a business ...
... But what can be sold?
Translation
35
Innovation: the services
• Client organisations are looking for an integrated approach
- Need / Opportunity- Funding sources- Partners- Project generation / management- Exploitation / Technology marketing- Change management
Translation
36
MARKET
Technology Intermediary
The role of Technology Intermediary
Tech. Audits/Watch
Venture Capital
Partner Search
Project Generation
Exploitation / IPR
BPR
“Revolution Services”
Identification of needs
Capitalisation
Partnership
Development
Partnership
Process change
Organisational change
RESEARCH
Technology Push
Market Pull
Thanks for your attention!
Tommaso Foglia ([email protected])
INNOVA S.p.A.
Via Giacomo Peroni, 386 - 00131 Rome - Italy
Tel.: +39 06 40040358
Table of contents:• Case studies of innovations in the textile sector• How to promote collaborations and Technology
Transfer between European and Chinese organisations
• Examples of EU-funded projects dealing with innovation in textiles
Translation
Case 1: ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY UPHOLSTERY
Kvadrat - http://www.kvadrat.dk/
WATERBORN Design: JEAN NOUVEL
Translation
• The aim: to develop a new material made of synthetic fibers that addressed the environmental concerns of Kvadrat.
• The solution: a unique polyurethane dispersed in only water to impregnate a fine-structured and very dense, non-woven fabric made of polyester and Nylon.
• Translation
Case 1: ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY UPHOLSTERY
Kvadrat - http://www.kvadrat.dk/
WATERBORN Design: JEAN NOUVEL
• Translation
• The result: reduced emissions of organic solvents (-92%).
The content of organic solvents in the final product almost equal to zero
No harmful and No unpleasant odours
• Further improvements: Jean Nouvel, an internationally renowned French architect, designed the structure, surface and colour palette of WATERBORN
• Translation
Case 2: AN INNOVATIVE ECO-BUSINESS MODEL IN TEXTILES
EPEA INTERNATIONALE UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBH http://www.epea.com/
CRADLE TO CRADLE DESIGN INNOVATIONS – TOWARDS A CYCLE ECONOMY
Translation
• 1 € for a used T-Shirt / Translation
Case 3: MULTIFUNCTIONAL TEXTILE - CONDUCTIVE RIBBON by Ohmatex
Translation
http://www.ohmatex.dk/
• A conductive ribbon to connect integrated electronics in clothing and electronic units in equipment
• 100% washable and well suited to wearable electronic solutions.
Translation
Applications
• Data/power transmission in textiles
• As flexible cabling in almost any application
• Translation
Collaboration with ESA
Case 3: MULTIFUNCTIONAL TEXTILE follow upESA signed a contract with Ohmatex (23 November 2009)…http://www.innovationintextiles.com/articles/307.phpTranslation
… to develop an intelligent sock integrating near-infrared sensors and textile based EMG (Electro-Miography) electrodes to map the electrical and metabolic activity in leg muscles, to scientifically evaluate the efficacy of various training aids and astronaut workout methods.
Translation
Case 4: PLASMA TREATMENT FOR TEXTILES
G. Buyle - Nanoscale finishing of textiles via plasma treatment, 2008
The interaction of the active species in the plasma with the substrate can basically add something to the substrate or can remove something from the substrate.
Translation
Case 4: PLASMA TREATMENT FOR TEXTILES
Translation
Common applications:i.imparting hydrophilic, hydrophobic and oleophobic propertiesii.influence printability and dyeabilityiii.application of anti bacterial or fire retardant agentsiv.antishrink treatment of woolv.Sterilisation
Translation
a untreated reference b after rendering permanently hydrophilic
via plasma coating
Case 5: The first closed loop polyester recycling program for China
http://www.innovationintextiles.com/articles/230.php
22 September 2009, Osaka
The Teijin Group in collaboration with Li Ning Company Limited has announced the first program in China for collecting and recycling used garments.
Eco Circle is an environmentally friendly closed-loop system incorporating technology for the chemical recycling of polyester.
Translation
The Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) as a way to promote collaborations between European and Chinese
organisations to foster Innovation and Technology Transfer
Translation
What is the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)?
The Seventh Framework Programme (2007-2013) of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities
Budget: € 53.2 billion Building the Europe of Knowledge The biggest Research Programme in the
World Translation
Framework Programme evolution
05
10152025303540455055
Billion € 3.27 5.36 6.6 13.12 14.96 17.5 53.2
FP1 FP2 FP3 FP4 FP5 FP6 FP7
– 7th of a series started in the 80s– FP7 Budget greatly increased + longer term focus (2007-2013)– Translation
FP7 - Specific Programmes
COOPERATION – Collaborative research
9 Thematic Priorities
1. Health
2. Food, agriculture and biotechnology (Knowledge-Based Bio-economy)
3. Information and communication technologies
4. Nanosciences, nanotechnologies, materials and new production technologies
Translation
Textiles
Textiles
Textiles
FP7 - Specific Programmes
COOPERATION – Collaborative research
9 Thematic Priorities
5. Energy
6. Environment (including climate change)
7. Transport (including aeronautics)
8. Socio-economic sciences and the humanities
9. Security and space
Translation
BIOAGROTEX - http://www.bioagrotex.eu/
Development of new high end textile products,
based for 100% on natural fibers and bio-based or
Biopolymers and with a tailored biodegradability
Translation
.
Complete production chain: (Bio)Chemical Industry, Natural Fibres & Processing, Extrusion, Agrotextile producers, Biodegradation testing & knowledge management
Translation
NATEX - http://www.natex.eu/
Development of textiles from natural fibres that are suitable for use as high-strength reinforcing fabrics to produce structural composite materials and components.
Translation
Multidisciplinarity:o Biologistso Physicistso Chemistso engineering scientists
Translation
SHOPINSTANTSHOE
Development of a cost-effective footwear based on shape memory materials to provide an instant fitting personalization service at the retail shop for enhancing user's comfortTranslation
Exploitable results:o a shape memory alloy filamento a shape memory smart textileo a shape memory leather compositeo a new personalization shop toolo a new customizable footwear upper
Translation
CLEANCLOTH - http://cleanclothproject.com/
Development of an antibacterial cloth based on
microfibre a superior cleaning cloth with constant and
continuous antibacterial effect
Translation
Image: Suat Eman / FreeDigitalPhotos.net
Safe@Sea - http://www.safeatsea-project.eu/
Protective clothing for improved safety and performance in the fisheries
Translation.
• New fabrics with improved tear
strength and penetration of
sharp objects• Materials with improved scratch
and wear resistance• Self repairable materials• Innovative buoyancy solutions• Integration of sensors in the
garments
Translation
SONO - http://www.fp7-sono.eu/
A pilot line of antibacterial and antifungal medical textiles based on a sonochemical process
Translation
An innovative technique to produce and deposit inorganic, antimicrobial nanoparticles on medical textiles, e.g. hospital sheets, medical coats and bandages.
Translation
MODSIMTEX - http://www.modsimtex.eu/
Development of a rapid configuration system for textile production machinery based on the physical behaviour simulation of precision textile structures
Translation
1. Finite elements analytic (FEA) simulation system to predict precisely how textiles react to certain contour conditions (tension, flexion, filtration power, transpiration, barrier effects, etc.)
Translation
2. artificial-intelligence-based simulation system to overcome the limitations of the analytic model - Translation
DEPHOTEX - http://www.dephotex.com/
Development of photovoltaic textiles based on novel fibres.
Translation
• novel fibres with conductive properties as substrate
• materials and techniques for flexible photovoltaic textiles
• Translation
TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION
• Development of a wearable and flexible substrate energy source directly on textile products.
• Translation
MICROFLEX - http://microflex.ecs.soton.ac.uk/
Micro fabrication production technology for MEMS on new emerging smart textiles/flexibles
Translation
Mechanical action
Lighting
Sensor
Drug delivery
Medical
Transport
Workwear
Consumer
Smart bandage, Auto sterilization uniform
Active monitoring underwear
Luminous cabin, smart driver seat,
auto clean filters
Danger warning workwear (heating suite, high visibility, gas sensing, temperature sensing, movement sensing, alarm sounder
Massage and cooling/heating armchair
Luminous wall, surroundings customisation
BRAVEHEALTH - http://www.labor-eu.net/
A miniaturised multi‐parameter measuring unit made of miniaturised sensors and conductive fibres embedded to continuously monitor critical parameters to diagnose and manage Cardiovascular Diseases
Translation
Textile Integration of Electronics Tsinghua University (China) partner Translation
Conclusions
1. The textile sector has a large room for innovations
Translation
2. FP7 can be an opportunity for Chinese partners
A Chinese company, research centre or other institution can be
partner of a EU-funded FP7 project and can receive funding from
EU
Translation
Thanks for your attention!
Tommaso Foglia ([email protected])
INNOVA S.p.A.
Via Giacomo Peroni, 386 - 00131 Rome - Italy
Tel: +39 06 40040358
68
The process of formally transferring new discoveries and innovations resulting
from research to industrial sector.Perspective in:• sciencescience: formal transfer of new discoveries and innovations resulting
from scientific research conducted at universities to the commercial sector
• industryindustry: mechanism that enables companies to solve their own technology needs by purchasing or licensing other companies’ technology and expertise
• knowledgeknowledge: any process by which basic understanding, information, and innovations move from an university, an institute, or a government laboratory to individuals or firms in the private and quasi-private sectors
Translation
Definitions
69
– Developers (generators): the owner or source of the innovative technology, product, process, expertise or know-how
– Recipients: the organisation or company that purchases innovative technology, product, process, expertise or know-how
– Catalysers: Governments, Banks, Equity Funds, University system, Citizens, Unions
– Translation
Players
70
• A private company including SMEs• A research organisation• A governmental Agency/ Laboratory• A university• A Technology Centre• An Individual• Translation
The Developer or Recipient could be one of the following
71
• Organizations which provide technology transfer referrals and information
• Technology brokers
• Technology transfer consultants
• Law firms
• Technology transfer conference organisers
• Technology business incubators and research parks
• Translation
Catalysers
72
• Formation of new technology-based companies from R&D organizations (e.g. spin-offs).
• Licensing patents, software and technical know-how, prototypes.
• Performing contract R&D for clients and transferring the results.
• Sharing information in interactive events (conferences, workshops, briefings, visits).
• Translation
Mechanims
73
• Performing cooperative R&D.
• Forming R&D or technology transfer consortia.
• Providing technical assistance.
• Employing unique R&D facilities and capabilities.
• Activities which catalyse or facilitate any of the above.
• Translation
Mechanims
74
– Open Science Model
– License Model
– Interaction Model
– Spin-out Model
– Translation
The Business Model
75
SaleProductionDevelopmentResearch
– From research to technology transfer: you can “order” or “adapt” innovations
– Translation
End-User
Developer Recipient
Technology Transfer
Open Science Model
Services:To the developer: Partner Search, FundingTo the recipient: Funding, Project generation, Management, BPR, Tech. MarketingTo both: IPR / negotiation
76
• Universities does not retain any IP rights (except citation)
• No need for IP management
• Little incentive to invest in applications (both by culture and lack of
protection)
• No direct impact on regional economy
• Still the most widespread model in Europe
• Translation
Open Science Model
77
SaleProductionDevelopmentResearch
– From production to technology transfer: you can “buy” innovations
– Translation
End-User
Developer Recipient
Technology Transfer
Services:To the developer: Partner SearchTo the recipient: Technology MarketingTo both : IPR / negotiation
License Model
78
– Ownership of results by PROs not (yet) recognised as best practice)
– Non uniform IP laws across Europe
– Patenting costs are prohibitive (5xUS)
– Not enough uptake by European industry
– Most deals are with non-European licenses: does not support European
economy
– Translation
License Model
79
SaleProductionDevelopmentResearch
– From development to technology transfer: you can “manufacture” innovations
– Translation
End-User
Developer Recipient
Technology Transfer
Services:To the developer: Partner Search, Funding, IPRTo the recipient: Funding, BPR, Technology MarketingTo both: IPR / negotiation
Interaction Model
80
• Builds on the Licensing Model and IP
• Background technology & patent become tools to seed development
• Proof of principle is made in collaboration with industry
• Demonstration funded in part by public money (EU Framework programs)
• Translation
Interaction Model
81
• Foster innovation as interactive process; compatible with University mission if:
– Contributes to science
– University can capitalise on foreground
– Fair share of returns
• Contributes to regional economy
• Translation
Interaction Model
82
SaleProductionDevelopmentResearch
– From research to technology transfer: you can “do” innovations
– Translation
End-User
Services: Technology watch, Partner search, IPR, BPR, Business Plan, Technology Marketing, Financing, VC and Seed Capital
Spin-out Model
83
• Builds on the Licensing Model
• Background technology used as platform to develop new business concepts
• Only alternative when no industry partner in sight
• Contributes to regional development
• Contributes to rejuvenating economy
• Slow process: more than 10 years for mature companies
• Translation
Spin-out Model
84
• They are created spontaneously by entrepreneurs
• Rate of creation can be increased by the right combination of incentives:
– Pre-seed and seed capital
– Science Incubators
– Training and coaching of entrepreneurs
– Recognition and entrepreneurship culture
– Translation
How to support the creation of durable spin-outs?
85
• Sustainability is still a problem:
– Access to talents
– Strategic partnership
Translation
How to support the creation of durable spin-outs?
Problems in international Technology Transfer
86
• Difference in culture
• Difference in intellectual property protection regime
• Difference of rules within systems. Institutional versus individual ownership
• Biases and wrong beliefs
Translation
Thanks for your attention!
Tommaso Foglia ([email protected])
INNOVA S.p.A.
Via Giacomo Peroni, 386 - 00131 Rome - Italy
Tel.: +39 06 40040358