The South SecedesWhat was the Spark that led to the Civil War and How did the dominos fall in the war?

Notice Missouri: Slave sate that did not secede. Governor Jackson wanted to but did not have enough support. For a time Missouri had 2 governments-one pro-union and one pro-confederacy

The South Secedes

Causes of Secession:•The Election of Lincoln– Republican

Dominated House, Senate, and Executive caused fear

– Southern states feared Abolition of Slavery.

– Lincoln did not carry a “true” southern state

The South Secedes

Secession:•South Carolina – Nov 1860– SC Declaration of Independence

• People had the right to abolish an abusive Government• Gov. had failed to protect property rights of Individuals

•Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas all follow by Feb 1, 1861•Virginia, North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas all pledge Secession if force is used to unify the Union•Secession sentiment is not Universal – 30-40% disagree

The South SecedesNorthern Opinion:•Mixed

– Union should be kept together at all costs

– Allow the south to leave– Union was better off without

the Southerners– Lincoln: what would happen to

Unity of the US if South allowed to Secede? – Could more secede?

•Lincoln:– NO State cannot secede

without the consent of the other states

The South SecedesThe Spark•The Fall of Fort Sumter

– South secedes and seizes all Federal arsenals and Forts in the South

– March 1861 – One fort remains – Fort Sumter in SC

– The Siege– Robert Anderson –

Commander Calls for Help– Lincoln’s Plan

• Resupply

The Confederates Fire on the Ships

The South SecedesThe Spark•April 12, 1861

– Confederates Order Evacuation of the Fort

– Refused– Artillery bombardment for

1 day– Federal Troops Surrender

•Federal presence is completely removed from the South!•The Civil War has begun!

The South SecedesThe Nation Rushes To War•Lincoln calls for 75,000 man army to put down the Rebellion•South Mobilizes all state militias– Calls on Military Commanders– Robert E. Lee

•Rush causes Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia to join Confederacy

•The Border States: Slaveholding states who remain in the union and form a border with the Confederacy

The South SecedesThe Border States:•MO, KY, MD, DE•Each had Strategic or Resource Importance•Missouri - Conflict– Maryland - Martial Law

Declared•Delaware - Captured•Kentucky– “I hope to have God on my

Side, but I must have Kentucky.”

-Abraham Lincoln

The South Secedes

• By 1861 the north and South have reached the point of no return in this conflict.

• The war will be the bloodiest on US Soil ever with hundreds of thousands of casualties in just 4 years

• New Technology and old world tactics will combine to create one of the most interesting wars in US history… Battles known by Every American will pit tens of thousands of men at each others throat

• Who will win? North or South? Free or slave? Federal Power or States Rights?