The Craftsman - 1910 - 11 - November

7/27/2019 The Craftsman - 1910 - 11 - November

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TIFFANY & co.

The INITiffany Blue Book

which has just beenissued, will materiallyassist in the seledion of

ChriStmas Cif ts

The Correspondence Department offers satis-factory facilities to intending purchasers at adistance, who are not able to make theirselection in person

Tile Tilfany Blue Book contains informationconxrning the entire stock of jewelry, silver-ware, china, stationery, watches, clocks, etc.,\vi:h their range of prices; alid will be sentupon quest

FifthAvenue 37th StreetNewYorkk

Kindly mention The Craftsman

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CRAFTSMAN ADVERTISING DEPARTMENT

buaranteed Baths andLavatories

YJU cannot give too much thought to the sanitary condition of your bathroom. It isof vital importance to every member of your family. IT CONCERNS THEIR HEALTH.

As a guide to prospective purchasers of bathroom fixtures-to eliminateuncertainty about their sanitary worth-to make you certain that yourinvestment will yield a lifetime of service-a guarantee label is placedon every *ftawda*d Fixture.label.

You should look for this *$tandatrdIts presence is a safeguard against future dissatisfaction. It is

there for your protection.All @mine $tavdar6 fixtures for bathroom,kitchen and laundry are identified by the Green

If you would avoid dissati sfactien and expens e,

and Cold Label with one exception. Thereinstall a guaranteed fixture-either the Greenand Gold Label Bath, or the Red and Black Label

are two classes of our Guaranteed Baths: theGreen and Cold Label Bath, and the Red and

Bath according to the price you wish to pay.

Black Label Bath. The Green and Gold Label

Guard against substitutes trading on our name

Bath is triple enameled. It is guaranteed forand reputation. They must have the $hrw

The Red and Black Label Bath isguarantee label to be our make. All fixtures

five years.double enameled. It is guaranteed for two years.

purporting to be *$tandand are purious, un/e~sthey bear cur guara ntee l abel.

Send or your copy of ew beautiful new baok Modern Bathroomsof invslu~ble ssistance n the plaanimg f ym~r athroom.

It xili prowMany mod&rooms re

illustrated coating rom $78 to $600. lbis valuable book s rent for 6c. portage.

standard sanitaxg ?I?&. Co. Department 39, Pi ttsbnrg, Pa.(New York. 35-37 W. 3 1st Chicago: 15 Ashland B&k: Philadelphia: 128 Walnut St.: Toronto.I Can.: 59 Richmond t. E : P&burg: 949 Penn Ave : St. Louis: 100-Z N. Fourth St &w Odrans

andShowr ooms:

i

Car. Baronne nd St. Joseph tr.: Montreal, Can.: 2 14 Co&tine Bldg.: Boston: ohn Qancwk Bldg.;Louisville: 19-23 W. Main.%.; Cleveland: 48-652 Huron Road. S. E.: Londo n, E. C.: 59Holh.xnViaduct: Houston. cx.: Preston nd Smith Stmla; San Francirca: 303.04 Metropolis ank Building.

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ITHE CRAFTSMANPUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE CRAFTSMAN PUBLISHING CO,41 WEST THIRTY-FOURTH STREET, NEW YORK CITY

GusTA STICKLEY, Editor. EDGAR E. PHILLIPS, Manager. MRS. M. F. ROBERTS, Managing Editor.

VOLUBLEIXContents for November,1 9 10 NUMBER

Woodrow Wilson . . . . . . .Woodrow Wilson: One of the Men the People Need . .Zll7*struted

Frontispiece. 117

Halloween: A Pagan Festival . . . . .fftU,tz Impulse in French Art Born of the Spirit of the North : 1

124: 126

Attuned: A Poem . . . . . By E d ward Wi l b u r Mason 134The Common Sense of William James . By M. I r win M acDomld 135Why His Thought Has Becqme the Thought of the People

The Sunny Years . . . . .Illustrated by Adam Emory Albrights Paintings of Childhodd

By Gard ner Teal1 140

zllustruted

For Thanksgiving Day, Nineteen Hundred and TenBy M arguerite Ogden Bi gelow 148

Civic Improvement Here and Abroad . . By Frunk Chouteuu Brown 149Number OneZJlustrated

A Thanksgiving Poem . . . . By Edwar d Wilbur Mason 153&t$zTpe Treatment for Craftsman Houses . By H arold D . Phelps 154

The Art of Bernice and Agatha . . . By Walter A. Dyer 162Weeds:APoem. . . . Bj Aileen Clcdeland Higgzns 168Modern Country Homes in England . . By Bar ry Parker 169Number EightZllustrutsd

Significance and Progress of Municipal Music, and ItsPower to Develop the Festival Spirit . . By Arthur Farwel l 179Railroads as Aids to Farmers . . . . . . . By Th e Ed it or 186Among the CraftsmenCraftsmen Houses for Home Builders . . . . 192Zllustrated

One Womans Idea of Individuality in the Building of Her HomeZllustrated

. 197How the California Bungalow Illustrates the Right Use ofBuilding Materials . . . . . . .Zllustrated

By H elen L ukens Gau t 200

House Built at Poughkeepsie from Craftsman Designs . . . . . 202Zllustrated

Pottery Making without a Wheel . . . G . . By Har r ie t Joor 204Craftsman Designs for Cabinet and Metal Work . . . . . . 207Illustrated

Als ik Kan . . . . . . . By The Edi tor 211 Notes: Reviews : . . . . . . . D . . . 212

IIe8tcrn Advenising Office:246 Micbwn Ave.. Chicago, 111. 25 CEN TS A COPY; $3.00 A YEA R Ryto dvenisg*fX ce:47u Hovlsron SC., Boston. Mass.Cop~rinbt. 1910. by The Craftsman Publishing Co. ALI rights r enewed. Entered as second4ass matter at Ihe New York Post Office,New York. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office Department. Canada.iii

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JamesMcCreery Co,23rd Street 34th Street

Library and Living Room Furniture

The suite il lustrated is a Chippendale reproduction, soli d mahogany, finely carved,upholstered in antique Brocade.

Settee, Arm Chair, Side Chair and Foot Rest. . . . . . . . . . . . $5 5O.CO

23rd Street New York 34th Street

I i 1 IJT.l.MANS MiNTTAT.

HANDWORK IN OODBy WIL LIAM NOYES, M.A.Assistant Pn~tessor. I ndustrl~ Art Teachers

College, Columbia Unl wrs~ty

THE BEST BOOK ON WOODWORKI NGEVER WRITTEN FOR TEACHERS

COMPREHE NSIVE m SCHOLARLY

The one book of reference that we believecraftsmen an 1 teachers of woodwork wil lfeel that they must always have at hand

231 Pages 304 I llustrationsGeneral Bi bliography. References

at the end of each chapter

TEN CHAPTERS

1. Loggina 6. Equipment and Care2. Sawmilling of the Shop

3. The Sawing and Meas- 7. Ths Common J oints

wing ci Wood8. Types of Wooden

4, Wood Hand Toolsstructures

5. Wood Fastenings9. Pri nciples of J oinery

10. Wood Fi nishinw

Price. $2.00 PostDaidBooks on D-sign. C lay Work, Wood Tur ning, Wood-working, Furniture I\ Iaking. Mechanical Drawing,Perspective, Water Color, etc. We wil l be pleasedto mail our l ist of books on the Manual Arts.

THE MANUAL ARTS PRESSPEORIA, ILLINOIS

1OF ARTISTS COLORSWHAT THE ARTIST SHOULD KNOW ABOUT THE

CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY OFPIGMENTS AND MEDIUMS

TRADE c

@

MARK

~ i SIGMUND ULLMAN COMPANYPark Ave. and 146th St., New York, U. S. A.

4Iimitednumber of this~ublicati on onbandforfreedistribution

PAINTINGS

AMERICA: ARTISTSChoice Eramples Always cm view

SMALL BROA& and

VOLKMAR POTTERY

WILLIAM MACBETH450 FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK


iv

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I Iashington University

St. Louis School of Fine Arts 2,~;; %(;I. ull y Equi j$d to give znslructi m in

L

Drawing. Ceramc-Decoration, Pottew, Painting.Applied Arts. Composition, Modeling,

Anatomy Book Bindinn. Crafts lllustratlonFor full information and free illustrated handbo lt. apply to

E. H. WUERPEL, DirectorBeautifully located at Skinker Road and L&dell

Boulevard. St. Louis. MO.

PRATT INSTITUTE RT SCHOOLBROOKLYN, NEW YORK

~X3~;i .g A~plj ed Design. I nterior Decoration,. T extile andeslgn. J ewelry, Sil venmithi ng, L ife Portrait.

I llustr ation, Composition, Modeli ng, Oil and Water ColorPainti ng. Two and three year courses in Architettue. TWOyear courses in Normal Art and Manual Trai ning.

30 Studios : 35 Instructors t 24th Year

WALTE R SCOTT PERRY. Dime*,

1 New ork chool fFine ndApplied rt 1CRAFT.9 DEPARTMENT

Classes now forming for indivi< ual instruct;onin J ewelry,Beaten Metal, Fur niture F itti ngs. P ottery. heatherWeaving and Basketry-A special design course 1s wvenin connection with each craft. Special Saturday Classfor teachers-Send for circular . F ee reasonable.

Susan F.B issell, Secretary, 2237 Broadway, New York City

HOME-MAKINGTHE NEW PROFESSION

I s a 70-page ham-book: its FR EE . Home-study Dome:tic

Science courses; Health. F ood, House Pl anning, Management,etc. For home-makers, teachers, dieti tians, matrons. etc.Bulletins: Free Hand Cooking on Scientific Principles, 48pages. il l., 10~ ; Food V alues-Practical Dietetics, I Or.

Am. School af Hame Economcs. 504 W. 69th St., Chicago, III.

THE HE$Ri;;HOOL

SEASON 1910 - 1911Classes in Drawing, Painti ng and Composition under theinstruction of Robert Henri and Homer Boss. For cataloand all information regarding the School address: HOMPlEBOSS, Di rector. Studio 603. 1947 Broadwav, N. Y.

THE DARD HUNTERSCHOOLof ANDICRAFT

EAST AURORA. NEW YORK

Courses in Hand-made J ewelry andL eaded Art -glass : : : : : :

Mr. Dard H unter is devoting hisli fe to Arts and Craf tsand hxs x:orkcdin the-E&i nE-amhops of Vienna,Munich and Darmstadt. With the

help of our Xl odem School of Handicraft you can makein your awn home the things he has made. All the toolsneeded arc furni shed. The instr uctions are simple andmmnnderstood. Wont you help ir sushei?n the betterdav which means fewer and better thinns. and those tobe-made by ourselves? L et u= send you a description ofour plan of teachmg and pictures of the thmgs made byour pupils.

Art is long---ivtoften largely .because thematerials used make it so.The valuable time wastedin fussing and putteringover the imperfect sur-face of an inferior draw-ing paper sets the final

result just that much far-ther away. Art is not SOlong when

StrathmoreDrawing Papers

and Boards

are used. Whether forbrush, pen, crayon, char-coal or pencil, there isa texture and surface inStrathmore,exactly suitedto the work in hand-flawless and of a qualityunequalled in &her draw-ing papers. Your dealerwill&w you the sample

book, or well send it ifyoull write us.

MITTINEAGUE PAPER COMPANY

Stmthmore Quality* MillsMittineague, Mass., U. S. A.


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THE CRAFTSMAN DIRECTORY FOR BUYERS

ART OBJECTS. SKETCHES, PAINTINGS, Prairie Grass Furniture Co. ......... xxxiPRINTS, ETC. Wolverine Mfg. Co ............... .xxxir

Bureau of University Travel ........... .vDoubleday-Page Art Company ......... .ixMacbeth. William ................... .iv

HARDWARE

ARTISTS AND CRAFTSMANS MATE-RIALS

Belcher & Loomis Hardware Co. ...... .xiCasement Hardware Co ........... .xxxixHammacher. Schlemmer & Co ....... .xxxSargent & Co. .................. .xrxvii

Faber. Eberhard. .................. .xiiiFrost & Adams Co ............... .xxirHall. W. A ........................ ..x iLawrence. A. C . Leather Co. ....... .xxxiMarshall,Son&Co.. ................. xiMitt&ague Paper Co ................ .vNational Blue Print Co ............. .xiiiUllman, Siimund, Co. ............... .iv

HEATING APPARATUS PLUMBING

Covert, H. W .. Co.. .............. xxxviiFarquhar Furnace Co ............. .xxxvJewel1 Mfg. Co ..................... .xliM&mm-Howell Co ................. xviiSmithdiThayerCo.. ............... xxx

BOOKSHOME FURNISHINGS

Bungalowcraft Co ................ .xuiiiManual Arts Press ................... .ivNewson, John Henry. ............... .x1BUman, Siimund, Co ................ .iv

BUILDING MATERIALS

Assochted Tile Manufacturers ....... .xxvFiske&Co.. .................... .uvilNorthrup, Cobum 6 Dodge Co. .... .xxxivStandard Stained Shingle Co. ......... .x1Wadsworth, HowLand 6 Co ........ .uvii

E.B.BndgerSoosCo.. .............. xlBums & Bassick Co .............. .xxviiiFoster Bras ...................... .xxxivFrost Arts & Crafts Workshop ..... .xxxviiiFulpex Pot&y Co ................ .xxviiiGates Pottery Co ........ ........... .xxXVI,LGlobe-Wemicke Co ................ .xxvMcCreery. Jas..&C 0.. ............... ivThe Sculptural Portrait Co. ......... .xliStickley, Gustav ..................... . .Sturtevant Co . B. F ............... .rriii

JEWELRY

CEMENT & CEMENT SUPPLIES

Truss Metal Lath Co .............. .xxxiiWadsworth, Howland 6 Co. ....... .xxvii

Espositer.A.&S.,Co.. .............. xiiiGorham, The Co ................... xviLester, F. E., Co. .................. .IIIl**Lyon. J. M . L Co. ................ ..xli iTiffany &Co ........................ .i

CIGARS

La Reclama Cuban Factory ........ .rxxv LIGHTING FIXTURES

DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, FIX-TURES, FLOORS, ETC.

Bmneman & Co., Chas. W .......... uxviCasement Hardware Co ........... xxxixInterio r Hardwood Co. .............. .xUMorgan Co. ..................... .xxxii

Macbeth-Evans Glass Co ......... .xxxviiiMarion PIon Future Co ........... rliMilIer, Edward. k Co ............... .xriPhipps & Sons ...................... .x1Sunlight Gas Machine Sales Co ..... .rxiv

ENGRAVING

LUMBER, TIMBER

Davis, Edw. L .. Lumber Co. ........ .x=xSouthern Cypress Manufacturers Assnxxii

HOSkinS ............................ .X1Imperial Engraving Co. .......... .xxxviiW&gins, John B .. Co ................ .x1

FURNITURE

MANTELS, FIREPLACES. ETC.

Colonial Fireplace Co. ............ .xrriiCovert, H. W., Co .............. ..rrrvi iVoss Mantel Co .................. ..uv i

J.P.Carey &Co.. .................. xiiFlint Co . Geo. C ................... .xvGlobe-Wernicke Co. ................ xxvPcCreery, Jas., & Co ............... iv

PATENTS

Chandlee & Chandlee ............... .xiii

PAINTS, STAINS, DYES, VARNISH,GLUE, COATINGS, ETC.

Cabot,Samue.l,Inc.................uv iDevoe. F. W . . & Raynolds. C. T., Co .nviiJohnson,S.C.,&Soo.. ............... viiLe Pages Glue. .................. .xxviiiNational Lead Co ................ .uriiiPratt & Lambert .................... .x1Smith & Co .. Edw., ............... .xxiX

Standard Sanitary Mfg . Co. ............ .ii

PUBLICATIONS

American Magazine. ................ .xiHouse B eautiful .... _. ............ .mvi

Scribners Magazine ................. viii

ROOFING MATERIALS

Standard Pain t Co .................. .xir

RUGS, CARPETS, ETC.

Beaudura Carpet Mills ............ .xaxRiDilley. A.U.. ...................... . xlKimball, Chas. H. .................. .x1Saxony,C.........................xvii iSloane. W. 6 J. .......... .Back CoverThread 6 Thrum Workshop ........ .xxixUnited Mills Mfg. Co. ............. .xxxi?Whittall, 1. J.. ..................... xx

SCHOOLS

American School of Home Economics. ... vBatchelder, Ernest. .............. .xuviiDard Hunter School of Handicraft. ..... vHenrlSchoolof Art.. ................. vN. Y. School of Fine k Applied Acts. ... .vPratt Institute ....................... .vSt. Louis School of Fine Arts. .......... v

STATIONERY

Wiggins, John B., Co ............... .x1

TOOLS

Belcher & Loomis Hardware Co ....... .x1

Frost & Adams Co ................ .xxlxFrost Arts Ct Crafts Workshop ..... .uxviiiHammacher. Schlemmer & Co ........ xxxW.H.Porter Yfg.Co .............. .riii

WALL COVERINGS, STENCILS

Devoe. F. W., k Raynolds. C. T., Co. xxviiStandard Table Oil Cloth Co ........ .uriWiggins Sons Co., A. B ........... .xxdil

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May We SendYou Free SamplesTo P r o ve T h a t You C a n A r t i s t i ca l l y C ol o r a n dF i n i sh A n y K i n d o f Woo d A b ou t t h e H o m e

CRAFTSMAN ADVERTISING DEPAR I MENT

Y~ can product an\- tlcsircd shade and effect. The cxpcnsc is slight-the work

cas\r ant1 simple. _ First applv Johnsons \\ootl L)\-c--made in 14 shncle~ aslis;c>tl l,clo~v. O\-cr the 11)-c iightly apply Johnsons Ircparcd \\ax--and you

I,;Lvc: n lp:Lutiful, rich, subdued finish that will not mar or show scratch.Jo]lnwns ~~oocl I)yc must not bc confused with cohrcd vnrnishcs or stains, which

mcr-ly coat the surface of the wood llitling the natural grain 1Xauty. Johnsons \\oo 1]jyc is not a nierc stain-not niercly a surface> dressing-it is a deep-scatctl dye whichg0cs to the vcq heart of the woocl and stays there, fixing 3 rich and pcrmancnt color.

J ohnsons Wood Dyeis made in fourteen attractive shades, as follows:

J ohnsons Prepared Waxdries quickly over Dye or any other finish Su that it tn:cy l)e brought to a beautiful, dull, artisticfinish. Jt should l)e used for all woodwork, floors and furniture including pianos and is just theoreuaration for Mission furniture.L L

J ohnsons Under - Lachuperior to sheWoorl Dve whcdrvinp h;

is not a comm,,n v;irlliSh--Ijut ;I thin, elastir. sljirit preparationIlac or ordinary varnish, and is to be used over:re n higher gloss than n was finish is desired,

~ xrd in half an hour. Best preparation for linoleum;md o:cloth, bringing out the pattern as glossy as new. Gallons,$2.50-smaller sizes tloxn to half pints.

Ftilo~rl the mu/m for jrcc sowflcs onJ hooklcls

S. C. Johnson & SonQ-iYJ

The Wo d Finishing Authorities~

: :IRacine. Wiv-n=;n I

i2 : : it. . ._

Ii indly mention The Craftsman

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In the NOVEMBER

SCRIBNERThe beginning of the New SerialK e n n e d y S q u a r eB y F . H op k i n son Sm i t hA -

A u t h o r o f ( 6 T h e F or t u n e s o f Ol i v er H o r n

A story of the old South. Its ideals are those thathave always made the world happier and better.

The Bigot. A Short Story by ThomasNelson Page. Th e c h aracter of the old New Englanderand the story of his life will take a place among the authors bestremembered creations.

The Land of the Buffalo. The first of ErnestThompson SetOIlS ZIrtiCleS &scribing is xperiencesin the wonderful country of The Arctic Prairies. A region almost

unknown to the white man. Illustrated with drawings and photo-graphs by the author.

Through the Mists -The Coming of theHuns. A highly imaginative glimpse of the great invasionof Central Europe in the fourth century, by Sir Arthur ConanDoyle (one of several sketches by him to appear in the next fewmonths). Illustrated by N. C. Wyeth.

Another of General Funstons vivid andromantic arti&% about Fighting with Insurgents. The

Fall of Guaimaro.

Correspondence of Washington Irving andJohn Howard Payne. A most interesting contributionto literary and dramatic history.

Send for a Prospectus for 1911. It will settle any doubt as to thechoice of a magazine for next year--%X00 ayear : 25 cents a number

CHARLES SCRIBNERS SONS. NEW YORKKindly mention The Craftsman

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CRAFTSMAN ADVERTI SING DEPARTMENT

A VISIT TO THE WORLDS GREATART GALLERIES

DOUBLEDAY-PAGEART COMPANY

GARDEN CITY. N. Y.

Kindly mention The Crafts

ix

:0ccpati. . . . .*.. ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Address in Full. .,. . . . . . . . . . ,, .,.., . .



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CHRISTMAS IFTS N OPPER

Blotter Pat1 . S5.WLetter Holder . . . : 3.XInk Well . . . . 3.75Stamp Box 2.00Hand Bl ott er : : 1 : 1.25

Icm Tray $1.25Clip . . . 1.25Letter Opcwr . . , . . 1.25Calendar . . .Desk Set, Complct;, Y. Pie&s :

1.2520.00

x0. 369Chafing Dish-Lid, Standardand Tray of Hammered Cop-per with Glazed Casserole.Price, with Tray $1 5 .ooCapacity of Casserole 2 Q,at&.Diameter of Tray 13 in.

- -~

Iio. 274Serving Tral- . . . . . $6.00Diameter 16 in.Made in Hammered Copper or Brass.

Hammered Copper Sut I


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The Secret Garden is a romance of youth as unique and absorbing as Little Lord Fauntleroy. it is difficult

I to describe this wonderful story. It is a story of mystery. There arc in it three wonderful childrenI . .strange and romantic cwxm-

It--then use this couoon-for

and a great woman. It shows the magx or nature wonnng unr~erstances. It narrates the reformation and unbuilding of a life.

The Sec ret Garden is one of those universal romances unplaced and unplaceable, adelight for all that read, of any age.

If you want to lose yourself in this buoyant, joyaus,~thrilling story of youth,=r-***L J~J;-J as we would like to have, ,...I.L~it is your key Lo the Secret Garden. It willunlock the gate and le t you in to a bit of earthlyParadise. Once inside, if youre not as happythere as Mary Lennox was, you dont have tostay. But youll want to stay, and well make

Ilease tet me into the secret Gankn rhntw,,*,4 I,U,k hY Im< c lIodgsan HurnP,t or the lovers cd r.i,,,r

it easy for you -remember the coupons your

1 or~i 1:auntlero).. I enrl0.e herewith 25cents for the xovem-key-use it.

ier awi Ikcemher ksix3 of Thrhncrimn hfagarinr, contain.iDl l,C first two n.altF 0 thr srrret ,:,w,en. Thk iF incts-,,I are is YOUr key to the Secret


Begin THE SECRET GARDEN inTHE NOVEMBER

AMERICANThe Big New Serial MAGAZINE

By FRANCES H ODCSON BURNETTAuthor of Little Lord Fauntleroy, The Shuttle, etc.

LEATHERFOR CRAFTSMENWe sell any size piece of leather

for Fancy Work. Pyrogrephy. Tooling,Wall Decoration or Table Cover.

We sell whole &ins or cut to any size. Call or write. Sam&of 40 shades of fancy leather and our book d Fancy LeatherSuggestions mailed or I5r.for thesnme quality goods.

Our prices cannot be duphenldEstablished 11354.

MARSHALL, SON & CO.,231 PURCHASE STREET, BOSTON, MASS.

I CUTAlVYSIZEUPTOAWHOLESKI~A Stamp will bring a Sample CardW. A. HALL, 119 Boaoh St. - BOSTONCopper Work Tools

fOURBUSINESS REPRESENTATIVEmust hear the cold, critical scrutiny of a busyman. If a Peerless Patent Book Form Cardhas been sent in as your representative, you havesubmitted to his attention a card that will com-mand his admiration, compel his acknowledge-ment that a man of quality waits for an audience,and create an impression that the man who sent in tllatcard is worth seeing and his business worth henring.

P eer l e ss P a t e n t B o o k F or m C a r d

The John B. Wiggins CompanyEngravers. Die Embossers, Plate Pritltcrs

l-3 East Adams Street, ChicagoNew York Office: 350 Broadway

89-917KEyBossm STREET, ~ROVIDEBCE, R. I. 1


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YouCanHave his lectric am FreeALL TRANSPORTATION CHARGES PREPAI D

I f y ou w i l l sen d u s t w el v e n ew y ea r Z y su b sc r i b er s t o

TH E CRAF TSM AN

T

Iis a beautiful Craftsman Electric Lamp, made after a design which we consider

especially graceful. Height, 20 inches; Base, 73 x 7+ inches. Complete with shade.

Three incandescent lamps. Sh d fe o woven sweet grass or of Japanese wicker. Madein our own shops, and, like a!l Craftsman goods, is fully guaranteed. Think how easy it will

be for you to obtain it absolutely free.

This is only one of the many useful and beautiful articles you can secure free by nterest-ing your friends in THE CRAFTSMAN. W e want more circulation, and are willing to

give you something worth while * if you will help us secure new subscribers. If you will

only tell your friends what you think of the magazine it will not require any work on YOUI

part to secure their subscriptions. Remember we send all premiums to you with all chargesprepaid.

EDGAR E. PHILLIPS-The Craftsman41 WEST 34th STREET, NEW YORK

xii



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TwoCraftsmaWhich we will give to persons who will help us increasethe circulation of THE CR.~FTSMAN y securing new yearlysubscriptions for us. All the articles used by us as premi-ums are made in The Craftsman Workshops and thoroughlyguaranteed. We prepay all charges and goods are deliv-ered direct to you,

Of hammered brass or copper. lO>g incheshigh, 7 inches in diameter across the top.This is one of the characteristic Craftsmanpieces, intended primarily for utility, anddecorative because of its shape, color andsurface.

Given FREE for five new subscriptions

J ardiniere

of hammered copper or bras+, made suffi-cientlv large to hold a small flower potor a biqh of cut flowers. It is 5 incheshigh, 5 inches in diameter at the base and6% inches in diameter at the top.

Given FREE for six new subscriptions

Our Premium Catalogue includes 44 ifferent articles thatwe are giving away Absolutely Free to persons sending newyearly subscribers. It will not be any work for you tosecure some of them. Write at once for this catalogue.

EDGAR E. PHI LLI PS- The Crahman41 West 34th Street, New York City



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CRAFTSMAN ADVERTISING I>EPARTMENT

F~JNTSFINEF~TURESo Per- fed and So Peer l ess

USEFUL HOLIDAY GIFTSThose who put thought into their Holiday shopping appreciate that gifts of

real and lasting value are those which contribute to the Comfort as well as the

Beauty of ones daily surroundings.

Such are the useful Holiday Gifts displayed now in almost endless variety

throughout our ten spacious floors. Nowhere else can there be found such acollection of Gift Articles. combining Artistic Distinction with Practical Utility.

IMPORTED NOVELTIES in exclusive designs; Objects of Art ; Sew-ing Tables, Tea Wagons. Mutfm Stands, Book Blocks, Desk Sets. Candle Sticks

and a host of useful articles.

Our Trade Mark and Seventy Years Reputation is your guarantee for

FLINT LOW PRICES AND FLINT HIGH QUALITY.

Selections will be held for specified delivery dates, and our system of packing

insures safety to your purchase.

GEO. c. FLINT CO.

.43-47WEST 2ss ST. 24-28wEST 24sT.


xv

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Gorham SilverMany things go to the making of

a perfect piece of silver.The artist who is to design it must

possess all the knowledge he would

!!tEZto plan the Basilica of St.or compose

the Parthenon.the frieze of-

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xvi



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WODDROW WILSON : ONE OF THE MEN TE EPEOPLE NEED: CANDIDATE FOB CovEgNOR Op

NEW J ERSEY ON THE DEMOCRATIC TICKET.



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PUBLISHED BY TEE CRAFTSMAN PUBLISHING CO.VOLUME XIX NOVEMBER. I@10 NUMBER 2

WOODROW WILSON: ONE OF THE MENNEEDED BY THE PEOPLE: BY THE EDITOR

!ii!iw

INTERESTING parallel is discernible between theadmission by students of our economic problems thatthe basic solution is to be found in a back to thefarms

b% movement, and the growing recognition by

observers of the political situation that nothing but aback to the people movement inpermanent peace and order out of t B

olitics can bringe

and confusion. Thpresent unrest

1s is the fact which gives strength to the insurgentand progressive element in both parties. If the signs all oint to thecontrol of the next Congress by the Democrats, it is not fiecause the

eople have more faith in onePC politicians and office H

arty than in another, but becauseepublican olders are so inextricably entangled

in the machinery of the great financial, commercial and industrialcombinations that plain citizens feel that any change would be forthe better. The extent of this feeling throughout the country isevidenced by the result of the State conventions, which have gonefor the most part either to the insurgent Republicans or to the Demo-crats,-which is equal to sayin g that they have gone for the wholereform movement, irrespective of party traditions.

One of the strongest indications that this change in public senti-ment is no passing hysteria, but a conviction that hasthe very foundations of our national life, is the tacit ac L

rown up fromowledgment

by both parties of the necessity that confronts them this year for choos-ing as candidates for public office men who have clean hands andsound beliefs regarding right and wrong, rather than men skilled inthe intricacies of pohtrcs. The people are tired of the promises ofpoliticians; they want the deeds of men, and so profound is theirdistrust of the whole machine that is run by privilege and patronage,spoils and graft, that the man who seems to stand the best chance ofbeing elected this fall is the man who has had the least to do withpractical politics in the past.

Perhaps the most significant case in point is the nomination ofDr. Woodrow Wilson, President of Princeton University, for thegovernorship of New Jersey. Dr. Wilson has made the subject ofgovernment, and of American politics especially, his lifework. For

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A MAN NEEDED BY THE PEOPLE

years he has lectured to large classes on jurisprudence and consti-tutional government, and in his books as well as in his lectures he

has committed himself not to politics but to principles. Discussingrecently Dr. Wilsons peculiar fi tness for such an office as that ofGovernor, the President of Johns Hopkins University remarked:I have always been impressed with his hi h caliber, his brilliantscholarship, and his extraordinary executive a %ility. I suppose thereis no man living who, from the students stanclpomt, knows as muchabout the princrples of government as he does. But his availabilitylies in the fact that with his scholarship he has not ac uired thescholars aloofness from life. Th e presminent quality of R is teach-ing, we are told by those who have been his students, was his insistenceupon the vital relation of knowledge to real li fe. The end of think-ing, he contends, is action; the end of study, the betterment of human

conditions and human life.

IS

Hvalue to the country at large lies not in the fact that he is

the candidate of one party or another, but in the promise,uttered by his whole life and teachings, that in office as well

as out of it he will uphold the democratic ideals of this republic. Ifelected he will come to the service of theentangling political or financial alliances. Np

eople foot-free of anyo interest hostile to the

interests of the public holds a mortgage u on his hand and brain.But his avowed and recorded princrpleswhom he is free to serve.

a ly him with the people,

As oubernatorial candidate in New J ersey, a State whose hospital-ity ts ab corporations, good or bad, is a matter of nation-wide notoriety,special interest attaches to Dr. Wilsons attitude toward the vexedquestion of the control and regulation of corporation activities. Thereis probably no more corn

Katures and the courts tlicated and baffling problem before the legis-

of caan that of making the great combinations

woul dpital amenable to the law of the land. This college presidentmeet it by a practical recognition of the fact that guilt is always

personal. Under the present method ofI;

enalizincorporation with a fine the punishment fa Is more %

a law-breaking

innocent than upon the%

uilty-eavily upon the

u on the stockholders and the cus-tomers rather than upon t rlmen w o direct the policy of the business.But while you cannot effectually punish a car oration as a corpora-tion, you can unish the man or men

T!is isf

misdeeds. thresponsib e for the corporations

e course advocated by Dr. Wilson. In a recentaddress he aptly compares the large corporation to an automobile,and continues: I dont care how big the car is, so long as the driveris careful and conscientious; but the trouble is that some of our cor-

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A MAN NEEDED BY THE. PEOPLE

poration men are taking joy rides in their co orations.J )

Thusdoes he point his contention that guilt is ersona . .He believes in

I iunishing the jo -riders, Phereas many re ormers, when confrontedy the same prob 7 em, have shown an inclination to fine the automobile.

We must abandon at certain points, he argues, the fatuous andunnecessary fiction which treats the corporation as a legal andresponsible person. In a recent interview explaining his positionon this point he says:

Now I have no quarrel with big business, as such. But I wouldhave some individual or individuals held directly accountable tothe law for the wrong-doing and violations of the statutes which maybe committed in the name of the corporation. . . . . Everyact, every policy in the conduct of the affairs of a corporation origi-nates with some articular officer, committee or board. The officer,the committee, t Re board which orders an act or originates a policycontrary to the law of the land or intended to neutralize or contra-vene it, is an insurgent aany such act or policy s !?I

ainst society; .the man or men who originateould be punished, ,and they alone. . . .

You will say that in many instances it is not fair to pick out for pun-ishment the particular officer who ordered a thing done, becausehe really has no freedom in the matter; that he is himself under orders,exercises no individual liberty of choice, is a dummy manipulatedfrom without. I reply that society should permit no man to carryout orders which are against law and public policy, and that, if youwill but put one or two conspicuous dummies in the penitentiary,there will be no more dummies for hire.

S ECI AL interests have largely usurped control of our govern-ment. The people wi ll turn to such a man as Dr. Wilson be-cause they believe that his is the kind of leadership that willmake it possible for them to regain that control.and his test.

That is his problemIf New J ersey elects him it need only ask that he be as

unpartisan and as uncompromising in meeting the practical problemsof

tovernment as he was in expounding those problems in his books

in the lecture room. Dr. Wilson accepted the nomination,.Because he has certain well-defined ideas of government that hedesired to ut to the test, but the fact that he did acce

Kant of a c ange in our political ideals as is the factt is as signifi-

oP his nomina-tion. Even four or five years ago the suggestion that a universitypresident not connected with the inside organization of either partyshould be chosen as political leader in an acute crisis would havebeen hooted at by men whose whole lives are devoted to playingpolitics. Also, it would then have been exceedingly difficult to get

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any man of the stamp of Woodrow Wilson to forsake the peace anddignity of a position such as his in order to jumarena, and do his part toward putting the fear o P

into the politicalthe Lord mto the

hearts of those interests, financial and political, which have cometo regard the exploitin ht.

Of course, theof the public as their natural ri

nominatin a man ike this do so with the full behef that to itical leaders who yield to pu % it o inion

Rin

eir ownunderstan f ing of the intricacies of the political maze will enable themto control the situation and that, having offered a sop to public senti-ment by setting up an attractive figurehead,subside as it always has done and they will be a if

opular feeling willle

old game in the same old wa . Forgettinto play the same

E 5lthe wholesome lessons

given them by such men as overnor Huof New York, they hold that the alliance %

es and Mayor Gaynoretween politics and the

frivileged interests has lasted too long and become too firmly estab-

ished to be shaken by any mere impulse for reform, and none knowbetter than the astute politicians and financiers who have so longruled our national affairs how to bow before the storm and springback into the same

Rosition after it has passed.

As Dr. Wilson imself says: We have come to a new era. Wehave got to construct a new economic society, and in doing this wewill have to indirectly govern thekeynote of the whole situation. 8

olitical methods. Here is the

what their party affiliations,traight-thinking men, no matter

are determined to do what they cantoward constructing a new economic society; hence their newlyaroused interest in politics, through which they see the straightestroad toward the impending change. There has already been a re-alignment in fact, if not. in name, and the people are showin beyond

9uestion that what they want now are principles, not 7 atforms.f government is to be freed from the control of the

the men who are needed in public office are men Rrivilege cf interests,

w o would not knowhow to take a bribe in any form; men who will go straight at the rightor wrong of a question, utterly regardless of party affiliations andtime-honored party policies, and oblivious to all the subtle networkof patronage and obligation in which every politician of long standingis enmeshed in spite of himself.

I

N ORDER to live up to this standard a man would have to be some-

thing of a theorist, not necessarily a visionar whose theories wouldnot stand the test of practical application, i3ut a man who standssufficiently aloof from his subject to see it as a whole; to know some-thing of its history and to apeffect. That is why Dr. 2

ly it to the general laws of cause andoodrow Wilson is likely to make an

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WOODROW WILSON PLAYI NG

GOLF AT PRINCETON, N. J .



25/151www. historicalworks .com www. historicalworks .com www. historicalworks .com www. historicalworks .com


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unusually good overnor for New Jersey. He knows little or nothinof practical po itics, but he does know a

Practical way to approac E

the reforms for which the better element o both political parties areclamoring because the nation demands them. The ver fact that hehas studied out the question in an academic way gives -Iim a certainpers

i!ective that should aid him in testinstinate facts, and his incentive to f

his theories upon the armorof o o so will be tenfold as greatas that of the average man who is elected governor, because he seesthe chance and the necessity of living up to what he has said andwritten.

He is typical of the men who are now for the first time enteringan active political career in order that they may apply and test care-fully thought-out principles regardin

oing at the task in muc Iithe best type of re

fovernment;

8%

resentative

ramed thethe same spirit as t e men who

onstitution a proached the greater task of buildina new nation. If these % B

uponest and earnest leaders of the re orm

movement realize the greatness of their oit as reverently as did the men of the past, R

portunity and approacht eir names will be worthy

to stand as hi h.of its crude an %

Next to the buildmg up of a nation, theexuberant stren

?h into the right channels for %

uiding

growth is a work which demanealthy

s the best blood and the best brainsm the whole country. We have set ourselves up as an example tothe world of the success of the republican form of

Povernment. We

have come close to failing, not because the form o government waswrong, but because the dishonesty and selfishness of our applicationof its principles have dragged it down to a condition that is little betterin some respects than the open tyranny of the privileged classes infeudal times.

Returning to Dr. Wilsons relation to this problem, we find inhis own words evidence of his faith in the ower of the people tosolve it themselves, if given the .opportunity. 5 hus in a recent speechhe declares that, if elected, his duty will be not toward the conventionwhich nominated him, but toward the people who voted for him;and he promises to take every important measure before the Legis-lature out on the stump and discuss it with the peo le.same implication of faith in his assertion that the !I

There is theest thing you can

do with anything crooked is to lift it up wherethat it is crooked, and then it will either strarghten P

eople can see

9, itse f out or disap-

I recognize, he has said, no power but that of the people.gihe concluded his first political speech in the present campaignwith the statement: I want the people to be the jury. I do not wantany judge to butt in and obscure the issue.



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HALLOWEEN: A PAGAN FESTIVALI IS not surprising to find paganism and Christianityintertwined m obscure corners of Europe, and it seemsnatural enough when we stumble upon it among thosesublimated sava es, the American negroes. But howmany people rea ize that in this day and generation in

Eractical America the games we play on All Saintsve are survivals of pa an observances.

The first religious observance of Al k Saints Eve was in the seventhcentury in Rome at the time that the Pantheon was converted into aChristian temple. And, of course, All Saints Day is observed with aregular service in the Roman Catholic and theBut the secular English manner of celebratin Haioween which we

E &opal churches.

have preserved is pure1P

pagan. In fact, t a e old Enis

lish idea ofHalloween was practica 1 the same as the Irish May

tion and the German d

ve supersti-

aZpurgisnacht,-the time when fairies areabroad to work mischief or miracles, when spirits become visible andmay be communicated with; the time when all the WaZsprites cavort in the &o&en and when the powers of t k

~gisno&e mvisible

world are loosed and become all powerful.It is also the night for informing oneself-should one be pos-

sessed of curiosity on the subject-ufor the future, and especially for the ollowing year.

on ones matrimonial prospectsThere are mani-

fold devices for ascertaining these important facts-principallyfounded upon the miraculous divining power of nuts and apples.Everyone, m childhood at least, if not later, has bobbed for apples ina tub of water, the securing of the apple, of course, insuring the ulti-

mate possession of the partner of one s choice.Some of these means are boisterous and in the manner of peasantcelebrations, like the game of bobbin to catch in the teeth anstrin .

apOthers partake of t Re suspen 8

for apples, or the attempted from a swiftly untwisting

ing tTle ghostly, such as the custom of mount-

e stairs backward muttering some incantation, after which theseeker for knowledge must enter a dark room alone and look in themirror; then over her shoulder she will surely see the face of herfuture husband. Another English game consisted of oing into thekitchen garden blindfolded to pull up a cabbage. Tie amount ofearth attachin osed to be indicative of the mate-rial welfare o f

to the root was supthe future husban cr These two tests seem to have

been designed especially for the oung women.of these time-honoredf

ii There are a numberquestion to be blindfol

ames t at require the propounder of theed while making the momentous choice,-

another survival evidently of that ancient belief that fate is presentin the accidental selection. Th e mysterious spirits, powers of dark-



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HALLOWEEN: A PAGAN FESTIVAL

ness, or whatever they were conceived to be who were in ossession

of the facts about human destinies were supposed on Hal oween toguide the fingers of the girl reaching out for the empty bowl whichproclaimed her a desolate spinster or toward the bowl ful l of waterwhich signified a happy marriage, just as surely as fate was supposed,by those given-over to the fatalistic in times past, to lie in the turn ofa p;te; [laymE cards.

oy w o has grown up in a village or in some small com-munity as played pranks upon Halloween. There is no limit tothelfantastic nature of the tricks, from the familiar custom of remov-ing gates and disablin door-bells to the wildest feat their unitedbrains can concoct. & e boys do not know that they are art and

arcel of a pagan festival that stretches back into the days w

IL!

ii en men

lieved in elves and in fairies and in the tangible powers of evil .Yet even the most unimaginative boy infected with the spirit of Hal-loweve feels something-an impish sense of the freedom and the coolautumn night-that is in reality the survival of the primitive heatheninstincts that all boys possess, and that al ly them with the early li feof the race.

As long as there is anyone left in the world to thrill at the thoughtof fairies, so lon as Peter Puns apswered in the a ff rmative, there will B

eal across the footl ights is an-e the little responsive sensation

along the spine at the words Halloween, Wulpurgasnucht, May Eveand Johannistag. One of thedramatization of M ay E ve wit i

oet Yeats most exquisite plays is aall its symbolic human and poetic

significance, The Land of the Hearts Desire. Sudermann hasused Johannistug symbolically and picturesquely in his Fires of St.J ohn, and is not the third act of Die Melstersinger radiant with

0lmp&&t,,ot Jo~nnidug. The Bracken scene in Faust, The

itive FA Midsummer Nights Dream, Fiona McClouds

antasies, the scenes in the kingdom of the trolls in Peer 2rim-

yntand of the wood creatures in The Sunken Bell,-all these have thepower to create that thrill, to set in motion that inexplicable currentof our inherited memories reaching far back into the unknown, bind-ing us to that remote past, the beginnings of things.

Perhaps i t takes a German, a Scandinavian or a Celt to recon-struct for us the spirit of these elf-haunted anniversaries.case the fantasia of H alloween has yet to be written.

In any

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A NEW IMPULSE IN FRENCH ART BORNOF THE SPIRIT OF THE NORTH

I ETHER merely in art or through the great social

order, every academic phase of life is in the end boundto be followed by a reaction born of the need of allcreative conditions for freedom. After freedom isachieved more often than not follows its misuse bythe uninspired, and on the great strong fine limbs oftruth and reality will appear fungous growths,-

whimsicality, eccentricity, insincerity. And then, after these haveflourished and flowered, there is a revolt back to the academy, theriot of fanaticism dwindles away weakly into the formal and therestricted, The repetition of this circle is unending through centuriesof history, and all phases of our civilization, politics, morals andbeauty are whirled from convention to freedom and back again,

making somewhat of progress in the revolution.In the past few years America has made a rapid recovery from

a long period of formalism in art, and yet in spite of the utmost sin-cerity in her growth out to realism, she has commenced to acquirethe usual fungous growth, the artists who rely upon costume forcustom; ideas so tentative that they are obliterated by a nights rest;-unrealities so startling and worthless that art has seemed guilty aswell as ashamed. We have been for the last few years so secure inour new-found stren and freedom that we have taken little heedof the possibilities o B

ththe whimsical and false, but it is with us and

needs immediate and heroic treatment; for at present not only are wedeveloping a vital art, but an art which is manifestly vital to us, and

this fungous growth must be lopped off promptly or some of our finefree growth will be marred and injured and the truth of it hidden andpoisoned.

In France there is just now a reaction from a certain lawlessnessthat has grown into a convention; in other words, the final formalityof the Secession art. And the new phase of art which has not ownout of the old New Art, but away from it, has come in so si en@,in so dignified and simple a manner that we have scarcely been awareof its existence. We are still thinking of the most modern of Frenchart as a whirl of fantastic lines settled into a dead stilted mannerismand as color grown into a hard and fast cult of exag eration.

%We

have scarcely opened our eyes at all to the result of t e invasion ofParis by the North, the larSinding, of Maeterlinck, o B

e serene, generous spirit of the genius ofBjijrnson. But while its approach has

been subtle, unheralded, it has nevertheless sweetened and spirit-ualized the art of the last decade, until it is today a new and greatexpression of the never-dying art impulse of France.

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PAUL DUFJ OIS : MOD-ERK FRENCH SCULPTOR



31/151

, - .I =T

4

Fr om a Photograph by Henri M anuel.

PAUL CHARLES ALFRED AUBAN:MODERN FRENCH SCULPTOR.



32/151

From LI Phofogrn+h by Henri Manuel.

IAUIS NOEL, MODERN

FRBNCH SCULPTOR.



33/151

CAROLUS DURAN, MODERNFRENCH PAINTER.



34/151

.

;. ,1 ,...,

ALBERT BARTHOLME,

FRENCH SCULPTOR.



35/151

Fr om a Phoiograph bj Henri Alaxrrel.

J UN FRANCOIS RAFAiiLLI,

UODERN FRENCH PAINTER.



36/151

A NEW IMPULSE IN FRENCH ART

IIS amazing what a deep hold this northern spirit has taken of

the bigger men of Paris, while the world at large has scarcely

realized how serene and diopened for the men of ideas. f nified and wide a channel had beent is so absolutely untouched by Seces-sron tendencies, so far removed from the tentative efforts of youth,so wholly the outgrowth of hard labor, rich experience, the wisdomof cultivation, all touched and spiritualized by the impulse of the reatsane art of the North. It is wholly without melodrama, wit outpress-agent work, and as yet unrealized in that land of intensive pic-turesqueness,-the Latin Quarter.cult, no conscious school.

Its exponents belong to no specialProbably they have not as yet thought

of themselves as a group, and yet it is impossible to study the illus-trations which accompany this article wrthout realizin how com-pletely they represent a definite phase of art progress. % here is not

m one picture the slightest suggestion of pose; there is not in oneainting or bit of modeling an element of fanaticism or whimsicality.5 he men might belon g to any significant phase of French life; theymight be statesmen, musicians, organizers, scientists; it is impossiblefrom expression or personal characteristic to place them in the studio.They have outgrown that delight in picturesqueness which belongsto a fresh relation to art.

Like an great purpose, their art to these men is the most seriouselement of, 9 fe. It absorbs their thought, their great ambition, theirmost intimate personality. Whatever they have to say to the worldis said in their painting, in their sculpture. They have no time forvocabulary or costume; they have no time to cultivate a fantastic

personality; they are perhaps unconscious of conforming to the usualconventionalities of life; they impress one as men of judgment, ofwide cultivation, men of affairs, men who have the great things to sayand who are searching for the most sincere, the most direct way ofsaying them. Oddly enough, as one remembers the old standardsof artistic joy, they do not suggest failure or want or need of com-miseration. They are men of poise, of balance. It is indeed remark-able how inevitably they seem to conform to a tywhile to a nation, and these six pictures were se ected from a

e which is so worth

of twenty or more, all e Proup

in a way rather new to iiually proving what France has accomp ishedrance; that rs, with quiet dignity.

It is quite possible; in fact, more than

P

robable that the Salon

and the various exhibitions of Paris are sti 1 flooded with the wildeccentricities and with the stilted formalities which the Secessionmovement has impinged upon Continental art. But in the face ofthis new develo ment we are compelled to regard the more po ularmovement as o P the past, as a thing that we are moving away rom,

33



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THE COMMON SENSE OF WIL LIAM J AMES:WHY HIS THOUGHT HAS BECOME THETHOUGHT OF THE PEOPLE: BY M. IRWIN

MACDONALDHE late William James once said of the philosophy

which was to him the truest expression of life as hesaw it, that it was significant to humanity because itwas never separate from reality, never remote fromcommon sense, and never forgetful of the commonman. His complete identification of himself withthe essentially modern spirit of inquiry that we know

as Pragmatism was natural and inevitable, because the man himselfwas so normal and truthful in his way of thinking, so untiring in hisendeavor to gain some real understanding of life, that of necessityhe expressed as nearly as possible in its entirety the spirit of his ageand nation. He was the acknowledged leader of philosophicalthought and research in America, because he voiced so clearly theunderlyin

vienius of the American people. His one test for every

thought, ee ing or act was its workability. He held that each andevery theory, whether dealing with the most trivial conditions ofdaily life or dropping its plummet boldly into the depths of infinity,must earn its right to live by accomplishing some definite result.Every philosophrcal abstraction that resented itself to his mindhad to undergo the test of a frank an bold application to concreterconditions, for, however high he might soar m his lifelong searchfor the ultimate verities, the feet of this intensely human and modern

philosopher were always a lanted firmly upon the solid round.How many people un erstand exactly what is meant y Pragma-tism? We associate the word as a matter of course with the ordinarydefinition of the word pragmatic, which comes as nearly as possibleto being diametrically opposite to the whole spirit of this new, and yetold, conception of philosophy. Yet, if we look beyond the sort ofPra matism that is distinctly of the earth earthy, we find that thewor % means also a system of thought which occu ies itself with thescientific evolution of causes and effects, rather t an circumstantialdetails; a system that is practical because it admits only those theorieswhich have reference to human happiness and serve to promotehuman welfare. In other words, it is merely everyday common sense

raised to the realm of the universal. As Professor James himselfdescribed it: Pragmatism has no prejudices whatever, no obstructivedogmas, no rigid canons of what shall count as proof. She is com-pletely enial.

tiShe will entertain any hy othesls; she will consider

any evi ences. . . . In short, she wi ens the field of search for

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A PHILOSOPHER OF THE PEOPLE

God. . . . She will count mystical experiences if the havepractical conse

8

uences. She will take a God who lives in t t:e very

dirt of private act, if that should seem a likely place to find Him.. . . Her only test of probable truth is what works best in the wayof leading us and what fits every part of life best and combines withthe collectivity of experience, nothing being omitted.

The whole career of William James shows the natural evolutionof a clear, honest and direct mind; a mind keenly interested in everyphase of life and open to the reception of every new idea; a mindthat was to all intents and purposes absolutely devoid of rejudicebecause, untroubled by recedent or dogma, it went straig iTI to theheart of thin s.a system of t %

\he pu lit at lar e knows him as the e ounder ofought that to the mo ti Krn man is as clear as is mother

tongue, but thousands of individuals know him even better as the

beloved teacher whose very presence was an inspiration to his stu-dents, and as the man who, so far as human contact went, was every-bod

iis friend because he possessed the insight that pierced through all

mas s and saw the real man underneath. This instinct for humanitywas so strong that, after years of the kind of training and work thatalmost inevitably leads a man to regard his fellows from a remoteand impersonal point of view, as t pes that illustrate this or thattheor

zor principle of psychology, yhs distinguishing characteristic

was t at his real interest was always in men, not man.

ENDOWED by heredity with an open and adventurous spirit

and an insatiable interest in everythin that presented itself

to him, his early life and education oBered the best possiblesoil for the growth of those qualities which afterward made himfamous throughout the intellectual world. His father, the elderHenry James, was a profound and brilliant thinker, who carried outwith uncompromising thoroughness his theory of training his sonstoward the fullest development of individualrty and independence.As a consequence, William followed without restriction his own benttoward investigation in many directions. Entering the LawrenceScientific School in eighteen hundred and sixty-one, he received athorou

%h training in chemistry, and then took up the study of lants

and fis es under Agassiz, sharing the latters investigations in 5 outhAmerica. The study of medicine followed almost as a matter of

course. He took his degree of M.D. in eighteen hundred and seventy,but instead of practicing, he turned his energies to teaching, reznteringHarvard as an instructor in comparative anatomy and physiology.It is characteristic of the man that even at this time, when the naturalenthusiasm of youth might very easily have led him to concentrate

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of the boy toward speculation and inquiry in the realm of the super-

Physical. The study of physioloor a clear understanding of ps

E%

y was for him merely the foundationc

into the wider field of philosoology, and hi subsequent entrance

so natural that it was mevita l!y was, in the course of a development

le.He began by interpreting the psychological theories of Spencer,

but of course ended by workmg out new ones of his own.chair of

A separate

dred an Bsychology was created for him at Harvard in ei hteen hun-eighty-nme, and a year later he published the Book which

almost immediately made him famous throu hout the scientificworld,-his Principles of Ps chology, which ha

4% been in the makin

for more than nine years. he book gave a complete exposition o 9what is now known as the Lange-James theory of psychology; atheory which has ained ground steadily ever since the publicationof this epochal wor %, and which now lies at the foundation of all ourmodern conceptions of psychology. In a nutshell, it teaches thatour feelings are the result rather than the cause of our instinctive

reactions against impressions from without; in fact, that bodily con-ditions exercise a determining influence over all moods. As Pro-fessor James expounded it, it was a theory of the soul which followedwith absolute truthfulness the deductions that had resulted fromclose study of the souls physical expression,-the body. More thanthat, it was a theory set forth in language sufficiently clear and sim leto be understood by the common man. It has been a favorite Puragainst William James to accuse him of writing psychology likefiction for the sake of drawing the contrast between him and hisbrother Henry, who wrote fictron like psychology, but the cheasmartness of the epigram may be forgiven because it stated the trut rlin that it expressed the human quality in his philosophy, the quality

that made it at once the philosophy of the people.what he had to say in a forest of involved ex Instead of tanglini

ressions and technica sterminology, he stated it as simply as possihis meaning clear by the frank use of co110

le, frequently making

when slang expressed what he meant. IIuialisms and even slang,-is keen sense of humor

always stopped him on the brink of any temptation to follow an argu-ment into regions where logic takes the place of life, for at such

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moments, to use his own words: I hear that inward monitor, of whichW. R. Clifford once wrote, whispering the word (bosh.

T E natural tendency of Professor James psycho10 ical researcheswas to lead him steadily tow-ard the realm of p l ilosophy. Athis own request he was transferred to the charr of philoso hyat Harvard in eighteen hundred and ninety-seven, when he publis %et1the first definite announcement of his conception of Pragmatism inThe Will to Believe and Other Essays. After that the greaterpart of his time was given to the defense and the clarifying of thisphiloso hical method, which appealed peculiarly to him because itinsiste dp on the correlation of all philosophy to the conditions andcircumstances of real life. He made no claim to the discovery ofPragmatism, which has appeared in one form or another in numerousphilosophical systems throughout the ages, havinence over the theories of Kant, and was

had special influ-intro fiuced into modern

philosophical thought in eighteen hundred and seventy-eight, whenCharles Peirce wrote an article for the Popular Science M onth ly ofthat year,-entitled How to Make Our Ideas Clear. IIis argumentwas that beliefs are really rules for action; that to develop the meaningof a thought we need only determine what conduct it is fit to produce,because conduct is for us its sole significance. Partly because of itsvery simplicity and naturalness, Peuces theory remained unnoticeduntil Professor James brought it forward twenty years later in a lecturedelivered before the students of Stanford University in California.The choice of place and audience was wise, because the men of theWest are notably open-minded and welcome everything new that canshow a good reason for being. They grasped at once at the idea that thewhole function of philosophy ought to be the finding out of the differ-ence it would make to the individual at definite instants of life if thisor that world-formula were accepted as the true one. Being nothingmore than the avowed application of empiricism to philosophy, thepragmatic method of thought was specially calculated to appeal tothe plain common sense of the typical American, who is himself apragmatist in all the affairs of life, in that he is prone to turn awayfrom all abstractions toward facts, action and power.

Nevertheless, considerable misunderstandinaroused by the publication of Pragmatism: A

and opposition wereYY ew Name for Some

Old Ways of Thinking, because in this book Professor James tookthe bold stand that he recognized as truth only those things whichhave meaniug and importance in mans life, and also his belief thatby the exercrse of selective power man is able to influence the realitieswhich he encounters; that he helps to make truth and to reconstruct

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the world itself in so far as it touches him; above all, that man is not

a helpless victim of fate that is made by a power wholly outside ofhimself. One reason that Pragmatism appealed so strongly to Wil-liam James was because he realized, as he said, that it unstiffensall our theories, limbers them up and sets everyone at work. Some-times he shocked people by the bluntness with which he expressedthis idea, as when he wrote: The prince of darkness may be a entle-man, as we are told he is, but whatever the God of earth and If eavenis, He can surely be no gentleman. His menial services are neededin the dust of our human trials, even more than His dignity is neededin the empyrean.

From this it was an easy transition to the pluralistic theory of theuniverse which has excited so much comment and opposition in late

years. Professor James made no empty assertion m claiming thathis was theit as beneath K

hilosophy of open-mindedness, for he did not regardis dignity to investigate anythin

even a tiny ray of light upon the subject. 4that promised to throw

he unusual always hadfor him a compelling interest, and the people who re

farded

tions in psychical research and his attitude towarhis explora-

Christian Scienceas evidence of failing mental powers, simply had no understandingof the man as he was. He investigated everything; allowed everythina hearing and a fair trial, but accepted nothing that could not stan 8the test of hard common sense. He was as honest in confessing afailure as he was in asserting a truth or claiming a merit, but the hard-est thing on earth for most people to understand is a man so honest

that he is not afraid even of a thing that may for a time make himas

pear ridiculous. The full storm of opposition broke when Professorames retired officially from the chair of

about twelve years ago, in order to devote his w rlhilosophy of Harvardole

the completion of the works which he had planned.time and energy toThese works were

not all completed, nor would they have been had he lived to the centurymark, but enough was done to open to the eyes of the ordinary manthe conception of a new heaven and a new earth that may be com-prehended in its fulness by anyone who will take the trouble to tryhonestly to understand the meaning of the common things of life.

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THE SUNNY YEARS: ILLUSTRATED BY ADAMEMORY ALBRIGHTS PAINTINGS OF CHILD-HOOD: BY GARDNER TEALL

Oh, would I were a boy again, when li fe seemed formed of sunny years,And all the heart then knew of pain was wept away in transient tearsl

LORENCE NIGHTINGALE once said that nonobler task awaited the great artist than delineatinchildhood, and that there was no surer way of we B -ding the genius of the brush to the best in life than byproducing beautiful conceptions of true child-por-traiture in relation to the joyous pastimes, the inno-cent seriousnesses, the beliefs, the sweet trust, the

little cares and tasks that should follow every child through each dayin his lifes beginning.

The stern saints and the sweet-faced madonnas of the Old Mastersawaken our wonder, but, above everything else, these masters haveendeared themselves to us through their painting of the Child.

When one stops to think of it there is so much that is wonderfuland so much that is beautiful in everyday life; only it is not alwaysthat one realizes it. That, perhaps, is because it is difficult to appre-ciate the sunshines peeever too common fear t I

ing through the clouds when one holds theat the sunshine is fleeting, that the clouds

will come again, as experience has been unkind enough to teach theyoften will.

But a little while, and all that changes; what is a century toeternity ? We are collecting yesterdays simple ossessions and hold

them to be precious today. And we look upon t I: e pictures that werepainted in faraway yesterdays to exclaim, How lovely, quaint andcharming! Now in the endless time of those yesterdays thesethings were no less beautiful than they are in this very today-onlythe Old Masters grasped the spirit of the beauty of things as theyare, a spirit which this all too hurrying era in which we live fails,much of the time, to realize is something that can intensify happinessand dignify right living.

There is no greater achievement for a modern artist than that ofportraying the life of today successfully. Of the incidents of todaysexistence the simplest ones, like the fundamental thin

Bs of truth,

make the strongest ap eal

fi

to the healthy appreciation. t is so with

Millets Angelus, w ich everyone knows and loves, a picture thattouches the sympathetic chords of all sensibilities, from prince topeasant. Millet did not have to dig into dusty histories for his sub-jects, nor did he have to depend upon the unusual for his inspiration.Instead, he painted the homely scenes in the life he found surround-

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NAThAL HISTORY: ADAMEMORY ALBRIGHT, PAINTER



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c

PLAYI NG QUOlTS : ADAM

EMORY ALBRIGHT, PAINTRR.

MIDWAY: ADAM EMORYALURICHT, PAINTER.



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?CTaE NCHANTEU HOUP: ADAMEMORY ALBRIGHT, PAINTER



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A SOUTH WIND; ADAMEMORY ALBRIGHT, PAINTER

LOG CABIN STUDIO OF ADAMEMORY ALBRICHT, WISON

PARK. ILL



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THE SUNNY YEARS

ing him, and interpreted his environment in a manner that will for-

ever awaken a sure response to his genius.

T E work of a new American painter, Adam Emory Albright,possesses a note of this absolute sort of sincerity that makes itwidely understandable, regardless of the ossession of a knowl-edge of the subtle mysteries of art technique. 4 he phase of Americanlife that Mr. Albright has successfully presented has been almostneglected in times past by most of our artists. At least, with theexception of some of the well-known paintings of the late master,Wilham Morris Hunt, I do not know of any other American whoseinspiration has recorded in so straightforward, unaffected and beau-tiful a manner, life in the sunny years, as Mark Lemon has calledchildhood days.Emory Albrights sym athy for the American boy (the father ofboys, as he is himself, an cr a friend of boys) has taken away from usthe re roach of having missed this note of youth in our art. Therenever R as been anything more truly and vitally national and charac-teristic of our American life than this artists paintings of boyhoodssunny years.

Here the artist has not racked his brain in a search for intricatesubjects, he has not gone about his task of painting like an archaeolo-

fist who digs up the past to entertain the present, nor has he soughtor dramatic situations or atmospheric conditions that might puzzle

a weather bureau. What he has done, and marvelously well at that,is to show us the real germ of American brawn in all of its juvenile,honest directness-fishing, berry-

1:icking, kite-flying, rom

bles, bringing in wood, raking t e lawn, chasing bumb ebees; ining, mar-

fact, every pastime and occupation dear to the heart of a real boy.And thus, too, heevery real girl. ii

aints girlhood, and the things dear to the heart ofis work almost seems to stand as a reproach to

that of those many,painters of posed inaction with their interminableBoy with a Slate and Girl with a Doll ictures.

A dozen years ago Emory Albright banishe B brocades and ormolu,armor and arabesque from his studio in a Chicago skyscraper, and,dispensing with material glories, took an abode in a charming coun-try place far from the turmoil of town, there seeking inspiration inthe simple life of the real people about him. The astimes and pur-suits of his own children caught his eye as wort riy themes for hisbrush, and watching the dear kiddies as they romped through thesunshine of their blessed years, he painted the pictures which havesince brought him renown.

His love of country life you feel throughout his work. You know

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THANKSGIVING DAY, NINETEEN HUNDRED AND TEN

it is the work of an American, done for the joy of Americans, as wellas for the rest of the world, for his fame has traveled abroad. We

know that the American bo is distinct from the boy of any othernation, and because Emory A: bright has realized this and has cau htthe American boys distinction, transferring it with consummate s a illto his canvases, we can believe that a new American painter hasrisen among us, a

1ainter who has opened our eyes to the possibili-

ties of the further evelopment of our own art.

FOR THANKSGIVING DAY, NINETEEN HUNDRED AND TEN

IWE would give thanks, let us give thanks. most heartily

Because the seeds of sanity are planted deep in the heart of thenation,Because they will grow, if we nourish them, and blossom into health

for the people,Because they will bear

present insanity.a rich ultimate fruitage that will shame the

And let us give thanks because there are a few among us growing upin rugged idealism that fears neither drought nor mildew anddefies vermin,

A few who stretch their beauty Heavenward, unhampered. by the lustof sale,

A few, who, ivin their best, are willing to be counted meager andunprofita le,6 for loves sake.

And let us give thanks because there are many of us who need buta little more courage to push through the soil of every day, upto our fulfilment,

And many, who, havinf

reached the light, would share all that theyhave of beauty an fragrance,

And many who give their friendship and the fruits of life gladly,without hope of return.

And because for all of us there is the sunshine of human betterment

which we may reach if we seek it with every fiber of our being,And finally, because those of us who live today are preparing a greatharvest, altruistic and assured for tomorrow,

Let us give thanks.MARGUERITE OGDEN Bxan~ow.

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WHAT IS BEING ACCOMPLISHED IN CIVICIMPROVEMENT HERE AND ABROAD: BYFRANK CHOUTEAU BROWN: NUMBER ONE

IVIC improvement in America is at present in theindeterminate state that, in any ood farming com-munity, would be easily recognize under the descrip-tion of between hay and grass! Magazines havepublished ud Zib i tum schemes of projected improve-ments for every important city,-one is tempted tosay for almost every community, in the United States.

A resume of the situation,K

ublished in the January ArchitecturalReview, was undertaken wit the idea of finding out exactly whathad been accomplished up to the first of the year, and this indicateda lamentable failure in achievement, even in communities where theschemes were most commendable and furthest advanced in detail.Of course, improvements of great scope and magnitude have to beconceived before they can be realized; but, even making all possibleallowances, it would seem that if the American business man weregifted with the acumen and keenness of perce tion with which he ispopularly supposed to be endowed, he woul have realized beforepthis his o portunities for actually bettering civic life and civic condi-tions. HPs self-conceit has blinded him to the fact that while he iscontentedly atting himself on the back for what he thinks he hasaccomplishe ,; and turning up his nose at various European com-munities, these have progressed years beyond his remotest conceptionof modern improvements. The butcher-shop of France, the de-partment store of Berlin, the dockage facilities of Hamburg, theworkingmans dwelling of Port Sunlight or Munich, are all as farahead of our boasted American achievements as American civiliza-tion is an advance on that of the Indian aborigine. While Chicagorevels in dirt, filth and smell in her stock-yards, the abattoirs of Parisare as sanitary, cleanly and inoffensive as the flower markets of thatcity; and while Americans are still talking about such old-fashionedideals of civic betterment as the civic center, the communitiesof Europe have come to appreciate how small a part of the wholecivic plan the civic center really is, and have gone ahead to realizebetter conditions for housing their poorer classes, to develop hithertounimproved sections of the city, to improve sanitary conditions, and tolook out for the pleasure and health of the inhabitants by means ofamusement arks and playgrounds; doing it all in a way to make the

Erogressive merican citizen sit up and take notice,-if once he coulde brought face to face with what these older cities and towns have

actually accomplished despite the conditions inherent in old cities.

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CIVIC IMPROVEMENT HERE AND ABROAD

Our own deficiencies once fully realized, the immediate practicalquestion is : How are all these great improvements to be effected?The answer is simple. It can be done by means of laws that makepossible the institution and completion of necessary improvementswithout imposing a prohibitive cost on the cities as municipalities,or the citizens as individuals.impossible to

Unfortunately, so far it has been

sim licity 2et such laws accepted in America, despite their obvious

Pan their successful operation abroad.

n Europe betterments are carried out in this way. Instead ofcondemning property over which a new street will pass, and payinga large excess valuation for the area actually used for this pur ose,-a valuation based on what the adjoininthe improvement is completed,-the 8

property will be wort E whenovernment is empowered to

take not only the land that is necessary for the projected improve-ment, but also the land adjoining it on each side,-including theentire areas of estates of which any parts are touched by the newenterprise. This land is taken at its valuation before the improve-ment is started. The improvements are made; the unused land abut-ting upon the street area is then divided into parcels of the sizes appro-priate to the business or other purposes for which that street is tobe used; and is sold with a clear title by the city ut the i ncreased valu a-ti on m ad e possibl e by th e i m pr ovem ent i tsetf. Again and again thesales of these improved properties have more than offset the entiredamages and costs of makin the improvement. This is true evenof the recently completed 6 ueens Highway, a wide and statelyavenue built through the most thickly settled and valuable portionof London, where the cost amounted to millions of dollars; yet theventure actually netted a profit to the municipality. This is so advan-tageous and businesslike a system of carrying out civic improvementsso as to benefit the entire city, and not merely those persons whoseproperty is improved against their will (and then only after payingthem, individually, large damages for increasing its value), that itseems a sad commentary upon our American business sense that itwas not adopted years ago in this country. Instead, we are stillresisting with might and main the very material savings and benefitsmade possible by its application to our own problems.

It is safe to say that noin our American cities until t

reat improvement will be undertakenis-r some similar-law has become

a matter of custom. Under such a system, not only could danger-ously unsanitary conditions be summarily improved, but larger enter-

Erises, such as the building of those maoulevards that appeal so strongly to ?I

nificent highways and parkt e ordinary citizens imagi-

nation, might be carried out both economically and effectively.

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CIVIC IMPROVEMENT HERE AND ABROAD

With regard to the

entirely diflerent and rat Tl

roblem of fire protection and city housing,

er more complex conditions exist. Withoutexception, our American laws ignore existing conditions,-no matterhow bad they may be, or how pressing the needs of the community.The new laws that are passed from time to time apply only to futurebuildings or to future conditions, leaving existing structures to remainin exactly the state into which they may have fallen after one hundredor two hundred years, to be occupied by more and more closelypacked hordes of foreigners, under conditions that absolutely pre-clude any possibility of a healthful and sanitary existence. Indeed,the laws enacted to improve conditions (when they apply only to newbuildings) actually put a premium on and increase the value of theseolder structures; inasmuch as no property owner can improve his

property to conform with these new laws, without raising his rentalvalues so far that they will perhaps be double or treble the rent neces-sary to make a far higher profit for the old, unsanitary, totteringbuildings next door to the newly-built structure. The result isimmediate and obvious. The property owner does not improvehis property to conform to the new laws,-but patches and repairshis old buildings because he makes more money by doing so.

Abroad, improvements are based upon the necessity for makingthe old buildings, as well as the new, conform to such requirementsas are necessary to the health of the inhabitants. This principlealone makes possible the new sanitary, and also attractive, groupsof tenement buildings in districts where it is necessary to house a

certain number of the citys workin population.care is taken always to provide su f! In planning these,clent ground space for an ampleallowance of liaht, air and sun throughout the whole building, andalso for a go0 $-sized yard or playground. And, aside from theseutilitarian considerations, much attention is given to the outer aspectof the building, for it must bear its individual part in the generallyattractive appearance of the city and its streets. ,411 these advantagesare obtainable at a reasonable rental, quite within the means of theclass that inhabits these tenements, and the result is that the prideof the individual in the appearance of his city, of his own dwelling,of his very person, is cultivated and strengthened to the point ofappreciably better citizenship.

Among new ideas of modern civic development is the somewhatrevolutionary one that the city government should determine in ad-vance tho

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The Craftsman - 1910 - 11 - November