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The challenge of global environmental monitoring
Gilberto Câmara, Director General National Institute for Space Research (INPE)Brazil
China Brasil High Level Dialogue ST, 2011
We need cooperation at a global level…
By the year 2050...9 billion people: 6 billion tons
of GHG and 60 million tons of urban pollutants.
Resource-hungry: We will withdraw 30% of available fresh water.
Risky living: 80% urban areas, 25% near earthquake faults, 2% in coast lines less than 1 m above sea level.
source: Guy Brasseur
The food challenge
-
20
40
60
1961
1964
1967
1970
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
Meat
co
nsu
mp
tio
n [
kg
/cap
/yr]
Developing countries
China
World
Changes in dietary patterns: Meat consumption
FAOSTAT 2007
The food challenge: technology gaps
Productivity and prices: the challenge
source: The Economist
Forests and food production: potential conflicts
Best environmental monitoring
46% of energy is renewable
Brazil: a natural knowledge economyBest technology in biofuels
World leader in tropical agriculture
Nature, 29 July 2010
Agriculture
Energy
Ecosystems
Climate change
Weather and natural disasters
Space technology adds value to Brazil´s natural knowledge economy
Megacities
Monitoring Deforestation in Amazonia CBERS image
Science (27 April 2007): “Brazil´s monitoring system is the envy of the world”.
DeforestationDegradation
Governance + markets + technology >> REDD+
Reducing deforestation in Amazonia
Sugarcane crop mapping
Detailed estimates of sugarcane crop areas
14
Are biofuels replacing food production in Brazil?
source: INPE
Sugarcane expansion
24% 26%30%
37% 41% 38%
26%
12%1% 1%
3% 3%3%
3%
7%17%
48%85%
98% 98%
1% 1%1%
1%
1%
1%
71% 70%65%
59%51%
44%
26%
3%1%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Área Agrícola Cana-de-açúcar Citrus Pastagem Vegetação Arbórea
Data is coming... are we ready?
Sentinel-2A
2012
Amazônia-1
2013
2014
2015
2011
Landsat-8
CBERS-3
ResourceSat-2 ResourceSat-3
Sentinel-2B
CBERS-4
CBERS as a global satellite
CBERS ground stations will cover most of the Earth’s land mass between 300N and 300S
Cuiabá
Boa Vista
ChetumalMaspalomas Aswa
n
Jo´burg
MalindiGabon
UrumchiMiyun
Ghuangzhou
Darwin
Alice Springs
Bangcoc
The future of CBERS
CBERS satellites will provide information about global land change on the tropics