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Michael Pennington Jefferson Lab. ECT*, Trento September 2014. Strong Coupling Q C D. d. u. u. Michael Pennington Jefferson Lab. ECT*, Trento September 2014. Strong Coupling Q C D. Fritzsch. Gell-Mann. q ( i D - m ) q. =. q. Leutwyler. QCD. q=u,d,s, c,b,t. 1. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Strong Coupling QCDStrong Coupling QCD
ECT*, TrentoSeptember 2014
ECT*, TrentoSeptember 2014
Michael PenningtonJefferson Lab
Michael PenningtonJefferson Lab
Strong Coupling QCDStrong Coupling QCD
ECT*, TrentoSeptember 2014
ECT*, TrentoSeptember 2014
Michael PenningtonJefferson Lab
Michael PenningtonJefferson Lab
u
u
d
QCD
FritzschFritzsch
Gell-MannGell-Mann
LeutwylerLeutwyler
q ( i D - m ) q
- F F
q
14
=QCD q=u,d,s,
c,b,t
QCD
pQCD
confinementasymptotic freedom
strong QCDstrong QCD
0
1
0 10-15
r (m)
strong coupling
strong couplingstrong couplingpQCDpQCD
Strong physics problems
d
u
u
s
u_
strong couplingstrong couplingpQCDpQCD
Strong physics problems
strong couplingstrong couplingpQCDpQCD
Strong physics problems
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
-1-1-
-1 -1
-
mass function
wavefunctionrenormalisation
Fermion propagator
-1 -1
-
Gauge variant quantities: only physical quantities are gauge independent
mass function
wavefunctionrenormalisation
Fermion propagator
QCD
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
M
V
Bound State Equations
QCD
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
M
V
Bound State Equations
dressed quark propagator
QCD
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
M
V
Bound State Equations
dressed quark propagator
qq scattering kernel
QCD
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
P
V
f , m
Bound State Equations
SDE/BSE – ANL/KSU
pion/vectormesons
Pq q
q q= +5 - -
qqV = +
--
MV (GeV)
MP (GeV2)2
v
p2 GeV2
effective interaction strength
Maris & Tandy
10-3 103
p2 GeV2
Qin, Chang, Liu, Roberts, Wilson
effective interaction strength
10-3 103
q
q q
q q
electromagnetic formfactors
Can Maris-Tandy (or Qin et al. ) modelling
be deduced from the SDE/DSEs?
q
q
Maris-Tandy model
V
q
q
q ( i D - m ) q - F F q=QCD q=u,d,s,
c,b,t
14
q
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
2 equations
2 equations
12 equations
QEDQEDSchwinger-Dyson Equations
q
k p
pk k p=
-1 -1q
Ball & Chiu
Ward – Green –Takahashi Gauge Invariance
pk k p=
-1 -1q
Ball & Chiu
Ward – Green –Takahashi Gauge Invariance
q
k p
pk k p=
-1 -1q
Ward – Green –Takahashi Gauge Invariance
q
k p
1,2,..,8
q 0
-1 -1
-
mass function
wavefunctionrenormalisation
Fermion propagator
how to regularize: d4k dnk
QEDQEDSchwinger-Dyson Equations
k2, q2 >> p2
k2, p2 >> q2
Gauge Invariance & Multiplicative Renormalizibility
Kizilersu & P
Unquenched Massless renormalised at: =0.2, : varying Kizilersu et al
Unquenched Massless renormalised at: =0.2, : varying Kizilersu et al
. . . .
Consistent truncation
Gauge Invariance &Multiplicative Renormalizibility
QED
(i) remove divergences (eg. quadratic div.)(ii) ensure correct gauge dependence (eg. transversality of boson)
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Consistent Solutions ofConsistent Solutions of QCD
q ( i D - m ) q q=QCD q=u,d,s,
c,b,t
- F F 14
axial gauges
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
QCD
(q) orthogonal to q
and n - the axial vector
Baker, Ball & Zachariasen
axial gauges BBZ
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
QCD
(q) orthogonal to q
and n - the axial vector
Slavnov-Taylor Identity
Richardson Potential
b
b_
heavy quark potential spectrum
bb
0.1 nm
positronium
V(r)
r
V(r)
r
g
g
e+
e-
1 fm
bottomonium
b
b_
b
b
1 fm
bottomonium
b
b_
b
b
gluon propagatorinterquark potential
rp ~ 1
r >> 1, p << 1
Coulomb : OBE
r << 1, p >> 1
rp ~ 1
r >> 1, p << 1
Coulomb : OBE
r << 1, p >> 1
Richardson Potential
interquark potential
axial gauges
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
QCD
(q) orthogonal to q
and n - the axial vector
G1(q2, n.q), G2(q2, n.q)
axial gauges
QCD
(q) orthogonal to q
and n - the axial vector
G1(q2, n.q), G2(q2, n.q)
Baker, Ball & Zachariasen
G2(q2, n.q) = 0G1(q2, n.q) ~ 1/q2
ie ~ 1/q4
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
axial gauges
QCD
(q) orthogonal to q
and n - the axial vector
Baker, Ball & Zachariasen
West showed axial gauge could NOT be more singular than 1/q2
G1(q2, n.q), G2(q2, n.q)
G2(q2, n.q) = 0G1(q2, n.q) ~ 1/q2
ie ~ 1/q4
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
(q)
covariant gauges
QCD
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
(q)
covariant gauges
(q) = T + qq
q2q2
Gl (q)
T (q) = gqq
q2-
D (q) = q2
Gh(q) QCD
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
first just gluons Pagels, Mandelstam, Bar-Gadda
Gl (q)
Studies in covariant gauges
first just gluons Pagels, Mandelstam, Bar-Gadda
Gl (q)
STIGl
~ 1/q4 possible
Studies in covariant gauges
(q)
covariant gauges
(q) = T + qq
q2q2
Gl (q)
T (q) = gqq
q2-
D (q) = q2
Gh(q)
=g
i
Slavnov-Taylor Identity
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
(q)
Landau gauge
(q) = T + qq
q2q2
Gl (q)
T (q) = gqq
q2-
D (q) = q2
Gh(q)
Slavnov-Taylor Identity
Brown & P (1988) Gh = 1
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Brown & P1988
Gl (q)
Studies in the Landau gauge
q2 (GeV2)
Gl
R(q
)
Brown & P1988
Gl (q)
Nf = 2
s = 0.25
q2 (GeV2)
Gl
R(q
)
Nf = 2
s = 0.25
q2 (GeV2)
Gl
R(q
)
Studies in the Landau gauge
Richardson Potential
b
b_
heavy quark potential spectrum
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
von Smekal, Alkofer et al: ghosts are essentialghosts are essential
Landau gauge studiesLandau gauge studies
(k) = Gl (k) T(k) / k2
Gl (k) Gl (q) V(k,q,p)
q
k
(q) = Gl (q) T(q) / q2
Landau gauge studiesLandau gauge studies
(k) = Gl (k) T(k) / k2
Gl (k) Gl (q) V(k,q,p)
q
k
(q) = Gl (q) T(q) / q2
Model 1: V ~ 1
Tübingen, Graz, DarmstadtTübingen, Graz, Darmstadt
Gluon
Ghost
20 2 0.02 0.2distance (fm)
FischerDeep Infrared
scaling solution
Ghost
Gluon A(p)
Gluon B(p)
p2
Ghost
Gluon A(p)
Gluon B(p)
p2
Ghost
Gluon A(p)
Gluon B(p)
p2
Ghost
Gluon A(p)
Gluon B(p)
p2 von Smekal, Lerche
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
loss of symmetry
engineering to maintain scaling solution: V ~ Gh/Gl
Lattice QCD
p/a (GeV)
a2 D
(p2 )
V = 1284
Lattice Results: Cucchieri, Mendes
gluon
ghost
Bogolubsky et al. 2009Bogolubsky et al. 2009
p2
p2
Oliveira & Silva
p2 GeV2
Papavassiliou, BinosiBoucaud et al
Rodriguez Quintero
“massive”Solution of Gluon & Ghost SDEs
Tübingen, Graz, DarmstadtTübingen, Graz, Darmstadt
Gluon
Ghost
20 2 0.02 0.2distance (fm)
FischerDeep Infrared
scaling solution
p2 GeV2
Papavassiliou, BinosiBoucaud et al
Rodriguez Quintero
Wilson & P
“massive”Solution of Gluon & Ghost SDEs
V(k,q,p)
Model 1: V ~ 1
Model 2: V ~ Gh/ Gl
p
k
q
Gl (k)
Gl (q)
p
k
q
= bare vertex
Wilson & P
p
k
q
= bare vertex
p
k
q
= bare vertex
m2 + p2 [ 1 + ln( )]11 Nc g2
12 4p2 + m2
2
13
22
p2=Gl (p2)
Aguilar, Binosi, Papavassiliou
Wilson & P
m2 ~ 0.1 GeV2
q
k
p
To reproduce lattice results: ghost-gluon vertex has to have important non-Taylor terms
Coupled ghost equation
= ig fabc ( k – q FIR(k,p,q))k.q
q2
FIR 0, when k 0
p2 GeV2
“massive”Solution of Gluon & Ghost SDEs
Running coupling
Taylor coupling
Aguilar coupling
(GeV2)
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Schwinger-Dyson Equations
Bloch
Meyers & Swanson
Adding quartic interactions
q ( i D - m ) q - F F q=QCD q=u,d,s,
c,b,t
14
QCDAdding quartic interactions
m02 AA
+
QCD ?Meyers & Swanson
ghost
sunset
squint
Consistent Solutions ofConsistent Solutions of QCD
q ( i D - m ) q q=QCD q=u,d,s,
c,b,t
- F F 14
Truncation respects: Gauge invariance Multiplicative Renormalizability
Can Maris-Tandy (or Qin et al. ) modelling
be deduced from the SDE/DSEs?
q
q
Maris-Tandy model
V
q
q
q ( i D - m ) q - F F q=QCD q=u,d,s,
c,b,t
14
q