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ASTONISHING REMAINS OF ANCIENT

CIVILIZATIONS

The erroneous concept of socio-cultural evolution was proposed at differenttimes by such ideologues as August Comte, Herbert Spencer and Lewis HenryMorganand later combined with Charles Darwins theorystating that all societiesevolve from the primitive towards complex civilization. This error, developed in thelate 19th century and whose influence increased in the period following World War I,supplied a supposedly scientific basis for racism, colonialism, and the ruthlessmovement of eugenics. Societies in different parts of the world with different cultures,skin colors and physical features were subjected to inhuman treatment inspired by thisunscientific preconception

Writers and thinkers likeAdam Ferguson, John Millar andAdam Smith suggested that allsocieties evolve through four basicstages: hunting and gathering,raising livestock, agriculture andfinally, commerce. According toevolutionists claims, primitivemen who had just diverged fromthe apes only hunted and collected

plants and fruits with the simplestof tools. As their intelligence andabilities gradually increased, they

began domesticating grazinganimals like sheep and cattle. Theirintelligence and abilities eventuallydeveloped to the point of being able

to engage in agriculture, and at last,to engage in trade and exchange of goods.

However, advances and recent discoveries in archaeology, anthropology, andother branches of science have invalidated this basic claim of the tale of cultural andsocial evolution. These are nothing more than materialists attempts to portray Man ashaving evolved from unreasoning beasts and to impose this mythin which they

believe for philosophical reasonson science.

That humans could survive by hunting or agriculture does not show that theywere either more backward or more advanced mentally. In other words, no societyengages in hunting because it is backward and mentally closer to apes. Engaging inagriculture does not mean that a society has distanced itself from being primitive. Nosocietys activities imply that its inhabitants are descended from other living things.Such activities do not produce, through any alleged evolutionary process, individualswho are more advanced in terms of intelligence and ability. Many of todaystechnologically backward tribes engage solely in hunting and agriculture, but thisdefinitely does not suggest that they are any less than human. The same will apply tohumans living tens of thousands of years in the future, just as it did to those livinghundreds of thousands of years ago. The latter were not primitive humans, nor willthose in the future be a more advanced species.

Constructing an evolutionary history of civilization based on societieslifestyles is an unscientific approach. This perspective rests on interpreting variousarchaeological excavations according to scientists materialist prejudices that assumethat those humans who used stone tools were ape-men who grunted, stooped over withtheir knees bent, and exhibited animal-like behavior. Yet no remains discovered

provide any clue regarding these peoples mental capacities. This is all mereconjecture. As already stated, if various examples of todays art are discovered in

100,000 years time and if the people of the future lack any further information, thenthey will likely produce very different interpretations of todays humanity and thetechnology we possess.

The Harvard university evolutionist anthropologist William Howells admits thatthe theory of evolution raises other questions, not about the body but about behaviorthat are to do with philosophy, determining the scientific facts about which is far moredifficult. Howells points out that behavior is not fossilized in the sense that a skullmay be and that it does not survive like stone tools. Therefore, he says, we have onlyvery slight clues as to what might have happened in the ancient past. He also notes thatit is just about impossible for such hypotheses to be tested. 28

Recently, indeed, the majority of social scientists have admitted the errors in theevolutionist view, stating that the social-evolution theory conflicts with science on thefollowing points:

1. It is closely linked to ethnic discrimination, making biasedinterpretations of different societiesfor example, on the assumption thatWestern societies are more civilized.

2. It suggests that all societies progress along the same path, using the samemethods, and share the same objectives.

3. It equates a societys worth with materialistic gain and materialisticvalues.

4. It is largely incompatible with findings. Many communities living under

primitive conditions possess more civilized spiritual values than variouscommunities regarded as modern in other words they are peace-loving andfavor equality. Because of their diets, many are also healthier and stronger.

As these points clearly show, the conception that societies progress from theprimitive to the evolved is incompatible with the scientific facts. This theory is basedon interpretations distorted under the influence of materialist ideology. The remainsand artifacts that past civilizations left behind reveal the errors in the evolution ofhistory and culture deception.

Traces of the Past Refute Evolution

Findings from past civilizations invalidate the theory of progress from the primitive to the civilized. When we examine the course of history, the truth thatemerges is that humans have always enjoyed the same intelligence and creativity. Theworks produced by people hundreds of thousands of years ago, and the traces theyveleft behind, actually have very different meanings than what evolutionists claim. Whenwe look at these same traces we see that people in all past ages, with their intelligenceand capacities, have made new discoveries met their needs and constructedcivilizations. Such factors as natural resources and climate have played an importantrole, but human beings have always formed civilizations, and handed on theirknowledge and experience to subsequent generations. When findings from past agesare examined without prejudice, the very accurate history of mankind can be clearly

understood.

As already stated, backwardand advanced civilizations haveexisted together at all periods in history,ust as they do today. In our day, we

enjoy space technology, while people inother parts of the globe are living under

primitive conditions, so in the pastAncient Egypt had a gloriouscivilization on the one hand, while rathermore backward societies existed in parts

of Africa. The Mayans, who built highlydeveloped cities, and who from thetraces they left behind can be seen tohave possessed a clearly advancedtechnology, calculated the orbit of the

planet Venus and discovered the moonsof the Planet Jupiter. At the same time,

people in many regions of Europebelieved that the Earth was the center ofthe Solar System. While the Egyptianswere successfully performing brainsurgery, in other regions, people

believed that disease was caused by supposed evil spirits.

With their legal system, literature, understanding of art and astronomicalknowledge, the Sumerians built a deep-rooted civilization in Mesopotamia, whileanother corner of the world held societies that were still illiterate. Therefore, in thesame way that todays civilizations are not all advanced, so in the past there was nevera time when the only societies were backward onescontrary to what evolutionistsclaim.

So far, we have examined evidence belonging to different periods of history andreviewed at examples of the cultures of tens or hundreds of thousands years ago.Looking at more recent history, again we encounter evidence that human beings have

always been human: With their cultures, science and technology, great civilizationsshow the peaks reached by the human mind thousands of years ago. The magnificentcivilization of Egypt, established early in the third millennium BCE, is one example.Here we are dealing not with primitive people who have only recently parted wayswith apes, but civilized human beings who can be seen to have inherited yet anothercivilization that had persisted for thousands of years before them. The same applies tothe Sumerians, Mayans, Incas and Aztecs, who all lived at roughly around the sametime.

As technology advanced in the 20th century, archeological research acceleratedenormously, and began to unearth more and more evidence regarding the true historyof mankind. Thus it emerged that life in Egypt and other civilizations thousands of

years ago was in many ways parallel to how we live today. In particular, archaeologistshave determined major advances made by the Ancient Egyptians, Sumerians andMayans in the fields of medicine, industry and art.

28 William Howells, Getting Here: The Story of Human Evolution, Compass Press, Washington, D.C., 1993, p. 229.

Today, in addition to highly advanced civilizationsthere are also rather more backward ones.

However, the fact that some societies have moreadvanced technological means than others does

not show that these are more mentally orphysically developed than others.

The fact that people survivethrough hunting oragriculture does not showthat they are any moreadvanced or backward interms of mental abilities. Inother words, a society thatsurvives through huntingdoes not do so because it iscloser to apes. Nor does thefact that a society engagesin agriculture mean that ithas moved a long way onfrom apes.

No such primitive creaturesof the kind shown in this

drawing ever existed. Thisand similar images are thework of the imaginations ofDarwinist scientists. Theyare of no scientific value.