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Steve LaCroix MS, CBSP
State of Washington
Department of Health
Public Health Laboratories
206-418-5437
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Rely on past experiences
Systematic
Applicable across work activities
Develop strategy
Gather resources & utilize expertise
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-Biohazards -Kneeling
-Bright light -Lifting
-Chemicals -Low overhead objects
-Dust -Noise
-Falling objects -Radiation
-Falls -Repetitive motion
-Flying particles -Sharp objects
-Hot environments -Shipping
-Hot or cold objects -Splashes
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Lik
elih
oo
d o
f ad
vers
e e
ffect
Consequences of adverse effect
Very high
High
Medium
Low
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Hazard = A property of a substance, activity
or situation that has the potential to cause
harm.
Risk = The probability that the harm linked to
a hazard will actually occur, taking into
account also the severity of that harm.
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Risk Assessment Matrix
Hazard Consequence
Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Critical
Hazard
Lik
elihood
Highly Likely Medium Medium High Extreme Extreme
Likely Low Medium High High Extreme
Possible Low Medium High High High
Unlikely Low Low Medium Medium High
Rare Low Low Low Medium Medium
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Description of Risk Level Actions
Low
If an incident were to occur, there
would be little likelihood that an
injury would result
Undertake the activity with the
existing controls in place
Moderate
If an incident were to occur, there
would be some chance that an
injury requiring First Aid would
result
Additional controls are advised
High
If an incident were to occur, it
would be likely that an injury
requiring medical treatment would
result
Controls will need to be in place
before activity is undertaken
Extreme
If an incident were to occur, it
would be likely that a permanent,
debilitating injury or death would
result
Consider alternatives to doing
the activity. Significant control
measures will need to be
implemented to ensure safety
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Acceptability of Risk
Risk
Score
Risk
Level
Acceptability
of RiskRecommended Actions
<3Low
RiskAcceptable
No additional risk control measures required. To continue to monitor to ensure
risk do not escalate to higher level.
3 – 4Medium
Risk
Moderately
Acceptable
Acceptable to carry out the work activity; however, task need to be reviewed to
bring risk level to As Low As Reasonably Practicable.
Interim control measures such as administrative controls can be implemented.
Supervisory oversight required.
>4 High
RiskNot Acceptable
Job must not be carried out until risk level is brought to at least medium risk
level.
Risk controls should not be overly dependant on personal protective equipment.
Controls measures should focus on Elimination, substitution and engineering
controls.
Immediate Management intervention required to ensure risk being brought down
to at least medium level before work can be commenced.
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Risk matrix to determine Risk Level
Likelihood
Severity
Remote (1) Occasional (2) Frequent (3)
Minor (1) 1 2 3
Moderate (2) 2 4 6
Major (3) 3 6 9
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Hazard Risk
Careless handling of
SHARPS (needles, etc.)
Needle stick (physical)
infection from exposure
Pouring hazardous
chemicals
Chemical splashing, possible
burn and /or chemical
exposure
Overloading electrical
circuits
Damaging equipment,
starting fire (physical),
electrocution
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You are in the zoo, observing a caged adult tiger, which is well fed and has a mild temperament.
For the following scenarios, draw a STAR where the risk would fall on the graph.
You are in an open field next to a very hungry, aggressive adult tiger. The tiger is unrestrained and sees you as food.
You are holding a tiger cub with a playful temperament in your arms.
Gaudioso & Salerno
Consequence
Lik
elih
oo
d
Lik
elih
oo
d
Consequence Consequence
Lik
elih
oo
d
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What is the hazard?
What is the likelihood of exposure?
What are the
consequences of exposure?
RISK
Lik
elih
oo
d
Consequences
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The evaluation of risk is highly related to the “Risk acceptance”.
Risk evaluation and acceptance can vary with culture, experience, resources, management, and even current events.
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CEN CWA 15793
