Ribosomes

-cell structure that makes protein. -Protein is used for repairing damage or directing chemical processes. -Ribosomes can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Lysosome

You will find organelles called lysosomes in nearly every animal-like eukaryotic cell.

Lysosomes hold enzymes that were created by the cell. The purpose of the lysosome is to

digest things. They might be used to digest food or break down the cell when it dies.

Mitochondria• Mitochondria are used to produce the energy

currency of the cell, ATP, through respiration, and to regulate cellular metabolism. They are small organelles floating free throughout the cell.

• Mitochondria are located in the cytoplasm of cells along with other organelles of the cell.

• They are made of two membranes. The outer membrane covers the organelle and contains it like a skin. The inner membrane folds over many times and creates layered structures called cristae. The fluid contained in the mitochondria is called the matrix.

Vila Chu 4th period

LysosomeLocation

• Scattered in the cytoplasm within the cell membrane

Function• Serves to kill and digest bacteria

with in the cell.

ChromatinWHAT IS IT?• Chromatin is made of DNA, RNA, and nuclear proteins.

WHAT’S THE FUNCTION?• The function of chromatin is to condense the DNA down so that it will fit inside the

nucleus. It protects the DNA structure and the sequence and also helps transcribe the RNA.

WHERE IS IT LOCATED?• The Chromatin is located in the nucleus of the cell.

RibosomesFunction:Ribosome

s build Protein for the

cell

Structure:For every ribosome, there are 2 parts called subunits. In this subunit there is a 60-S (large) and a 40-S (small).Location:

Ribosomes are found either on the cytosol, or on the endoplasmic reticulum.

Angelique Estrada4th pd

Cytoplasm• Cytoplasm is the fluid substance that fills the space

between the cell membrane and the cellular organelles.• The cytoplasm consists of all of the contents outside of

the nucleus and enclosed within the cell membrane of a cell. This includes the cytosol and in eukaryotic cells, organelles such as mitochondria and ribosomes.

• The cytoplasm is clear in color and has a gel-like appearance.

• The cytoplasm helps to move materials around the cell and also dissolves cell waste.

Golgi apparatus

The Golgi apparatus gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex. It then takes those big molecules, packages them in vesicles, and either stores them for later use or sends them out of the cell.

Cell nucleus

• The nucleus is at the center of the cell

• The nucleus contains the DNA, the genetic material of the cell. The DNA contains the information necessary for constructing the cell and directing the multitude of synthesis tasks performed by the cell in the process of life and reproduction.

Mitochondria Info

• The power house of the cell.

• Where the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur.

• It has a double membrane, and the inner layer is folded into more inner layers.

• An organelle found anywhere in the cell.

• There is always an abundancy of them.

Peroxisome

Structure and Location• Peroxisomes are spherical

organelles in the cell’s cytoplasm

Function• Peroxisomes breakdown long

chain fatty acids• The long fatty acids are

converted to medium chain fatty acids

• They are then sent to the mitochondria where they are broken down to carbon dioxide and water

Cell MembraneMaddie Roberts 4th

Function: The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

Location: Surrounds the cytoplasm of the cell

Jobs of the cell membrane:•Isolate the cytoplasm from the external environment•Regulate the exchange of substances•Communicate with other cells•Identification

Nucleus A membrane bound structure that

contains the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's growth and reproduction. It is the

command center and most prominent organelle in the cell.

Usually located in the center of the cell.

MicrovilliStructure- Hair like folds Location- On Plasma membraneFunction- Increases cells size, good for absorption and secretion functions.

Nuclear Membrane!By: Natalie Foster

What is a Nuclear Membrane and what is its location? It is the double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in eukaryotic cells.

What is its function? The nuclear membrane keeps DNA inside the nucleus and protects it from materials in the cytoplasm.What is its structure ? outer membrane of the nuclear envelope is dotted with ribosomes. Attached to the nucleoplasm side of the inner membrane is a sheet-like structure of protein filaments

Nucleolus

• •The nucleolus has many functions such as assembly of signal recognition particles, modification of transfer RNAs and sensing cellular stress.

• It takes up 25% of volume in the nucleus and is the largest structure in the nucleus.

• The nucleolus disassembles at the beginning of mitosis and begins to reassemble in telophase.

• The nucleolus assembles ribosomes.

• Made up of proteins and RNA.

Smooth and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum• Location – The Rough

Endoplasmic Reticulum surrounds the nucleus with the smooth ER just outside of that.

• Functions include the folding of protein molecules into sacs and is also responsible for the transportation of synthesized proteins. These proteins are then sent to the Golgi Apparatus.

Vacuole

• Vacuoles are storage bubbles found in cells -a membrane bound sac• They are in both plant and animal cells but are much

bigger in plant cells. • Vacuoles store food or any kind of nutrients a cell might

need to survive. They can even store waste products so the rest of the cell is protected from contamination.

Plant Cell Animal Cell

Nuclear Membrane(nuclear envelope)

• What is it? -A double lipid bilayer membrane which surrounds the genetic material and nucleolus in the cell-Consists of two layers—the inner nuclear membrane, and the outer nuclear membrane.

• What does it do? -Keeps the DNA inside the nucleus and protects it from materials in the cytoplasm.

Flagella

Main role is locomotion

and has a secondary

function as a sensory

organelle.

They are filamentous

proteins attached to the

cell surface to provide the

swimming movement for

most motile procaryotes.

Usually attached to the

cell wall on the outside

of the cell.

Cyto

skele

ton

Function: • Provides structure and organization throughout the cell• Enables cell to preform basic functions like divide and move

Structure: • Made up of three types of protein filaments

1. Actin filaments 2. Intermediate filaments 3. Microtubules

Location: • Everywhere throughout a eukaryotic cell

Chromosomes

•Chromosomes are threadlike structures and can be found inside a cells nucleus.•They are made of protein and DNA.

Chromosome Function

• They carry all the info needed to help a cell grow and reproduce• They are made up of DNA, which are your cells

Centrioles

• The function of centrioles is to aid in the division of cells.• The centrioles are usually located near the nucleus.• The structure of centrioles is a ring of 9 groups of fused micro-tubes.

 Cilia • Cilia are slender, microscopic, hair-like structures or organelles that

extend from the surface of nearly all animal cells.

• There are two types of cilia: motile cilia and non-motile, or primary cilia, which typically serve as sensory organelles.

• Cilia move liquid past the surface of the cell. For single cells, such as sperm, this enables them to swim. Some serve as like antenna that

receive sensory information for the cell, processing signals from the other cells or the fluids surrounding it.

They are located in the cytoplasm.Their function is to store food or any variety of nutrients a cell might need to survive. They can even store waste products so the rest of the cell is protected from contamination. Eventually, those waste products would be sent out of the cell.

Vacuole

Centrosome By: Jamarius Dozier

• Structure/ Location- Consists of 2 centrioles. Microtubule • Function- Microtubule Organizing Center. Plays role in Mitosis and

cytokenisis